(19) Japan Patent Office (JP)
`
`(12) Japanese Unexamined Patent
`Application Publication (A)
`
`(11) Japanese Unexamined Patent
`Application Publication Number
`
`2000-163539
`(P2000-163539A)
`
`(43) Publication date June 16, 2000
`
`(51) Int. Cl. 7
`
`G06K 19/07
`
`ID Code
`
` FI
`
`Theme Code (Reference)
`
` G06K 19/00
`
`N
`
`5B035
`
`Request for examination: Not yet requested Number of claims: 5 Floppy disk (Total of 7 pages)
`
`(21) Application number
`
`H10-350726
`
`(71) Applicant
`
`(22) Date of application
`
`November 25, 1998
`
`(72) Inventor
`
`(74) Agent
`
`000002897
`DAINIPPON PRINTING CO., LTD.
`1-1-1 ICHIGAYA-KAGACHO, SHINJUKU-KU,
`TOKYO
`
`NOZAWA, Akio
`c/o Dainippon Printing Co., Ltd.
`1-1-1 Ichigaya-Kagacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo
`
`00091476
`Patent Attorney SHIMURA, Hiroshi
`
`F Terms (Reference)
`
`5B035 AA02 AA06 CA11
`
`(54) [TITLE OF THE INVENTION]
`IC Card
`(57) [ABSTRACT]
`[PROBLEM]
`To select efficiently an application program that is to be
`executed.
`[MEANS FOR RESOLUTION]
`A plurality of application programs is stored in an
`EEPROM, and an application selection command is applied
`from a reader/writer device side to select an application to
`be executed, and said application is launched. Each time an
`application is selected, a selection history, including the
`date and time, is recorded in the EEPROM. If a reset signal
`is applied to the CPU from the outside, then, after
`executing a reset signal receiving process (S11), the
`selection history for each application is read in (S12), the
`application that has the most recent selection history is
`selected automatically (S13), and the selection history is
`updated (S14). The result of the automatic selection is sent,
`together with the ATR signal that is the response to the
`reset, to the reader/writer device (S15), and the process
`transitions to a state awaiting a command.
`
`[TOP] Reset
`S11: Reset Signal Receiving Process
`S12: Read in histories for each of the applications.
`S13: Select automatically the application that has the most recent selection
`history.
`S14: Update the selection history.
`S15: Send ATR signal.
`[BOTTOM] To the normal command execution process
`
`SAMSUNG 1005
`
`1
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(2)
`
`[PATENT CLAIMS]
`[CLAIM 1]
`An IC card that has a CPU and a memory, wherein a
`plurality of application programs stored in the memory can
`be executed selectively by the CPU is provided with
`a function wherein a selection history of application
`programs is left in the interior thereof, and wherein a
`specific application program is selected automatically
`based on the selection history at the start of accessing from
`an external device.
`[CLAIM 2]
`An IC card set forth in claim 1, wherein:
`an application program is selected automatically when a
`reset signal has been applied to the CPU.
`[CLAIM 3]
`An IC card set forth in claim 2, wherein:
`information identifying the application program that is
`selected automatically is asserted, together with a response
`signal in respect to the reset signal, to the external device.
`[CLAIM 4]
`An IC card set forth in any of claims 1 through 3,
`wherein:
`the selection history is referenced to select automatically
`the application program that has been selected the most
`recently.
`[CLAIM 5]
`An IC card set forth in any of claims 1 through 3,
`wherein:
`the selection history is referenced to select automatically
`the application program that has the highest selection
`frequency within a prescribed time interval.
`[DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION]
`[0001]
`[FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION]
`The present invention relates to an IC card, and, in
`particular, relates to an IC card that has a CPU and a
`memory, and wherein a plurality of application programs
`stored in the memory can be executed selectively by the
`CPU.
`[0002]
`[PRIOR ART]
`Optical cards and IC cards have started to be used
`broadly instead of the magnetic cards that have been used
`as cash cards and credit cards. In particular, IC cards,
`which have built-in CPUs, have the benefit of enabling use
`in high-value transactions given their ability to secure high
`levels of security.
`[0003]
`At present, ROMs, EEPROMs, and RAMs, as memory,
`are built into the CPU-equipped IC cards that are typically
`used. Normally a basic program that is to be executed by
`the CPU is stored in the ROM, and user data and various
`types of application programs are stored in the EEPROM,
`where the RAM is used as the work area for the CPU.
`Because the EEPROM is rewritable memory, data and
`application programs required for each user can be stored
`there.
`[0004]
`An external device, known as a "reader/writer device," is
`used where writing data and programs to the IC card, or
`when reading out from the IC card. The data and programs
`are sent back and forth through a physical transmission line
`
`
`
`or a non-contact transmission path between the external
`device and the IC card. Normally transmission of
`information from the external device two the IC card is
`through assertion in the form of commands, where the
`various instructions and data are sent to the IC card side as
`information within the commands. In contrast, transmission
`of information from the IC card to the external device is
`asserted in the form of responses, where the processing
`results and data are conveyed to the external device side as
`information within the responses.
`[0005]
`Because the level of integration in memory devices such
`as EEPROMs is constantly improving, in the typical IC
`card of today it has become possible to store multiple
`application programs within an EEPROM. For example, it
`becomes possible to use a single IC card as a medical
`history card, a credit card, and as a gasoline refueling card
`through storing in the EEPROM, and selectively executing,
`multiple application programs for different purposes, such
`as, respectively, a program for medical diagnostics, a
`program for credit transactions, a program for paying for
`gasoline, and the like.
`[0006]
`[PROBLEM SOLVED BY THE PRESENT INVENTION]
`It is anticipated that the forms of use for IC cards will
`become increasingly diverse in the future, so the use
`method will be generalized so as to select and execute a
`required application program from among multiple
`application programs that have been stored in advance.
`Because of this, an operation is necessary to first select one
`of the application programs when connecting the IC card to
`the external device to start accessing the IC card. Normally
`the selection operation is carried out by asserting an
`application selection command from the external device
`side. For example, if an IC card on which the three types of
`applications, described above, are stored is inserted into an
`external device (a reader/writer device) that is equipped in
`a hospital, and operation would be necessary to assert an
`application selection command to select the medical
`diagnostics program to the IC card from the outside. On the
`IC card side, a process is carried out based on the
`application selection command to place, into a selected
`state, a specific application program that has been
`designated, and a process is carried out to transmit, to the
`external device, a response indicating that the selection has
`been completed. Upon receipt of the transmission of this
`response, the external device is then able to assert the
`actual command (a command relating to the medical
`diagnostics program) to the IC card side.
`[0007]
`In this way, in an IC card of a type wherein there is
`selective execution of multiple application programs, a
`series of operations is necessary to select the specific
`application program at the start of access from the outside.
`However, such a process for selecting an application is not
`necessarily efficient. In particular, because a serial
`transmission method that uses a single line is used in
`transmission of signals between the external device and the
`IC card, some amount of time is required in the process of
`transmitting the command, performing the selection
`process within the IC card, and transmitting the response,
`
`2
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(3)
`
`inevitably resulting in latency before the actual operation
`can be started.
`[0008]
`Given this, the object of the present invention is to
`provide an IC card wherein an application program that is
`to be executed can be selected efficiently.
`[0009]
`[MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM]
`(1) A first aspect of the present invention is an IC card
`that has a CPU and a memory, wherein a plurality of
`application programs stored in the memory can be executed
`selectively by the CPU is provided with a function wherein
`a selection history of application programs is left in the
`interior thereof, and wherein a specific application program
`is selected automatically based on the selection history at
`the start of accessing from an external device.
`[0010]
`(2) A second aspect of the present invention is that, in
`the IC card according to the first aspect, set forth above, an
`application program is selected automatically when a reset
`signal has been applied to the CPU.
`[0011]
`(3) A third aspect of the present invention is that, in the
`IC card according to the first second, set forth above,
`information identifying the application program that is
`selected automatically is asserted, together with a response
`signal in respect to the reset signal, to the external device.
`[0012]
`(4) A fourth aspect of the present invention is that, in the
`IC card according to the first through third aspects, set forth
`above, the selection history is referenced to select
`automatically the application program that has been
`selected the most recently.
`[0013]
`(5) A fifth aspect of the present invention is that, in the
`IC card according to the first through third aspects, set forth
`above, the selection history is referenced to select
`automatically the application program that has the highest
`selection frequency within a prescribed time interval.
`[0014]
`[EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION]
`The present invention will be explained below based on
`the embodiments that are illustrated. FIG. 1 is a block
`diagram depicting a state wherein information exchange is
`carried out between a typical IC card 10 and an external
`device (a reader/writer device) 20. In this example, the IC
`card 10 comprises a CPU 11 that has a variety of
`calculation processing functions, an I/O interface 12 that
`carries out exchange of information with the external
`device 20, and memory that is a ROM 13, a EEPROM 14,
`and a RAM 15. The ROM 13 is a nonvolatile memory that
`cannot be overwritten, and the CPU 11 executes prescribed
`processes based on a basic program that is stored in this
`ROM 13. The EEPROM 14 is a rewritable non-volatile
`memory, and stores user data and various application
`programs. The RAM 15 is a rewritable volatile memory
`that is used as the work area when the CPU 11 executes
`various processes.
`[0015]
`The IC card 10 and the external device 20 are connected
`together through a method such as connecting through a
`physical signal line, connecting through infrared signals, a
`
`non-contact connection through the use of
`electromagnetism, or the like, to carry out information
`exchange. Information is sent from the external device 20
`to the IC card 10 in the form of commands. The commands
`that have been sent are applied to the CPU 11 through the
`I/O interface 12. Conversely, information is sent from the
`IC card 10 to the external device 20 in the form of
`responses to the commands that have been asserted. The
`responses are sent from the CPU 11 through the I/O
`interface 12 to the external device 20.
`[0016]
`In the present embodiment, the application program is
`stored in an application storing region 140 that is provided
`in the EEPROM 14, as illustrated in FIG. 2. In the example
`in the figure, respective application programs 1, 2, and 3
`are stored in partitions 141A, 142A, and 143A in the
`application storing region 140. One of the distinctive
`features of the present invention is the point that the
`configuration is such that selection histories are recorded,
`through providing partitions 141B, 142B, and 143B for
`storing the selection histories of the individual application
`programs. Selection histories of the respective application
`programs 1, 2, and 3 are recorded in these partitions 141B,
`142B, and 143B.
`[0017]
`Here, as an example, let us assume that the application
`programs 1, 2, and 3 are, respectively, a program for
`medical diagnostics, a program for credit transactions, and
`a program for paying for gasoline. In this case, this IC card
`10 can be used as a medical history card, a credit card, and
`a gasoline fueling card, and a specific application program
`is selected depending on the purpose.
`[0018]
`Conventionally, the selection operation has been carried
`out based on an instruction from the external device 20 side.
`For example, when this IC card 10 is inserted into an
`external device 20 that is equipped in a hospital, an
`application selection command for selecting the program
`for medical diagnostics is applied to the CPU 11 following
`a reset signal. Through this, the program for medical
`diagnostics is launched in the IC card 10, producing a state
`wherein a command for the program for medical
`diagnostics can be received. If this same IC card 10 is
`inserted into an external device 20 that is equipped in a
`shopping center, an application selection command for
`selecting a program for a credit transaction is applied to the
`CPU 11 after the reset signal. This launches the program
`for a credit transaction within the IC card 10, producing a
`state wherein this program for a credit transaction can
`receive.
`[0019]
`Even in the IC card 10 according to the present invention,
`the application that is to be started can, of course, be
`selected through application of an application selection
`command, as described above, from the external device 20
`side. However, in the IC card 10 according to the present
`invention there is a function wherein, at a stage prior to the
`assertion of the application selection command from the
`external device 20 side, an application that has a high
`probability of being selected is selected automatically.
`While specific techniques for determining which
`application has a high probability of being selected will be
`
`
`
`3
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(4)
`
`described below, at the point in time that access to the IC
`card 10 according to the present invention is started, the
`state will be one wherein one application has already been
`selected automatically. A response indicating which
`application has been selected automatically within the IC
`card 10 is sent to the external device 20 side, so if the
`application that has been selected automatically is the
`correct application that is to be executed, the external
`device 20 can send a command to that application
`immediately. That is, this eliminates the need to assert the
`application selection command, as has been done
`conventionally. On the other hand, if the application that
`was selected automatically is not the application that is to
`be executed, then, as has been done conventionally, a
`command for selecting the application should be asserted to
`perform the operation for selecting the correct application
`instead.
`[0020]
`In the present invention, the selection history from the
`past is used as the decision basis for determining the
`application that has a high probability of being selected.
`Because of this, in the IC card according to the present
`invention a process is carried out to record, as the selection
`history, the date and time each time a specific application is
`selected. For example, in the example case depicted in FIG.
`2, when application program 1 is selected, the date and time
`is recorded, as the selection history, in partition 141B. If
`selected n times in the past, a total of n dates and times will
`be recorded. However, because the storage capacity of the
`partition 141B is finite, if the storage space within the
`partition becomes full, a deleting process is carried out,
`starting with the oldest dates and times. Similarly, the dates
`and times at which application programs 2 and 3 have been
`selected are recorded as the selection histories in the
`respective partitions 142B and 143B.
`[0021]
`When the external device 20 starts accessing the IC card
`10, the CPU 11 carries out a process to reference the
`selection histories that are recorded for each of the
`application programs, to select a specific application
`program (an application that has a high probability of being
`selected) automatically. Specifically, in the embodiment
`depicted here, this automatic selection process is executed
`when a reset signal has been asserted to the CPU 11.
`Normally a reset signal is sent from the external device 20
`to the CPU 11 within the IC card 10 immediately after the
`IC card 10 and the external device 20 are connected. Given
`this, it is convenient to execute the automatic selection
`process following the processes that are carried out within
`the IC card 10 (where normally a process is carried out to
`set various default values) when this reset signal has been
`received.
`[0022]
`One candidate for an application that has a high
`probability of being selected is the application that has been
`selected most recently. For example, in a situation such as
`shopping in a shopping center, the IC card is used each
`time a purchase is made, at which time the program for a
`credit transaction is selected and executed. Consequently, if
`the application that was selected most recently is the
`program used for a credit transaction, then there will be a
`high probability that the application that should be selected
`
`the next time the IC card is used will be the program for a
`credit transaction. Consequently, the approach of always
`selecting automatically the application that was selected
`most recently is an approach that makes sense.
`[0023]
`FIG. 3 is a flowchart depicting the processes in the
`automatic selection process that are carried out within the
`IC card 10 when such an approach is used. First, when the
`reset signal is asserted from the external device 20 side, the
`reset signal receiving process is carried out in Step S11.
`This process is a process that sets up various data within
`the RAM 15, and applies specific settings based on specific
`data within the EEPROM 14; however, because this has no
`direct bearing on the main point of the present invention,
`detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Following
`this, in Step S12, the histories of the various applications
`are read. Specifically, the selection histories (the dates and
`times wherein selections were made) are read out from the
`partitions 141B, 142B, and 143B in FIG. 2. Given this, in
`Step S13, the application that has the most recent selection
`history (that is, the most recent date and time) is selected
`automatically, after which, in Step S14, the selection
`history for this selected application is updated (the current
`date and time is recorded as selection history).
`[0024]
`Lastly, in Step S15, an ATR signal is transmitted. This
`ATR (Answer To Reset) signal is a response to the reset
`signal that was applied from the external device 20 side, a
`signal for notifying the external device 20 side that the reset
`signal reception process has been completed and that
`preparations for receiving a command have been made. In
`the present embodiment, information indicating which
`application was selected automatically is sent, together with
`the ATR signal, to the external device 20. In the standards
`for typical IC cards, arbitrary data bits may be included, in
`addition to the prescribed data bits, in the ATR signal. In
`the present embodiment, a method is used wherein
`information for identifying the application that has been
`selected automatically is sent to the external device 20 as
`these arbitrary data bits. Through this ATR signal, the
`external device 20 can identify that the IC card 10 side is in
`a state wherein it can receive a command, and also
`identifies that the specific application has been selected
`automatically. The normal process for executing commands,
`described below, is carried out after the ATR signal has
`been transmitted.
`[0025]
`On the other hand, another approach to determining an
`application that has a high probability of being selected is
`the method the application program that has the highest
`selection frequency is selected automatically. Despite being
`an IC card that can be used in many different applications,
`these applications are not all used uniformly; normally
`there will be a use pattern that is biased toward a specific
`application, depending on the user. Consequently, the
`application that has the highest frequency of use in the past
`can be considered to have a high probability of being
`selected next. Given this, an approach wherein a prescribed
`interval, such as the past week or the past month, is set, and
`the application that has the highest selection frequency
`during this prescribed interval is selected automatically, is
`an approach that makes sense.
`
`
`
`4
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(5)
`
`[0026]
`FIG. 4 is a flowchart depicting the processes in the
`automatic selection process that are carried out within the
`IC card 10 when such an approach is used. First, when the
`reset signal is asserted from the external device 20 side, the
`reset signal receiving process is carried out in Step S21.
`Following this, in Step S22, the histories of the various
`applications are read. That is, the selection histories (the
`dates and times wherein selections were made) are read out
`from the partitions 141B, 142B, and 143B in FIG. 2. Given
`this, in Step S23, the numbers of times, during the
`prescribed interval, that each application has been selected
`are counted. For example, the number of times wherein the
`date and time have been recorded during the past week
`would be counted. Given this, in Step S24, the application
`that has the greatest count value is selected automatically,
`after which, in Step S25, the selection history for this
`selected application is updated (the current date and time is
`recorded as selection history). Lastly, in Step S25, an ATR
`signal is transmitted. Information indicating which
`application was selected automatically is sent, together with
`the ATR signal, the same way it was in the example
`described above.
`[0027]
`FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting the processing of the
`normal command execution processes that are carried out
`in the IC card 10 after completion of the processes depicted
`in FIG. 3 or the processes depicted in FIG. 4. At the time
`that this command execution process is carried out, the
`specific application has already been selected automatically,
`and the external device 20 side has been notified as to
`which application was selected automatically. If the
`application that was selected automatically is the
`application that will actually be used, the external device 20
`sends a command for that application; however, if it is not
`the application that is actually to be used, the external
`device 20 sends an application selection command to select
`the application that is actually to be used. In the first of
`these cases, the process for sending the application
`selection command can be omitted. While in the latter of
`these cases an operation for sending the application
`selection command is necessary, this is the normal process
`that is carried out in a conventional IC card.
`[0028]
`Given this, on the IC card 10 side, in Step S31 a standby
`state for reception of a command is produced. When a
`command is received from the external device 20 side, then,
`in Step S32, a determination is made as to whether or not
`this command is an application selection command. As
`described above, if the application that was selected
`automatically is the application that is actually to be used,
`the external device 20 will transmit a command to that
`application, and thus processing advances from Step S32 to
`Step S33, where the command that was asserted is executed.
`On the other hand, if the application that was selected
`automatically is not the application that is actually to be
`used, the external device 20 sends an application selection
`command for selecting the application that is actually to be
`used, so processing advances from Step S32 to Step S34,
`and, based on the application selection command that is
`asserted, a process for selecting an application (a process
`for switching from the application that was selected
`
`
`
`automatically to a newly selected application) is carried out,
`after which, in Step S35, a process for updating the
`selection history, that is, a process for recording the
`selection history for the newly selected application, is
`carried out. In this case, if necessary a process for
`correcting the selection history for the application that had
`already been selected automatically (a process for, for
`example, removing the date and time in the selection
`history to make a correction because the automatic
`selection that had been made previously was selected in
`error) may be carried out.
`[0029]
`In either case a prescribed response is sent to the external
`device 20 in Step S36. This same process is executed
`repeatedly through Step S37, and when a command for
`terminating execution of the application is asserted, the
`process is terminated through Step S37.
`[0030]
`In this way, the function that is carried out in the present
`invention to select an application automatically is
`ultimately a function for predicting and selecting an
`application that has a high probability of being selected,
`and thus this automatic selection will not necessarily be the
`correct selection. However, if an automatic selection is
`made based on the approach described above, the
`probability that a correct selection will be made
`automatically will be high, with a high probability that the
`application selection command can be eliminated.
`Moreover, even if the automatic selection is an incorrect
`selection, the correct selection can be made through the
`conventional method, through asserting an automatic
`selection command, so, in practice, there is no disadvantage
`whatsoever.
`[0031]
`While, in the above, the present invention was explained
`based on an illustrated embodiment, the present invention
`is not limited to this embodiment, but rather may be carried
`out in a variety of other forms as well. For example, while
`in the embodiment set forth above the application programs
`were stored in a EEPROM 14, the present invention can be
`applied also to IC cards wherein the application programs
`are stored in the ROM 13. However, in regard to the
`selection history in this case, it would be necessary to
`record the selection history in a rewritable EEPROM 14.
`[0032]
`Moreover, while in the embodiment set forth above the
`explanation was for a processing operation that assumed
`that a selection history has already been recorded, it will be
`necessary to carry out the automatic selection through a
`different method when the IC card is used for the first time.
`That is, an automatic selection based on the selection
`history is not possible when the IC card is used for the first
`time, as there would be no record at all of a selection
`history from the past, and thus a method should be used
`such as automatic selection of the application that is stored
`at the lowest address in memory, for example. Conversely,
`a method may be used wherein the application selection
`command that will be asserted from the external device 20
`side is awaited, rather than executing an automatic
`selection process.
`[0033]
`
`5
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(6)
`
`Moreover, while in the embodiment set forth above an
`approach wherein the application program that had been
`selected most recently is selected and an approach wherein
`the application program that has the highest selection
`frequency over a prescribed time interval were used as
`illustrative examples of candidates for the application that
`is to be selected automatically, the approach for the
`automatic selection may use a method that combines both
`of these, or another approach may be used instead.
`[0034]
`[EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION]
`As described above, in the IC card according to the
`present invention and application is selected automatically
`based on the past selection history at the beginning of
`accessing, thus making it possible to select efficiently the
`application program to be executed.
`[BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS]
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram depicting a state wherein
`exchange of information is carried out between a typical IC
`card 10 and an external device (a reader/writer device) 20.
`FIG. 2 is a memory map depicting the state of an
`application storing regions 148 in an EEPROM 14 within
`an IC card according to the present invention.
`
`[FIG. 2]
`
`FIG. 3 is a flowchart depicting processing in the
`automatic selection process based on the approach of
`selecting the application that was selected most recently.
`FIG. 4 is a flowchart depicting processing in the
`automatic selection process based on the approach of
`selecting the application that has the highest selection
`frequency.
`FIG. 5 is a flowchart for the processing of the normal
`command execution processes after the automatic selection
`has been carried out.
`[EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS]
`10: IC Card
`11: CPU
`12: I/O Interface
`13: ROM
`14: EEPROM
`15: RAM
`20: External Device (Reader/Writer Device)
`140: Application Storing Region
`141A, 142A, 143A: Partitions for Storing Application
`Programs
`141B, 142B, 143B: Partitions for Storing Selection
`Histories of the Applications.
`
`[FIG. 3]
`
`14: EEPROM
`140: Application Storing Region
`141A: Application Program 1
`142A: Application Program 2
`143A: Application Program 3
`141B: Selection History
`142B: Selection History
`143B: Selection History
`
`
`
`
`
`
`[TOP] Reset
`S11: Reset Signal Receiving Process
`S12: Read in histories for each of the applications.
`S13: Select automatically the application that has the most
`recent selection history.
`S14: Update the selection history.
`S15: Send ATR signal.
`[BOTTOM] To the normal command execution process
`
`
`
`
`6
`
`

`

`Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2000-163539 (P2000-163539A)
`(7)
`
`[FIG. 1]
`
`[FIG. 5]
`
`
`20: External Device (Reader/Writer Device)
`[MIDDLE LEFT] Command
`[MIDDLE RIGHT] Response
`12: I/O Interface
`10: IC Card
`
`[FIG. 4]
`
`
`
`[TOP] Command Execution Process
`S31: Command received?
`S32: Application selection command?
`S33: Execute command.
`S36: Send response.
`S34: Select application.
`S35: Update selection history
`[BOTTOM] End
`
`
`
`
`
`[TOP] Reset
`S21: Reset Signal Receiving Process
`S22: Read in histories for each of the applications.
`S23: Count the number of selections within the prescribed
`time interval.
`S24: Select automatically the application that has the most
`with the highest count value.
`S25: Update the selection history.
`S26: Send ATR signal.
`[BOTTOM] To the normal command execution process
`
`
`
`
`7
`
`

`

`TRANSLATOR CERTIFICATION
`
`Date: January 27, 2022
`
`To whom it may concern:
`
`I, Dr. Warren Smith, a translator fluent in the English and Japanese languages, on behalf of
`Morningside Translations, do solemnly and sincerely declare that the following is, to the best of
`my knowledge and belief, a true and correct translation of the documents listed below in a
`form that reflects the intention and meaning of the original text.
`
`I hereby declare that all statements made herein of my own knowledge are true and that all
`statements made on information and belief are believed to be true; and further that these
`statements were made with the knowledge that willful false statements and the like so made
`are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United
`States Code.
`
`Signature
`
`Warren Smith
`
`Print
`
`CERT-11, 2019-APR-12, V1
`
`8
`
`