throbber
)(..(,- .+ *'./,(
`
`VX^Y gZeZVi gZ\^dc d[ i]Z ;.;< \ZcZ VcY V .-)We gZ\^dc d[ i]Z 1@20& \ZcZ i]Vi ^h gZeZViZY
`je id [djg i^bZh* N]Z Va^\cZY YViV hZih lZgZ i]Z [daadl^c\ aZc\i]h6 ;.;< $-(-20 We%7 CL<J
`$-(.5. We%7 kQ@ $-(.1- We%7 -.M gLH;+iLH; kVa^cZ)-2M gLH; $.(,,- We%7 VcY <L=;-
`$.(503 We%* ;a^\cbZcih [dg i]Z XdcXViZcViZY $;.;< ' CL<J ' kQ@ ' gLH;% VcY <L=;-
`YViV hZih VgZ VkV^aVWaZ ^c i]Z MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc* J]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh ^cXajYZY
`jclZ^\]iZY VcY igVchkZgh^dc eVgh^bdcn( b^c^bjb Zkdaji^dc $1(3,4)We YViV hZi% dg
`cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\ $<L=;- YViV hZi% l^i] ad\YZi VcY bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY)ANL.0
`Y^hiVcXZh( cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\ l^i] lZ^\]iZY VkZgV\Z $Q;P?% bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY
`Y^hiVcXZh.1( VcY bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY jcYZg i]Z BES41 $gZ[* .0% bdYZa d[ hZfjZcXZ
`Zkdaji^dc* AVeh lZgZ XdYZY Vh b^hh^c\ ^c eVgh^bdcn VcVanhZh* GVm^bjb)a^`Za^]ddY
`Zhi^bViZh d[ gZaVi^kZ gViZh VcY igVch^i^dc id igVchkZgh^dc gVi^dh lZgZ dWiV^cZY [gdb
`bVm^bjb eVgh^bdcn igZZh VcY jhZY ^c hjWhZfjZci bVm^bjb)a^`Za^]ddY VcVanhZh VcY ^c
`XVaXjaVi^c\ lZ^\]iZY)VkZgV\Z bVm^bjb)a^`Za^]ddY Y^hiVcXZh* <ddihigVe hjeedgi kVajZh
`VgZ WVhZY dc 1,, gZea^XVi^dch ZmXZei [dg bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY $-,, gZea^XVi^dch%*
`GVm^bjb)a^`Za^]ddY WddihigVe VcVanhZh l^i] i]Z <L=;- YViV hZi jhZY i]Z [daadl^c\
`WVX`WdcZ XdchigV^ci( l]ZgZ iVmdc cjbWZgh XdggZhedcY id i]Z dgYZg^c\ d[ iVmV $ide id
`Wdiidb% ^c @^\* -<6 $$$-t0%( $1( 2%( $3( 4%%( $$5( -,%( --)-0%( $-1( -2%( $-3( -4%( -5t.-(
`$$$$..t.0%( .1%( .2%( .3%( .4( $.5( /,%( /-t/1( $$/2( /3%( $/4( /5%( $0,( 0-%%( $$0.( 0/%( 00%(
`$01( 02%( 03( $$04( 05%( 1,( 1-%%* E^h]^cd VcY BVhZ\VlV iZhih.0 lZgZ jhZY id ZmVb^cZ F UWNTWN
`]nedi]ZhZh VcY id ZmVb^cZ hiVi^hi^XVaan VXXZeiVWaZ gddi adXVi^dch* Cc i]Z aViiZg XVhZ( lZ
`dWiV^cZY i]Z WZhi jcgddiZY a^`Za^]ddY igZZ [dg ZVX] YViV hZi VcY i]Zc ZkVajViZY Vaa edhh^WaZ
`gddi edh^i^dch* ;aa e]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh VcY hiVi^hi^XVa iZhih lZgZ eZg[dgbZY l^i] J;OJ
`0*,W. $gZ[* .2%( ZmXZei [dg cZ^\]Wdjg)_d^c^c\ l^i] lZ^\]iZY VkZgV\Z Y^hiVcXZh( l]ZgZ
`VcVanhZh lZgZ eZg[dgbZY l^i] JBSFCJ /*13. $D* @ZahZchiZ^c% VcY Q;P?<IIN $>* E^c\
`VcY =* EgV_Zlh`^%* GVm^bjb)a^`Za^]ddY VcVanhZh l^i] gViZ eVgi^i^dch VaadlZY i]Z
`[daadl^c\ Z^\]i gViZ eVgi^i^dch l^i] i]Z 1(3,4)We YViV hZi6 i]^gY edh^i^dch d[ ZVX] cjXaZVg
`\ZcZ7 rghi ' hZXdcY edh^i^dch d[ ZVX] cjXaZVg \ZcZ7 LH; hiZbh7 VcY LH; addeh* Nld gViZ
`eVgi^i^dch( XdggZhedcY^c\ id rghi ' hZXdcY VcY i]^gY XdYdc edh^i^dch( gZheZXi^kZan( lZgZ
`jhZY l^i] i]Z <L=;- YViV hZi* HD)Q;P? VcVanhZh jhZY V lZ^\]iZY)VkZgV\Z Y^hiVcXZ
`VeegdVX].1 l^i] i]Z Z^\]i eVgi^i^dch ^cY^XViZY VWdkZ [dg i]Z 1(3,4)We YViV hZi VcY ild
`eVgi^i^dch $rghi ' hZXdcY XdYdc edh^i^dch7 i]^gY XdYdc edh^i^dch% [dg i]Z .(503)We YViV
`hZi7 ZVX] eVgi^i^dc lVh VaadlZY ^ih dlc gViZ( WVhZ Xdbedh^i^dc( VcY igVch^i^dc id
`igVchkZgh^dc gVi^d* GdciZ =Vgad h^bjaVi^dch lZgZ eZg[dgbZY l^i] MZf)AZc -*- $gZ[* .3%
`$MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc%* GdaZXjaVg YViZh lZgZ Zhi^bViZY jh^c\ K>;N?.4
`$MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc%*
`
`LZXZ^kZY /, ;j\jhi7 VXXZeiZY -, IXidWZg .,,,*
`
`-* HdkVXZ`( G* D* GVbbVa^Vc e]nad\Zcn6 h]V`^c\ i]Z igZZ* =FYZWJ )+,# -.-t-.1 $-55.%*
`.* M]dh]Vc^( D* " GXEZccV( G* =* B^\]Zg iVmdcdb^X gZaVi^dch]^eh Vbdc\ ZmiVci bVbbVah WVhZY dc
`bdge]dad\n( l^i] hZaZXiZY XdbeVg^hdch d[ gZhjaih [gdb bdaZXjaVg YViV* <TQ$ ?M^QTLJSJY$ 4[TQ$ /# 13.t
`140 $-554%*
`/* YZ Ddc\( Q* Q* GdaZXjaZh gZbdYZa i]Z bVbbVa^Vc igZZ* BWJSIX 4HTQ$ 4[TQ$ ')# .3,t.31 $-554%*
`0* Meg^c\Zg( G* M*( <jg`( ;*( EVkVcV\]( D* L*( QVYYZaa( P* A* " MiVc]deZ( G* D* N]Z ^ciZge]didgZXZeidg
`gZi^cd^Y W^cY^c\ egdiZ^c \ZcZ ^c i]Zg^Vc bVbbVah6 ^bea^XVi^dch [dg ]^\]Zg aZkZa gZaVi^dch]^eh VcY
`Zk^YZcXZ [dg adhh d[ [jcXi^dc ^c i]Z bVghje^Va bdaZ* ?WTH$ =FYQ 0HFI$ AHN$ CA0 /*# -/310t-/315 $-553%*
`1* Meg^c\Zg( G* M* JY FQ* ?cYZb^X ;[g^XVc bVbbVah h]V`Z i]Z e]nad\ZcZi^X igZZ* =FYZWJ )..# 2-t20 $-553%*
`2* MiVc]deZ( G* D* JY FQ* GdaZXjaVg Zk^YZcXZ [dg bjai^eaZ dg^\^ch d[ CchZXi^kdgV VcY [dg V cZl dgYZg d[
`ZcYZb^X ;[g^XVc ^chZXi^kdgZ bVbbVah* ?WTH$ =FYQ 0HFI$ AHN$ CA0 /+# 5523t553. $-554%*
`3* NZZa^c\( ?* =* JY FQ$ GdaZXjaVg Zk^YZcXZ gZ\VgY^c\ i]Z dg^\^c d[ ZX]dadXVi^dc VcY s^\]i ^c WVih* =FYZWJ
`*&)# -44t-5. $.,,,%*
`4* ;h]Zg( L* D* ; bdge]dad\^XVa WVh^h [dg VhhZhh^c\ i]Z e]nad\Zcn d[ i]Z UNZcgZXd^YZV# $GVbbVa^V(
`F^edine]aV%* 2QFINXYNHX '+# ./-t.1. $-555%*
`5* FjX`Zii( Q* J* " BVgiZcWZg\Zg( D*)F* Gdcde]nan dg edane]nan d[ i]Z dgYZg LdYZci^V6 Jdhh^WaZ Xdcs^Xi
`WZilZZc bdge]dad\^XVa VcY bdaZXjaVg ^ciZgegZiVi^dch* 9$ <FRRFQ$ 4[TQ$ '# -.3t-03 $-55/%*
`-,* QVYYZaa( J* D*( =Vd( S*( BVj[( D* " BVhZ\VlV( G* Oh^c\ cdkZa e]nad\ZcZi^X bZi]dYh id ZkVajViZ
`bVbbVa^Vc bi>H;( ^cXajY^c\ Vb^cd VX^Y)^ckVg^Vci h^iZh)ad\YZi eajh h^iZ hig^ee^c\( id YZiZXi
`^ciZgcVa Xdcs^Xih ^c i]Z YViV( l^i] heZX^Va gZ[ZgZcXZ id i]Z edh^i^dch d[ ]ZY\Z]d\( VgbVY^aad VcY
`ZaZe]Vci* A^XY$ 1NTQ$ *.# /-t1/ $-555%*
`--* JZccn( >*( GVhZ\VlV( G*( QVYYZaa( J* D* " BZcYn( G* >* GVbbVa^Vc Zkdaji^dc6 N^b^c\ VcY
`^bea^XVi^dch [gdb jh^c\ i]Z ad\YZiZgb^cVci igVch[dgb [dg egdiZ^ch d[ Y^[[Zg^c\ Vb^cd VX^Y
`Xdbedh^i^dc* A^XY$ 1NTQ$ *.# 32t5/ $-555%*
`-.* GXEZccV( G* =* " <Zaa( M* E* 2QFXXN`HFYNTS TK <FRRFQX 0GT[J YMJ AUJHNJX ;J[JQ $=dajbW^V Oc^k* JgZhh(
`HZl Sdg`( -553%*
`-/* LV^c\Zg( L* 0LJSIF KTW 0SYNVZNY^/ 7JSW^ 5FNW`JQI >XGTWS FSI DJWYJGWFYJ ?FQJTSYTQTL^ FY YMJ 0RJWNHFS
`<ZXJZR TK =FYZWFQ 7NXYTW^# &-.%b&.(* $Oc^k* ;aVWVbV JgZhh( NjhXVaddhV( ;aVWVbV( -55-%*
`-0* EjbVg( M* " BZY\Zh( M* <* ; bdaZXjaVg i^bZhXVaZ [dg kZgiZWgViZ Zkdaji^dc* =FYZWJ )/(# 5-3t5.,
`$-554%*
`-1* @ddiZ( G*( BjciZg( D* J*( DVc^h( =* G* " MZe`dh`^( D* D* Dg ?kdaji^dcVgn VcY egZhZgkVi^dcVa XdchigV^cih dc
`dg^\^ch d[ W^dad\^X \gdjeh6 Y^kZg\ZcXZ i^bZh d[ Zji]Zg^Vc bVbbVah* AHNJSHJ (.)# -/-,t-/-0 $-555%*
`-2* L^X]( N* B* JY FQ* ; ig^Wdhe]Zc^X bVbbVa [gdb i]Z GZhdod^X d[ ;jhigVa^V* AHNJSHJ (-.# -0/4t-00.
`$-553%*
`-3* GdjX]Vin( M* E*( AjaaWZg\( ;*( DVc`Z( ;* " ;gcVhdc( O* N]Z e]nad\ZcZi^X edh^i^dc d[ i]Z NVae^YVZ
`l^i]^c ?ji]Zg^V WVhZY dc VcVanh^h d[ XdbeaZiZ b^idX]dcYg^Va hZfjZcXZh* <TQ$ 1NTQ$ 4[TQ$ '-# 2,t23
`$.,,,%*
`-4* QVYYZaa( J* D*( I`VYV( H* " BVhZ\VlV( G* NdlVgYh gZhdak^c\ i]Z ^ciZgdgY^cVa gZaVi^dch]^eh d[ eaVXZciVa
`bVbbVah* A^XY$ 1NTQ$ *.# -t1 $-555%*
`-5* LVhbjhhZc( >* N* ^c BMJ 4[TQZYNTS TK ?JWNXXTIFHY^QX $ZYh Jgdi]Zgd( >* L* " MX]dX]( L* G*% 13t34
`$Im[dgY Oc^k* JgZhh( Im[dgY( -545%*
`.,* GVii]Zl( Q* >* N]Z =Vgc^kdgV VcY CchZXi^kdgV d[ i]Z <g^Y\Zg WVh^c( b^YYaZ ?dXZcZ* <JR$ 0R$ =FY$
`7NXY$ /# .5-t123 $-5,5%*
`.-* HdkVXZ`( G* D* N]Z h`jaa d[ aZei^Xi^Y ^chZXi^kdgVch VcY i]Z ]^\]Zg)aZkZa XaVhh^rXVi^dc d[ Zji]Zg^Vc
`bVbbVah* 1ZQQ$ 0R$ <ZX$ =FY$ 7NXY$ '.)# -t--- $-542%*
`..* ?VhiZVa( M* GdaZXjaVg Zk^YZcXZ [dg i]Z ZVgan Y^kZg\ZcXZ d[ eaVXZciVa bVbbVah* 1NT4XXF^X ('# -,1.t-,14
`$-555%*
`
`./* N]dbehdc( D* >*( B^\\^ch( A* >* " A^Whdc( N* D* =FOMN;F Q6 Cbegdk^c\ i]Z hZch^i^k^in d[ egd\gZhh^kZ
`bjai^eaZ hZfjZcXZ Va^\cbZci i]gdj\] hZfjZcXZ lZ^\]i^c\( edh^i^dc)heZX^rX \Ve eZcVai^Zh VcY lZ^\]i
`bVig^m X]d^XZ* =ZHQJNH 0HNIX @JX$ ((# 023/t024, $-550%*
`.0* Mld[[dgY( >* F*( IahZc( A* J*( QVYYZaa( J* D* " B^aa^h( >* G* ^c <TQJHZQFW A^XYJRFYNHX $ZYh B^aa^h( >* G*(
`Gdg^io( =* " GVWaZ( <* E*% 0,3t05. $M^cVjZg( MjcYZgaVcY( GVhhVX]jhZiih( -552%*
`.1* EgV_Zlh`^( =*( <aVX`Zi( G*( <jX`aZn( F* " QZhiZgbVc( G* ; bjai^\ZcZ VhhZhhbZci d[ e]nad\ZcZi^X
`gZaVi^dch]^eh l^i]^c i]Z YVhnjg^Y bVghje^Va hjW[Vb^an Mb^ci]deh^cVZ* <TQ$ ?M^QTLJSJY$ 4[TQ$ .# ./2t
`.04 $-553%*
`.2* Mld[[dgY( >* F* J;OJ&* J]nad\ZcZi^X ;cVanh^h Oh^c\ JVgh^bdcn $& VcY Ii]Zg GZi]dYh% PZgh^dc 0(
`$M^cVjZg( MjcYZgaVcY( GVhhVX]jhZiih( -554%*
`.3* LVbWVji( ;* " AgVhhan( H* =* MZf)AZc6 ;c Veea^XVi^dc [dg i]Z GdciZ =Vgad h^bjaVi^dc d[ >H;
`hZfjZcXZ Zkdaji^dc Vadc\ e]nad\ZcZi^X igZZh* 2TRUZY$ 0UUQ$ 1NTXHN$ ')# /,/t/,2 $-553%*
`.4* LVbWVji( ;* " <gdb]Vb( F* ?hi^bVi^c\ Y^kZg\ZcXZ YViZh [gdb bdaZXjaVg hZfjZcXZh* <TQ$ 1NTQ$ 4[TQ$
`'+# 00.t004 $-554%*
`
`:RMMICJCKQ?OV GKDLOJ?QGLK ^h VkV^aVWaZ dc =FYZWJ#h QdgaY)Q^YZ QZW h^iZ
`$]iie6++lll*cVijgZ*Xdb% dg Vh eVeZg Xden [gdb i]Z FdcYdc ZY^idg^Va d[rXZ d[ =FYZWJ*
`
`#)/23:0+*,+1+287
`
`QZ i]Vc` @* =VioZs^h [dg i^hhjZ hVbeaZh* N]^h ldg` lVh hjeedgiZY Wn i]Z HM@ $G*M*M*% VcY
`i]Z NGL egd\gVb d[ i]Z ?jgdeZVc =dbb^hh^dc $Q*Q*Y*D*7 G*D*M*%*
`
`=dggZhedcYZcXZ VcY gZfjZhih [dg bViZg^Vah h]djaY WZ VYYgZhhZY id G*M*M*
`$Z)bV^a6 bVg`*heg^c\Zg:jXg*ZYj%*
`
`*****************************************************************
`.B?97G?6D C<I?B;9A9F=7E 6A8 F<9
`BD=;=AE B: C?679AF6? @6@@6?E
`
`3=??=6@ ,$ .GDC<I&u# )8G6D8B )=J=D=>&vu# 36DD9A )$ ,B<AEBA&#
`46 0=A; 5<6A;q# /?=H9D %$ 1I89D! ! 2F9C<9A ,$ /"&D=9A&
`
`& ;FGTWFYTW^ TK 6JSTRNH 3N[JWXNY^# =FYNTSFQ 2FSHJW 8SXYNYZYJ# 5WJIJWNHP#
`<FW^QFSI '&,%'# CA0
`q :J^ ;FGTWFYTW^ TK 2JQQZQFW FSI <TQJHZQFW 4[TQZYNTS# :ZSRNSL 8SXYNYZYJ TK
`ETTQTL^# 2MNSJXJ 0HFIJR^ TK AHNJSHJX# :ZSRNSL# 2MNSF
`! 2JSYJW KTW @JUWTIZHYNTS TK 4SIFSLJWJI AUJHNJX# ETTQTLNHFQ ATHNJY^ TK AFS 3NJLT#
`AFS 3NJLT# 2FQNKTWSNF .'&&'# CA0
`v 3JUFWYRJSY TK 1NTQTL^# CSN[JWXNY^ TK <FW^QFSI# 2TQQJLJ ?FWP# <FW^QFSI '%,)'#
`CA0
`u BMJXJ FZYMTWX HTSYWNGZYJI JVZFQQ^ YT YMNX \TWP
`
`%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
`;FC MOCAGPC FGCO?OAFV LD ?KAGCKQ BGSCOECKAC CSCKQP QF?Q ICB QL QFC
`MOCPCKQ ?PPCJ@I?EC LD JLBCOK MI?ACKQ?I J?JJ?IP F?P @CCK ?K
`?OC? LD ALKQOLSCOPV ?JLKE JLOMFLILEGPQP# M?I?CLKQLILEGPQP ?KB
`JLICARI?O CSLIRQGLKGPQP% 5COC TC ?BBOCPP QFC MLQCKQG?I TC?HKCPPCP
`LD IGJGQCB AF?O?AQCO ?KB Q?ULK P?JMIGKE GK ? ALJMOCFCKPGSC
`JLICARI?O MFVILECKCQGA ?K?IVPGP LD ,* PMCAGCP P?JMICB ?AOLPP ?II
`CUQ?KQ LOBCOP LD MI?ACKQ?I J?JJ?IP% =C CU?JGKCB PCNRCKAC
`S?OG?QGLK GK '. FLJLILELRP ECKC PCEJCKQP !GKAIRBGKE KC?OIV
`'&#&&& @?PC M?GOP" QF?Q TCOC PCICAQCB DLO J?UGJ?I MFVILECKCQGA
`GKDLOJ?QGSCKCPP GK OCPLISGKE QFC FGCO?OAFV LD C?OIV J?JJ?IG?K
`BGSCOECKAC% 9FVILECKCQGA ?K?IVPCP GBCKQGDV DLRO MOGJ?OV PRMCO$
`LOBGK?I AI?BCP0 !6" 2DOLQFCOG? !CICMF?KQP# J?K?QCCP# FVO?UCP#
`QCKOCAP# ??OBS?OH ?KB CICMF?KQ PFOCTP"1 !66" >CK?OQFO? !PILQFP#
`?KQC?QCOP ?KB ?OJ?BGIILP"1 !666" 4IGOCP !OLBCKQP ?KB I?ELJLOMFP"#
`?P ? PGPQCO Q?ULK QL MOGJ?QCP# WVGKE ICJROP ?KB QOCC PFOCTP1 ?KB
`!6<" QFC OCJ?GKGKE LOBCOP LD MI?ACKQ?I J?JJ?IP !ACQ?AC?KP#
`?OQGLB?AQVIP# MCOGPPLB?AQVIP# A?OKGSLOCP# M?KELIGKP# @?QP ?KB ALOC
`GKPCAQGSLOCP"% 8RO OCPRIQP MOLSGBC KCT GKPGEFQ GKQL QFC M?QQCOK LD
`QFC C?OIV MI?ACKQ?I J?JJ?I O?BG?QGLK%
`N]Z eVcdean d[ bdge]dad\^XVa( ZXdad\^XVa VcY \Zcdb^X Y^kZgh^in
`Vbdc\ ZmiVci bVbbVah d[[Zgh Xdch^YZgVWaZ ediZci^Va [dg hijY^Zh d[
`heZX^Vi^dc( VYVeiVi^dc( bdaZXjaVg Zkdaji^dc( \ZcdbZ dg\Vc^oVi^dc
`VcY W^d\Zd\gVe]n-t/* MijY^Zh dc bdge]dad\n VcY Wdi] b^idX]dc)
`Yg^Va VcY cjXaZVg \ZcZh ]VkZ gZkZVaZY hZkZgVa ]^\]Zg aZkZa e]nad)
`\ZcZi^X VhhdX^Vi^dch.(0t3( Wji V [jaa gZhdaji^dc d[ i]Z ZVga^Zhi eaVXZciVa
`
`$!"
`
`0
`
`© 2001 Macmillan Magazines Ltd
`
`H;NOL? PIF 0,5 - @?<LO;LS .,,- lll*cVijgZ*Xdb
`
`I
`
`I
`
`MYLAN EXHIBIT - 1052
`Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Bausch Health Ireland, Ltd. - IPR2022-00722
`
`

`

`Y^kZg\ZcXZh ]Vh nZi id WZ VXXdbea^h]ZY* QZ dWiV^cZY hZfjZcXZh
`[gdb hZ\bZcih d[ -1 cjXaZVg VcY i]gZZ b^idX]dcYg^Va \ZcZh $5(335
`WVhZ eV^gh $We%% ^c 20 eaVXZciVa VcY ild bVghje^Va heZX^Zh $NVWaZ -%*
`J]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh d[ i]Z XdcXViZcViZY YViV hZi jh^c\ bVm^bjb
`eVgh^bdcn( bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY VcY Y^hiVcXZ WVhZY $cZ^\]Wdjg
`_d^c^c\% bZi]dYh Vaa XdckZg\ZY dc V cZVgan ^YZci^XVa( lZaa hjeedgiZY
`idedad\n YZrc^c\ [djg eg^cX^eVa Zji]Zg^Vc a^cZV\Zh $@^\* -%* N]Z
`gZhjaih V[rgb bdcde]nan d[ igVY^i^dcVa eaVXZciVa dgYZgh $ZmXZei
`;gi^dYVXinaV VcY CchZXi^kdgV%( VcY Vahd hjeedgi hdbZ egZk^djhan
`egdedhZY( Vh lZaa Vh cZl( hjeZgdgY^cVa XaVYZh*
`Ijg VcVanhZh egdk^YZ [jgi]Zg hjeedgi [dg i]Z hjeZgdgY^cVa XaVYZ
`;[gdi]Zg^V0(1(4 $@^\* -( XaVYZ C%( VcY eaVXZ ^i Vh i]Z bdhi WVhVa eaVXZciVa
`Y^kZg\ZcXZ* Q^i]^c ;[gdi]Zg^V( djg YViV hjeedgi V Xdch^hiZcian
`higdc\ XajhiZg^c\ d[ JVZcjc\jaViV5$BngVXd^YZV( M^gZc^V VcY Jgd)
`WdhX^YZV% VcY V cZhiZY NZi]ni]Zg^V-, $M^gZc^V VcY JgdWdhX^YZV%* N]Z
`cZmi WVhVa bVbbVa^Vc a^cZV\Z ^c djg igZZh lVh i]Z HZdigde^XVa
`dgYZg RZcVgi]gV $@^\* -( XaVYZ CC%( l]dhZ bdcde]nan lVh higdc\an
`hjeedgiZY ^c Vaa VcVanhZh* Q^i]^c RZcVgi]gV( djg YViV Xdch^hiZcian
`jc^iZY hadi]h $2MTQTJUZX hee*% VcY VciZViZgh $<^WRJHTUMFLF(
`BFRFSIZF% ^c i]Z egdedhZY hjWdgYZg J^adhV2( l]^X] lVh ^c ijgc
`i]Z h^hiZg \gdje id VgbVY^aadh* ;ai]dj\] Vaa d[ djg igZZh h]dlZY i]Z
`eaVXZciVa gddi id WZ Z^i]Zg WZilZZc ;[gdi]Zg^V VcY Vaa di]Zg
`eaVXZciVah $cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\ VcY bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY%( dg
`l^i]^c ;[gdi]Zg^V $bVm^bjb eVgh^bdcn7 dc i]Z WgVcX]Zh aZVY^c\
`id ZaZe]Vci h]gZlh dg i]Z iZcgZX%( lZ XdjaY cdi hiVi^hi^XVaan gZ_ZXi V
`hXZcVg^d l^i] ;[gdi]Zg^V VcY RZcVgi]gV Vh h^hiZg \gdjeh( hZeVgViZY
`[gdb Vaa di]Zg Zji]Zg^Vch Wn V WVhVa hea^i $? ! ,*,3 ^c E^h]^cdt
`BVhZ\VlV $eVgh^bdcn VcY a^`Za^]ddY% VcY NZbeaZidc iZhih%*
`@jgi]ZgbdgZ( lZ XdjaY cdi hiVi^hi^XVaan gZ_ZXi V hXZcVg^d h]dl^c\
`RZcVgi]gV WVhVa id Vaa di]Zg eaVXZciVah $? ! ,*1, ^c E^h]^cdt
`BVhZ\VlV $eVgh^bdcn VcY a^`Za^]ddY% VcY NZbeaZidc iZhih%( hj\)
`\Zhi^c\ i]Vi VYY^i^dcVa YViV XdaaZXi^dc l^aa WZ gZfj^gZY id gZhdakZ i]Z
`eaVXZciVa gddi l^i] V ]^\] aZkZa d[ XdcrYZcXZ*
`;[iZg i]ZhZ ild WVhVa Y^kZg\ZcXZh VgZ ild ^ciZgcVa hjeZgdgY^cVa
`XaVYZh d[ Zji]Zg^Vch $@^\* -( XaVYZh CCC VcY CP %( l]^X] lZgZ [djcY Vh
`h^hiZg \gdjeh ^c Vaa d[ djg VcVanhZh* =aVYZ CCC gZegZhZcih V cdkZa \gdje
`jc^i^c\ gdYZcih( aV\dbdge]h( eg^bViZh( igZZ h]gZlh $MXVcYZci^V%
`VcY sn^c\ aZbjgh $>ZgbdeiZgV%* N]^h ^h ^c XdcigVhi id bdaZXjaVg
`hijY^Zh i]Vi h]dl hjeedgi [dg gdYZcih WZ^c\ WVhVa Zji]Zg^Vch3(--t-/(
`l]^X] lVh edhh^Wan ^csjZcXZY Wn ^cXdbeaZiZ iVmdc hVbea^c\ VcY
`ZmigZbZ gViZ VXXZaZgVi^dc ^c i]^h \gdje* ;ai]dj\] WddihigVe hjeedgi
`[dg i]^h XaVYZ ^h cdi Vh ]^\] Vh [dg i]Z di]Zg eg^cX^eVa XaVYZh
`$cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\ 8 5/!( bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY 8 41!( bVm^bjb
`eVgh^bdcn 8 20! VcY lZ^\]iZY eVgh^bdcn 8 3/!%( ^i ^h Xdch^hiZcian
`gZhdakZY ^c Vaa d[ djg VcVanhZh* Ijg ^cXgZVhZY iVmdc hVbea^c\
`egdk^YZh gdWjhi hjeedgi [dg i]Z bdcde]nan d[ gdYZcih( Vh lZaa Vh
`
`#$%-( ! "+$1$&3(1,23,&2 0) /4&-($1 $/' .,30&+0/'1,$- *(/( 2(*.(/32
`
`)(..(,- .+ *'./,(
`
`i]Z^g h^hiZg)\gdje gZaVi^dch]^e l^i] aV\dbdge]h $Xd]dgi Aa^gZh5(-0%( V
`\gdje^c\ i]Vi ]VY WZZc lZaa ZhiVWa^h]ZY dc bdge]dad\^XVa \gdjcYh.
`Wji ]Vh WZZc XdcigVY^XiZY dg jcgZhdakZY l^i] bdaZXjaVg
`VeegdVX]Zh-/(-1(-2*
`N]Z Xd]dgi Aa^gZh ^h( ^c ijgc( i]Z h^hiZg \gdje d[ eg^bViZh( sn^c\
`aZbjgh VcY igZZ h]gZlh* Q^i]^c eg^bViZh(
`aZbjg $MigZeh^g]^c^%
`VcY iVgh^Zg $NVgh^^[dgbZh% lZgZ [djcY id WZ h^hiZg iVmV $WddihigVe
`! 4,!% i]Vi lZgZ hZeVgViZY [gdb Vci]gded^Yh Wn V YZZe Y^kZg\ZcXZ*
`N]^h XdcigVhih l^i] i]Z l^YZan ]ZaY k^Zl i]Vi iVgh^Zgh VgZ bdgZ
`XadhZan gZaViZY id Vci]gded^Yh i]Vc id MigZeh^g]^c^-3* @jgi]ZgbdgZ(
`Vai]dj\] bVm^bjb eVgh^bdcn VcY bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY VcVanhZh
`Xdch^hiZcian hjeedgiZY i]Z bdcde]nan d[ Jg^bViZh VcY i]Z h^hiZg)
`\gdje gZaVi^dch]^e WZilZZc >ZgbdeiZgV VcY MXVcYZci^V( Y^hiVcXZ)
`WVhZY igZZh hj\\ZhiZY eg^bViZ eVgVe]nan Wn eaVX^c\ sn^c\ aZbjgh Vh
`i]Z h^hiZg \gdje id Vci]gded^Yh( VcY Wn eaVX^c\ igZZ h]gZlh WVhVa
`Vbdc\ i]Z i]gZZ dgYZgh $@^\* -%* E^h]^cdtBVhZ\VlV $eVgh^bdcn
`VcY a^`Za^]ddY% VcY NZbeaZidc iZhih [V^aZY id gZ_ZXi Z^i]Zg d[ i]ZhZ
`]nedi]ZhZh $? # ,*- ^c Vaa XVhZh%( l]^X] ^cY^XViZh i]Vi [jgi]Zg
`hVbea^c\ l^i]^c >ZgbdeiZgV VcY MXVcYZci^V bVn WZ gZfj^gZY id
`[jaan gZhdakZ i]Z YZZe( XdciZbedgVcZdjh Y^kZg\ZcXZ Vbdc\ i]ZhZ
`i]gZZ dgYZgh*
`MZkZc gZbV^c^c\ eaVXZciVa dgYZghxXZiVXZVch( Vgi^dYVXinah( eZg^h)
`hdYVXinah( XVgc^kdgZh( eVc\da^ch( WVih( VcY XdgZ ^chZXi^kdgZh $]ZY\Z)
`]d\h( h]gZlh VcY bdaZh%xXdbeg^hZ V [djgi] hjeZgdgY^cVa a^cZV\Z
`$@^\* -( XaVYZ CP%( V \gdje^c\ i]Vi ]Vh gZXZ^kZY hjeedgi [gdb l]daZ)
`b^idX]dcYg^Va \ZcdbZ hZfjZcXZ VcVanh^h $Vai]dj\] cd eVc\da^c
`lVh hVbeaZY%3* Ijg gZhjaih V[rgb i]Z bdcde]nan d[ =]^gdeiZgV
`$bZ\VWVih eajh b^XgdWVih%( l]^X] ]Vh WZZc V ide^X d[ YZWViZ [dg dkZg
`V YZXVYZ-4* N]ZhZ YViV Vahd gZ_ZXi $? " ,*,,,- [dg Vaa iZhih% V Y^gZXi
`gZaVi^dch]^e d[ WVih l^i] eg^bViZh( sn^c\ aZbjgh VcY igZZ h]gZlh(
`l]^X] lZgZ XaVhh^XVaan egdedhZY id [dgb i]Z Xd]dgi ;gX]dciV-0* Ijg
`YViV hjeedgi i]Z edane]nan d[ CchZXi^kdgV0(1(4( l^i] h]gZlh( bdaZh
`VcY ]ZY\Z]d\h [dgb^c\ V bdcde]naZi^X \gdje egdk^h^dcVaan iZgbZY
`U?ja^edine]aV#-5( l]ZgZVh iZcgZXh XaZVgan XajhiZg l^i]^c i]Z hjeZg)
`dgY^cVa XaVYZ ;[gdi]Zg^V* QZ rcY higdc\ hjeedgi [dg i]Z igVY^i^dcVa
`k^Zl d[ eaVX^c\ ]ZY\Z]d\h ^c V XaVYZ l^i] h]gZlh VcY bdaZh $Wddi)
`higVe ! 55!%( l]^X] ^h ^c XdcigVhi id i]Z WVhVa edh^i^dc l^i]^c
`Zji]Zg^Vch dWhZgkZY l^i] b^idX]dcYg^Va >H; $bi>H;% \ZcdbZh.,*
`N]Z ^ciZg)dgY^cVa gZaVi^dch]^eh l^i]^c XaVYZ CP lZgZ cdi [jaan
`gZhdakZY l^i] ]^\] XdcrYZcXZ( l]^X] ^h edhh^Wan YjZ id i]Z kZgn
`gVe^Y Y^kZgh^rXVi^dc d[ i]^h \gdje* BdlZkZg( djg eVgh^bdcn VcY
`bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY VcVanhZh V\gZZ l^i] gZXZci bi>H; YViV3(
`hj\\Zhi^c\ V h^hiZg)\gdje gZaVi^dch]^e WZilZZc =]^gdeiZgV VcY
`?ja^edine]aV Vi i]Z WVhZ d[ i]^h eg^cX^eVa XaVYZ $hZZ MjeeaZbZciVgn
`Cc[dgbVi^dc%* N]Z eVc\da^c $J]da^YdiV% lVh i]Z h^hiZg \gdje id
`XVgc^kdgZh ^c XdbW^cZY $VcY bVcn d[ i]Z h^c\aZ)\ZcZ% VcVanhZh( V
`
`6DKD
`
`:RBIDLQHCDP
`
`=DN' CHS'
`O@KFD "!#
`
`7CDKQ' JLRPD
`SP GRJ@K "!#
`
`47&9;
`
`:L' LE PMDBHDP
`@JMIHVDC
`
`3JHKL @BHCP
`
`'*4(#!
`'33&+!?><
`'53&'
`
`(*1,
`(0."&+!?><
`)14"
`)4+0&+!?><
`+*-"
`3/)(%&+!?><
`312)!
`
`:L' LE ;7
`:L' LE S@O' PHQDP
`:L' LE ODP'
`:L' LE ;7
`:L' LE S@O' PHQDP
`:L' LE AM
`*******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
`'*24'$
`++(
`**/
`)1)
`('+)W+/'(0
`/0'-
`('+,
`.+
`))(
`0(
`.*
`0+,
`+1*
`+)+
`('+.W)0'(.
`0.',
`('+-
`.(
`*/0
`1/
`.+
`.1(
`,-,
`*11
`('+*W+)').
`1('-
`('-)
`.+
`W
`W
`W
`.1(
`,.0
`+/-
`(W,)'..
`0/')
`(',)
`.,
`*+(
`)./
`)*1
`--0
`*-(
`)/1
`('-,W*/'-*
`1('/
`('+.
`.+
`)0.
`/+
`+0
`+,(
`)/-
`/0
`(W).'/0
`1+',
`('.-
`-.
`W
`W
`W
`)%((*
`+10
`++*
`(',)W*/'*-
`01'.
`('+(
`.*
`++,
`--
`*,
`,**
`+(*
`**/
`(W*0'-+
`0-')
`(',.
`.-
`W
`W
`W
`1/0
`,-0
`+.-
`(')(W)1'*.
`00'-
`('+-
`-0
`+*.
`10
`.*
`++/
`*1(
`*,1
`('++W/(',(
`/0'1
`(',,
`.-
`W
`W
`W
`+++
`*)0
`)/+
`(W,*'--
`0*'-
`(',+
`-.
`)))
`.1
`.*
`//,
`+-+
`+(+
`('/0W*+'10
`0/')
`('+*
`-.
`*-0
`..
`,/
`,,,
`*--
`*(+
`(',-W*+'+.
`01'*
`('+0
`.*
`),0
`0.
`-,
`,*.
`*-0
`**,
`(W+,'..
`0-'1
`('+.
`-*
`),*
`0+
`./
`*(,
`/1
`.*
`(W**'11
`1+'.
`(',)
`-/
`.0
`),
`-
`)%,)/
`1*1
`/+)
`(W+)'.1
`0)'/
`('*-
`..
`W
`W
`
`4'-"
`
`4'-#!
`
`574
`
`8,6
`JQ5:3
`
`W
`
`.--
`1.+
`*%,).
`,%+(,
`-%-(.
`1%//1
`>LQ@I
`*******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
`$ :L LRQFOLRM HKBIRCDC HK BLJM@OHPLKP'
`AM% A@PD M@HOP2 S@O'% S@OH@AID PHQDP2 ;7% MGUILFDKDQHB@IIU HKELOJ@QHSD PHQDP2 ODP'% @JHKL&@BHC ODPHCRDP2 =DN' CHS'% MDOBDKQ@FD LE KRBIDLQHCD PDNRDKBD CHSDOFDKBD "8HJRO@ *&M@O@JDQDO#2 47% BLKPHPQDKBU HKCDT LE
`JLPQ M@OPHJLKHLRP QODD"P#'
`
`I
`I
`I
`H;NOL? PIF 0,5 - @?<LO;LS .,,- lll*cVijgZ*Xdb
`
`0
`© 2001 Macmillan Magazines Ltd
`
`$!#
`
`

`

`)(..(,- .+ *'./,(
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`*'
`+&
`*+
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
` -*
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
` --
`
`**
`++
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`-%
`--
`
`-*
`-'
`
`)&
`+$
`
` -&
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
` -*
` -+
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`. )$
`. )$
` *'
`
` -$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
` -+
` -,
`
`+(
`--
`--
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`r il-
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`-$
`+$
`
` -$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`)'
`-,
`
`*)
`*(
`+-
`
`. )$
`. )$
` ))
`
` -+
` ,+
`%$$
`
`-+
`,(
`
` n
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
` ,,
`. )$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`+&
`,+
`
`0BN>@B>
`
`7F@LJ@EFLJKNBL>
`
`7BD>@EFLJKNBL>
`
`+793AE7C3 !
`1FCD;@AD
`);AA@A@E3>FD !
`1C397=3A:FD
`-<3A;3
`0FD
`*3>3 !
`%7C3E@E:7C;F> !
`13A;CFD
`'BFFD !
`(7=;D !
`*7@A3C6FD
`.3?E:7C3
`%3?;D !
`2CDFD
`+3?;D !
`$CE;47FD !
`,I5E7C;D
`.E7C@AFD !
`/@FD7EEFD
`'C;?357FD !
`0@C7H !
`$D;@D53=@AD
`%@?6I=FC3 !
`
`0BN>LNFJA>@NQG>
`
`8BLFMMJA>@NQG>
`
`0>LIFPJL>
`
`8EJGFAJN>
`
`0EFLJKNBL>
`
`!2OGFKJNQKEG>!
`
`5<
`
`0>PFJ#
`HJLKE>
`
`4QMNLF@J#
`DI>NEF
`
`9JABINF>
`
`555
`
`3GFLBM
`
`55
`
`5
`
`/CLJNEBLF>
`
`8>BIOIDOG>N>
`
`%3G;3 !
`)I6C@5:37CFD
`$9@FE;
`'C7E:;J@?
`+I@53DE@C
`&;?@>ID
`)IDEC;H
`)7E7C@57A:3=FD !
`+FD !
`/3EEFD
`%C;57EFD
`.767E7D
`%3DE@C
`&;A@6@>ID
`13>;3D !
`+FD53C6;?FD
`0I=G;=39FD !
`-5:@E@?3 !
`)I=@43E7D
`)@>@ !
`+35353 !
`$E7=7D !
`%3==;>;5@
`%I?@57A:3=FD !# !!
`*7>FC !
`6BHOLFCJLHBM
`13CD;FD !
`;>LMFFCJLHBM
`1FA3;3 !
`%:@=@7AFD 6;6" !
`%:@=@7AFD :@8"
`13>3?6F3
`+IC>75@A:393
`'FA:C35EFD !
`%:37E@A:C35EFD
`1C;5:75:FD !
`*@H@6@?E3 !
`.C@53G;3 !
`'5:;?@AD !
`-CI5E7C@AFD !
`+35C@D57=;67D
`'=7A:3?EF=FD !
`&;67=A:;D !
`+35C@AFD !
`
`/INELJKJFAB>
`
`6>DJHJLKE>
`
`8LFH>NBM
`
`1BLHJKNBL> ""
`
`8LFH>NBM
`
`:@>IABINF>
`
`=BI>LNEL>
`
`;BNEQNEBLF>
`
`:FLBIF>
`8LJ?JM@FAB>
`4QL>@JFAB>
`;BILB@FA>B
`;O?OGFABIN>N>
`
`7>@LJM@BGFAB>
`
`7>LMOKF>GF>
`
`+%
`,'
`
`--
`-)
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`--
`)&
`-)
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
` *$
`. )$
`. )$
`
` *+
`. )$
`. )$
`
`-,
`,$
`--
`
`. )$
`. )$
`+&
`
`%$$
` ++
` --
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
` ,)
` *&
` . )$
`
`-'
`*(
`,)
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
`%$$
`%$$
` -+
` *'
`. )$
`
`%$$
`%$$
`%$$
`
` +-
`. )$
`. )$ )$
`. )$
`. )$
`
` -(
`. )$
` --
`
`%$$
`%$$
`
` C
`
`%.,96+ " >JZNQIGPGUKE SGNCUKQPTJKRT COQPI ., RNCEGPUCN OCOOCNT CPF UXQ OCSTVRKCNT
`DCTGF QP CPCNZTKT QH 1$//1 DR HSQO )- PVENGCS CPF UJSGG OU8=5 IGPGT& AJG USGG
`SGRSGTGPUT UJG OKPKOVO GWQNVUKQP UQRQNQIZ GTUKOCUGF UJSQVIJ PGKIJDQVS LQKPKPI "=:#$
`VTKPI OCYKOVO NKMGNKJQQF "<;# FKTUCPEGT "TGG <GUJQFT#& <CYKOVO RCSTKOQPZ "<># CPF
`<; CPCNZTGT "TGG @VRRNGOGPUCSZ 9PHQSOCUKQP# RSQFVEGF C TKOKNCS UQRQNQIZ "<>2
`A; 4 *.$,**$ EQPTKTUGPEZ KPFGY 79 4 (&+,$ SGUGPUKQP KPFGY ?9 4 (&,/3 <;2 ;P ;KMGNKJQQF 4
`!1-(0.&(+# XKUJ FKHHGSGPEGT SGWQNWKPI OQTUNZ CSQVPF TJQSU KPUGSPQFGT XKUJ NQX DQQUTUSCR
`TVRRQSU& =VODGST KPFKECUG RGS EGPU DQQUTUSCR TVRRQSU HSQO =: "UQR#$ <> "OKFFNG# CPF <;
`"DQUUQO#$ DCTGF QP )$((( KUGSCUKQPT HQS =: CPF <>$ CPF )(( KUGSCUKQPT HQS <;& <;
`CPCNZTGT XGSG DCTGF QP C RSVPGF FCUC TGU "+/ UCYC OCSMGF XKUJ CTUGSKTMT#& AGSOKPCN UCYC
`
`CSG NCDGNNGF DZ UJGKS IGPGSKE FGTKIPCUKQP$ GYEGRU XJGSG OVNUKRNG OGODGST QH C IGPVT XGSG
`KPENVFGF "TGG <GUJQFT#& 6SCEMGUT KPFKECUG JKIJGS NGWGN UCYQPQOKE ISQVRT QDTGSWGF KP
`SGTVNUKPI USGGT "SKIJU QH USGG#& 5 FKHHGSGPEG DGUXGGP <>'<; CPF =: CPCNZTGT XCT UJG
`RQTKUKQP QH UJG [ZKPI NGOVS "!,'(#$)%"&+*$ FQVDNG CTUGSKTM#& <> CPF <; FKHHGSGF HSQO UJG
`TJQXP USGG DZ TVRRQSUKPI RSKOCUG OQPQRJZNZ CPF C TKTUGS%ISQVR SGNCUKQPTJKR DGUXGGP
`8GSOQRUGSC CPF @ECPFGPUKC& BGKIJUGF RCSTKOQPZ CPCNZTGT VTKPI QPNZ USCPTWGSTKQPT "AW#$
`SGOQWCN QH UJKSF RQTKUKQP USCPTKUKQPT "AT#$ CPF C AW2AT XGKIJU QH *2) RSQFVEGF UQRQNQIKGT
`EQPISVGPU XKUJ UJG TJQXP USGG$ XKUJ FKHHGSGPEGT SGWQNWKPI QPNZ CSQVPF DSCPEJGT FGRKEUGF
`JGSG XKUJ NQX "" -(!# DQQUTUSCR TVRRQSU&
`
`$!$
`
`0
`
`© 2001 Macmillan Magazines Ltd
`
`H;NOL? PIF 0,5 - @?<LO;LS .,,- lll*cVijgZ*Xdb
`
`I
`
`I
`
`

`

`gZaVi^dch]^e i]Vi ]Vh Vahd WZZc hj\\ZhiZY Wn egZk^djh bdge]dad\^XVa
`VcY bdaZXjaVg YViV2(.-(..* ;ai]dj\] djg hjeedgi [dg i]Z =Vgc^kdgVt
`J]da^YdiV h^hiZg \gdje^c\ [V^ah hiVi^hi^XVa iZhih V\V^chi VaiZgcVi^kZ
`]nedi]ZhZh $E^h]^cdtBVhZ\VlV $eVgh^bdcn VcY a^`Za^]ddY% VcY
`NZbeaZidc iZhih7 ? ! ,*/01%( djg YViV Yd rgban eaVXZ J]da^YdiV
`l^i]^c XaVYZ CP( VcY gZ_ZXi i]Z k^Zl d[ Vc Vaa^VcXZ WZilZZc eVc\da^ch
`VcY i]Z HZdigde^XVa RZcVgi]gVch. $E^h]^cdtBVhZ\VlV $eVgh^bdcn
`VcY a^`Za^]ddY% VcY NZbeaZidc iZhih( ? " ,*,,-3%* Ijg YViV Vahd
`Xdch^hiZcian
`^cY^XViZY V
`h^hiZg)\gdje gZaVi^dch]^e WZilZZc
`=ZiVgi^dYVXinaV-5 VcY JZg^hhdYVXinaV( VaWZ^i l^i] dcan bdYZgViZ
`WddihigVe hjeedgi $2/t3.!%*
`QZ Vahd eZg[dgbZY e]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh l^i] i]Z XdbW^cZY
`Vb^cd)VX^Y hZfjZcXZh [gdb i]Z -- XdY^c\ cjXaZVg \ZcZh( l]^X]
`egdk^YZY bZY^jb id ]^\] hjeedgi [dg i]Z bdcde]nan d[ bdhi
`dgYZgh( Vh lZaa Vh hdbZ hjeZgdgY^cVa gZaVi^dch]^eh $[dg ZmVbeaZ(
`;[gdi]Zg^V( JVZcjc\jaViV( Aa^gZh( VcY V hea^i WZilZZc ;[gdi]Zg^V
`eajh RZcVgi]gV kZghjh di]Zg eaVXZciVah7 hZZ MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbV)
`i^dc%* BdlZkZg( i]ZhZ YViV aVX`ZY hj[rX^Zci edlZg id gZhdakZ i]Z
`di]Zg WVhVa gZaVi^dch]^eh ^YZci^rZY l^i] i]Z cjXaZdi^YZ YViV hZi* N]^h
`^h cdi jcZmeZXiZY( \^kZc i]Vi i]Z Vb^cd)VX^Y YViV hZi XdciV^ch aZhh
`i]Vc .,! d[ i]Z cjbWZg d[ kVg^VWaZ VcY eVgh^bdcn)^c[dgbVi^kZ
`h^iZh egZhZci ^c i]Z cjXaZdi^YZ YViV hZi $NVWaZ -%*
`HdiVWan( djg YViV hZi h]dlh Xdch^hiZcXn d[ Vbea^rXVi^dc VcY
`e]nad\ZcZi^X h^\cVa VhhdX^ViZY l^i] i]Z [djg cdc)XdY^c\ cjXaZVg
`hZ\bZcih $0??( 1<8&( 2@4< VcY ?;21)% Vaa d[ l]^X] lZgZ YZg^kZY
`[gdb /! jcigVchaViZY gZ\^dch $/! ONLh%* Q]ZgZVh i]Z VkZgV\Z
`eZgXZciV\Z d[ kVg^VWaZ h^iZh lVh ZmeZXiZYan ]^\]Zg [dg i]Z /! ONLh
`$24! d[ -(345 We( S 8 0% kZghjh XdY^c\ gZ\^dch $1-! d[ 2(13/ We(
`S 8 --%( i]Z VkZgV\Z Xdch^hiZcXn ^cYZm lVh Vahd ]^\]Zg [dg i]Z
`/! ONLh $,*1-% XdbeVgZY l^i] i]Z XdY^c\ gZ\^dch $,*//%* Q^i]^c i]Z
`ONLh( lZ \ZcZgVaan dWhZgkZY XdchZgkZY WadX`h d[ hZfjZcXZ ^ciZg)
`gjeiZY Wn kVg^VWaZ $nZi jhjVaan Va^\cVWaZ% ^cYZah( l]^X] lZgZ d[iZc
`e]nad\ZcZi^XVaan ^c[dgbVi^kZ* Ci ^h egdWVWaZ i]Vi /! ONLh l^aa WZ d[
`^bedgiVcXZ ^c [jijgZ e]nad\ZcZi^X hijY^Zh d[ bVbbVa^Vc dgYZgh( Vh
`lZaa Vh ]^\]Zg aZkZa e]nad\Zcn l^i]^c di]Zg iVmdcdb^X \gdjeh*
`N]Z bdaZXjaVg gZhdaji^dc d[ eaVXZciVa bVbbVah ^cid [djg hjeZg)
`dgY^cVa XaVYZh ]Vh WZZc ^cYZeZcYZcian XdggdWdgViZY Wn Vc VXXdb)
`eVcn^c\ VcVanh^h./* ?hi^bViZh [dg i]Z i^b^c\ d[ bdaZXjaVg Y^kZg\ZcXZ
`^cY^XViZ i]Vi i]Z hjeZgdgY^cVa Y^kZgh^rXVi^dc dXXjggZY 20t-,0 Gng
`V\d $bZY^Vc 40 Gng V\d.0%( hZkZgVa b^aa^dch d[ nZVgh eg^dg id i]Z E+N
`WdjcYVgn l]^X] bVg`ZY i]Z Y^hVeeZVgVcXZ d[ i]Z Y^cdhVjgh.1* N]Z
`ZVga^Zhi Y^kZg\ZcXZh $;[gdi]Zg^V VcY RZcVgi]gV% VeeVgZcian dXXjggZY
`^c i]Z Mdji]Zgc BZb^he]ZgZ( egdWVWan VhhdX^ViZY l^i] i]Z \Zdad\^)
`XVa hZeVgVi^dc d[ i]Z hdji]Zgc hjeZgXdci^cZci AdcYlVcVaVcY(
`[daadlZY Wn Y^heZghVa d[ i]Z VcXZhidgh d[ =aVYZh CCC VcY CP ^cid i]Z
`cdgi]Zgc hjeZgXdci^cZci d[ FVjgVh^V.0* N]Z eaVXZbZci d[ hZkZgVa
`eg^b^i^kZ ^chZXi^kdgdjh+\ZcZgVa^hi iVmV cZVg WVhVa edh^i^dch ^c ZVX]
`d[ i]Z bV_dg XaVYZh $[dg ZmVbeaZ( NZcgZX^YVZ( ?ja^edine]aV VcY
`MXVcYZci^V7 @^\* -% ^h Xdch^hiZci l^i] i]Z ZVgan Zji]Zg^Vc Y^kZg\ZcXZh
`egZXZY^c\ i]Z^g gZbVg`VWaZ bdge]dad\^XVa Y^kZgh^rXVi^dc* AZd\gV)
`e]^XVa ^hdaVi^dc d[ i]ZhZ eg^b^i^kZ [dgbh ^c Y^[[ZgZci gZ\^dch VcY i]Z
`VeeZVgVcXZ d[ ZXdad\^XVa c^X]Zh kVXViZY Wn i]Z Y^cdhVjgh bVn
`VXXdjci [dg i]Z gZbVg`VWaZ eVgVaaZa VYVei^kZ gVY^Vi^dch hj\\ZhiZY
`Wn GVYhZc JY FQ*./
`@gdb V \Zcdb^Xh hiVcYed^ci( i]ZhZ rcY^c\h hj\\Zhi i]Vi bdjhZ
`VcY ]jbVc( i]Z ild heZX^Zh Vi i]Z [dgZ[gdci d[ \Zcdb^X hZfjZcX^c\(
`VgZ e]nad\ZcZi^XVaan gZhig^XiZY id _jhi dcZ d[ i]Z [djg eg^cX^eVa
`eaVXZciVa a^cZV\Zh ^YZci^rZY ^c djg VcVanhZh* ; WgdVYZg `cdlaZY\Z
`d[ bVbbVa^Vc \Zcdb^X dg\Vc^oVi^dc( [jcXi^dc VcY Zkdaji^dc l^aa WZ
`\V^cZY Wn Veean^c\ aVg\Z)hXVaZ \ZcdbZ VcVanh^h id di]Zg heZX^Zh [gdb
`ZVX] d[ i]ZhZ eg^cX^eVa a^cZV\Zh( eVgi^XjaVgan ;[gdi]Zg^V VcY RZcVg)
`i]gV* N]^h l^aa VX]^ZkZ V WZiiZg jcYZghiVcY^c\ d[ i]Z ]^hidgn d[ djg
`bVbbVa^Vc VcXZhidgh VcY i]Z jc^fjZcZhh d[ djg dlc \ZcdbZ* !
`
`&+8-3*7
`
`'(;32 7(140.2,! (140.=)(8.32 (2* 7+59+2).2,
`
`Ijg YViV hZi XdciV^ch gZegZhZciVi^kZh [gdb Y^kZg\Zci a^cZV\Zh d[ Vaa Zji]Zg^Vc dgYZgh* IgYZg
`
`)(..(,- .+ *'./,(
`
`RZcVgi]gV6 2MTQTJUZX INIFHY^QZX $F^ccZ#h ild)idZY hadi]%( 2MTQTJUZX MTKKRFSSN
`$Bd[[bVcc#h ild)idZY hadi]%( BFRFSIZF YJYWFIFHY^QF $iVbVcYjV%( <^WRJHTUMFLF
`YWNIFHY^QF $\^Vci VciZViZg%( 4ZUMWFHYZX XJ]HNSHYZX $h^m)WVcYZY VgbVY^aad%( 2MFJYTUMWFHYZX
`[NQQTXZX $]V^gn VgbVY^aad%7 IgYZg CchZXi^kdgV6 4WNSFHJZX HTSHTQTW $?jgdeZVc ]ZY\Z]d\%(
`ATWJ] FWFSJZX $?jgdeZVc h]gZl%( 0XNTXHFQTUX FQYFNHF $IaY QdgaY bdaZ%( 2TSI^QZWF HWNXYFYF
`$hiVg)cdhZ bdaZ%( 4HMNSTUX YJQKFNWN $iZcgZX%7 IgYZg GVXgdhXZa^YZV6 4QJUMFSYZQZX WZKJXHJSX
`$adc\)ZVgZY ZaZe]Vci h]gZl%( <FHWTXHJQNIJX UWTGTXHNIJZX $h]dgi)ZVgZY ZaZe]Vci h]gZl%7
`IgYZg NjWja^YZciViV6 >W^HYJWTUZX FKJW $VVgYkVg`%7 IgYZg BngVXd^YZV6 ?WTHF[NF HFUJSXNX
`$gdX` ]ngVm%7 IgYZg M^gZc^V6 BWNHMJHMZX RFSFYZX $QZhi CcY^Vc bVcViZZ%7 IgYZg
`JgdWdhX^YZV6 ;T]TITSYF FKWNHFSF $;[g^XVc ZaZe]Vci%7 IgYZg LdYZci^V6 BFRNFX XYWNFYZX
`$ZVhiZgc X]^ebjc`%( 2FXYTW HFSFIJSXNX $;bZg^XVc WZVkZg%( <ZXHFWINSZX F[JQQFSFWNZX
`$YdgbdjhZ%( ?JIJYJX HFUJSXNX $heg^c\]VgZ%( <ZX RZXHZQZX $bdjhZ%( @FYYZX STW[JLNHZX
`$Wgdlc gVi%( 2WNHJYZX LWNXJZX $]VbhiZg%( 7^XYWN] GWFHM^ZWZX $GVaVnVc edgXje^cZ%(
`4WJYMN_TS ITWXFYZR $Hdgi] ;bZg^XVc edgXje^cZ%( 3NUTITR^X MJJWRFSSN $`Vc\Vgdd gVi%(
`7JYJWTHJUMFQZX LQFGJW $cV`ZY bdaZ gVi%( 2F[NF YXHMZINN $\j^cZV)e^\%( 7^IWTHMFJWNX
`M^IWTHMFJWNX $XVenWVgV%( <^THFXYTW HT^UZX $cjig^V%( 3NSTR^X GWFSNHPNN $eVXVgVcV%( 0LTZYN
`YFH_FST\XPNN $bdjciV^c eVXV%7 IgYZg FV\dbdge]V6 >HMTYTSF M^UJWGTWJF $e^`V%#
`A^Q[NQFLZX HK$ aTWNIFSZX $ZVhiZgc XdiidciV^a%7 IgYZg >ZgbdeiZgV6 2^STHJUMFQZX [FWNJLFYZX
`$GVaVnVc sn^c\ aZbjg%7 IgYZg MXVcYZci^V6 BZUFNF RNSTW $aZhhZg igZZ h]gZl%7 IgYZg
`Jg^bViZh6 ;JRZW HFYYF $g^c\)iV^aZY aZbjg%( BFWXNZX GFSHFSZX $QZhiZgc iVgh^Zg%( <FHFHF
`RZQFYYF $g]Zhjh bVXVfjZ%( 0YJQJX KZXHNHJUX $Wgdlc)]ZVYZY he^YZg bdc`Zn%# 2FQQNRNHT
`LTJQIN $AdZaY^#h bdc`Zn%( 7^QTGFYJX HTSHTQTW $\^WWdc%( 7TRT XFUNJSX $]jbVc%7 IgYZg
`=]^gdeiZgV6 @TZXJYYZX QFSTXZX $adc\)]V^gZY gdjhZiiZ%( ?YJWTUZX LNLFSYJZX $sn^c\ [dm%(
`=^HYJWNX YMJGFNHF $ha^i)[VXZY WVi%( 0WYNGJZX OFRFHJSXNX $DVbV^XVc [gj^i)ZVi^c\ WVi%7 IgYZg
`=Vgc^kdgV6 2FSNX KFRNQNFWNX $YdbZhi^X Yd\%( CWXZX FWHYTX $Wgdlc WZVg%( 5JQNX HFYZX
`$YdbZhi^X XVi%( ;JTUFWIZX UFWIFQNX $dXZadi%( ?FSYMJWF TSHF $_V\jVg%7 IgYZg JZg^hhdYVXinaV6
`2JWFYTYMJWNZR XNRZR $l]^iZ g]^cdXZgdh%( 4VZZX HFGFQQZX $]dghZ%( BFUNWZX NSINHZX
`$GVaVnVc iVe^g%7 IgYZg ;gi^dYVXinaV6 ;FRF LQFRF $aaVbV%( AZX XHWTKF $e^\%( 7NUUTUTYFRZX
`FRUMNGZX $]^eedediVbjh%( >PFUNF OTMSXYTSN $d`Ve^%( BWFLJQFUMZX JZW^HJWTX $Wdc\d%7
`IgYZg =ZiVXZV6 <JLFUYJWF ST[FJFSLQNFJ $]jbeWVX` l]VaZ%( BZWXNTUX YWZSHFYZX $WdiiaZcdhZ
`Ydae]^c%7 IgYZg J]da^YdiV6 <FSNX UJSYFIFHY^QF $=]^cZhZ eVc\da^c%* @dg dji\gdje
`XdbeVg^hdc lZ ^cXajYZY Wdi] ;jhigVa^Vc $<FHWTUZX JZLJSNN( NVbbVg lVaaVWn% VcY
`;bZg^XVc !3NIJQUMNX [NWLNSNFSZX( dedhhjb% bVghje^Va gZegZhZciVi^kZh*
`QZ YZh^\cZY eg^bZgh Vh eVgi d[ Vc dc\d^c\ Z[[dgi id YZkZade bVg`Zgh l^i] jhZh ^c Wdi]
`bVbbVa^Vc XdbeVgVi^kZ \ZcZ bVee^c\ VcY bVbbVa^Vc e]nad\ZcZi^Xh* N]Z AZc<Vc`
`VcY Oc^AZcZ YViVWVhZh $H=<C% lZgZ hZVgX]ZY [dg \ZcZh l^i] Zmdch d[ hj[rX^Zci aZc\i]
`$# .,, We% VcY kVg^VW^a^in $4,t51! cjXaZdi^YZ ^YZci^in WZilZZc bdjhZ VcY ]jbVc%(
`i]ZgZWn egdk^Y^c\ VYZfjViZ kVg^Vi^dc [dg i]Z ejgedhZ d[ e]nad\ZcZi^X VcY hdbVi^X XZaa+
`gVY^Vi^dc ]nWg^Y bVee^c\* QZ YZh^\cZY eg^bZgh ^c XdchZgkZY higZiX]Zh d[ i]Z \ZcZh jh^c\
`Jg^bZg /*, $Q]^iZ]ZVY Cchi^ijiZ%* Jg^bZg YZh^\c Vkd^YZY gZ\^dch h]dl^c\ <F;MN
`h^b^aVg^in id eVgVad\jZh d[ i]Z iVg\Zi \ZcZ* Jg^bZg eV^gh lZgZ hZaZXiZY Wn egZ)hXgZZc^c\
`ZVX] hZi ^c V eVcZa d[ >H; [gdb -- ^cY^k^YjVah( ^cXajY^c\ iZc heZX^Zh [gdb Y^[[ZgZci
`Zji]Zg^Vc IgYZgh VcY dcZ bVghje^Va( jh^c\ V idjX]Ydlc J=L egdidXda l^i] BFV)AdaY
`>H; edanbZgVhZ $J? <^dhnhiZbh%( VcY Z^i]Zg -*1 dg .*, bG G\=a.* Ican i]dhZ bVg`Zgh
`i]Vi h]dlZY Vbea^rXVi^dc d[ V h^c\aZ( ^ciZchZ egdYjXi d[ i]Z egZY^XiZY h^oZ ^c Vi aZVhi c^cZ
`d[ i]Z iZc Zji]Zg^Vc dgYZgh lZgZ X]dhZc [dg i]Z rcVa hijYn* QZ i]Zc X]dhZ hjXXZhh[ja eg^bZg
`eV^gh $hZZ MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc% [dg Vbea^rXVi^dc ^c V 52)lZaa [dgbVi $. " 04
`heZX^Zh dg 2 " -2 heZX^Zh%* QZ Vbea^rZY gZbV^c^c\ heZX^Zh ^c hZeVgViZ gZVXi^dch l^i]
`Veegdeg^ViZ Xdcigdah* ;bea^rXVi^dc egdYjXih VcY <^\ >nZ iZgb^cVidg $;eea^ZY
`<^dhnhiZbh% hZfjZcX^c\ gZVXi^dch lZgZ ejg^rZY jh^c\ i]Z ?XNXadcZ 52)lZaa J=L ejg^r)
`XVi^dc hnhiZb $Jg^cXZidc MZeVgVi^dch%( VcY i]Z 52)lZaa =Zcig^)hZe hnhiZb $Jg^cXZidc
`MZeVgVi^dch%( gZheZXi^kZan* MZfjZcX^c\ gZVXi^dch lZgZ aVg\Zan eZg[dgbZY ^c V 52)lZaa
`[dgbVi jh^c\ i]Z ;<C)/3,, XVe^aaVgn hZfjZcX^c\ VeeVgVijh( l]ZgZVh hbVaaZg cjbWZgh d[
`gZVXi^dch lZgZ VcVanhZY jh^c\ Z^i]Zg Vc ;<C)/3/ higZiX] dg ;<C)/33 >H; hZfjZcXZg*
`Ijg ^c^i^Va YViV hZi Xdch^hiZY d[ # -.(,,, We [gdb ., cjXaZVg)XdY^c\ adX^* QZ gZbdkZY
`rkZ \ZcZh $-(23. We% dl^c\ id ^cXdch^hiZci Vbea^rXVi^dc ^c # .,! d[ i]Z heZX^Zh( [V^ajgZ d[
``Zn iVmV( dg Vbea^rXVi^dc d[ ejiVi^kZ eVgVad\djh adX^ ^c hdbZ heZX^Zh* N]Z rcVa hZi d[ \ZcZh
`Xdbeg^hZY -,(3,0 We d[ l]^X] 5.1 We lZgZ YZaZiZY WZXVjhZ d[ VbW^\jdjh Va^\cbZci(
`gZhjai^c\ ^c i]Z idiVa YViV hZi d[ 5(335 We* ; hjbbVgn d[ i]Z \ZcZh jhZY VcY i]Z^g
`X]VgVXiZg^hi^Xh ^h \^kZc ^c NVWaZ -*
`
`$(8( (0.,21+28 (2* 4-<03,+2+8.) (2(0<7.7
`
`J]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanh^h lVh eZg[dgbZY dc YViV hZih Va^\cZY jh^c\ i]Z XdbejiZg hd[ilVgZ
`=FOMN;F)R.2* QZ bVcjVaan ^cheZXiZY VcY bdY^rZY Va^\cbZci djieji* LZ\^dch d[ i]Z
`Va^\cbZcih ^c l]^X] YZiZgb^cVi^dc d[ ]dbdad\n lVh VbW^\jdjh lZgZ YZaZiZY WZ[dgZ
`e]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh* Cc i]Z rcVa YViV hZi( Vaa iVmV lZgZ gZegZhZciZY Wn Vi aZVhi -- d[ i]Z -3
`\ZcZ hZ\bZcih $hZZ MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc%* J]nad\ZcZi^X VcVanhZh lZgZ eZg[dgbZY
`jh^c\ bVm^bjb eVgh^bdcn( Y^hiVcXZ)WVhZY $cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\%( VcY bVm^bjb a^`Z)
`a^]ddY bZi]dYh ^beaZbZciZY ^c J;OJ& 0*,W. $gZ[* .3%( JBSFCJ /*13( $>H;GF VcY
`JgdiY^hi( D* @ZahZchiZ^c( Oc^k* d[ QVh]^c\idc% VcY JOTTF?.4* J;GF .*, $T* SVc\(
`Oc^kZgh^in =daaZ\Z( FdcYdc% lVh jhZY [dg Zhi^bVi^c\ i]Z igVch^i^dc+igVchkZgh^dc gVi^d
`$Nh+Nk 8 .*,% VcY i]Z $)eVgVbZiZg [dg gViZ kVg^Vi^dc Vbdc\ h^iZh $$ 8 ,*01%* JVgh^bdcn
`VcVanhZh lZgZ eZg[dgbZY jh^c\ 1, gZea^XViZh l^i] gVcYdb VYY^i^dc d[ iVmV VcY igZZ)
`W^hZXi^dc gZXdccZXi^dc WgVcX] hlVee^c\*
`QZ eZg[dgbZY b^c^bjb Zkdaji^dc $cZ^\]Wdjg _d^c^c\% VcVanhZh l^i] hZkZgVa Y^hiVcXZ
`bZVhjgZh $E^bjgV .)eVgVbZiZg( Fd\YZi VcY bVm^bjb a^`Za^]ddY Y^hiVcXZh l^i] BES41
`bdYZa% id ZmVb^cZ Z[[ZXih dc idedad\^XVa hiVW^a^in $hZZ MjeeaZbZciVgn Cc[dgbVi^dc%*
`GVm^bjb a^`Za^

This document is available on Docket Alarm but you must sign up to view it.


Or .

Accessing this document will incur an additional charge of $.

After purchase, you can access this document again without charge.

Accept $ Charge
throbber

Still Working On It

This document is taking longer than usual to download. This can happen if we need to contact the court directly to obtain the document and their servers are running slowly.

Give it another minute or two to complete, and then try the refresh button.

throbber

A few More Minutes ... Still Working

It can take up to 5 minutes for us to download a document if the court servers are running slowly.

Thank you for your continued patience.

This document could not be displayed.

We could not find this document within its docket. Please go back to the docket page and check the link. If that does not work, go back to the docket and refresh it to pull the newest information.

Your account does not support viewing this document.

You need a Paid Account to view this document. Click here to change your account type.

Your account does not support viewing this document.

Set your membership status to view this document.

With a Docket Alarm membership, you'll get a whole lot more, including:

  • Up-to-date information for this case.
  • Email alerts whenever there is an update.
  • Full text search for other cases.
  • Get email alerts whenever a new case matches your search.

Become a Member

One Moment Please

The filing “” is large (MB) and is being downloaded.

Please refresh this page in a few minutes to see if the filing has been downloaded. The filing will also be emailed to you when the download completes.

Your document is on its way!

If you do not receive the document in five minutes, contact support at support@docketalarm.com.

Sealed Document

We are unable to display this document, it may be under a court ordered seal.

If you have proper credentials to access the file, you may proceed directly to the court's system using your government issued username and password.


Access Government Site

We are redirecting you
to a mobile optimized page.





Document Unreadable or Corrupt

Refresh this Document
Go to the Docket

We are unable to display this document.

Refresh this Document
Go to the Docket