United States Patent [19]
`Wang et al.
`
`[54]
`
`[75]
`
`INFRARED COMMUNICATION DEVICE
`FOR MULTISTANDARD OPERATIONS
`
`Inventors: Li-Chen Wang. Watsonville; Keming
`Yeh. Fremont. both of Calif.
`
`[73] Assignee: ActiSys Corporation. Fremont. Calif.
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 695,481
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Aug. 12, 1996
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`[62] Division of Ser. No. 290,330, Aug. 15, 1994, Pat No.
`5,617,236.
`..................................................... H04B 10/24
`Int. CL6
`[51]
`[52] U.S. Cl. ............................................. 359/152; 359/113
`[58] Field of Search ..................................... 359/152. 153.
`359/113. 172. 111. 155. 158
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,777,662 10/1988 Nakata .................................... 455/607
`7/1989 Radcin ...................................... 370n6
`4,852,087
`4,884,287 1111989 Jones et al ............................. 375/121
`2/1992 Hiczel ........................................ 379/98
`5,086,454
`5,115,236
`5/1992 Kohler .................................... 359/142
`5,224,154
`611993 Aldridge et al ........................... 379/93
`5,239,652
`8/1993 Seibert et al ........................... 395n50
`5,276,703
`1/1994 Budin et al ................................. 375/1
`5,331,634
`7/1994 Fischer ................................. 370/85.13
`
`11■1111111111111
`5,786,921
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`US005786921A
`[111 Patent Number:
`[451 Date of Patent:
`
`5,387,993
`5,428,806
`5,428,819
`
`2/1995 Heller et al ............................. 359/155
`611995 Pocrass ................................... 395/800
`611995 Wang et at ........................... 455/34.1
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`1-190146 (A)
`1-216634
`W089/06459
`
`Japan.
`7/1989
`Japan.
`8/1989
`7/1989 WlPO.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`"In-House Wireless Communication System Using Infrared
`Radiation". Yukio Nakata. etc .. International Conference on
`Computer Communication. 1984. pp. 333-339.
`
`Primary Examiner-Leslie Pascal
`Attcmey; Agent, or Finn-Skjerven. Morrill. MacPherson.
`Franklin & Friel LLP; Edward C. Kwok
`ABSTRACT
`
`[57]
`
`An IR interface device is connected over a wired port to a
`host computer. so as to provide an IR communication link
`between the host computer and another computing device
`capable of IR communication. Such an IR interface device
`may also include a coupling to a printer device. An IR
`conference device allows communication between devices
`using different IR communication protocols by providing
`individual IR communication links to each of the commu(cid:173)
`nicating devices and passing data between the individual IR
`communication links. An IR transceiver integrated circuit
`with automatic gain control is provided.
`
`3 Claims, 39 Drawing Sheets
`
`~ 7 0 0
`
`TXDIR
`701
`
`IA TRANS
`
`510
`
`512
`
`SUB-CARRIER
`GENERATOR
`
`508
`
`ENCODER
`
`RXOGATE
`
`707
`
`702
`
`TXD
`
`704
`
`TXD
`DETECT
`
`703
`
`705
`
`RXDIR
`
`706
`
`AGC
`
`504
`
`AMPLIFIER
`
`503
`
`IR REC
`
`502_)
`
`'RXD GATE' block diagram
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 1 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 1 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`130
`
`PRINTER i - - - - r - 1
`
`IR
`INTERFACE
`DEVICE
`
`<<<<
`>>>>
`
`<<<<
`>>>>
`
`COMPUTER
`WITH
`IRMODEM
`
`123
`
`100
`
`122
`DESKTOP HOST
`COMPUTER
`
`120
`
`FIG. 1 a
`
`1 0 8 <<<<
`>>>>
`
`~ 1
`/ \ V
`/ \ V
`/\ V
`/ \ V
`
`184
`1 180
`<<<< □
`IR
`CONFERENCE > > > >
`DEVICE
`/ \ V
`/\ V
`/\ V
`/ \ V
`
`~ 8 3
`
`FIG. 1 b
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 2 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 2 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`1 24
`
`IR
`
`'~ ,-
`
`"
`
`--
`
`--
`
`---
`
`-~
`
`---
`
`I
`
`~ 1 0 0
`
`-
`
`~
`
`-
`-
`
`--
`
`IR TRANSCEIVER 1
`
`152
`
`/150
`
`PC INTERFACE
`
`r-151
`
`PRINTER INTERFACE
`
`PROM
`
`,. ~53
`
`,,
`
`(154
`
`--
`
`---
`
`CPU
`
`JI
`
`,,
`
`(155
`
`SRAM
`
`c1ss
`
`POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITRY
`
`I
`
`FIG. 2a
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 3 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 3 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`~ 1 8 0
`
`PROM
`
`,l "443
`
`.•
`
`CPU
`
`r144
`-~
`-~
`--
`-
`
`~
`
`i i
`
`,.
`
`(145
`
`SRAM
`
`-
`-
`
`IR TRANSCEIVER 1
`
`\__140a
`
`r140b
`
`IR TRANSCEIVER 2
`
`1 140c
`IR TRANSCEIVER 3
`
`1 140d
`IR TRANSCEIVER 4
`
`-
`-
`
`--
`
`-
`-
`
`(146
`
`POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITRY
`
`I
`
`FIG. 2b
`
`--
`
`IR
`
`-
`
`IR
`
`-
`-
`
`-
`-
`
`IR
`
`IR
`
`-
`
`----
`
`-~
`
`-
`-
`
`I
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 4 of 50
`
`

`

`l,,,,o&
`N
`\0
`~ ._.
`QC
`~
`._.
`t/1
`
`~
`~
`,l;l,,.
`
`r.r.i =-i ....
`
`-=
`
`1--l i QC
`S'J
`N
` ~
`
`i
`1
`rJJ. •
`0 •
`
`ANNODE
`
`OUTPUT
`309
`
`vcc
`
`308
`
`ANNODE
`313 OUTPUT
`
`33K
`R22
`
`22
`R21
`
`312
`
`GND
`
`0.1uF
`C3
`
`314
`
`VCC1
`
`qo.01uF
`+ C4
`
`cs
`
`311
`
`47uF
`
`+c2
`
`2N4403
`02
`
`22
`A20
`
`GND
`
`2N4401
`01
`
`306
`
`307
`
`10K
`R19
`
`GNO
`
`1.0M
`R18
`
`0.01uF
`C6
`
`(156
`
`FIG. 3a
`
`305
`
`100K
`R24
`
`DI~ t::+~V
`l 014
`
`11
`304\ BT1
`
`310b
`
`303)
`
`GND
`... ~
`
`co
`
`ALT_VCC a
`
`302_;
`
`J1
`
`20uH
`0.Q1uF L1
`20uH
`L2
`
`_c1
`
`GND
`
`\ l!:J
`
`I
`
`DC POWER JACK
`
`301
`
`EXT _p
`
`EXT _p a
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 5 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 5 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`/151
`
`VCC1
`
`R1
`
`68
`
`STB
`
`317d
`
`D1
`
`STB
`
`03 317a
`
`R2
`R15
`R3
`
`R4
`R17
`R5
`
`R6
`
`R7
`
`R8
`
`68
`68
`68
`
`68
`68
`68
`
`PDQ
`ERROR
`PD1
`
`PD2
`SLCT
`PD3
`
`68
`
`PD4
`
`68
`
`68
`
`68
`
`PDS
`
`PD6
`
`PD7
`
`R11
`
`68
`
`BUSY
`
`8
`
`PE
`
`R12
`
`R13
`
`15
`3
`16
`4
`17
`5
`18
`6
`19
`7
`20
`8
`21
`9
`22
`10
`23
`11
`24
`12
`25
`13
`
`317c GND
`
`ERROR
`
`SLCT
`
`BUSY
`
`PE
`
`68
`
`SLCTED
`
`SLCTED
`
`0B25F
`
`PDCO .. 7]
`
`GND
`
`PD[0 .. 7}
`
`315
`
`FIG. 3b
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 6 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 6 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`FIG. 3c-1
`
`VCC1
`
`S1
`-=-
`
`325
`
`_)
`
`VChC1 C34
`
`~0.1uF
`
`PD[O .. 7] 0-----■1
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`PD[O .. 7] I
`I I
`
`326
`
`C23
`GND
`+ 0.1uF
`154
`.___---1
`ADO
`100
`,....:::..LI4,:__ _ _ ---1.... _ _ --:-:--::--i 43 R37
`R34
`PO.O 1 - = + + - ~ v - - - - -
`AD1
`100
`P0. 1 42 R38
`. _ _ _ 1_0_0K _ _ +---3-15 EANP
`AD2
`100
`41 R39
`C24
`21
`1 - - . - - - - - - - + - - - 1 x1
`P0.2
`AD3
`100
`40 R40
`P0.3 - - ~ - - (cid:173)
`i-::3::.:::.9~;..;.R4.;..:,1,/\/Vl1 __ 0~0_A_D_4
`Y1
`P0.4
`!332111 .05 2MHz
`ADS
`100
`38 R42
`P0.5 1 - = < ~ - , / \ / V ' - - - - -
`i----------+--2-tO X2
`AD6
`100
`37 R43
`P0.6 i..:::.:..f+'-C--,Nv,--;...---
`,____l--10 RESET
`AD7
`100
`36 R44
`P0.7 i-:::2~4 ~-,/\/v,--;..--A-8-
`P2.0 !-!:2:...:..5-Ar-----A-9-
`P2.1 i-==--++-----A-A(cid:173)
`-
`P2.2 i-::~~~ --4-+-----A-
`8
`p2·3 i-=2"'""a ---H---A-C(cid:173)
`P2.4 i-=2=-9 ---H----AD(cid:173)
`P2.5 i-=:--H---A-E(cid:173)
`P2.6 i-=3=-0 --H---A-F(cid:173)
`P2.7 i-,:3:...:..1 - - + i " " - - - - -
`327
`RD l-.!..:19=---------
`WR ~ 1 8 ' - - - - - ~
`PSEN o.=32' - - - - - ~
`33-----.
`ALE/P i - = :
`TXD .,_1_3---.
`11
`RXD
`328
`80C31PLCC
`TXD_80C31<7-~0~U~T~PU~T.:__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , - - - i - -
`TXD_80C31
`OUTPUTC1-___J~.!:.!:!J!.._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -j-_ _ ......,._-,----i
`330
`
`GND
`
`329
`
`INTO
`>--_B_U"""'SYc---,r----,1~4
`BUSY
`1-T..:..:.X.;;;;D.:a:._P__;;C__.'---_1-15 INT1
`TXD_PC
`--=L=ED~C _ _ -----'1-16 TO
`ERRORr>~E~R~R=O~R _ _ __.~ T1
`
`R45
`
`100
`
`331
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 7 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 7 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`FIG. 3c-2
`
`/
`
`315
`
`-4>·
`
`74HC04
`
`U20
`
`t:J y-
`
`1'
`
`'
`
`74HCOO
`U5
`AD7
`3 DO
`4 D1
`ADS
`7 D2
`AD5
`AD4
`8 03
`13 D4
`ADO
`14 D5
`AD1
`AD2 17 D6
`AD3 18
`D7
`nf<oc
`~CLK
`74HC374
`
`Gt
`
`00 2
`01 5
`02 6
`03 9
`04 12
`05 15
`06 16
`19
`07
`
`PD7 /
`PD6 /
`PDS /
`PD4 /
`PDO /
`PD1 /
`PD2 /
`PD3
`
`h
`
`316
`
`vcc~
`
`AO
`A1
`A2
`A3
`A4
`A5
`AS
`A7
`AB
`A9
`AA
`AB
`AC
`AD
`
`U6
`AD7
`3
`DO
`4
`ADS
`D1
`7
`ADS
`D2
`AD4
`8
`D3
`13
`ADO
`14 D4
`AD1
`D5
`17
`AD2
`AD3 18 D6
`07
`1
`nroc
`~G
`74HC373
`
`Gt
`
`2
`QO
`5
`01
`s
`02
`9
`03
`12
`04 15
`05
`16
`06 19
`07
`
`A?
`A6
`AS
`A4
`AO
`A1
`A2
`A3
`
`317
`
`AO
`Al
`/339 A2
`A3
`A4
`AS
`AS
`A7
`AB
`A9
`AA
`AB
`AC
`AE
`AD
`AF
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`1
`I
`
`I
`r·
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`1
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`1
`I
`
`ADO
`13
`00 14
`AD1
`01 15 AD2
`02
`18 AD3
`03
`04 19 AD4
`05 20 ADS
`AD6
`06 21
`07 22 AD7
`
`I'\
`153
`
`ADO
`11
`DO 12
`AD1
`01
`13 AD2
`D2 15 AD3
`D3
`16 AD4
`D4
`D5 17 ADS
`18 ADS
`D6
`19 AD7
`D7
`
`i"\
`155
`
`U7
`11
`AO
`10
`A1
`9
`A2
`8
`A3
`7 A4
`s AS
`5 A6
`4 A7
`29 AS
`28 A9
`24 A10
`27 A11
`3 A12
`30 A13
`23
`CE
`25 OE
`A..L.fil_ PGM
`2 VPP
`27C128PLCC
`UB
`10
`AO
`9
`A1
`8
`A2
`7
`A3
`6
`A4
`5 AS
`4
`A6
`3
`A7
`25
`AS
`24 A9
`21
`23 A10
`A11
`2 A12
`26
`A13
`1 A14
`20 cs
`27 WE
`22 OE
`6264
`
`---------------------------
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 8 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 8 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`vcc
`
`D15
`
`VDD
`
`016
`
`C40
`
`47uF
`
`--
`
`C42
`
`0.1uF
`
`GND
`,,_ _ _ A_L T-"_ v_c_c--L_j ALT - vcc
`
`318
`
`VDD1---1----e
`R1r----.
`T1
`R2 i---:----4........,.
`T2
`R 3 i - - - - - - - -(cid:173)
`T 3 1 - L - - - - - - - t - - - - - - ; ; ~
`vss----
`
`U9
`.__ ____ 1. . - j6 vcc
`15
`--1DO1
`- -
`14 DI1
`13
`--1DO2
`- -
`12 DI2
`T_X __ D_;....P_C-+-_ _ 1-11
`003
`....c..;O D13
`' - - - - - - i - -1
`i...-.----9-GND
`GND
`145406
`vss~+---+------
`
`150_)
`
`FIG. 3c-3
`
`C41
`
`C43
`
`q01uF
`
`GND
`
`KEY TO FIG. 3c
`
`FIG.
`3c-1
`
`FIG.
`3c-2
`
`FIG.
`3c-3
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 9 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`~ \0
`0\.
`QC
`~ ....J
`UI
`
`t:r a
`
`00
`
`~
`~
`\0
`
`,1
`IN VCC GND GND2 VCC OUT PUT BIAS CAP
`tiA
`
`18
`
`7
`
`270p~ 100K
`13 j R30
`
`..BeE
`
`DET OUT-
`
`15
`
`C12
`4
`
`C11
`
`13
`.HA...
`
`12
`
`.J:iA.
`
`""""' i
`
`~
`N
`
`~ F-
`
`~ a
`~ = .,.
`• r.n •
`
`Cj
`
`341
`
`_)
`
`320
`
`AGND
`
`OUT
`LIM BPF GND
`110
`112
`
`111
`
`IN
`
`LIM GC1 GC2
`113
`
`115
`
`BP1 BP2
`LIM
`j16
`
`114
`
`68pF
`C16
`
`OUT
`IN
`HA LIM
`j18 117
`
`4.7K
`R31
`
`C21
`
`1ni=
`
`C18_I C19
`
`FIG. 3d
`
`AGND1
`
`AGND
`
`GND
`
`OUTPUT
`
`OUTPUT
`
`AGND
`
`309
`
`22
`
`R47
`
`To.1 uF
`C10
`
`0.1uF
`
`VCC ~ AVCC1 ± AGND1 I I
`
`• 47uF
`
`22
`R27
`220 I C9
`
`AVCC2
`
`47K
`R33
`
`PD481PI
`D5
`
`AGND1
`
`342
`
`e
`
`e
`
`1nF
`
`I
`AGND1 C17
`4.7K
`R32
`
`C15 68pFT
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 10 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 10 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`1
`
`355
`
`,_c_A_TH_O-rD_E._JCATHODE
`354
`
`GND
`
`( 3 5 0
`
`TXD_PC
`TXD_80C31
`
`329
`
`TXD_PC
`TXD_80C31
`
`3
`
`U2A
`74HC00
`2
`
`6
`
`74HC00
`
`U1B
`
`3
`
`2
`
`33K
`
`FIG. 3e
`
`U1A
`
`1
`
`74HC04
`R26
`
`22K
`
`360
`
`J
`
`371
`
`D6
`~GL538
`
`07
`~GL538
`
`ANODE
`308
`
`ANODE
`
`CATHODE
`
`CATHODE
`
`354
`FIG. 3f
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 11 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`~ ,..
`00
`~
`,..
`VI
`
`~
`
`~
`s,
`....
`re, -....
`r.,:;. ;
`
`!
`....
`7J
`~
`"'(cid:173)= :-
`
`~ = ~
`~ = ~
`0 • r,J.
`
`•
`
`ANNODE4
`
`-ANNODE 3
`
`DANNOOE2
`ANNODE1
`
`410d
`
`22
`R16
`
`4rna
`
`410b
`
`\ 410C
`
`I
`
`22 I
`
`R13 1
`
`40Bal
`
`408d
`
`40
`
`0.1uF I
`
`C2
`
`47uF
`
`C3 1+
`
`22
`~ [22
`R14
`408C_, R1S
`
`FIG. 4a
`
`GND
`
`407
`
`10K
`R2
`
`406
`
`GND
`
`'-405
`
`404 _)
`DAN212K t-+6V
`·11
`BT1
`
`02
`
`+---tN-J--OtNPUT 4
`
`33K
`
`409d
`
`+---tN-J--OINPUT 3
`
`409C
`
`+---tN-J--OINPUT 2
`
`409b
`
`+---tN-J--OINPUT 1
`
`409a
`
`vcc
`
`~7uF O.Q1uF
`M---PHr1"---,-----.--IW'"-'1P---T..._.o VCC1
`
`CB
`
`22 .J.± C7
`
`..,___-I 02
`1.0M
`R7
`
`o.o1uF
`
`nt.t.I~12K
`03
`
`2
`
`..____,.--~
`IN
`;...;;78=L0=6~--
`U2
`DAN212K
`
`GND
`
`2N4403
`
`T ~
`
`R6
`
`GNU
`'
`
`(146
`
`100K
`NI/'--
`R5
`
`COD
`
`4
`
`c
`
`1K
`R4
`20uH
`L 1
`
`L2
`
`402
`)
`
`J 1
`
`POWER JACK
`
`)
`
`401
`
`EXTP
`
`EXT_PG
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 12 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`JuL 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 12 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`FIG. 4b-1
`
`VCC1
`
`tSI
`
`67
`
`0.1uF
`
`R59
`100K
`C72
`
`Y2
`D 22.1 84M
`
`C79
`
`GND
`
`432
`
`SEL2
`SEL1
`
`PROTOCOL
`LED_C
`PORT1
`PORT2
`PORT3
`PORT4
`co
`EXT_P
`
`TXD
`
`428
`
`80C31PLCC
`
`425
`
`.)
`
`VCC1
`
`h~, ~O.luF
`
`I
`I
`
`PD[O .. 7J a PD[0 .. 7J I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`U12
`
`144
`
`35
`
`21
`
`EANP
`X1
`
`20 X2
`10
`RESET
`
`INTO
`INT1
`TO
`T1
`
`2 P1.0
`3
`P1.1
`P1.2
`P1.3
`P1.4
`Pl.5
`9 P1.6
`P1.7
`
`426
`
`GND
`P0.0 43 R65
`P0.1 42 R64
`P0.2 41 R60
`40 R61
`P0.3
`39 R54
`P0.4
`P0.5 38 ASS
`37 R56
`P0.6
`P0.7 36 R57
`24
`P2.0
`P2.1 25
`26
`P2.2
`27
`P2.3
`P2.4 28
`29
`P2.5
`P2.6 30
`31
`P2.7
`
`RD
`WR
`PSEN
`ALE/P
`TXD
`RXD
`
`19
`18
`32
`33
`13
`11
`
`430
`
`431
`
`ADO
`AD1
`AD2
`AD3
`AD4
`AD5
`AD6
`AD7
`A8
`A9
`AA
`AB
`AC
`AD
`AE
`AF
`
`100
`100
`100
`100
`100
`100
`100
`100
`
`427
`
`R58
`
`100
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 13 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 13 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`I
`I ~ U6D
`I
`l
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`r·
`I
`
`AD7
`AD6
`ADS
`AD4
`ADO
`AD1
`AD2
`AD3
`
`U14
`DO
`D1
`D2
`D3
`D4
`05
`06
`07
`
`3
`4
`7
`8
`13
`14
`17
`18
`nt' oc ~
`1
`'9 G
`74HC373
`GND
`
`2
`5
`6
`9
`12
`15
`16
`19
`
`QO
`01
`02
`03
`04
`Q5
`06
`07
`
`A7
`A6
`AS
`A4
`AO
`A1
`A2
`A3
`
`417
`
`FIG. 4b-2
`
`A
`~
`74HC04 AF
`
`b
`
`1'
`
`AD7
`AD6
`ADS
`AD4
`ADO
`AD1
`AD2
`AD3
`I ATr.1-1
`
`74HC00
`U13
`3
`DO
`4
`D1
`7
`D2
`8
`D3
`13 D4
`14 D5
`17 D6
`18
`D7
`L oc
`11 -
`t)CLK
`74HC374
`
`'
`
`}1-
`
`QO 2
`5
`Q1
`6
`02 9
`03
`Q4 12
`Q5 15
`Q6 16
`19
`07
`
`PO7 /
`PD6 /
`PD5 /
`PD4 /
`PD0 /
`PD1 /
`PD2 /
`PD3
`
`I'\
`416
`
`ADO
`13
`00
`AD1
`14
`01
`15 AD2
`02
`18 AD3
`03
`19 AD4
`04
`ADS
`05 20
`AD6
`06 21
`07 22 AD7
`
`I'\
`143
`
`ADO
`11
`DO
`AD1
`12
`D1
`D2 13 AD2
`15 AD3
`D3
`16 AD4
`04
`ADS
`17
`D5
`18 AD6
`D6
`19 AD7
`D7
`
`I'\
`145
`
`AO
`Al
`A2
`A3
`A4
`AS
`A6
`A7
`A8
`A9
`AA
`AB
`AC
`AD
`
`AO
`Al
`A2
`A3
`A4
`A5
`A6
`A7
`A8
`A9
`AA
`AB
`AC
`AE
`AD
`AF
`
`U11
`11
`AO
`10
`A1
`9
`A2
`8 A3
`7 A4
`6 AS
`5 A6
`4 A7
`29
`28 A8
`24 A9
`A10
`27 A11
`3 A12
`30 A13
`23 CE
`25
`OE
`-
`AE 31
`PGM
`2 VPP
`27C128PLCC
`U15
`10 AO
`9 A1
`8 A2
`7 A3
`6 A4
`5 AS
`4 A6
`3 A7
`25
`A8
`24
`A9
`21
`A10
`23
`Al 1
`2
`A12
`26
`A13
`1
`A14
`20 cs
`27 WE
`2~ OE
`6264
`
`VCCv
`
`339
`
`~
`
`'
`
`I
`
`I
`
`l
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`I
`
`I
`1
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`L-
`
`-----------------------------
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 14 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 14 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`431
`
`U16
`
`433
`
`1CO
`1C1
`1C2
`1C3
`
`10
`11
`12
`13
`
`2CO
`2C1
`2C2
`2C3
`A 14
`B 2
`1
`1G 15
`2G
`
`409B
`INPUT 1
`INPUT 2
`INPUT 3
`INPUT 4
`409D409C
`
`SEL1
`SEL2
`
`74HC153
`
`GND
`
`FIG. 4b-3
`
`KEY TO FIG. 4b
`-
`
`FIG.
`4b-1
`
`FIG.
`4b-2
`
`FIG.
`4b-3
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 15 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`\0
`....
`Q0 =--.
`-...J
`....
`Ot
`
`~ a
`
`~
`~
`""""
`tll
`
`"""" ~
`~
`N
`
`00
`
`~ = r-
`
`~ a
`~ ....
`~ • rJl
`
`•
`
`FIG. 4c
`
`409
`
`INPUT
`
`AGND1
`
`AGND
`
`AGND
`
`20pF
`
`270pF 90.9
`24 R29
`
`8
`
`7
`
`6
`
`22
`R28
`
`0.1uF
`
`C21
`
`o.1uF
`C17
`
`C22
`
`5
`
`4
`
`3
`
`2
`
`DE1 OUT-
`
`.HA_
`
`..HA.
`
`OUT ~ )
`
`441
`
`IX1614
`U7
`
`420
`
`IN
`B..ff
`
`.L.lM.
`112
`
`68pF
`C13
`
`GC1 GC2
`113
`
`14
`
`BP2
`.L1M.
`l1s
`
`BP1
`llM.
`116
`.01u
`
`OUT
`IN
`J::IA. UM
`1a I 11
`
`AGND
`
`C18
`
`s1
`IN VCC GND GND2 VCC OUT PUT BIAS CAP
`HA
`.aeE EH
`
`47uF
`C11
`
`AVCC1
`
`22
`/IN--
`R27
`220
`R22
`K
`
`GND
`f
`
`vcc
`
`AGND1
`
`AVCC2
`
`47
`R2S
`
`2.1 i PD481PI
`
`44
`
`04 ~
`
`,. •
`
`AGND1 C14
`
`4.7K
`
`6BpFT R25
`
`C15 _[
`
`4.7K
`R24
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 16 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 16 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`460
`
`5 J
`
`500KHz
`
`445
`
`74HC04
`
`R1
`
`33K
`
`U3A _
`3
`...-----..
`
`74HC04
`
`C1
`20pF
`
`440
`__,
`2
`i-=-----'-'"-<UC:.,
`
`R3
`
`10K
`
`11
`
`74HC04
`
`428D
`PROTOCOL
`
`74HC00 441
`
`SUB-CARRIER
`444
`
`74HC00
`
`FIG. 4d
`
`461
`
`TC9
`
`20pF
`'v
`GND
`
`1M cm
`20pFT
`'v
`GND
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 17 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`~
`...
`0'\
`00
`-..,J
`...
`VI
`
`1,0
`~
`
`s,
`"""
`-..,I
`00 =-
`
`-'
`
`~
`~
`
`~
`1,0
`'""" 1,0
`"~
`N
`= ~
`
`~
`
`.....
`~
`=
`.....
`'"'O
`•
`• 00
`~
`
`GND
`
`N
`
`430d
`
`CATHODE4 }
`
`447d
`
`GND
`
`430c
`
`CATHODE 3 }
`
`74HC04
`
`74HC00
`
`5
`
`6
`
`445d
`
`5
`4 U6B
`
`74HC04
`
`3
`
`74HC00
`
`r
`13
`12 U4D
`
`8
`
`3
`
`74HC00
`
`U6A
`
`10
`9
`
`74HC00
`2
`1
`
`U6A
`
`,.,,--447c
`
`GND
`
`74HC04
`
`74HCOO
`
`430b
`
`430a
`
`CATHODE 2 }
`
`,,..--447b
`
`N
`
`~· ~-
`'Q'
`NPN
`03
`
`CATHODE 1 }
`
`446a
`
`447a
`
`74HC04
`
`1
`
`6
`
`445b
`
`4 U4B
`74HC00
`
`8
`
`13
`
`12 U3D
`
`3
`
`444
`
`74HC00
`
`U4C
`
`10
`9
`
`74HC00
`2
`1
`
`U4A
`
`FIG. 4e
`
`PORT4
`
`428-5\
`
`PORT3
`
`428-4
`
`428-3
`
`PORT2
`
`430
`
`TXD
`PORT 1
`
`428-2
`
`SUB-CARRIER
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 18 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 18 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`ANODE
`
`410
`
`ANODE 2
`
`451
`
`DB
`~L538
`
`D9
`~L538
`
`CATHODE 2
`447
`
`FIG. 4f
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 19 of 50
`
`

`

`Ii--
`N
`\0
`~ ._.
`00
`....J
`._.
`t.11
`
`\0
`w
`~
`"""'
`\0
`~
`~
`~
`
`00
`\0
`"""'
`\C
`~
`N
`~
`
`~
`
`~ ~ a
`e • rJ1
`
`•
`
`FACE
`RT
`
`UA
`
`11..l"T'"r-r"'I
`
`RXD
`
`CTS
`
`540
`
`TXD I
`
`-543 J -
`13 RXD -
`-542 J -
`11,
`FORM/BSY
`,-
`541 J
`..... -
`14 TXD
`
`-
`
`DTR.
`'
`
`544)
`
`-- ,-
`15 D/C
`
`P PWR-DN
`10
`
`.-:: RESET
`11
`
`(500
`
`TGND1
`l"lu
`
`TGND2
`u 3
`
`506
`-Decoder
`
`-Demodulator
`
`fill5
`
`507
`
`Data/Control
`
`Logic
`
`-
`
`508
`
`Encoder
`
`I
`
`513
`
`Control
`Power
`
`512
`
`i
`
`~
`
`-
`
`Generator
`Sub-carrier
`
`I
`12n
`Vee
`
`I
`20n
`EXT-CLK O-GND
`
`9n
`
`XTAL-OUT I tJ~ XTAL-IN
`
`17,)
`nu,
`(514
`
`18-.
`
`19n
`
`FREQ-SEL
`
`504
`r Threshold
`
`I
`
`AGC/
`I
`
`~
`
`AGND
`::J 5
`
`503
`Amplifier
`
`Head
`
`I
`
`8 7
`
`1
`/dd
`
`-502
`PIN Diode
`( Cathode
`7
`tnode6
`
`illri_
`
`Modulator
`
`.,_
`
`-
`-
`
`Driver
`Auxiliary i,.-,-
`
`509\
`
`I
`Driver
`Main ,.._
`
`51 o \
`
`4
`
`,A• ..
`
`1
`
`.A• A ..
`IRLED
`501
`
`Vee
`
`\
`
`FIG. 5
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 20 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 20 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`~ 6 0 0
`
`RESET
`
`RESET
`
`603
`
`D/C i
`
`DIC t
`
`605
`
`FIG. 6
`
`PWN-DN 7
`TxoJ
`
`PWN-DN 7
`Txo-1
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 21 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 21 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`~ 7 0 0
`
`TXDIR
`701
`
`IRTRANS
`
`510
`
`512
`SUB-CARRIER
`GENERATOR
`
`508
`
`ENCODER
`
`RXDGATE
`
`707
`
`702
`
`TXD
`
`704
`
`TXD
`DETECT
`
`703
`
`705
`
`AGC
`
`708
`
`504
`
`RXDIR
`
`706
`
`AMPLIFIER
`
`503
`
`IR REC
`
`502
`
`FIG. 7a
`'RXD GATE' block diagram
`
`> TXD*
`
`< TXD IR
`
`< RXD GATE
`
`to
`l
`
`to
`
`38 KHz +- 20% or
`500 KHz +- 10%
`
`FIG. 7b
`'RXD GATE' timing diagram
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 22 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 22 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`818
`
`815 74HC04
`
`819
`
`805
`
`VDD
`804
`
`R3
`
`-
`U2
`
`6
`8
`3
`
`V+
`SHON
`LBI
`FB
`GND
`
`5
`
`LX
`
`OUT
`
`2
`
`LBO
`
`812
`
`\_801
`
`821
`
`822
`
`+
`C1
`
`FIG. Ba
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 23 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 23 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`500
`
`13
`
`15
`16
`10
`11
`
`RXD
`TXD
`DIC
`FORM/BUSY
`PWRDN
`RESET
`
`XTALIN
`XTALOUT
`CLKFR
`EXTCLK
`PINA
`PINC
`LED1C
`LED2C
`TGND1
`TGND2
`
`17
`
`18
`9
`19
`6
`7
`1
`
`4
`2
`3
`
`813
`L1
`;.,_...---..r,r,,'V'\.._+-.L--oVDD
`
`+
`C2
`
`D10
`
`FIG. 8b
`
`-
`
`816
`011
`
`~
`
`VDD
`
`R4
`
`R5
`
`-
`
`\ 800
`
`KEY TO FIG. 8
`
`FIG. Ba
`
`FIG. Sb
`
`FIG.8
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 24 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 24 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`904
`
`906
`
`902
`
`D2909
`
`RxD
`
`GND
`
`903
`
`GND
`
`VDD
`
`907
`
`J2
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`
`\ 905
`
`\_901
`
`FIG. 9
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 25 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 25 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`N
`C)
`C)
`, -
`
`LO
`C)
`C)
`, -
`
`co
`0
`
`~
`•
`(!J
`LL
`
`-
`
`I
`
`w
`u
`<C-
`LLC)
`CCN w
`._. a:
`z --w
`a:o
`::;>
`<(W -o
`a:
`w
`en
`
`0
`
`0
`
`I~!
`
`, -
`0
`0 ,-
`
`..
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 26 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`"' \0
`~
`00
`"' '-I
`tit
`
`~ a
`
`~
`~
`~
`
`!
`....
`~01:i
`~
`E=-
`~
`
`~ = ~ ro a
`
`•
`rJl
`~ •
`
`"--D825F
`
`►
`
`))) IR
`
`◄
`
`O825M
`
`-----
`
`FIG. 1 Ob
`
`(can also be directly connected to printer)
`Centronics 36 pin male connector
`
`IR-1 D = IR-1 DE+ IR-2D
`PARALLEL IR INTERFACE DEVICE
`SERIAL-TO-PARRALEL CONVERTER
`GENERAL-PURPOSE (IR-1DE)
`
`1060
`
`\_
`
`1001
`
`IR-2D
`
`1051
`IR-1DE ¢:::?
`
`¢:::?
`
`1050
`
`(
`
`1052
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 27 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 27 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`IA
`
`IR
`
`1J
`
`,,
`
`IR
`RECEIVER
`
`11QI
`
`IA
`TRANSMITTER
`
`1106
`
`DECODER
`
`11M
`
`ENCODER
`
`1105
`
`. - - - - - - . i ~
`
`PROTOCOL CONTROL
`LOGIC
`
`1103
`
`POWER
`SUPPLY
`CIRCUITRY
`
`1W
`
`INTERFACE
`DRIVER/RECEIVER
`CIRCUITRY
`
`11Q2
`
`DB-25 FEMALE CONNECTOR
`
`FIG. 11 a
`
`r
`
`COMPUTER
`
`~
`1003
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 28 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 28 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`ACT-IR2D
`
`1001
`
`'
`
`,,
`
`(1051
`
`DB-25 MALE CONNECTOR
`
`•II
`
`1147
`
`••
`·~
`
`LED
`DRIVER
`ilia
`
`i
`
`SRAM
`
`-
`
`~
`
`-
`
`~
`
`1ill
`
`INTERFACE
`DRIVER/RECEIVER
`CIRCUITRY
`
`1148
`
`'
`
`EMBEDDED
`CONTROLLER
`1141
`
`'
`
`,.
`
`POWER
`SUPPLY
`CIRCUITRY
`
`1144
`
`1
`CENTRONICS 36 PIN MALE CONNECTOR
`
`INTERFACE
`DRIVER/RECEIVER
`CIRCUITRY
`
`1143
`
`lli2
`
`F IG. 11 b
`
`•
`
`PRINTER
`1053
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 29 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 29 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`D11
`
`DAN212K 1203
`vcc
`
`R4
`
`47K
`
`R5
`
`47K
`
`R3
`
`GND
`vcc
`
`GND
`vcc
`
`DAN212K
`1214A
`
`1213B
`DAN212K
`
`DAN212K
`12148
`
`1213C
`DAN212K
`
`DAN212K
`D8
`
`GND
`1214C
`
`~ 1 1 0 2
`
`vcc
`
`R6
`RESISTOR
`
`1220
`
`D
`
`1221
`
`1222
`
`1223
`
`1224
`
`6 U2A
`74C04
`
`5
`
`1216
`
`1
`
`CONNECTOR 0825
`
`FIG. 12a
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 30 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 30 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`I
`
`11204
`I I I
`I I
`I I
`I I
`
`I
`
`FIG. 12b
`
`1206
`
`OUT 1
`
`GND
`2
`
`GND
`
`U3
`MC78L05
`
`3
`
`IN
`
`(
`
`1101
`
`1205
`
`ruF
`
`r-1uF
`
`GND
`
`GND
`
`1220
`
`3
`
`U2B
`74C04
`
`1221
`
`1222
`
`x1 □
`3.6864MHz
`
`U1
`
`EXTCLK
`
`1212
`
`LED1C ,___ _ _ _ _ _,
`LED2C ~------1
`TGND1 ~ - - - ,
`TGND2 ~ - - - - . . - - - - - ,
`
`l - - - + - 4 - - - - - - - - - -16
`'.'i FORM/BSY
`L----------14
`-iTXD
`L----------_ ...... 15, D/C
`L------------- -------
`
`7- - - - - - i
`PINA i----:-
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 31 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 31 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`FIG. 12c
`
`L-...--,-------~.-----ovcc
`_lc10
`1207~C9
`~--J--1o_ou_F_~ 2os
`
`( 1 2 0 0
`
`vcc
`
`1004b
`
`D2
`LED
`
`~
`
`C2
`
`47uF
`
`C1
`
`0.1uF
`
`R1
`10R
`
`R2
`22R
`
`I
`I
`
`I I
`I I
`
`100~ z3
`
`!----------~- PHOTODIODE
`
`GND
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 32 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 32 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`.----1 ........... o PWRDN
`9 CLKFR
`
`i - - - - + - - - 1
`
`GND
`
`VA+1---8 - . - - . - - ,
`C4
`C3
`
`5
`
`AGND
`
`20 DGND
`
`vcc
`
`C6
`
`C5
`
`F3
`rvv"Y"'-.-e-------+-....:1~2 VD+
`BLM31A02
`013
`DAN212K
`
`0.1uF
`
`F4
`
`47uF
`
`GND
`
`FIG. 12d
`
`C58130
`
`F2
`
`BLM31A02
`F1
`
`BLM31A02
`
`KEY TO FIG. 12
`
`FIG. 12a FIG. 12b
`
`FIG. 12c
`
`FIG. 12d
`
`FIG.12
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 33 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 33 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`FIG 13a-1
`.
`
`U1
`
`1141\
`
`cf
`r---4,
`33pF
`
`~:
`
`33pF
`GND
`
`V
`cc
`0
`
`• R7
`~~100K
`
`_ .... c1
`i0.1uF
`
`G
`ND
`
`P_CTS+O
`P_RTS+
`P_DTR+
`LED_O
`
`GND
`
`-
`j_ Y1
`
`9 24MHZ
`
`-
`
`BUSY+
`ACK+
`SLCT
`ERROR+
`
`35 ENVP
`21
`X1
`
`20
`
`X2
`
`10 RESET
`14
`INTO
`15
`INT1
`16
`TO
`17 T1
`
`IR FORM/BS" 2
`Pl.0
`3 P1.1
`IR DIC
`4
`IA RESET
`P1.2
`5
`LED ON
`P1.3
`. ....§
`P1.4
`7 Pl.5
`e
`P1.6
`i-J
`P1.7
`
`INIT+
`8TB+
`
`)
`
`P_RXOO
`P_TXD
`
`1308
`
`80C31PLCC
`
`1304)
`
`7
`1305_/
`
`P0.0 43
`P0.1 42
`P0.2 41
`40
`P0.3
`39
`P0.4
`P0.5 38
`P0.6 37
`P0.7 36
`24
`P2.0
`P2.1 25
`26
`P2.2
`27
`P2.3
`28
`P2.4
`29
`P2.5
`30
`P2.6
`31
`P2.7
`+
`19
`-
`RD
`18 HR+
`WR
`,_32
`PSEN
`33 ALE
`ALE/P
`13
`TXD
`RXD ....1L
`
`\
`
`- - -
`
`~-------------- -
`
`1306
`...
`R20,.,. ,.100
`....
`R21,.,. 100
`.....
`R22 •• JOO
`R23,.. ,.100
`'V
`.....
`R24 _.. JOO
`R25.,. 100
`....
`.....
`R26,.. 100
`....
`R27 ... JOO
`A8
`A9
`AA
`
`I
`I
`
`l
`I
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`l
`
`I
`I
`l
`I
`I
`
`'\
`
`I
`I
`
`AC
`AD
`
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`--.
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`" I
`AB "
`'\ I
`AE "
`AF " I
`~1307 "' I
`I
`I
`I I
`I I I
`I
`I I
`I I I
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 34 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 34 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`ADO
`I AD1
`AD2
`AD3
`I AD4
`ADS
`I AD6
`AD7
`
`AD[0 .. 7
`
`1311
`
`U2
`3
`DO
`4
`D1
`7
`D2
`8
`03
`13
`D4
`14
`17 05
`D6
`18 D7
`1 oc
`11 G
`74HC373
`
`AD7
`AD6
`ADS
`AD4
`ADO
`AD1
`AD2
`AD3
`
`GND
`
`A7
`2
`QO
`A6
`5
`01
`AS
`6
`02
`9
`A4
`Q3
`AO
`12
`04
`Al
`15
`as 16 ~
`Q6
`A3
`Q7 19
`
`1301
`
`ADO
`11
`DO 12
`AD1
`D1 13 AD2
`D2
`15 AD3
`03
`16 AD4
`04
`D5 17 ADS
`18 AD6
`D6
`19 AD7
`D7
`
`FIG. 13a-2
`U3
`10
`9 AO
`A1
`8
`~
`7
`A3
`6
`A4
`5 AS
`4
`A6
`3
`A7
`25 A8
`24 A9
`21 A10
`23 A11
`2 A12
`26 A13
`1 A14
`20 cs
`HR+ 27 WE
`RD+ 2 OE
`6264
`
`1145
`
`( 1 1 4 3
`
`01 2
`02 5
`03 6
`9
`
`R40
`R41
`R42
`R43
`
`A(8 .. F]
`
`U4
`'-A=D=0_3--1Dl
`-.....;.;A0 __ 1_4--tD2
`--.AD ___ 2 __ -;7
`03
`AD3
`8
`13 D4
`AD4
`14 OS
`ADS
`17 De
`AD6
`18 D7
`AD7
`------1D8
`11
`
`74HC377
`
`1302
`
`10
`
`74C04
`
`I
`
`~----------------------
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 35 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 35 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`--------------------1
`
`VCC
`
`A1
`2.2K
`
`R2
`2.2K
`
`1313
`P _INIT+
`
`74HC07
`1314e use
`6
`
`I
`
`P_ERROR+ i
`I I
`
`I
`
`1314a
`
`1303
`
`FIG. 13a-3
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 36 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 36 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`,---------------------- -- ·- ,-.. ·- - ,-.. ~-r
`~-
`I
`I
`1310
`I I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`..:D
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`
`~
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`
`I
`' I I
`
`I
`
`FIG. 13a-4
`
`r-1312
`
`KEY TO FIG. 13a
`
`FIG.
`13a-1
`
`FIG.
`13a-2
`
`FIG.
`13a-3
`
`FIG.
`13a-4
`
`FIG.
`13a-5
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 37 of 50
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 28, 1998
`
`Sheet 37 of 39
`
`5,786,921
`
`J1
`
`CENT36
`
`PD6
`PD7
`P_ACK+
`P_BUSY
`P_PE
`P_SELCT
`
`P _INIT+
`P_ERROR+
`
`GND
`
`GND
`PRN_VCC
`
`PRN_VCC
`
`FIG. 13a-5
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 38 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`\0
`...
`0\
`00
`... .......
`
`Ot
`
`\0
`~
`s,
`~
`f!
`~
`
`00
`~
`J~
`~ = :■""
`
`~
`
`"""" ~ = """"
`
`~
`~
`•
`
`0 • rJ).
`
`ilia
`
`47K
`
`2K
`
`24b
`
`325a
`
`1327d
`
`K
`
`vcc
`
`R11
`;
`
`I r7
`
`I
`
`1308-0
`
`1305
`
`1308-1
`
`b
`
`1
`
`S+~
`
`P
`
`P_RXD
`
`1327a
`
`D o-f._TXD
`p _RTS+D P _RTS+
`P _DTB+D P _OTB+ ONNECTOR DB25
`
`_
`
`1£-
`
`7
`
`74C04
`
`2
`
`~ 46A
`
`25
`
`-
`
`c
`
`GND
`
`I
`
`DTR
`
`I :~:
`
`CTS
`
`TXD
`
`vcc
`
`: : I l:
`
`-
`
`FIG. 13b
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 39 of 50
`
`

`

`~
`N
`\0
`,..
`0",
`00
`~
`f..11
`
`~
`~
`~
`!
`g3
`
`"""'
`"""' g
`~
`•
`e • 00
`
`-=
`
`0C
`~
`~
` =-
`
`~
`
`O vcc
`
`t
`
`t
`
`t
`
`f
`
`t
`
`t
`
`t
`
`t
`
`1332
`DAN21215_l_C20
`~'i)I ♦
`'.< \ 02
`1330
`
`FIG. 13d
`
`GND
`
`1335
`
`GND
`
`2
`GND
`
`OUT
`
`1
`MC78068T
`U9
`
`IN
`
`GND
`
`GND
`
`GND
`
`13)
`
`J7uF -r-1uF
`
`C1
`
`C10
`
`DC POWER JACK EXT_PAR
`
`Jj}
`
`(1144
`
`I
`
`DAN212K
`~3
`
`1331
`
`I
`
`L-----------------------------------------------
`
`1333)
`
`PRN_VCC D PRN VCC
`
`! FIG. 13c
`
`2N4401
`
`47K
`132¾No
`'./W
`, .... --~ 01
`
`1308-37
`
`LEo_oN D
`
`LED ON
`
`r----------------------------------------------
`
`~LED
`
`D3
`
`2.2K
`RB
`
`vcc
`
`1146
`
`TBD
`OPTIONAL LED
`
`Ex.1016
`APPLE INC. / Page 40 of 50
`
`

`

`5.786,921
`
`1
`INFRARED COMMUNICATION DEVICE
`FOR MULTISTANDARD OPERATIONS
`
`This application is a division of application Ser. No.
`08/290330. filed Aug. 15, 1994 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,617. 5
`236.
`
`2
`roost other media. proper reception in a device's receiver can
`be interfered by reflections ("echoes") of the device's own
`transmitted signal. Two undesirable side effects can result
`from such an interference. First, the reflected signal can be
`mistaken for a signal to be received. Second, the strength of
`a device's own echo can interfere with the receiver's auto-
`matic gain control (AGC) circuit, which is often present in
`a receiver circuit to automatically compensate for signal
`strength of the incoming signal. Such an interference results
`10 in a high error rate because of improper amplification of the
`received signal To alleviate these undesirable effects. two
`solutions are proposed: (i) echoes can be eliminated by
`software and (ii) AGC circuits should not be used. However.
`neither solution is satisfactory because ( i) elimination of
`15 echoes by software is a complex operation. leading to undue
`complexity in the resulting circuit. and (ii) AGC circuits are
`desirable because the device roust adapt to a wide range of
`signal strengths and environmental conditions under which
`a device using IR communication can be used.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to wireless communication;
`and. in particular. relates to wireless communication using
`radiation in the infrared (IR) range of frequencies ("IR
`frequencies").
`2. Discussion of the Related Art
`Wireless communication using IR frequencies have been
`used extensively in remote control applications of appli(cid:173)
`ances and consumer electronics products. Recently. IR trans(cid:173)
`ceivers are also used for data communication applications in
`devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and 20
`portable computers.
`In the past, for remote control applications in appliances
`and consumer electronic devices. a 38 KHz amplitude
`shift-key (ASK) informal standard (the "VCR" standard) is
`widely used among manufacturers to allow interoperability
`of IR remote control devices. Today. however. most PDAs
`and portable computers use different signal modulation
`schemes and proprietary communication protocols. For
`example. the "Wizard" line of "palmtop" computers. from
`Sharp Electronics Corp .• and the "Newton" PDAs, from
`Apple Computers Inc. share a common protocol and a 500
`KHz ASK signal modulation scheme ("SHARP" modulation
`scheme and protocol). which is not compatible with IR
`transceivers in other palmtop computers, such as those
`manufactured by Hewlett-Packard company. which use a 35
`signal modulation scheme ("HP-SIR scheme") involving a
`single signal pulse per period.
`For IR communication to achieve wide acceptance in data
`communication applications. a uniform signal modulation
`scheme and communication protocol ("uniform IR commu(cid:173)
`nication standard") is required. for example, in an IR-linked
`network. Such a uniform IR communication standard allows
`communication among a potentially large number of
`devices. such as portable computers. printers. file servers,
`and other desktop computers and workstations. For this
`purpose, the "Infrared Data Association" (JrDA) is formed to
`propose such a uniform IR communication standard ("JrDA
`standard") for all IR data communications. At this time. the
`JrDA standard uses the HP-SIR scheme at the "physical
`layer" and an HLDC-SIR communication protocol at the
`''link layer". This IrDA standard supports these bit rates: 2.4
`Kbps. 9.6 Kbps. 19.2 Kbps, 38.4 Kbps. 57.6 Kbps, and 115.2
`Kbps.
`Because of the large number of communication standards 55
`used in today's IR communication. at both the physical and
`the link layers. a communication device which handles all
`the underlying signal modulation and protocol translations
`to allow two or more IR-capable devices to communicate
`without user intervention is clearly desirable. Furthermore.
`an external communication device which can be used as an
`attachment to provide an electronic device IR capability is
`also desired.
`Unlike remote control applications. in which only one(cid:173)
`way communication is required. roost data communication
`applications are bidirectional: i.e. data is both received and
`transmitted in each device. In IR communication. unlike
`
`40
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`In accordance with the present invention. an infrared
`radiation (IR) interface device is provided. The IR interface
`device includes (i) a wired input/output (1/0) port for
`25 receiving from a host computer data to be transmitted and
`for providing to the host computer data received by the IR
`interface device; (ii) an IR transceiver for transmitting data
`modulated for transmission as IR signals. and for receiving
`modulated data from IR signals detected; and (iii) a central
`30 processing unit. coupled to the wired port and the IR
`transceiver. for (i) modulating the data to be transmitted. and
`(ii) demodulating the modulated data received as data
`received by the IR interface device.
`In one embodiment of the present invention. the IR
`interface device further includes a non-volatile semiconduc(cid:173)
`tor memory for storing firmware executed by the central
`processing unit. The IR interface device may further include
`a second wired I/0 port for providing data received by the
`IR interface device to an electronic device. such as a printer.
`Also, the IR interface device may further include a volatile
`memory for storing data received by the IR interface device.
`In another embodiment of the present invention. the IR
`interface device further includes a power supply circuit.
`45 which receives power from one of the following sources: (i)
`an external power supply. (ii) a battery housed in the IR
`interface device, and (iii) a signal line of the host computer
`coupled to the wired port.
`The IR interface device converts an 1/0 port of a data
`50 device, e.g. a printer or a portable computer. into an IR
`communication port. Further, the IR interface device of the
`present invention allows the IR communication port thus
`achieved to use a large number of different IR protocols and
`signal modulation schemes.
`In accordance with another aspect of the present
`invention, an infrared radiation (IR) conference device is
`provided. The IR conference device includes: (i) a housing
`including first and second windows through which IR sig(cid:173)
`nals can be transmitted or received; (b) first and second IR
`transceivers, each IR transceiver located within the housing
`behind a corresponding window for transmitting data as IR
`signals through such window, and for receiving modulated
`data from IR signals detected through the corresponding
`window; and (c) a central processing unit.