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`Telecommunications
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`© Voice on The Internet & Intranets
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`hy Harry Newton
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`© Windows95,NT, NetWare & Unix Networking
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`» ® Voice Processing @ Carrier Telephony
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`SAMSUNG 1030
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`NEWTON’s TELECOM DICTIONARY
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`copyright © 1998 Harry Newton
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`All rights reserved underInternational and Pan-American Copyright conventions, including the right to reproducethis book or
`portions thereof
`in any form whatsoever.
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`Published in the United States by
`Flatiron Publishing,
`a division of Miller Freeman, Inc.
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`Tenth floor
`12 West 21 Street
`NewYork, NY 10010
`242-691-8215 Fax 212-691-1191
`1-800-999-0345 and 1-800-LIBRARY
`email: Harry_Newton@email.msn.com
`personal website: www.harrynewton.com
`dictionary sales site: www.telecombooks.com
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`Fourteenth Expanded and Updated Edition
`Cover Design by Saul Roldan
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`Printed at Command Web, Secaucus, New Jersey
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`www.commandweb.com
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`ISBN Number 1-57820-023-7
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`March,
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`1998
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`Manufactured in the United States of America
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`Faxa
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`a
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`505
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`s, the method of assigning extension numbers and
`the ITU-T’s HO switched digital network standard, which was
`gnations at the local premises.
`expanded into the Px64 or H.261 standard, approved in 1990.
`‘ing Plam Area
`NPA. A fancy term the Bell
`NXX In a seven digit local phone number, thefirst three dig-
`me up with years ago to mean Area Codes. See NPA.
`its
`identify the specific telephone company central office
`which serves that number. These digits are referred to as the
`'s Shift A character in the Baudotcode which estab
`the characlers following in the transmission areto be
`NXX whereNcan be any number from 2 to 9 and X can be any
`{as numeric characters. See LETTERS SHIFT.
`number. At one stage, many moons ago, it was not permissi-
`‘ Key PadAseparate section of a computer key-
`ble to have a 1 or a0 as the seconddigit in an NXXand it was
`sh containsall the numerals 0 through 9. Son etimes,
`called an NNX.But that was before everyone had to dial a
`cial keys are included —aplus sign, a minus Sign,
`before making a direct distance dialed long distance call
`ag-
`ation sign and a division sign. The numeric key pad
`whether within their own area code oroutside it This litt
`juter is the sameas that found on calculators and
`trick of forcing everyone to dial “1”for long distance allowe
`ichines. The top row is 789. The secondtop row is
`us to introduce telephone exchanges with the same three dig
`oOT
`ils as area codes. For example, one of our company’s num-
`aird top row is 123. The lowest row is typically 0, “.”
`bers is 212-206-6660. The “206” elsewhere is an area cod
`he numeric key pad is exactly opposite that of the
`telephone keypad, which was designed Geliberately
`for Seattle and other parts of Washington state.
`niliar
`to users, so they may notinput digits into the
`NYNEX Corporation One ofthe seven Regional Holdin
`ephone system faster thanit could take them.Early
`Companies
`formed at Divestiture.
`It includes New Englan
`centraloffices were very slow.
`Telephone and New York Telephone Company and sundr
`‘ User Identifier According to the 1988 X.400
`service and cellular radio companies. The company says |
`dations, a numeric user identifier is a standard
`name is spelled in all capitals, thus NYNEX. The New Yo
`Times spells it Nynex.
`‘
`f an O/R (Originator/Recipient) address that con-
`iyetsiape Nickname for AOL’ less-than-full-featured Web
`unique sequence of numbersfor identifying a user.
`Jser Identifier was referred to as Unique Identifier
`in
`browser.
`_
`scommendations.)
`Nyquist Theorem In communications theory, a formula
`: The French namefor ISDN.
`stating that two samples per cycle is sufficient to characterize
`nym A telephone number that spells a word. For
`an analog signal. In other words, the sampling rate must be
`1-800-542-7279 is
`the telephone for Telecom
`twice the highest frequency component of the signal (..,
`sample 4 KHz analog voice channels 8000times per second.)
`3 company which distributes this dictionary. That
`number is advertised as 1-800-LIBRARY.It is a
`der to have becauseit’s easy to remember, although
`2asy to dial. Numeronymsare in great demand, for
`asons. With the expansion ofthe toll-free dialing
`lude 888 (and other prefixes in the near future), it’s
`‘tant (but
`increasingly difficult)
`to protect those
`om competition. By the way, Telecom Libraryis the
`atest source for technology books on telecommu-
`data communications, video, computer telephony,
`| subjects. The authors are hand-picked for their
`xpertise, as well as their ability to write. These last
`ses are self-serving, but someone has to pay
`my
`tion.
`ir Video On Demand.Providing a consumera mul-
`1 — movie, TV program, etc. — on a rotating
`hus giving the appearance of an on-demandsys-
`JD (Video On Demand).
`ark Voice Protocol. Circa 1973 ARPANETprotocol
`jportreal-time voice over the ARPANET. Both LPC
`ancoding schemes were successfully implemented
`larrison, Inc.,
`the Information SciencesInstitute,
`oratory and Stanford Research Institute.
`Vonvolatile Random Access Memory. RAM that
`1 its memory when you shut the electricity off to it.
`olatile Storage is a storage device,
`like a disk or
`i retains data when you turn off.
`Wireline. Cellular radio licenses received from the
`0 initial association to telephone company. Also
`1S A-Block.
`1 ATM term. This refersto a circuit bandwidth or
`ided by the aggregation of nx64 kbps channels
`nteger> 1). The 64K or DSO channel is the basic
`d by the T Carrier systems.
`by 384. The ITU-T’s approach to creating a stan-
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