(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`International Bureau
`
`1111111111111111 IIIIII IIIII IIII I 111111111111111 lllll lllll 11111111111111111111111
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`29 March 2001 (29.03.2001)
`
`PCT
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`WO 01/22351 Al
`
`(51) International Patent Classification 7:
`H04M 11/00, G06F 9/06, H04L 9/00
`
`G06K 9/00,
`
`(71) Applicant and
`(72) Inventor: BLACK, Gerald, R. [US/US]; 30590 South(cid:173)
`field Road, Suite 160, Southfield, MI 48076 (US).
`
`(21) International Application Number: PCT/US00/19652
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`18 July 2000 (18.07.2000)
`
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`English
`
`(81) Designated States (national): AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU,
`AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ,
`DE, DK, DM, DZ, EE, ES, Fl, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR,
`HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR,
`LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ,
`NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, Sl, SK, SL, TJ, TM,
`TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW.
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`60/154,590
`60/163,433
`60/177,390
`09/490,687
`09/535,411
`60/207,892
`
`17 September 1999 (17.09.1999)
`3 November 1999 (03.11.1999)
`20 January 2000 (20.01.2000)
`24 January 2000 (24.01.2000)
`24 March 2000 (24.03.2000)
`25 May 2000 (25.05.2000)
`
`US
`US
`US
`US
`US
`US
`
`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (GH, GM,
`KE, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZW), Eurasian
`patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), European
`patent (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, Fl, FR, GB, GR, IE,
`TT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OAPT patent (BF, BJ, CF, CG,
`Cl, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`[Continued on next page}
`
`(54) Title: IDENTfI'Y AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
`
`(57) Abstract: The identity authentication system (Figure
`8) employs biometric technology to ensure the integrity
`of electronic transactions and networks.
`Positioned
`at the center of the system is a wireless device (15),
`which includes a biometric sensor (20) that captures
`one or more biometric properties when touched. When
`fingerprint sensors are used, the sensors are positioned
`in the stylus grip (30), one sensor for the index finger,
`and a second sensor for the thumb.
`In one variation,
`one-to-one biometric matching is used. Each participant
`carries a wireless device that includes an encrypted
`biometric for reference purposes to gain access into the
`system. Processing is simplified since the system needs
`only to make a "MATCH" or "NO MATCH" decision. In
`a second variation that is particularly useful in controlled
`environments, one-to many biometric matching is used.
`During each event access request, the community of the
`reference prints is searched for a match with the applicant.
`Each member of the community needs to carry nothing
`on one's person to participate in the system.
`In either
`variation, the stylus is either attached to each site or is
`portable, one such stylus being carried by each participant.
`
`BB
`
`User presents wireless pen.
`Cqpture ptm reference number.
`
`Errol" Message
`"UNREGISTEl'IED PEN"
`
`Error Message
`"COUNTERFEIT PEN''
`
`l:rror Mtiissaye
`"PEN ALTERATION"
`
`Effor Message
`'BAO SENSED PRINT"
`
`Error Message
`"PRINTS OON'r MATCH"
`
`Error Message
`"INSUFFICIENT FUNDS"
`
`Debit user's account.
`Credit merchemt's ar:count.
`Save record of tnmnction.
`
`Capture account data from card.
`Save account data in pen.
`
`POS TRANSACT/ON
`WI PEN-CONVERSION
`
`iiiiiiiiiiii
`
`--iiiiiiiiiiii
`iiiiiiiiiiii -iiiiiiiiiiii -----
`
`iiiiiiiiiiii
`iiiiiiiiiiii
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`1111111111111111 IIIIII IIIII IIII I 111111111111111 lllll lllll 11111111111111111111111
`
`Published:
`With international search report.
`Before the expiration of the time limit for amending the
`claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of
`amendments.
`
`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid(cid:173)
`ance Notes on Codes and Abbreviations" appearing at the begin(cid:173)
`ning of each regular issue of the PCT Gazette.
`
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`IDENTITY AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
`
`This Application is related to and claims priority under U.S. Provisional
`Application No. 60/207,892 entitled "Identity Authentication System and
`Method" filed on May 25, 2000, U.S. Provisional Application No. 09/535,411
`entitled "Method for Identity Authentication" filed on March 24, 2000, U.S.
`Serial No 09/490, 687 entitled Writing Implement For Identity Authentication
`System" Filed. 20 January 2000, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/177,390
`
`entitled Writing Implement For Identity Authentication System" filed 20
`January 2000, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/163,433, entitled rrwriting
`
`Implement For Identity Authentication System" filed 11 November 1999, U.S.
`Provisional Application No. 60/154,590 entitled "Writing Implement for
`
`Identification Authentication System" filed 17 September 1999, U.S. Provisional
`Application No. 60/144,028 entitled "Biometric Pen And Encryption Device"
`filed 16 July 1999.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`the
`for authenticating
`to a method
`relates generally
`invention
`The
`identification of a person using biometric means, and more particularly, for use
`
`at point-of-sale terminals, for use in various closed environments, for accessing
`a computer network, for applications involving pen-based computers and smart(cid:173)
`
`pens, and for e-commerce.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`Wireless (e.g., radio, infrared, microwave) communication links now enable
`computer systems comprised of handheld computers that have the capability of
`being networked at all times and in all locations. These handheld computers
`
`represent is the strongest trend in the computer industry, and wireless
`communication is one · of the strongest trends in the telecommunication
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`industry. Also, in palm and pocket computers the input device is a pen' and
`the screen is the paper. The learning curve is minimal compared to a laptop.
`This is significant for non-computer users who otherwise would have to
`concentrate more on learning how to use the laptop than doing their jobs.
`
`The global workforce is increasingly mobile and pen-based computing is on the
`rise. Smart handheld devices are emerging from the realm of individual
`purchases to enterprise deployment, as they become key tools for connectivity
`to the corporate environment. Development of handheld applications and
`
`wireless technology tailored for the enterprise represent are serving the
`increasing the remote and mobile worker population.
`
`Widespread acceptance of biometrics means use in areas that daily affect the
`
`lives of millions of people. By replacing PIN's, biometric techniques prevent the
`unauthorized access to or fraudulent use of ATMs, cellular phones, smart cards,
`desktop PC's, workstations, and computer networks, For financial transactions
`
`conducted via telephone and wire, biometrics .can replace Pl N's and passwords.
`
`In buildings and work areas, biometric techniques replace keys, badges, and
`readers.
`
`An example of a rapidly growing biometric technology, fingerprints offer an
`
`infallible means of personal identification and are rich in information content.
`The use of fingerprints for identification dates back many decades, but gained
`wide acceptance about 100 years ago. Fingerprints are the biometric that form
`
`the basis of all worldwide identification. Fingerprints don't change with time
`
`while other physical characteristics do. Fingerprint minutiae uniquely identify
`fingerprints. It has been proven that minutiae, were unchanging and repeatable
`
`features of each fingerprint, and were individually unique. Each finger has a
`
`unique arrangement of ridge detail. There are two major types of information
`in a fingerprint. First is the ridge flow information, and second is the specific
`
`features or minutiae (minutia) of the fingerprint. As used herein, the term
`
`2
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`'minutia is used to denote both the singular and plural. Fingerprints uniquely
`identify an individual based on their information content. Information is
`represented in a fingerprint by the minutia and their relative topological
`relationships. The number of minutiae in a fingerprint varies from one finger to
`another, but, on average, there is between eighty (80) and one-hundred-and(cid:173)
`fifty (150) points of minutia per fingerprint. In the fingerprint context, a large
`store of fingerprints exists in law enforcement offices around the country. Since
`fingerprints never change, a person need only be fingerprinted once to be in
`the system.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,680,470 (Moussa et al.) discloses a method of signature
`authentication involving a set of template signatures that are examined for test
`features, which are normalized, and irrelevant features are removed. Similarly,
`U.S. Patent No. 5,559,895 (Lee et al.) discloses a system for real time signature
`authentication where the signatures are digitized for statistical analysis and
`various personal features are selected.
`
`Current stylus-type authentication systems use metric-type sensors
`-
`accelerometers and pressure sensors to measure stylus pressure and stroke
`
`sweep in the users' signature. U.S Patent No. 5,774,571 (Marshall) discloses a
`stylus with multiple sensors for biometric authentication including grip pressure
`sensors and gyroscopes. U.S. Patent No. 4,513,437 (Chainer et al.) discloses
`input stylus for signature authentication, which
`includes
`another data
`accelerometers and pressure sensors. U.S. Patent No. 5, 247,137 (Epperson)
`discloses a stylus that enables biometric identification by means of comparison
`of graphics data and textural data from a remote location. The stylus also
`captures strokes and gestures, which can also be used for confirming
`identification. U.S. Patent 5,103,486 (Grippi) discloses a system for using a
`combination of biometrics at POS terminals. Prisms are used to capture the
`
`fingerprint of the index finger while the individual signs his/her name. The
`
`fingerprint image and the signature are processed to form a composite
`
`3
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`representative for comparison with information shown on a credit card for
`processing of commercial transactions.
`
`Several trends are fueling the demand for wireless Internet access: (a) The
`Internet has become essential to business people. Internet penetration in the
`U.S. is expected to grow from 27.4 percent of the population in 1998 to 46
`percent in 1999; (b) Both personal and business schedules are filled with
`appointments, meetings and errands that require increased mobility; (c)
`Professionals have information addiction and need access to mission critical
`information to survive in a highly competitive marketplace; and (d) Being away
`from the office is no longer an excuse for being non-productive. The handheld
`computer market will grow from 3 million units to over 13 million by 2001 and
`will exceed desktop unit sales by 2004. As technology recedes into the
`background of our lives, new approaches to computing are needed. Computers
`provide seamless access to a variety of data and allow each person to perform
`tasks as needed, where needed.
`
`Great reliance has been placed upon signature recognition to authenticate
`identity in many conventional commercial transactions. However,
`in e(cid:173)
`commerce, a signature is a behavioral biometric that is affected by numerous
`factors - including, mood, stress, fatigue, time of day, and the time since the
`person woke up. As such, the signature alone it is not particularly reliable in
`transactions that are not face-to-face. Credit card theft in F-commerce is a
`real danger as the New York limes reports this month that a man believed to be
`living in Russia or Eastern Europe claims to have captured over 300,000 card
`numbers from transactions over the Internet.
`
`What is needed is a pen-based computer system that enables an event to occur
`only when identity has been authenticated, the system employing state-of-the(cid:173)
`art sensors that (a) that can be used for identity authentication in commercial
`
`transactions (at POS terminals or in e-commerce) in a nonobtrusive manner; (b)
`
`4
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`can authenticate identity continually to ensure that the person seeking access
`to any and all information has pre-approved authorization for such access; and
`(c) can authenticate identity continually to ensure that the person seeking to
`enter any and all data has pre-approved authorization for such access.
`
`What is needed is a system that is compatible in controlled environments
`(whether networks or closed structures) where the size of the community is
`limited for confirmation of event access; a system that enables the use of
`biometric sensors in a broad range of applications while eliminating the need
`for separate biometric sensors and units with wiring that would otherwise need
`to be integrated into the existing systems; that is user friendly, nonobtrusive to
`use, virtually impregnable to criminals, enables authorized access to certain
`transactions while barring unauthorized access, and can be readily adapted to
`include a variety of pen-based applications
`
`What is needed is a pen-based system that is compatible with encryption
`technology so that event access is confirmed locally (a) eliminating most
`privacy concerns; (b) simplifying system logic while improving system speed,
`and (c) reducing the complexity and cost of the biometric sensors. What is
`needed is a pen-based system that will provide users with the privacy that they
`want while ensuring the integrity of their accounts, personal data, and their
`name; a pen-based system that requires no hardware at a POS terminal other
`than a stylus; a pen-based system that will significantly reduce transaction
`time; and a system for confirming personal identification that s reliable and
`actually discourages thieves.
`
`What is needed is a system for empowering the full potential of global e(cid:173)
`commerce, that is simple to use, that provides authentication with certainty
`without compromising individual privacy, and that virtually ensures that the
`person is who the person represents that he/she is, and is authorized to
`represent the organization. What is needed is a wireless pen-based computing
`
`5
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`system that combines the data capture capability of a text-capture smart-pens
`with the data access/retrieval capabilities of a pen-based computer; a smart(cid:173)
`pen that is compatible with a pen-based computer systems enabling data
`exchange with the pen-based computer, while used as the stylus for the pen(cid:173)
`based computer.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The method for authenticating identity of the present invention addresses
`these needs and revolutionizes the nature of pen-based event access.
`Positioned at the center of the process is a stylus with any of a number of
`biometric properties or their combination or with one or more metric sensors,
`while the user signs his/her name, or even for writing anything. The identity
`authentication process of the present invention can be used at P05 terminals,
`in various controlled environments,
`to access a computer network, in
`applications involving pen-based computers and smart-pens, for e-commerce,
`conventional writing implements, and multi-purpose writing implements.
`
`The biometric properties that can be captured include, but are not limited to,
`fingerprints (fingerprint sensors), voice recognition (e.g. - microphone), facial
`imaging (e.g. - camera), and DNA and other biotech properties (e.g. - cell
`capture/analysis sensors). Metric properties include, but are not limited to,
`grip and point pressure (e.g. - pressure sensors), position of the index finger
`relative to the point, position of the thumb relative to the index finger (e.g. -
`thermal sensors), angle of the stylus during usage (e.g. - a gyroscope), speed of
`signing (e.g. - a timer), increases and decreases of speed during signing (e.g. -
`an accelerometer). The stylus is either tethered (attached) to each site or is
`portable, one such stylus being carried by each user.
`
`In a first preferred embodiment of the identity authentication process of the
`
`present invention, one-to-many biometric matching is used. This embodiment is
`
`6
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`particularly useful in controlled environments such as hotels, hospitals, and
`military bases, where the size of the community is limited. One or more
`biometrics (with or without metrics) are captured for reference purposes during
`registration. During each event access request, the community of reference
`prints is searched for a match with the user. Each member of the community
`need carry nothing on his/her user to participate in the system.
`
`In a second preferred embodiment of the identity authentication process of the
`present invention, one-to-one biometric matching is used. This embodiment
`requires each user to carry on his/her user a device that includes an encrypted
`reference biometric for reference purposes to gain access into the system. The
`encryption device can be the stylus, a card, a stylus insert (as herein
`described), or a device carried on a key-chain. Processing speeds for this
`embodiment considerably faster than the first preferred embodiment, since the
`system need only make a "MATCH" or ffNO MATCH" decision. While the
`processing can occur at a central computer, it is preferred that the matching
`logic is at the access site, inside a smart card, or inside a smart pen to
`
`minimize privacy. concerns.
`
`One preferred application for the identity authentication process of the present
`invention involves pen-based computing systems. Pen-based computer systems
`are ideal for applications which require: (1) highly portable devices that are no
`longer constrained by a keyboard; (2) intuitive features that resemble an
`environment familiar to the users; (3) improved efficiency that enables
`accurate data collection and manipulation; and (4) flexibility that enables a
`wide variety of types of data entry. Several applications of the identity
`authentication system of the present invention include:
`
`Nurses and doctors can track and record patient histories as they make their
`rounds, using clipboard-like computers and pens to access and enter patient
`
`information over a wireless network from servers throughout the hospital.
`
`7
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`Insurance claims adjusters can assess automobile damages on site, looking up
`relevant cost information with the pen, then printing the estimate and writing
`a check to the repair shop at the end of the visit. Sales representatives can
`track inventory and the effect of promotional campaigns in retail stores, using
`a pen computer. At the end of the day, the information is transmitted through
`a phone line back to headquarters.
`
`Another premier application of the identity authentication process of the
`present invention involves P05 terminals with either one or two fingerprint
`sensors disposed within the stylus. The stylus enables signature authentication
`at POS terminals, either with credit-type cards, or in lieu of such cards. The
`user signs his/her name using the biometric stylus. The prints are again
`captured and compared to the prints of all registrants in search of a match.
`Once the financial institution confirms that there are sufficient funds in the
`account, the amount is debited from the account, and the transaction is
`approved.
`
`The stylus enables the conversion at P05 terminals when used to authenticate
`signatures. A cardholder can transfer funds into a new account at a P05
`terminal by use of a credit card at a POS terminal by using the stylus of the
`present invention. The cardholder swipes his/her card through the cardreader
`and signs and prints his/her name using the stylus of the present invention. The
`prints are captured and the cardholder advises the credit card financial
`institution of the amount to be transferred. Account information is exchanged
`and the card is not needed next time.
`
`Registration using the identity authentication process of the present invention
`is similar to opening a new bank account. Initially, the user registers by using
`the stylus. The applicant provides
`the
`financial institution with basic
`information; name, address, phone number, and signature. The only difference
`
`is that the stylus of the present invention enables the capture of biometric data
`
`8
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`while the applicant signs his/her name. Another way to register at POS
`terminals is to replace styluses currently used for signature authentication with
`the biometric pens of the present invention. Once the prints are initially
`captured, the card isn't needed. The next time the cardholder wants to access
`the same account, only a signature is needed. Of course, the cardholder can
`also continue to use the card.
`
`Styli with metric sensors and signature authentication systems are already
`beginning to appear at some P05 terminals. These styluses do not capture
`fingerprints, but rather are used only for purposes of signature authentication.
`Initially, the system of the present invention will authenticate signatures
`replacing these styluses. Next, the use of credit and debit cards will become
`optional.
`
`As used herein, unless the specific context suggests otherwise, the following
`terms are defined as set forth below:
`
`"Biometrics" refers to a method of identification of a person based on
`personal physiological or behavioral characteristics. This approach reduces
`to
`the problem of identifying physical
`the problem of identification
`characteristics of the person. The characteristics are either a person's
`physiological
`traits, (e.g.
`--
`fingerprints, and hand geometry) or her
`behavioral characteristics (e.g. -- voice and signature).
`The primary
`advantage of such an identification method over the methods of identification
`utilizing 11something that you possesses or 11something that you know"
`approach is that a biometrics cannot be misplaced or forgotten and represent
`a tangible component of 11something that you are." Such properties are
`Biometric
`preferably, unique, permanent, universal, and collectable.
`properties are generally distinguished herein (as used with a stylus, for
`example) from metric sensors such as grip pressure, stylus speed, or grip
`
`position.
`
`9
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`"Electronic commerce" applies to a variety of transactions over the Internet
`or Internet, as well as other types of networks where controlled access must
`be monitored to ensure data integrity.
`
`A "transaction" is a commercial transaction for the acquisition of goods or
`services at a POS terminal or remotely through a computer network. The
`term also includes access to network data and entry of network data.
`
`A ''wireless device" refers to· a stylus, a stylus attached to a pen-based
`computer, a stylus not attached to a pen-based computer but compatible with
`the pen-based computer, and a smartcard.
`
`A "controlled environment" is a community of people that: (1) requires
`registration to become a part of the community; and (2) where identity
`authentication is needed to confirm membership within the community.
`There are commercial controlled environments (e.g. - hotels, banks) and non(cid:173)
`commercial controlled environments (e.g.
`- hospitals, schools, office
`computer networks). A "controlled environment" does not require a single
`physical structure, but also
`includes a network of related activities
`administered by a centralized driver.
`
`For a more complete understanding of the identification authentication system
`and method of the present invention, reference is made to the following
`detailed description and accompanying drawings in which the presently
`preferred embodiments of the invention are shown by way of example. As the
`invention may be embodied in many forms without departing from spirit of
`essential characteristics thereof, it is expressly understood that the drawings
`are for purposes of illustration and description only, and are not intended as a
`definition of the limits of the invention. Throughout the description, like
`
`reference numbers refer to the same component throughout the several views.
`
`10
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIGURE 1 A discloses the preferred embodiment of the multi-purpose stylus of
`the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 1 B discloses a preferred embodiment of a functional block diagram of
`the identity authentication system of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 2A discloses a writing stylus with fingerprint sensors for use in the
`
`system of the present invention with a built-in grip;
`
`FIGURE 2B discloses a section of the writing stylus shown in FIGURE 2A taken
`
`along 2A-2A;
`
`FIGURE 3A discloses a preferred embodiment of the writing stylus with grip for
`
`use in the system of the present invention with a built-in grip;
`
`FIGURE 3B discloses the print images obtained from the print imaging sensors in
`
`the system of the present invention with a built-in grip;
`
`FIGURE 3B discloses the print images obtained from the print imaging sensors in
`the writing stylus of FIGURE 3A;
`
`FIGURES 3C and 3D disclose additional embodiments of the stylus,
`
`the
`
`fingerprint sensor being disposed within an insert positioned on the click-button
`on the top distal end of stylus having a retractable point;
`
`FIGURE 4A discloses an assembly view of one preferred embodiment of the
`
`stylus of the present invention with the fingerprint sensor configuration in the
`
`top of the stylus;
`
`11
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`FIGURES 4B, 4C, and 4D disclose various grip configurations, which provide
`alignment of the print sensors with the index finger and thumb;
`
`FIGURES 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E disclose various grip configurations that are
`compatible with conventional styluses and pencils, the grip including a cord
`
`connection to the writing surface, and sensors being incorporated into the grip;
`
`FIGURE 6 discloses a simplified logic diagram of one embodiment of the identity
`
`authentication system of the present invention, demonstrating how a user
`
`registers for participation in the system;
`
`FIGURES 7 A and 7B disclose a simplified logic diagram of one embodiment of
`the identity authentication system of the present invention demonstrating how
`
`the user accesses an event in the system;
`
`FIGURES 8 discloses a simplified logic diagram for use with the identity
`
`authentication system of the present invention, enabling a user to convert from
`a card-based transaction system to a pen-based transaction system without the
`
`need for any cards in subsequent transactions;
`
`FIGURES 9 discloses a payment selector used by a user to select which account
`the transaction is to be paid from in another variation of the identity
`
`authentication system of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 10 discloses a keypad for use with a digitizing surface to enable data
`entry such as a primary identifier for use with the identity authentication
`
`system of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 11 discloses another preferred embodiment of a simplified process flow
`
`path for identity authentication using the biometric identification system of the
`
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`present invention;
`
`FIGURE 12A and 12B disclose a first preferred embodiment of the stylus insert
`
`of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 13A and 13B disclose a second preferred embodiment of the stylus
`
`insert of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 14A, 14B and 14C disclose a third preferred embodiment of the stylus
`
`insert of the present invention;
`
`FIGURE 15A and 15B disclose a fourth preferred embodiment of the stylus insert
`
`of the present invention;
`
`Figure 16 shows the identity authentication system of the present invention as
`
`incorporated into a smart pen;
`
`FIGURE 17 A, 17B, and 17C show the stylus system of the present invention as
`
`used various configurations of pen-based computers, including (a) a laptop
`
`computer,
`
`(b) a palm-type computer; and
`
`(c) a hand-held computer,
`
`respectively;
`
`Figure 18 shows the identity authentication system of the present invention in
`
`an e-commerce application being used when the user signs his/her name;
`
`FIGURE 19 shows the identity authentication system of the present invention as
`
`used
`
`in a multi-purpose application,
`
`including a conventional pen, a
`
`conventional pencil, and a stylus for use with a pen based computer;
`
`FIGURE 20A discloses still yet another preferred embodiment of the identity
`
`authentication system of the present invention, the stylus being foldable into a
`
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`card, the card having an IC chip with an encrypted biometric print and
`biometric print sensors embedded in the card, the card-pen being compatible
`with conventional card readers, the card-pen not being foldable lengthwise for
`transformation into a pen; and FIGURE 20B shows the card of FIGURE 20A after
`folding for use as a stylus.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`
`the preferred
`terms
`the broadest
`in
`Referring now to the drawings,
`embodiment of the identity authentication system used with the process of the
`present invention, as shown in FIGURE 1 comprises a stylus 15 with biometric
`
`sensors 20 disposed in a grip 30, and a computer processing unit 40.
`
`As used herein unless the context indicates otherwise, a "stylus" is any device
`
`that is compatible with either the hand or finger of the user for purposes of
`making a marking on an essentially flat surface. While the drawings depict a
`conventional shape of a stylus, other shapes and designs are also included
`within the scope of the present invention such as any attachment to a finger or
`any implement that can be held with a hand for such purpose. Also, as used
`
`herein unless the context suggests otherwise, the term "fingerprint" refers to
`either the print of the index finger or the thumb. In addition, as used herein
`
`unless the context suggests otherwise, the term "biometric" that are unique to
`the actual physical features of the user including, but are not limited to,
`fingerprints (fingerprint sensors), voice recognition (e.g. -microphone), facial
`imaging (e.g. - camera), and DNA and other biotech properties (e.g. - cell
`capture/analysis sensors). The signature of the user is generally not considered
`to be a biometric, unless otherw