MODERN
`DICTIONARY
`of
`ELECTRONICS
`
`SEVENTH EDITION
`
`REVISED AND UPDATED
`
`Rudolf F. Graf
`
`Boston Oxford Auckland
`
`Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi
`
`Newnes
`
`SAMSUNG 1059
`SAMSUNG 1059
`SAMSUNG v. SMART MOBILE
`SAMSUNG v. SMART MOBILE
`IPR2022-01004
`IPR2022-01004
`
`1
`
`

`

`Newnesis an imprint of Butterworth-Heinemann.
`
`Copyright © 1999 by Rudolf F. Graf
`
`QR A memberof the Reed Elsevier Group.
`
`All rights reserved.
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`2000
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
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`.
`
`KEE
`ae
`/
`7507
`4; 7
`/ or7 i QCc’ 2/
`
`ph.
`
`¢
`
`Graf, Rudolf F.
`Modern dictionary of electronics / Rudolf F. Graf.—7th ed.,
`revised and updated.
`
`p.m,
`ISBN 0-7506-9866-7 (alk. paper)
`1. Electronics — Dictionaries.I. Title:
`TK7804.G67
`1999
`621.381°03 —dc21
`
`99-17889
`
`cr
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`2
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`

`

`71
`
`block address — blocking oscillator
`complete records, or part of a record. 8. A string of data
`blocked resistance —Resistance of an audio-
`elements that is recorded or transmitted as a unit. 9, In
`frequency transducer when its moving elements are
`word processing, a selected section of characters. In data
`restrained so they cannot move; it represents the resis-
`management, a group of records. In communications, a
`tance due only to electrical loss.
`fixed batch of data that is transferred together.
`blockette— In digital computer programming, a sub-
`block address—A method of identifying words
`group, or subdivision, of a group of consecutive machine
`wordstransferred as a unit.
`through use of an address that specifies the format and
`meaning of the words in the block of information.
`block gap—1. Anarea used to indicate the end of
`a block or record on a data medium. 2. An absence of
`block cancel character—A character used to
`signify that the preceding portion of the block is to be
`data along a specified length of magnetic tape between
`disregarded. Also called block ignore character.
`adjacent blocksof data.
`block code—A special code or character used to
`block-grid
`keying—A method of keying a
`continuous-wave transmitter by operating the amplifier
`separate blocks of data. A block code is used typically
`stage as an electronic switch. During the spacing interval
`on paper tape and generally occurs at both the beginning
`whenthe keyis open,the bias on the control grid becomes
`and end of a block. Thus, the information on a paper
`highly negative and prevents the flow of plate current so
`tape containing a numberof blocks would bestarted by a
`that the tube has no output. During the marking interval
`block code, there would be a block code between adjacent
`whenthekeyis closed, this bias is removed and full plate
`blocks, and the data would be ended bya block code.
`current flows.
`block diagram—1. A diagram in which the essen-
`block ignore character—See block cancel char-
`tial systems units are drawn asblocks, andtheir relation-
`acter.
`ship to each otheris indicated by appropriately connected
`blocking — 1. Application of an extremely high-bias
`lines. The path ofthe signal or energy may beindicated by
`voltage to a transistor, vacuum tube, or metallic rectifier
`lines or arrows. 2. In computer programming, a graphical
`to prevent current from flowing in the forward direction.
`representation of the data-processing procedures within
`2. Combining two or more records into one block. 3. A
`the system.It is used by programmersasanaid to pro-
`condition in a switching system in which no paths or
`gram development. 3. A diagram in which a system or
`circuits are available to complete a call, resulting in a
`computer program is represented by annotated boxes and
`busy tone returnedto the calling party. A denial or busy
`interconnecting lines. Synonym:flowchart. 4. A chart that
`condition.
`graphically depicts the functional relationships of hard-
`blocking capacitor — 1. A capacitor that introduces
`ware making up a system. The block diagram servesto
`a comparatively high series impedance for limiting the
`indicate the variousdata and control signal paths between
`flow of low-frequency alternating and direct current
`functional units of the system hardware. 5. A drawing in
`without materially affecting the flow of high-frequency
`which circuit functions are represented as blocksof vari-
`alternating current. 2. A capacitor used to block direct
`ous geometries.
`current while allowing an alternating current of certain
`block downconversion— Theprocess of lowering
`frequencies to pass.
`an entire band of frequenciesin one step to someinterme-
`diate range to be processed by a receiver. Multiple block
`downconversion receivers are capable of independently
`selecting channels because each can process the entire
`block of signals.
`block downconverter— 1. A device that converts
`an entire band(e.g., the 3.7—4.2 GHz C-band) down to
`a lower band of frequencies. 2. A type of downconverter
`that changes the microwave signal into an IF frequency
`that containsall the transponderfrequencies (channels)of
`the satellite. The block downconverter allows inexpensive
`multiple receivers to tuneall the channels simultaneously
`using one central downconverter—an advantage when
`Using multiple receivers with a single antenna.
`blocked impedance —Theinput impedance of a
`transducer when its output
`is connected to a load of
`infinite impedance.
`
`blocking layer — See depletion layer.
`blocking oscillator — Also called squegging oscil-
`lator. 1. An electron-tube oscillator that operates intermit-
`tently asits grid bias increases during oscillation to a point
`
`Vec
`
`Blocking capacitor.
`
`SPEAKER
`
`
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`
`
`POWER
`SUPPLY
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`Block diagram, 1.
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`3
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