PCI Technology
`Overview
`February 2003
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`February 2003
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`Page 1
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`Netlist Ex 2029
`Samsung v Netlist
`IPR2022-00996
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`
`Overview
`February 2003
`
`February 2003
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`Page 1
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`Agenda
`(cid:132) History and Industry Involvement
`
`(cid:132) Technology Information
`(cid:131) Conventional PCI
`(cid:131) PCI-X
`(cid:190) 1.0
`(cid:190) 2.0
`(cid:131) PCI Express
`(cid:131) Other
`
`(cid:132) Digi Products in PCI/PCI-X environments
`
`(cid:132) Q & A
`
`February 2003
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`Q: What does “PCI” mean
`anyway ?
`
`A: Peripheral Component
`Interconnect
`
`February 2003
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`PCI-SIG
`(cid:132) PCI Special Interest Group
`
`(cid:132) Industry organization formed in 1992
`
`(cid:132) Over 900 members
`
`(cid:132) Promotes PCI as an industry-wide standard
`
`(cid:132) Full ownership and management of the
`PCI specifications
`
`(cid:132) Maintains the PCI specifications and
`forward-compatibility of all PCI revisions
`
`February 2003
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`PCI Technology
`
`(cid:132) Conventional PCI
`(cid:190) Initial PCI 1.0 proposal by Intel in 1991
`(cid:190) Introduced by PCI-SIG as PCI 2.0 in 1993
`(cid:190) Version 2.1 approved in 1995
`(cid:190) Recent version 2.3 approved in March 2002
`
`(cid:132) PCI-X
`(cid:190) Version 1.0 approved in September 1999
`(cid:190) Version 2.0 approved in July 2002
`
`(cid:132) PCI Express
`(cid:190) Formerly known as 3GIO
`(cid:190) Version 1.0 approved in July 2002
`
`February 2003
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`Conventional PCI
`
`(cid:132) Plug-and-Play Functionality
`
`(cid:132) Standard PCI is 32 bit and operates at 33 MHz
`(cid:190) Throughput 133 MB/sec
`
`(cid:132) PCI 2.1 introduced
`(cid:132) Universal PCI cards supporting both 3.3V and 5V
`(cid:132) 64 Bit slots and 66 MHz capability
`(cid:190) 32-Bit throughput @ 66 MHz: 266 MB/sec
`(cid:190) 64-Bit throughput @ 66 MHz: 532 MB/sec
`
`(cid:132) PCI 2.3 system no longer supports 5V-only adapters
`(cid:190) 3.3V and Universal PCI products are still fully supported !
`
`February 2003
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`32-Bit vs 64-Bit Slots/Boards
`
`5V 32-Bit
`Slot
`
`3.3V 32-Bit
`Slot
`
`3.3V 64-Bit
`Slot
`
`5V 64-Bit
`Slot
`
`(cid:27) 32-Bit PCI boards
`can be used in
`64-bit slots !
`
`32-Bit Cards
`
`Universal PCI 3.3V & 5V
`
`PCI 3.3V
`
`PCI 5V
`
`64-Bit Cards
`
`Universal PCI 3.3V & 5V
`
`PCI 3.3V
`
`PCI 5V
`
`February 2003
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`PCI-X 1.0
`(cid:132) Based on existing PCI architecture
`
`(cid:132) 64-Bit slots with support for 3.3V and Universal PCI
`(cid:190) No support for 5V-only boards !
`
`(cid:132) Fully backwards-compatible
`(cid:190) Conventional 33/66 MHz PCI adapters can be used
`in PCI-X slots
`(cid:190) PCI-X adapters can be used in conventional PCI slots
`
`(cid:132) Provides two speed grades: 66 MHz and 133 MHz
`(cid:190) The slowest board dictates the maximum speed on
`a particular bus !
`
`(cid:132) Targeted at high-end data networking and
`storage network applications
`
`February 2003
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`PCI-X 2.0
`
`(cid:132) Based on PCI-X 1.0
`(cid:190) Still fully backwards-compatible
`
`(cid:132) Introduces ECC (Error Correction Codes)
`mechanism to improve robustness and data integrity
`
`(cid:132) Provides two additional speed grades
`(cid:190) PCI-X 266: 266 MHz (2.13 GB/sec)
`(cid:190) PCI-X 533: 533 MHz (4.26 GB/sec)
`
`(cid:132) Bandwidth sufficient to support new breed
`of cutting-edge technologies
`(cid:190) 10 Gigabit Ethernet / Fiber Channel
`(cid:190) 4X / 12X InfiniBand
`
`February 2003
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`PCI / PCI-X Performance vs Demand
`
`Gb Fiber Ch
`10 Gb Fiber Ch
`2 Gb Fiber Ch
`Dual U320 SCSCI
`Gb Ethernet
`4x InfiniBand
`1x InfiniBand
`10 Gb Ethernet
`U160 SCSCI
`U320 SCSCI
`PCI-X 100
`PCI-X 133
`PCI-X 266
`PCI-X 533
`PCI-X 66
`
`4.50
`4.00
`3.50
`3.00
`2.50
`2.00
`1.50
`1.00
`0.50
`0.00
`PCI 32/33
`PCI 64/66
`PCI 64/33
`
`Gigabyte/sec
`
`Source: PCI-SIG
`
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`PCI-X Speed Limitations
`(cid:132) PCI-X supports point-to-point and multi-drop loads
`
`(cid:132) Highest speed grades are supported exclusively
`with point-to-point loads
`(cid:190) PCI-X 133
`(cid:190) PCI-X 266
`(cid:190) PCI-X 533
`
`(cid:132) Two PCI-X 133 loads operate at 100 MHz
`
`(cid:132) Four loads operate at a maximum of 66 MHz
`
`(cid:132) OEMs can build connector-less systems with
`multiple loads utilizing high speed grades
`
`February 2003
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`PCI-X Speed Limitations
`Memory Controller
`
`Multi-Drop
`
`PCI-X Bridge
`
`PCI-X Bridge
`
`PCI-X Bridge
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`PCI-X Slot
`
`(cid:102) Maximum speed
`133 / 266 / 533 MHz
`
`(cid:102) Maximum speed
`100 MHz
`
`(cid:102) Maximum speed
`66 MHz
`
`February 2003
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`Point-to-Point
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`PCI-X Speed Limitations
`
`Example: Dell PowerEdge 2600 w/Intel E7500 Chipset
`
`Specifications
`
`Two 64-Bit 133 MHz PCI-X Slots
`Four 64-Bit 100 MHz PCI-X Slots
`One 32-Bit 33 MHz PCI Slot
`
`1 PCI-X Slot @ 133 MHz
`
`1 PCI-X Slot @ 133 MHz
`
`2 PCI-X Slots @ 100 MHz
`
`2 PCI-X Slots @ 100 MHz
`
`1 PCI Slot @ 33 MHz
`
`21
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`Bus 1
`Bus 2
`PCI-X 133 MHz
`1 Slot each
`
`Bus 3
`Bus 4
`PCI-X 100 MHz
`2 Slots each
`
`Bus 5
`PCI
`1 Slot
`
`February 2003
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`The Future of PCI-X
`
`(cid:132) PCI-X 3.0 specification in development
`(cid:190) Expected to become available in late 2004
`
`(cid:132) Backwards-compatible with PCI-X 1.0 / 2.0
`
`(cid:132) PCI-X 1066 will provide 1066 MHz data rate
`with 8.5 GB/sec bandwidth
`
`(cid:132) First application for PCI-X 1066 are 40 Gigabit
`Ethernet adapters with bandwidth requirements
`of 8 Gigabytes per second !
`
`(cid:132) Investigations of PCI-X 2133 are underway
`
`February 2003
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`PCI-X Roadmap
`
`PCI-X
`3.0
`
`PCI-X
`2.0
`
`PCI-X 2133 ?
`
`PCI-X 1066
`
`PCI-X 533
`
`PCI-X 266
`
`PCI-X 133
`
`Source: PCI-SIG
`
`2002
`
`2003
`
`2004
`
`2005
`
`2006
`
`2007
`
`2008
`
`2009
`
`2010
`
`2011
`
`February 2003
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`PCI Express
`
`(cid:132) High-speed point-to-point architecture that
`is essentially a serialized, packetized version of PCI
`
`(cid:132) General purpose serial I/O bus for chip-to-chip
`communication, USB 2.0 / IEEE 1349b interconnects,
`and high-end graphics (cid:102) viable AGP replacement
`
`(cid:132) Bandwidth 4 Gigabit/second full duplex per lane
`(cid:190) Up to 32 separate lanes (cid:102) 128 Gigabit/second
`
`(cid:132) Software-compatible with PCI device driver model
`
`(cid:132) Expected to coexist with and not displace
`technologies like PCI-X in the foreseeable future
`
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`Buzzworthy
`(cid:132) InfiniBand
`(cid:190) Backed by Intel, Sun, Dell, HP and others
`(cid:190) Connects servers with remote storage and
`networking devices, and other servers with throughput
`rates of 2.5 Gigabit/second (1x) to 10 Gigabit/second (4x)
`(cid:190) Will also be used inside servers for inter-processor
`communication (IPC) in parallel clusters
`(cid:132) HyperTransport
`(cid:190) Promoted by AMD, Cisco, Sun and others
`(cid:190) Advanced high-speed, high-performance,
`point-to-point link for integrated circuits
`(cid:190) System interconnect with peak bandwidth of 12.8GB/sec
`(cid:132) RapidIO
`(cid:190) Promoted by IBM, Motorola and others
`(cid:190) Allows chip-to-chip and board-to-board communications at
`performance levels scaling to ten Gigabits per second
`(cid:190) Targeted at embedded world
`
`February 2003
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`Q: Does Digi provide
`PCI-X products ?
`A: No.
`
`Q: Are Digi products
`supported
`in PCI-X systems ?
`A: Absolutely.*
`
`February 2003
`
`* All Universal PCI and 3.3V products
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`Digi and PCI-X
`(cid:132) Extension of the PCI standard providing improved speed,
`bandwidth, and more efficient bus transaction processing
`(cid:132) PCI-X supports both 3.3V-only and Universal PCI boards
`(cid:132) PCI-X does not support 5V-only PCI boards
`
`(cid:102) All of Digi’s Universal PCI adapters work in PCI-X systems !
`
`(cid:132) PCI-X systems allow the use of both PCI and PCI-X cards on
`the same bus, but the slowest PCI card dictates the bus speed
`
`(cid:102) PCI-X performance degradation can be easily avoided by
`separating Digi Universal PCI adapters (33 MHz/32-Bit)
`and high-performance PCI-X adapters using different
`PCI-X bus segments !
`
`February 2003
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`Avoiding Performance Degradation
`
`Example: Dell PowerEdge 2600 w/Intel E7500 Chipset
`
`Specifications
`
`(cid:102) Five independent PCI/PCI-X
`bus interfaces that can be used to
`group adapters by speed/type to
`avoid any performance degradation
`of PCI-X system components !
`
`Bus 1
`Bus 2
`PCI-X 133 MHz
`1 Slot each
`
`Bus 3
`Bus 4
`PCI-X 100 MHz
`2 Slots each
`
`Bus 5
`PCI
`1 Slot
`
`Two 64-Bit 133 MHz PCI-X Slots
`Four 64-Bit 100 MHz PCI-X Slots
`One 32-Bit 33 MHz PCI Slot
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`1 PCI-X Slot @ 133 MHz
`
`1 PCI-X Slot @ 133 MHz
`
`2 PCI-X Slots @ 100 MHz
`
`2 PCI-X Slots @ 100 MHz
`
`1 PCI Slot @ 33 MHz
`
`February 2003
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`Digi and Conventional PCI
`(cid:132) Standard PCI is 32 bit and operates at 33 MHz
`(cid:190) Throughput 133 MB/sec
`(cid:132) PCI 2.1 introduced
`(cid:132) Universal PCI cards supporting both 3.3V and 5V
`(cid:132) 64 Bit slots and 66 MHz capability
`(cid:190) 32-Bit throughput @ 66 MHz: 266 MB/sec
`(cid:190) 64-Bit throughput @ 66 MHz: 532 MB/sec
`(cid:132) PCI 2.3 systems no longer support 5V-only adapters
`(cid:190) 3.3V and Universal PCI products are still fully supported !
`
`(cid:102) Digi’s Universal PCI adapters can be used in all conventional
`PCI systems !
`(cid:102) Digi’s Universal PCI adapters are 32-Bit and operate at 33 MHz !
`(cid:102) Digi Universal PCI adapters can be used in 64-bit PCI slots !
`(cid:102) Same PCI-X performance / bus segmentation approach !
`
`February 2003
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`
`Q: Does Digi provide
`PCI-X products ?
`A: No.
`
`Q: Are Digi products
`supported
`in PCI-X systems ?
`A: Absolutely.*
`
`February 2003
`
`* All Universal PCI and 3.3V products
`Page 22
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`
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