US8,842,653 B1
`(10) Patent No.:
`a2) United States Patent
`Raoet al.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`
`US008842653B1
`
`(54) WIRELESS DEVICES WITH TRANSMISSION
`CONTROL AND MULTIPLE PATHS OF
`COMMUNICATION
`.
`(71) Applicant: IP Holdings, Inc., Palo Alto, CA (US)
`
`(72)
`
`Inventors: Sanjay K Rao, Palo Alto, CA (US);
`Sunil K Rao, Palo Alto, CA (US);
`Raman K Rao,Palo Alto, CA (US)
`IP Holdings, Inc., Palo Alto, CA (US)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0days.
`
`(73) Assignee:
`(*) Notice:
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 14/139,817
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Dec. 23, 2013
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(63) Continuation of application No. 12/912,607, filed on
`Oct. 26, 2010, now Pat. No. 8,824,434, which is a
`continuation of application No. 10/940,428,filed on
`Sep. 13, 2004, now Pat. No. 7,848,300, which is a
`continuation of application No. 09/617,608, filed on
`Jul. 17, 2000, now Pat. No. 7,286,502, which is a
`continuation-in-part of application No. 09/281,739,
`filed on Jun. 4, 1999, now Pat. No. 6,169,789.
`
`5,121,391 A
`>eoa ‘
`5.410.738 A
`5,457,714 A
`5,465,401 A
`5,507,035 A
`5,513,242 A
`oe3y'009 ‘
`5,539,391 A”
`aoe338 A
`5,559,794 A
`D374,675 S
`5,565,929 A
`5,566,205 A
`5,577,118 A
`5,598,407 A
`5,610,617 A
`
`6/1992 Paneth etal.
`*loos Weiss etal.
`4/1995 Diepstraten et al
`10/1995 Engel etal.
`11/1995 Thompson
`4/1996 Bantz etal.
`4/1996 Mukerjee et al.
`ahoee cao
`7/1996 Yuen or
`*hooe Stallingctl.
`9/1996 Willis et al.
`10/1996 Sakai et al.
`10/1996 Tanaka
`10/1996 Delfine
`11/1996 Sasakietal.
`1/1997 Budet al.
`3/1997 Gansetal.
`
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`U.S. Appl. No. 10/940,428,filed Sep. 13, 2004, Raoetal.
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Phirin Sam
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Int. Cl.
`A method and apparatus in which multiple Internet Protocol
`HO4W 4/00
`(IP) based wireless data transmissions are simultaneously
`(52) U.S. CL
`provided between a wireless device and a server, including
`USPC cecccccsccssessesstsstsssstestestessesees 370/338; 370/352
`providing multiple antennas, multiple T/R units, multiple
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`CPC vieccessessessessessessessessesseseesnesesneseseeeees GO6F 3/023._—processors and multiple I/O ports on the wireless device. The
`See applicationfile for complete search history.
`methodincludes receiving multiple IP data packets on the I/O
`ports at substantially the same time, and sending multiple data
`packets from the wireless device to the server, whereby the
`transmission rate between the wireless device and the server
`is increased.
`
`(2009.01)
`
`References Cited
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`
`4,
`
` Processor 1 >
`
`506
`
`Processor 2
`
`Output
`or
`
`Outputs
`
`SAMSUNG 1001
`
`SAMSUNG 1001
`
`1
`
`

`

`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`Page 2
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`(56)
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`
`USS. Appl. No. 12/912,607, filed Oct. 26, 2010, Raoet al.
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`US. Appl. No.
`13/621,294, filed Sep.
`17, 2012, Rao
`et
`al
`“8
`APP!
`NO.
`ety Med
`Sep.
`hs
`7
`NAO etal
`U.S. Appl. No. 14/139,817, filed Dec. 23, 2013, Rao etal.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`Sheet 1 of 5
`
`US 8,842,653 B1
`
` 7Cellphone=|Te/Re|
`
`100
`
`Cellphone=|Tc/Re|
`
`108
`
`CB Radio=|Tcb/Reb|
`
`Wireless=|Tw/Rw|
`
`102
`
`104
`
`106
`
`7/CBRadio=|Tcb/Reb|
`
`/Wireless=|Tw/Rw|
`
`FIG. 1A
`-Prior Art-
`
`FIG. 1B
`
`202
`
`206
`
`208
`
`204
`
`First
`Computer
`
`Second
`Computer
`
`
`
`
`FIG, 2
`
`Processor
`
`320
`
`308
`
`316
`
`318
`
`FIG. 3
`
`-Prior Art-
`
`3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`Sheet 2 of 5
`
`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`|}
`
`CT/MD
`
`402
`
`404
`
`T/R
`
`406
`
`Processor
`
`é
`
`408
`
`. aaor
`
`
`
`—>
`
`554
`
` 550
`
`f
`
`AT
`
`Y
`
`552
`
`FIG, 5B
`
`Network switch box
`
`U—_,—_/
`556
`
`
`
`4
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`Sheet 3 of 5
`
`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`706
`
`
`
`FIG. 7
`
`808
`802
`
`
`810
`
`
`
`
`
`
` RF/IF
`
`
`
`DA/AD
`
`T/R Block
`
`Processor
`
`Optical
`Connection
`
`812
`
`FIG 8
`
`Wireless
`
`FIG. 9
`
`5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`Sheet 4 of 5
`
`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`
`
`T/R 1
`
`Converter |Processo
`
`2
`
`2
`
`“ Eopl\
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Fibre
`vomverter
`processor
`
`\Chen\Chae 1
`
`Fibre eennerControllerOpticChannel|seerr
`
`Fibre
`soener
`3oressor
`
`210
`
`T/R2 \Converter Processo Controller
`
`1100
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Optic
`Channel3
`
`1112
`
`1118
`
`FIG. 11
`
`1124
`
`1200
`
`1206
`
`1208
`
`FIG. 12
`
`6
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 23, 2014
`
`Sheet 5 of 5
`
`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`Network
`
`Fibre Optic
`
`1308
`
`Cable
`
`Wireless
`
`1304
`
`Network
`Channel
`
`1300
`
`CT/MD
`
`CT/MD
`
`1310
`
`1332
`
`1324
`
`1314
`
`1312
`
`FIG. 13
`
`7
`
`

`

`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`1
`WIRELESS DEVICES WITH TRANSMISSION
`CONTROL AND MULTIPLE PATHS OF
`COMMUNICATION
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`The present application is a continuation and claims the
`priority benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/912,
`607, filed Oct. 26, 2010, which is a continuation of patent
`application Ser. No. 10/940,428, filed Sep. 13, 2004, now
`USS. Pat. No. 7,848,300, which is a continuation of patent
`application Ser. No. 09/617,608, filed on Jul. 17, 2000 now
`USS. Pat. No. 7,286,502, which is a continuation-in-part of
`patent application Ser. No. 09/281,739, filed Jun. 4, 1999,
`now U.S. Pat. No. 6,169,789; the disclosures ofall the above
`referenced matters are herein incorporated by reference in the
`entirety.
`
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`Abbreviations
`
`Cellular Telephone as CT. Mobile Device as MD. Non-
`Wireless Device as NWD. Internet Protocolas IP. The typical
`cellular telephone/mobile device (CT/MD)todayhasa single
`antenna, which is directly connected to a single receiver.
`While spread spectrum techniques often used in the CT/MD
`use a broad bandoffrequencies, at any specific point in time,
`only a single frequency connected to one receiver is used.
`While spread spectrum techniques greatly increasethereli-
`ability and stability of the transmission, signal “fade” and
`communication disconnects are often encountered. Some
`communications systems mayrely on two separate systems;
`one at a high frequency and preferably using spread spectrum
`transmissions for clarity and reliability, and another provid-
`ing a different set of frequencies, such as lower frequencies.
`The secondary system is used whensignal fade is a problem
`in the main system. These are two separate, complementary
`systems, each devoted to solving a separate, distinguishable
`problem.
`
`SUMMARYOF THE INVENTION
`
`It is an object of the present invention to provide wireless
`enhancements to IP based cellular telephones/mobile wire-
`less devices (CT/MD). The same enhancements are applied to
`IP based and locally based network switch boxes.
`The typical CT/MD has onetransmitter and one receiver
`(T/R), with one antenna. An unfulfilled need exists for mul-
`tiple T/R in a CT/MD,providing enhanced capabilities, and
`the multiple T/R capabilities will often be best met with
`multiple antennas. The present invention is possible due to
`advancesin the art which allow the necessary components to
`be integrated, with the size shrunk to achieve the package,
`performance, and cost desired. The multiple T/R capability
`allows the single CT/MDto perform tasks in different envi-
`ronments—each T/R being specifically designed or config-
`ured for that specific purpose.
`Other objects, features and advantages of the present
`invention will become apparent from the following detailed
`description when taken in conjunction with the accompany-
`ing drawings.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL
`VIEWSOF THE DRAWING
`
`The accompanying drawings, being incorporated in and
`forming a part ofthis specification,illustrate embodiments of
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`the invention and, together with the description, serve to
`explain the principles of the present invention:
`FIG. 1A illustrates characteristics of a cellular telephone
`(CT/MD)ofthe prior art as opposedto a desired CT/MD of
`the present invention. FIG. 1B shows the CT/MD hasthree
`transmit frequencies and three receive frequencies.
`FIG.2 illustrates an embodimentof the present invention
`for a communication system with data being transferred from
`computer to computer.
`FIG.3 illustrates characteristics of the prior art showing a
`computer to computer data path with one channel.
`FIG.4 illustrates a dual antenna, dual transmit/receive
`(T/R) unit in the CT/MDofthe present invention in a dual
`band system.
`FIG. 5A illustrates a dual antenna, dual T/R unit in a
`CT/MDinterfacing with a dual processorin the present inven-
`tion in a dual band system.
`FIG.5B illustrates a wide band network switch box system
`that is capable of operating in a numberof network environ-
`ments sequentially or simultaneously.
`FIG.6 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a wired interface system for wireless or non-wireless devices
`and including a wireless cradle adapter.
`FIG.7 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a CT/MDwith multiple T/R units and multiple antennasin a
`communication system connecting to a Server C through a
`wireless connection.
`FIG.8 is an embodimentofthe present invention illustrat-
`ing the connection of multiple wireless signals to an optical
`network for connection to a wide area network (WAN)or
`local area network (LAN)orto the Internet.
`FIG. 9 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a multiple processing system.
`FIG. 10 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a data system with three data streams.
`FIG. 11 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a data system with three data streams.
`FIG. 12 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a Virtual Private Network (VPN).
`FIG. 13 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`how Virtual Private Network or Networks (VPN) system may
`be provided.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`Reference will now be madein detail to preferred embodi-
`ments of the invention, with examples illustrated in the
`accompanying drawings. The invention is described in con-
`junction with the preferred embodiments, however, it will be
`understoodthat the preferred embodiments are not intended
`to limit the invention. The invention is intended to cover
`alternatives, modifications and equivalents included, now or
`later, within the spirit and scope of the present invention as
`defined by the appended claims.
`In the present invention, one or more antennas and T/R
`units in a CT/MD will provide better tuning and greater
`bandwidth for a given frequency/application. For example,
`consider an embodimentof a cell phone, CB radio, and wire-
`less phone, all in a single CT/MDfor improvingthe data rates
`of a wireless device/network:
`It is seen that the data rate of the CT/MDis increased.
`
`Currently the CT/MD data rates are very low and pose a
`severe limitation for high speed wireless data networking.
`14.4 KBPS(kilobits per second) is probably the best reliable
`speed for a wireless network that is commercially available.
`The speed at which RF wavesare transmitted from point A to
`point B is a physical property based on the frequency of
`
`8
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`

`

`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`3
`transmission and reception in a given medium suchasair. The
`signal speed is determined by the frequency and the signal
`strength is determined by the power, line of sight, interfer-
`ence, etc. In a given assigned frequency band, the data speed
`is fixed but the power may be varied. The rate at which data
`may betransmitted over a wireless network is also deter-
`mined by the ability to encode and decode the signal at the
`T/R endsusing the electronics and computing powerresident
`at each end.
`Data transferred to a CT/MD over a wireless network
`comes in encoded form and must be decoded at the CT/MD
`
`after the data is received, such as by a receiver. The ability to
`encode and decode the data is a function of the number of
`
`encoders/decoders available and assigned to the task at the
`CT/MDorat a network switch box. It will be appreciated that
`while a CT/MDand a network switch boxare very similar in
`many ways, they are completely different functional units,
`with the CT/MDproviding personalservices and the network
`switch box providing system services. The ability to encode
`and decodethe data is also a function ofthe speed at which the
`encoder/decoder electronics operate at the T/R ends. Of
`course, each encoder/decoder must be associated with appro-
`priate electronics to effect this task when more than one
`encoder/decoderis used.
`FIG. 1A illustrates characteristics of a cellular telephone/
`mobile device (CT/MD)100 ofthe prior art as opposed to a
`desired CT/MD of the present invention having multiple
`transmit/receive (T/R) units and multiple antennas. In FIG.
`1A, Cellphone 102, CB Radio 104, and Wireless 106 of the
`prior art all have a single transmit frequency and a single
`receive 15 frequency.In contrast, the CT/MD 108 of FIG. 1B
`ofthis embodimentofthe present invention has three transmit
`frequencies and three receive frequencies.
`FIG.2 illustrates an embodimentof the present invention
`for a communication system 200 with data being transferred
`from computer 202 to computer 204. In FIG. 2, computer 202
`communicates through a system of T/R units 206, located
`within or in proximity to computer system 202, with com-
`puter system 204 through T/R unit 208. T/R 208 may be
`located within computer system 204 orin close proximity to
`computer system 204 to route the data to computer 204 or
`alternatively to a networkserver 204, as required. Therate at
`which data from system 202 to system 204 is transferred is
`gated by the speed of the transmit and receive units is
`improvedbythe parallel paths provided by the present inven-
`tion. The signal is sampled and may be multiplexed at each
`end, at a rate that assures accuracy.
`FIG. 3 is an embodimentof the prior art showing a com-
`puter to computer data path with a single channel 300. In FIG.
`3, using a single antenna and a single T/R unit the signal is
`processed throughthe internal electronics module 308 of the
`CT/MD302, said module 308, which is shown separate from
`CT/MD 302for illustrative purposes only but is normally
`included within CT/MD302. Module 308 contains RF/IF 304
`and A/D, D/A converter 306, as well as processor 310,
`memory 312, control electronics 314, and other electronics
`such as display electronics 316 and special interface circuitry
`318, such as for driving the output 320. It should be clear that
`output 320 can also be an input/output for the CT/MD 302.
`This is also true for a network switch box such as network
`
`switch box 552 with the functionality of CT/MD 302. The
`module 308 and elements 310 through 318 are included
`within CT/MD 302 or network switch box 552. All of these
`
`components or systems are normally contained within
`CT/MD302. Since there is only one path, however,it is clear
`that this system does not form an efficient, convenient inter-
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`face. The transmission datarate is limited by antenna 322 of
`CT/MD 302, which has only one antenna 322.
`The antenna 322 is capable of receiving only a limited
`frequency banddueto its design limitations, which are com-
`monto single antennas used for this purpose.
`Adding additional antennas gives the CT/MD (by exten-
`sion the sameis true for the network switch box) enhanced
`capabilities to differentiate between various signals or to
`combine multiple paths into a single communication channel.
`As an example, the design considerations for receiving cel-
`lular telephone frequencies may betotally different from
`those for streaming videoor data signals, and with the present
`invention both can be combined into the CT/MD.
`FIG.4 illustrates a dual antenna, dual T/R unit in the
`CT/MDofthe present invention in a dual band system 400. In
`FIG.4, this scheme with CT/MD 402transmitting on the dual
`T/R unit 404 allows the internal processor 406 to indepen-
`dently process the two incoming signal streams separately
`and optimally, causing the appropriate outputto be delivered
`on the desired output port. In FIG. 4 the processor 406 is
`shown as a single processor, however, the processor 406 is not
`limited to only one processor and may contain multiple pro-
`cessors. Alternately, the single processor may have multiple
`channels for parallel processing of each data stream to pro-
`cess accurately two distinct signals 408 that were more opti-
`mally received by two dedicated antennas and two separate
`T/R units contained within the CT/MD to improve perfor-
`mance and quality of output. An example is a CT/MD 402
`which is optimized for video and voice.
`Having more than one T/R unit gives a performance edge
`as each signal can bebetter processed and tunedto the specific
`frequency bandofthe signal. Thus better quality of output can
`be achieved for each type of signal and application. As an
`example, by having each of the data streams sampled at
`differing clock frequencies the performance can be better
`optimized.
`FIG.5A illustrates a dual antenna, dual T/R unit 504 in a
`CT/MD 502 interfacing with a dual processor 506 in the
`present invention in a dual band system 500. In FIG. 5A, in
`addition to multiple antennas 508 and multiple T/R units 504
`the figure also shows multiple processors 506 in a process unit
`functional block in a CT/MD. The system may communicate
`through an output or outputs 510. For example, these outputs
`may be fibre optic channel, ethernet, cable, telephone, or
`other. By extension the feature ofmultiple antennas, multiple
`T/R units and multiple processors is extendable to the net-
`work switch box or network switch boxes that form a local,
`widearea, Virtual private network or connect to the Internet.
`Server C controls the communication protocols in conyunc-
`tion with the network switching boxor other devices, such as
`CT/MD 502. The multiple processors 506 allow for parallel
`and custom processing of each signal or data stream to
`achieve higher speed and better quality of output. This can
`also be done with a single processor that has the parallelism
`and pipeline capability built in for handling one or more data
`streams simultaneously. Processor 506 is the complete elec-
`tronics inclusive of DSP, CPU, memory controller, and other
`elements essential to process various types of signals. These
`can be defined as, for example, either single chip or multichip
`solutions. The processor contained within the CT/MD 502is
`further capable ofdelivering the required outputs to a number
`of different ports such as optical, USB, cable and others such
`as 1202 to 1210. The CT/MD 502is also capable of taking
`different inputs, as well as wireless, for the appropriate pro-
`cessing to be done onthese signals within the CT/MD 502 and
`outputting the desired signal on a designated port or ports.
`Thus the CT/MD 502 has universal connectivity in addition to
`
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`
`

`

`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`5
`having a wide range of functionality made possible through
`the features of multiple antennas, multiple T/R units 504 and
`processors 506 in this invention. These features may also
`exist in a network switch box, such as network switch box
`552.
`
`FIG.5Billustrates a wide band network switch box system
`550 that is capable of operating in a number of network
`environments sequentially or simultaneously. The network
`switch box is configured with multiple processors, multiple
`antennas and multiple T/R units that can be multiplexed to
`process incoming and outgoing wireless signals. In addition
`to wireless signals there is a need to process other types of
`input/output signals such as optical, cable, USBetc. to fully
`interface with other types of devices and networks. The net-
`work switch box is normally a fixed part of a network,
`whereas the CT/MDis portable. However, the network switch
`box may be portable and may be used in the wireless mode
`only in a wireless networkor it may also be connected to one
`or more networks by wired and wireless meansto fully lever-
`age all the input/outputports.
`In FIG. 5B, network switch box 552 that is limited in
`quality because ofthe limitations of wireless mayfully lever-
`age the networks, including fibre optic networks, such as by
`multiple antennas 554 and multiple I/O ports 556. As an
`example, the ability to view streaming video on a network
`switch box 552 maybelimited by the wireless signal quality
`due to the need for compression. This is due to transmissions
`that are inherently impaired in air as opposedto fibre optic
`cable. A prior art network switch box while in the mobile
`mode may receive video of poorer quality. The network
`switch box 552, when at homeorin the office, could be easily
`connectedto the optical network directly or through I/O ports
`556, such as by a cradle adapter. In this mode the best data,
`video or audio quality can be received using the same unit.
`This provides the network switch box 552 single unit to have
`universal applications since it can sequentially or simulta-
`neously communicate optimally with other systems andnet-
`works to deliver quality/performance and speed tailored for
`each application.
`The network switch box 552 as disclosed above executes
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`Note that the cradle adapter 604 connection also allows I/O
`contacts 608 between a non-wireless device (NWD) 613 and
`a wireless cradle adapter 604 or similar wireless enabling
`attachment. The enabling attachment can make any non-wire-
`less device (NWD) unit 613 wireless enabled while being
`plugged into the cradle adapter 604, as shown for CT/MD
`612, to access a numberofwired,optical or wireless commu-
`nication paths throughthe ports 608. The cradle adapteritself
`may have multiple antennas, multiple T/R units and multiple
`processors built-in to deliver full functionality. The cradle
`adapter 604 may also accommodate multiple wired or wire-
`less devices to be plugged in at the same time. The cradle
`adapter may also contain power ports for the individual
`devices in addition to the I/O ports. The cradle adapter 604
`maybe a passive pass through connection enabling device or
`may have internal electronic smarts to perform certain server
`functions to control data traffic. Alternately, a Server C
`located on a LAN, WANor the Internet can be the control
`vehicle.
`
`FIG.7 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a CT/MD702 having multiple T/R units internally and with
`multiple antennas 710 in a communication system 700 con-
`necting to a Server C 706 through a wireless connection 704.
`Server C 706 then communicates with a network such as the
`
`Internet or other path to data such as a local WAN/LANline,
`etc., through connection 708. The multiple T/R units and
`antennas 710 allow multiple simultaneous communication
`paths over connection 704 between the CT/MD and the
`Server C such that the communication rate is increased.
`FIG.8 is an embodimentofthe present invention illustrat-
`ing the connection of multiple wireless signals to an optical
`network for connection to a wide area network (WAN)or
`local area network (LAN) or to the Internet. In FIG. 8, a
`CT/MD 802 communicates through internal electronic inter-
`faces, such as an RF/IF module 804 and an AD/DA unit 806
`ina T/R block 808 with a processor 810. Processor 810 then
`provides an electrical signal generated by the T/R block 808
`and processed by processor 810 to an optical converter (OC)
`812. OC 812 then delivers the optical signal to fibre optic
`cable 814 for delivery to, for example, a network such as a
`WAN/LANorthe Internet.
`This avoids delay in processing the signal and improves
`quality/performance. Similar conversions can be done by the
`processorfor other input/output protocols or systems such as
`universal serial bus (USB) or Ethernet either locally or in
`conjunction with a server such as Server C 706 to receive/
`deliver input output signals as needed. By extension, the same
`features are possible for the network switch box such as
`network switch box 552.
`
`Some uniquefeatures ofthe present invention, which apply
`to either a CT/MD such as CT/MD802or to a network switch
`box such as network switch box 552, are:
`Multiple antennasfor greater signal range and bandwidth.
`Multiple T/R units so that paths or tasks can be paralleled.
`Multiple internal signal processors, or one or more proces-
`sors that execute in parallel.
`Multiple built in input/outputs for universal connectivity to
`different network environments.
`Capability to interface wired and wireless devices through
`a cradle adapter to achieve universal connectivity.
`Parallel processing of signals and data streamsat a system
`level using hardware and software on a server such as Server
`C 706.
`
`substantially the same function as the CT/MD 502. However,
`the network switch box 552 operates at a network system
`level capable of coordinating the operations of a number of
`mobile and other devices in one or more networks, while the
`CT/MD 502 performsat a personallevel.
`FIG.6 is an embodimentof the present invention showing
`a wired interface system 600 for wireless or non-wireless
`devices. In FIG. 6, a wireless device, CT/MD 602 with I/O
`ports 610 and CI/MD 612 with the ability to interface
`through a cradle adapter 604 having both wireless and wired
`connections 606 interfacing with multiple input/output (1/O)
`ports 608 is shown.One, all, or some of the connections may
`be used simultaneously or sequentially for combining mul-
`tiple data pathsinto a single path. Whether to combineall the
`paths into a single data channel or use separate data channels
`for simultaneous operations will be based on the needsofthe
`application. Examples of inputs/outputs are, for example,
`standard telephone, coaxial cable, Ethernet,
`twisted pair,
`wireless, optical, and USB. In addition to the multiple I/O
`ports 610 shown on the CT/MD 602 andthe ports 608 shown
`for connecting the CT/MD 612 to cradle adapter 604, the
`present invention anticipates a universal port and a universal
`connector. By having the signal path selection done by user
`FIG. 9 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`defined menu driven software and multiplexing the signals
`a multiple processing system 900. In FIG. 9, computer 902
`onto a universal input/output port as opposedto the multiple
`and computer 908 need to exchange data streamsat very fast
`ports 608, 610 or wired connections 606, the desired signals
`
`are delivered to the universal port. rates. Havingasingle channel for T/R with a single antenna or
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`US 8,842,653 B1
`
`8
`7
`fibre optic transmissions, where fibre optic to electrical and
`a single processor would cause a limitation in data transfer
`rates, so multiple channels 912 are provided. Server C 910
`electrical to fibre optic conversions can create significant
`polls the tasks by communicating with computer 902 and
`communications limitations. In such cases, the processor
`computer 908, and through computer 902 and computer 908
`speed is seldomalimitation or can be overcomewith parallel
`control the wireless units 904 and 906, such as CT/MDsor
`processors, and conversion speed becomes the primary
`wireless boxes, by optimally allocating channels and trans-
`bottleneck in data transfers for optical systems. As discussed
`fers of the data. Having multiple channels 912 enhances the
`before, by providing, for example, a single chip, multichip, or
`data transfer rate compared to a single channel or communi-
`hybrid converter for parallel conversions in accordance with
`cation path. Server C 910 oversees the allocation ofdata to the
`the present invention under the supervision of a Server C,
`different channels and keeps the process under control. In
`such as Server C 1130, the fibre optic channel conversion
`addition the multiple channels 912 help overcome the RF to
`bottleneck is avoided.
`digital electronic conversion rate problem. The rate at which
`the sampling and conversion takes place is a function of, for
`example, the A/D and D/A 806 conversion rates and limita-
`tions in the other electronics components such as processor
`810. Consequently having the data partitioned by the Server
`C 910 and assigned to multiple channels 912 enablesparallel
`processing of the communications, and having parallel pro-
`cessing ofwireless data streams wherethe data streams coex-
`ist, as in the presentinvention, increases the data transferrate.
`FIG. 10 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a data system 1000 with three data streams DS1 1002, DS2
`1004 and DS3 1006. In FIG. 10, three wireless T/R units
`1008, 1010, and 1012 are shown. The three data streams
`1002, 1004, and 1006 are processed by the three T/R units
`1008, 1010 and 1012, converted by converters 1014, 1016,
`and 1018, and presented to processors 1020, 1022, and 1024
`under the control of controller 1026. The data streams may be
`interfaced separately with server C 1030 or combinedinto
`data stream 1028 andinterfaced to Server C 1030. The pro-
`cessor or CPU speed is seldom a limiting factor, so the
`improvement in speed by providing multiple data paths is
`fully realized by the present invention. Each subtask being
`processed can be assigned to a separate channel. Therate at
`whichthe data is acquired, processed and converted is depen-
`dent on the type of electronic components. Therefore, com-
`ponentlimitations can be overcome in a straightforward and
`convenient way by parallel processing. In such cases, the
`processor speed is seldom a limitation, and conversion speed
`of RFto electrical and electrical to RF, becomesthe primary
`bottleneck in data transfers for wireless systems. By provid-
`ing, for example, a single chip, multichip, or hybrid converter
`for parallel conversions in accordance with the present inven-
`tion underthe supervision ofthe Server C 910, this bottleneck
`is avoided. Each channel may be sampled and clocked indi-
`vidually as necessary to optimally process each data stream
`and combinethe individual data packets.
`FIG. 11 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a data system 1100 with three data streams DS1 1102, DS2
`1104 and DS3 1106. In FIG. 11, three fibre optic channel units
`1108, 1110, and 1112 are shown. The three data streams
`1102, 1104, and 1106 are processed by the three fibre optic
`channel units 1108, 1110 and 1112, converted by converters
`1114, 1116, and 1118, and presented to processors 1120,
`1122, and 1124 underthe control of controller 1126. The data
`streams are combinedinto data stream 1128andinterfaced to
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`FIG. 12 is an embodimentofthe present invention showing
`a Virtual Private Network (VPN) communication path 1200.
`In FIG. 12, multiple communications channels such as USB
`1202, telephone 1204, cable 1206, fibre optic channel 1208,
`and wireless 1210 are all employed to communicate data
`relating to tasks and subtasks from data path 1212, such as
`from Server C 1130, to data path 1214. Data path 1214 may be
`connected to, for example, another Server C 1030 or simi-
`larly. The result is that multiple communication environments
`are enabledby the data paths 1200, the environments having,
`for example, devices such as multiple CT/MDs, network
`switch boxes, and combinations for forming a VPN, such as
`VPN 1302. Thisis true even where the individual units belong
`to another VPN. The VPN, such as VPN 1302, or several
`VPNs, such as VPNs 1300, ca