IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`Petition for IPR2022-01143
`U.S. Patent No. 11,226,793
`
`
`
`
`In the Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 11,226,793
`Trial No.: IPR2022-01143
`Issued: January 18, 2022
`Filed: November 30, 2017
`Inventors: Wayne Baratta and Quentin Olson
`Assignee: CloudOfChange LLC
`Title: Web-Based Point of Sale Builder
`Petitioner: Lightspeed Commerce Inc.
`
`
`
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`DECLARATION OF STEPHEN GRAY
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`
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`I declare that all statements made herein on my own knowledge are true and
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`that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and
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`further, that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false
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`statements and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both,
`
`under Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
`
`
`
`
`
`By:
`
`Stephen Gray
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`

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`LIST OF APPENDICES
`
`Appendix A
`
`Curriculum Vitae of Stephen Gray.
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`
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`
`
`LIST OF EXHIBITS
`
`1001 Baratta et al., U.S. Patent No. 11,226,793 (“the ’793 patent”)
`1002 Expert Declaration of Stephen Gray
`1003
`Prosecution History File Wrapper of the ’793 patent
`1004 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0265935 (“Woycik”)
`1005 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0049921 (“Tengler”)
`1006 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0208696 (“Olson”)
`1007 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0181454 (“Manno”)
`1008 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2006/0235755 (“Mueller”)
`1009 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0128199 (“Cusack”)
`1010 United Kingdom Patent Application GB2369201 (“Tomlinson”)
`1011 U.S. Pat. No. 5,818,428 (“Eisenbrandt”)
`Plaintiff’s Response in Opposition to Defendant’s Motion for Summary
`1012
`Judgment, CloudofChange, LLC v. NCR Corporation, 6-19-cv-00513
`(W.D. Tex.)
`1013 WO 02/39226 A2 (“Thompson”)
`Plaintiff’s Motion in Limine, CloudofChange, LLC v. NCR Corporation,
`1014
`6-19-cv-00513 (W.D. Tex.)
`1015 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0103037 (“Wetmore”)
`1016 RESERVED
`Plaintiff’s First Amended Preliminary Infringement Contentions Exhibit
`1017
`A3, CloudofChange, LLC v. Lightspeed POS Inc., 6-21-cv-01102 (W.D.
`Tex.)
`
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.2
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`

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`1018
`
`First Amended Scheduling Order, CloudofChange, LLC v. Lightspeed
`POS Inc., 6-21-cv-01102, D.I. 31 (W.D. Tex.)
`1019 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2002/0194074 (“Jacobs”)
`1020 U.S. Patent No. 7,051,091 (“Cohen”)
`1021 U.S. Patent No. 6,384,850 (“McNally”)
`1022 U.S. Patent No. 6,002,395 (“Wagner”)
`1023 RESERVED
`Final Claim Constructions of the Court, CloudofChange, LLC v. NCR
`1024
`Corporation, 6-19-cv-00513 (W.D. Tex.)
`Supplemental Claim Construction Order, CloudofChange, LLC v. NCR
`Corporation, 6-19-cv-00513 (W.D. Tex.)
`1026 U.S. Patent No. 6,247,032 (“Bernardo”)
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`1025
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.3
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`

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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 16 
`PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND ............................................................. 17 
`  RELEVANT LEGAL STANDARDS ........................................................... 20 
`Claim Construction ................................................................................... 20 
` 
`Obviousness .............................................................................................. 22 
` 
`  LEVEL OF SKILL IN THE ART ................................................................. 25 
`TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND ............................................................... 26 
`  THE ’793 PATENT ....................................................................................... 31 
`  Overview of the ’793 patent ..................................................................... 31 
`Prosecution History of the ’793 patent ..................................................... 32 
` 
`  LISTING OF THE CLAIMS ......................................................................... 36 
`  CLAIM CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................... 44 
`“wherein the further information regarding the one or more
` 
`POS transactions, the information used for creating or
`modifying the one or more POS screens, or a combination
`thereof comprises one or more of…” (all claims) .................................... 44 
`“display interfaces” (all claims) ............................................................... 45 
`“the input interface element” (claim 23) .................................................. 45 
`“the web server”/“the at least one web server” (claim 38) ...................... 45 
`“creating or modifying functionality of the one or POS
`terminals” (claim 44) ................................................................................ 46 
`  OVERVIEW OF THE PRIOR ART ............................................................. 47 
`  Overview of Woycik (EX1004) ................................................................ 47 
`Overview of Tengler (EX1005) ............................................................... 48 
` 
`THE PRIOR ART GROUNDS RELIED UPON HEREIN ARE
`DISTINCT FROM THOSE CONSIDERED DURING
`EXAMINATION ........................................................................................... 49 
`  RESERVED ................................................................................................... 49 
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.4
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`2. 
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`3. 
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`4. 
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`1. 
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`  GROUND 1: WOYCIK IN VIEW OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF
`A POSITA RENDERS OBVIOUS CLAIMS 1-4, 7-28, AND
`31-44 .............................................................................................................. 50 
`Claim 1 ..................................................................................................... 50 
`1[pre] (“A web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`comprising”) ........................................................................................ 50 
`1[a] (“at least one server configured to”) and 1[b]
`(“communicate with one or more POS terminals over a
`network comprising the Internet, wherein the one or more
`POS terminals are configured to display one or more
`POS screens”) ...................................................................................... 51 
`1[c] (“receive, over the network from a POS builder
`interface, information used for creating or modifying the
`one or more POS screens including creating or modifying
`one or more display interfaces for display on the one or
`more POS screens, the one or more display interfaces
`being associated with one or more items”) ......................................... 54 
`1[d] (“receive, from at least one of the one or more POS
`terminals over the network, further information regarding
`one or more POS transactions corresponding to the one
`or more items;”), 1[g] (“wherein said further information
`regarding the one or more POS transactions relate to one
`or more transactions by corresponding customers
`respectively associated with at least one of said one or
`more POS terminals”) ......................................................................... 61 
`1[e] (“configure the one or more POS terminals with the
`information over the network to create or modify based
`on the further information regarding one or more POS
`transactions the one or more POS screens displayed on
`the one or more POS terminals”) ........................................................ 62 
`1[f] (“wherein the further information regarding the one
`or more POS transactions, the information used for
`creating or modifying the one or more POS screens, or a
`combination thereof comprises one or more of employee
`clock information, customer add/update information,
`item add/update information, promotion information,
`loyalty point information, discount information, taxation
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.5
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`5. 
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`6. 
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`information, item cost information, or inventory
`information”) ....................................................................................... 70 
`Claims 2 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS builder interface is
`configured to run on a computing device”) and 11 (“The
`web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 1,
`wherein the POS builder interface is accessible via a web
`browser”) .................................................................................................. 74 
`Claim 3 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the one or more POS terminals comprise
`a plurality of POS terminals in a plurality of locations”) ......................... 75 
`Claims 4 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more items comprise
`at least one of: one or more items for sale, one or more
`promotions, or one or more loyalty points programs”) and 9
`(“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of
`claim 1, wherein the one or more display interfaces
`comprise one or more buttons or keys”) .................................................. 77 
`Claim 7 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more
`POS transactions comprises one or more of the employee
`clock information, the customer add/update information, the
`item add/update information, or the promotion information”) ................ 78 
`Claim 8 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more
`POS transactions are viewable via the POS builder
`interface”) ................................................................................................. 79 
`Claim 10 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the received information
`comprises information indicative of at least one of a number,
`shape, or arrangement of the one or more display
`interfaces”) ................................................................................................ 81 
`Claim 12 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more display
`interfaces are accessible on the POS builder interface”).......................... 83 
`
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.6
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`Claim 13 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to: receive, over the network from the POS
`builder interface, second information regarding a
`modification to at least one of the one or more POS screens;
`and update the at least one of the one or more POS screens
`on the one or more POS terminals based on the second
`information”) ............................................................................................ 85 
`Claim 14 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to store information regarding the one or more
`POS screens”) ........................................................................................... 88 
`Claim 15 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is located
`remotely from the one or more POS terminals”) ..................................... 88 
`Claim 16 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to receive the information for creating or
`modifying the one or more POS screens and create or
`modify the one or more POS screens in real time while the
`one or more POS terminals are in use performing one or
`more POS transactions”) .......................................................................... 89 
`  Claim 17 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more POS terminals
`use the one or more POS screens after completing a pending
`POS transaction”) ..................................................................................... 91 
`Claims 18 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to maintain information regarding POS screens
`for separate sets of POS terminals separately”) and 20 (“The
`web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 1,
`wherein the at least one server is further configured to
`maintain information regarding the one or more POS
`screens”) ................................................................................................... 92 
`
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.7
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`Claim 19 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein instructions to the POS builder
`interface for programmatic creation and modification of the
`POS terminals are not formatted in programming code”) ....................... 93 
`Claim 21 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the received information
`comprises one or more attributes of the one or more items”) .................. 94 
`Claim 22 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS terminals are configured
`to perform transactions independently of a connection with
`the network”) ............................................................................................ 95 
`Claim 23 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the input interface element
`comprises a data interface for inputting at least some of said
`further information”) ................................................................................ 96 
`Claim 24 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein to configure the one or more
`POS terminals comprises dynamically configuring the one
`or more POS terminals specific for the corresponding
`customer based on the one or more transactions by the
`corresponding customer”) ........................................................................ 98 
`Claims 25 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS builder interface is
`configured to create or modify at least one of: a position or
`operation of a first display interface of the one or more
`display interfaces, wherein the first display interface
`comprises an input interface element”) and 26 (“The web-
`based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 25,
`wherein the input interface element comprises a touch
`screen input interface element”) .............................................................100 
`Claim 27 .................................................................................................102 
`27[pre] (“A web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system comprising”) ..........................................................................102 
`27[a] (“at least one POS terminal configured to: display
`one or more POS screens”) and 27[b] (“communicate
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.8
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`1. 
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`2. 
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`5. 
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`with at least one server over a network comprising the
`Internet”) ...........................................................................................103 
`27[c] (“receive, over the network from the at least one
`server, information used for creating or modifying the
`one or more POS screens including creating or modifying
`one or more display interfaces for display on the one or
`more POS screens, the one or more display interfaces
`being associated with one or more items”) .......................................104 
`27[d] (“perform one or more transactions with respect to
`the one or more items”) .....................................................................105 
`27[e] (“transmit, from at least one of the one or more
`POS terminals over the network, further information
`regarding one or more POS transactions corresponding to
`the one or more items”) and 27[h] (“wherein said one or
`more POS transactions relate to one or more transactions
`by corresponding customers respectively associated with
`at least one of said one or more POS terminals”) .............................105 
`27[f] (“create or modify based on the received
`information or further information the one or more POS
`screens”) ............................................................................................106 
`27[g] (“wherein the further information regarding the one
`or more POS transactions, the information used for
`creating or modifying the one or more POS screens, or a
`combination thereof comprises one or more of employee
`clock information, customer add/update information,
`item add/update information, promotion information,
`loyalty point information, discount information, taxation
`information, item cost information, or inventory
`information”) .....................................................................................107 
`Claims 28, 31-38, 40-41 .........................................................................107 
`  Claim 39 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 38, wherein the at least one POS terminal is
`further configured to store locally the information regarding
`the one or more transactions”) ................................................................108 
`Claim 42 .................................................................................................109 
`Claim 43 .................................................................................................109 
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.9
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`6. 
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`7. 
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`Claim 44 .................................................................................................110 
` 
`  GROUND 2: TENGLER IN VIEW OF THE KNOWLEDGE
`OF A POSITA RENDERS OBVIOUS CLAIMS 1-4, 7-28,
`AND 31-44 ..................................................................................................112 
`Claim 1 ...................................................................................................112 
`1[pre] (“A web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`comprising”) ......................................................................................112 
`1[a] (“at least one server configured to”) and 1[b]
`(“communicate with one or more POS terminals over a
`network comprising the Internet, wherein the one or more
`POS terminals are configured to display one or more
`POS screens”) ....................................................................................114 
`1[c] (“receive, over the network from a POS builder
`interface, information used for creating or modifying the
`one or more POS screens including creating or modifying
`one or more display interfaces for display on the one or
`more POS screens, the one or more display interfaces
`being associated with one or more items”) .......................................121 
`1[d] (“receive, from at least one of the one or more POS
`terminals over the network, further information regarding
`one or more POS transactions corresponding to the one
`or more items”) and 1[g] (“wherein said further
`information regarding the one or more POS transactions
`relate to one or more transactions by corresponding
`customers respectively associated with at least one of
`said one or more POS terminals”) .....................................................126 
`1[e] (“configure the one or more POS terminals with the
`information over the network to create or modify based
`on the further information regarding one or more POS
`transactions the one or more POS screens displayed on
`the one or more POS terminals”) ......................................................130 
`1[f] (“wherein the further information regarding the one
`or more POS transactions, the information used for
`creating or modifying the one or more POS screens, or a
`combination thereof comprises one or more of employee
`clock information, customer add/update information,
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`5. 
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`6. 
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.10
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`item add/update information, promotion information,
`loyalty point information, discount information, taxation
`information, item cost information, or inventory
`information”) .....................................................................................134 
`Claims 2 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS builder interface is
`configured to run on a computing device”) and 11 (“The
`web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 1,
`wherein the POS builder interface is accessible via a web
`browser”) ................................................................................................141 
`Claim 3 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the one or more POS terminals comprise
`a plurality of POS terminals in a plurality of locations”) .......................142 
`Claims 4 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more items comprise
`at least one of: one or more items for sale, one or more
`promotions, or one or more loyalty points programs”) and 9
`(“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of
`claim 1, wherein the one or more display interfaces
`comprise one or more buttons or keys”) ................................................144 
`Claim 7 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more
`POS transactions comprises one or more of the employee
`clock information, the customer add/update information, the
`item add/update information, or the promotion information”) ..............146 
`Claim 8 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder system
`of claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more
`POS transactions are viewable via the POS builder
`interface”) ...............................................................................................147 
`Claim 10 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the received information
`comprises information indicative of at least one of a number,
`shape, or arrangement of the one or more display
`interfaces”) ..............................................................................................149 
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.11
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`Claim 12 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more display
`interfaces are accessible on the POS builder interface”)........................151 
`Claim 13 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to: receive, over the network from the POS
`builder interface, second information regarding a
`modification to at least one of the one or more POS screens;
`and update the at least one of the one or more POS screens
`on the one or more POS terminals based on the second
`information”) ..........................................................................................152 
`Claim 14 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to store information regarding the one or more
`POS screens”) .........................................................................................153 
`Claim 15 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is located
`remotely from the one or more POS terminals”) ...................................154 
`Claim 16 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to receive the information for creating or
`modifying the one or more POS screens and create or
`modify the one or more POS screens in real time while the
`one or more POS terminals are in use performing one or
`more POS transactions”) ........................................................................157 
`  Claim 17 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the one or more POS terminals
`use the one or more POS screens after completing a pending
`POS transaction”) ...................................................................................158 
`Claims 18 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the at least one server is further
`configured to maintain information regarding POS screens
`for separate sets of POS terminals separately”) and 20 (“The
`web-based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 1,
`wherein the at least one server is further configured to
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.12
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`maintain information regarding the one or more POS
`screens”) .................................................................................................159 
`Claim 19 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein instructions to the POS builder
`interface for programmatic creation and modification of the
`POS terminals are not formatted in programming code”) .....................161 
`Claim 21 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the received information
`comprises one or more attributes of the one or more items”) ................162 
`Claim 22 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS terminals are configured
`to perform transactions independently of a connection with
`the network”) ..........................................................................................163 
`Claim 23 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the input interface element
`comprises a data interface for inputting at least some of said
`further information”) ..............................................................................164 
`Claim 24 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein to configure the one or more
`POS terminals comprises dynamically configuring the one
`or more POS terminals specific for the corresponding
`customer based on the one or more transactions by the
`corresponding customer”) ......................................................................166 
`Claims 25 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 1, wherein the POS builder interface is
`configured to create or modify at least one of: a position or
`operation of a first display interface of the one or more
`display interfaces, wherein the first display interface
`comprises an input interface element”) and 26 (“The web-
`based point of sale (POS) builder system of claim 25,
`wherein the input interface element comprises a touch
`screen input interface element”) .............................................................167 
`Claim 27 .................................................................................................169 
`27[pre] (“A web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system comprising”) ..........................................................................169 
`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.13
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`27[a] (“at least one POS terminal configured to: display
`one or more POS screens”) and 27[b] (“communicate
`with at least one server over a network comprising the
`Internet”) ...........................................................................................170 
`27[c] (“receive, over the network from the at least one
`server, information used for creating or modifying the
`one or more POS screens including creating or modifying
`one or more display interfaces for display on the one or
`more POS screens, the one or more display interfaces
`being associated with one or more items”) .......................................170 
`27[d] (“perform one or more transactions with respect to
`the one or more items”) .....................................................................171 
`27[e] (“transmit, from at least one of the one or more
`POS terminals over the network, further information
`regarding one or more POS transactions corresponding to
`the one or more items”) and 27[h] (“wherein said one or
`more POS transactions relate to one or more transactions
`by corresponding customers respectively associated with
`at least one of said one or more POS terminals”) .............................172 
`27[f] (“create or modify based on the received
`information or further information the one or more POS
`screens”) ............................................................................................172 
`27[g] (“wherein the further information regarding the one
`or more POS transactions, the information used for
`creating or modifying the one or more POS screens, or a
`combination thereof comprises one or more of employee
`clock information, customer add/update information,
`item add/update information, promotion information,
`loyalty point information, discount information, taxation
`information, item cost information, or inventory
`information”) .....................................................................................173 
`Claims 28, 31-38, 40-41 .........................................................................173 
`  Claim 39 (“The web-based point of sale (POS) builder
`system of claim 38, wherein the at least one POS terminal is
`further configured to store locally the information regarding
`the one or more transactions”) ................................................................175 
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`2. 
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`3. 
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.14
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`Claim 42 .................................................................................................175 
`Claim 43 .................................................................................................176 
`Claim 44 .................................................................................................177 
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`  CONCLUSION ............................................................................................178 
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.15
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`INTRODUCTION
`6. My name is Stephen Gray.
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`7.
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`I am making this declaration at the request of LightSpeed Commerce
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`Inc. (“Petitioner”) in the matter of the Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No.
`
`11,226,793 (“the ’793 patent”).
`
`8.
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`I am being compensated for my work in this matter at an hourly rate for
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`consulting services. My compensation in no way depends on the outcome of this
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`proceeding.
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`9.
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`In preparing this declaration, I considered all materials cited in the body
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`of this declaration, which includes but is not limited to the documents identified in
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`the Petition’s List of Exhibits. I have relied on information and evidence identified
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`in this declaration, including the ’793 patent, its prosecution history, prior art
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`references, and other materials discussed in this declaration.
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`10. This declaration is based on the information currently available to me.
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`To the extent additional information becomes available, I reserve the right to
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`continue my investigation and study, which may include a review of documents and
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`information that may be produced, testimony from depositions not yet taken, and
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`claim constructions yet to be posed.
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.16
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`PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND
`11. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Economics, I went to
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`work as a software and systems professional and I remain in that industry after 40
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`years. Details of my qualifications and professional experience are described in my
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`Curriculum Vitae, a copy of which can be found in Appendix A. The following is a
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`brief summary of my relevant qualifications and professional experience.
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`12. Throughout my career, I have designed, developed, and deployed
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`computing systems and products related to distributed computing systems. As such,
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`I have acquired expertise and am an expert in the areas of distributed computing
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`architecture and design, distributed data management, web-based commerce, mobile
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`payment techniques, and various programming languages used in the development
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`of those systems and products.
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`13.
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`I have several relevant professional experiences that demonstrate my
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`expertise with systems developed to operate in World Wide Web computing
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`environments deployed over the Internet. For example, in the 1998 to 2000 time
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`period, I served as the CTO for Sicommnet: an e-Commerce Internet start-up. The
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`firm developed a product that specialized in procurement for public agencies over
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`the Internet. For another example, in the 2001-2002 time period, I was the Chief
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`Technology Officer of Networld Exchange Inc. In both assignments, I was
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`responsible for the design, development and deployment of a suite of products that
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`
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`Lightspeed Ex. 1002.17
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`

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`delivered e-Commerce functions. These functions were provided over the Internet
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`and included product catalog information display, purchase and/or purchase order
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`creation, order delivery to fulfillment systems, order status reporting, and
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`interoperability with third party inventory and pricing