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`EXHIBIT B
`EXHIBIT B
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0001
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0001
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 7,825,537 (“’537 Patent”)
`
`Accused Products
`Google products, including without limitation the Google Pixel Stand and Pixel Stand 2nd Generation (“Accused Products”),
`infringe at least Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, and 28 of the ’537 Patent.
`
`Claim 1
`
`Claim 1
`[1pre] A method for
`inductively transferring power
`from a base unit providing
`input power, to a target unit
`providing output power, where
`the base unit and the target
`unit are electrically isolated,
`comprising:
`
`Accused Products
`To the extent the preamble is limiting, each Accused Product includes a method for inductively
`transferring power from a base unit providing input power, to a target unit providing output
`power, where the base unit and the target unit are electrically isolated.
`See, e.g.:
`
`Target unit
`
`Base unit
`
`Image of the Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation showing the base unit and an electrically isolated
`target unit while inductively transferring power.
`
`
`
`1
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0002
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`[1a] positioning a second
`inductive element of said
`target unit within a
`predetermined distance of a
`first inductive element of said
`base unit;
`
`Accused Products
`Each Accused Product comprises positioning a second inductive element of said target unit within
`a predetermined distance of a first inductive element of said base unit.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a coil, which comprises
`the first inductive element of the base unit. The coil is located within a stand that positions the
`second inductive element of the target unit within a predetermined distance of the first inductive
`element of the base unit.
`See, e.g.:
`
`Base unit
`
`Photograph of the stand for positioning a second inductive element of the target unit within a
`predetermined distance of a first inductive element of the base unit for the exemplary Google
`Pixel Stand 2nd Generation.
`
`
`
`2
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0003
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`First inductive
`element
`
`Photograph of the coil comprising the first inductive element inside the stand from the exemplary
`Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation.
`
`
`
`3
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0004
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Target unit
`
`Base unit
`
`Image of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation showing how the stand positions the
`second inductive element of the target unit within a predetermined distance of the first inductive
`element of the base unit.
`Each Accused Product comprises applying a time varying electric current to said first inductive
`element to produce a time varying magnetic field, said time varying magnetic field induces an
`electric current in said second inductive element.
`See, e.g.:
`
`[1b] applying a time varying
`electric current to said first
`inductive element to produce a
`time varying magnetic field,
`said time varying magnetic
`field induces an electric
`current in said second
`inductive element;
`
`
`
`4
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0005
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`[1c] monitoring at least one
`parameter indicative of an
`efficiency of power transfer
`from said base unit to said
`target unit;
`
`Oscilloscope measurement of the time varying electric current in the first inductive element from
`the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation.
`Each Accused Product comprises monitoring at least one parameter indicative of an efficiency of
`power transfer from said base unit to said target unit.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which monitors at least the current and voltage of the first
`inductive element in the base unit.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`5
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0006
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Photograph of the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC in the exemplary Google Pixel
`Stand 2nd Generation.
`
`
`
`6
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0007
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it
`monitors at least current and voltage in the base unit since it has the capability for over-current
`and over-voltage protection. Source: https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-
`form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`7
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0008
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`[1d] automatically adjusting at
`least one characteristic of said
`time varying electric current
`responsive to said parameter to
`maximize an efficiency of
`power transfer from said base
`unit to said target unit.
`
`Accused Products
`Each Accused Product comprises automatically adjusting at least one characteristic of said time
`varying electric current responsive to said parameter to maximize an efficiency of power transfer
`from said base unit to said target unit.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the amplitude and frequency of the time varying electric
`current in the first inductive element from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation were
`measured. As a small 6 mm gap was introduced between the target unit and base unit, the
`amplitude and frequency were observed to change, which suggests that they were automatically
`adjusted to maximize power transfer efficiency.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which may adjust the frequency, duty cycle, or voltage of the time
`varying current in the first inductive element in order to improve power transfer efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`8
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0009
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when the target unit is in direct contact. The peak-to-peak amplitude (32.20 V) and frequency
`(140.8 kHz) change compared to when a gap is introduced.
`
`
`
`9
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0010
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when a small 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The peak-to-peak amplitude
`(37.80 V) and frequency (125.0 kHz) change compared to when no gap is present, which suggests
`an automatic adjustment to improve power transfer efficiency.
`
`
`
`10
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0011
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Accused Products
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it adjusts
`the frequency, duty cycle, and voltage of the current in the first inductive element. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`11
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0012
`
`
`
`Claim 2
`
`Claim 2
`The method according to claim
`1, wherein said characteristic
`comprises at least one of a
`frequency of said time varying
`current and a duty cycle of
`said time varying current.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 1 has said characteristic comprising at
`least one of a frequency of said time varying current and a duty cycle of said time varying current.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the frequency of the time varying current in the first inductive
`element from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation was measured. As a small 6 mm
`gap was introduced between the target unit and base unit, the frequency was observed to change,
`which suggests that it was automatically adjusted to maximize power transfer efficiency.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which may adjust the frequency of the time varying current in the
`first inductive element in order to improve power transfer efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`12
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0013
`
`
`
`Claim 2
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element when the
`target unit is in direct contact. The frequency (140.8 kHz) is larger compared to when a gap is
`introduced.
`
`
`
`13
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0014
`
`
`
`Claim 2
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying magnetic field produced by the base unit when a
`small 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The frequency (125.0 kHz) decreases
`compared to when no gap is present, which suggests an automatic adjustment to improve power
`transfer efficiency.
`
`
`
`14
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0015
`
`
`
`Claim 2
`
`Accused Products
`
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it adjusts
`the frequency of the time varying current in the first inductive element. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`15
`
`
`
`
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0016
`
`
`
`Claim 3
`
`Claim 3
`The method according to claim
`1, further comprising
`producing said time varying
`electric current by switching a
`DC voltage source using an
`electronically controlled
`switch element.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 1 further comprises producing said time
`varying electric current by switching a DC voltage source using an electronically controlled
`switch element.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`16
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0017
`
`
`
`Claim 3
`
`Accused Products
`
`First and Second
`Switching Elements
`
`To First Inductive Element
`
`Third and Fourth
`Switching Elements
`
`Controller
`
`
`Photograph of the PCB of the base unit from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation
`showing the two dual MOSFET chips that contain four switching elements that produce the time
`varying electric current by switching a DC voltage source.
`
`
`
`17
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0018
`
`
`
`Claim 4
`
`Claim 4
`The method according to claim
`3, further comprising
`communicating said time
`varying electric current to a
`load in said base unit, and
`selecting said parameter to be
`a measured current or voltage
`associated with said load.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 3 further comprises communicating said
`time varying electric current to a load in said base unit, and selecting said parameter to be a
`measured current or voltage associated with said load.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC where the time varying current is communicated to loads
`comprising a peak detector and current sensing resistor. The IC measures a current or voltage
`associated with the loads.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`18
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0019
`
`
`
`Claim 4
`
`Accused Products
`Circuit diagram from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing
`communication of the time varying current in the coil to loads comprising a peak detector and
`current sensing resistor. Source: https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-
`datasheet?r=465156
`
`Claim 5
`
`Claim 5
`The method according to claim
`4, further comprising
`comparing said measured
`current or voltage to a constant
`reference value.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 4 further comprises comparing said
`measured current or voltage to a constant reference value.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which has the capability for over-current and over-voltage
`protection. The existence of over-current and over-voltage protection suggests the current or
`voltage measured on the current sensing resistor and peak detector loads are compared to a
`constant reference value so they do not exceed a predetermined limitation.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`19
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0020
`
`
`
`Claim 5
`
`Accused Products
`
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it has the
`capability for over-current and over-voltage protection. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`20
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0021
`
`
`
`Claim 9
`
`Claim 9
`The method according to claim
`1, further comprising
`responsive to a re-positioning
`of said second inductive
`element from a first position to
`a second position,
`automatically selectively re-
`adjusting said characteristic to
`maximize said efficiency,
`wherein said first position
`differs from said second
`position with regard to at least
`one characteristic selected
`from the group consisting of
`distance and orientation
`relative to said first inductive
`element.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 1 is responsive to a re-positioning of said
`second inductive element from a first position to a second position, automatically selectively re-
`adjusting said characteristic to maximize said efficiency, wherein said first position differs from
`said second position with regard to at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of
`distance and orientation relative to said first inductive element.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the time
`varying electric current in the first inductive element of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd
`Generation were measured in response to repositioning of the distance of the second inductive
`element to the first inductive element. As the distance was increased to produce a 6 mm gap, the
`amplitude and frequency were observed to change, which suggests that they were automatically
`adjusted by the controller IC to maximize power transfer efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`21
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0022
`
`
`
`Claim 9
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when the target unit is in direct contact. The peak-to-peak amplitude (32.20 V) and frequency
`(140.8 kHz) are different compared to when a 6 mm gap is introduced.
`
`
`
`22
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0023
`
`
`
`Claim 9
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when a 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The peak-to-peak amplitude (37.80
`V) and frequency (125.0 kHz) change compared to when no gap is present, which suggests an
`automatic adjustment to improve power transfer efficiency.
`
`
`
`23
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0024
`
`
`
`Claim 10
`
`Claim 10
`The method according to claim
`1, further comprising
`responsive to a substitution of
`a target unit with a different
`target unit, automatically
`selectively re-adjusting said
`characteristic to maximize said
`efficiency.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 1 is responsive to a substitution of a
`target unit with a different target unit, automatically selectively re-adjusting said characteristic to
`maximize said efficiency.
`For example, the base unit is sold separately from the target unit for the exemplary Google Pixel
`Stand 2nd Generation and may also be used to transfer power to any other target unit compatible
`with the Qi wireless charging standard. This suggests that target units are interchangeable for a
`given base unit and that the same adjustment of amplitude and frequency characteristics that
`occurs for one target unit will also occur for a different target unit.
`See, e.g.:
`
`Excerpt from the technical specifications of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation
`showing that it may transfer power to the Google Pixel 3, 4, 5, and 6 phones as well as other target
`units adhering to the Qi wireless charging standard. Source:
`https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/9137565?p=pixel_stand_req&visit_id=637787313
`245580377-68107338&rd=1#supported_phones&zippy=%2Cphones-that-work-with-pixel-stand
`
`
`
`
`
`24
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0025
`
`
`
`Claim 11
`
`Claim 11
`The method according to claim
`1, further comprising
`rectifying an output current
`induced in said second
`inductive element to produce a
`DC output.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the method according to claim 1 further comprises rectifying an output
`current induced in said second inductive element to produce a DC output.
`For example, wireless power transfer to a target unit such as the Google Pixel 5 is used to charge a
`battery. Since batteries require a DC input, this suggests that the output current in the second
`inductive element is rectified to produce a DC output for the battery.
`See, e.g.:
`
`Excerpt from the technical specifications of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation
`showing that it may be used to charge Google Pixel 3, 4, 5, and 6 phones that contain a battery.
`Source:
`https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/9137565?p=pixel_stand_req&visit_id=637787313
`245580377-68107338&rd=1#supported_phones&zippy=%2Cphones-that-work-with-pixel-stand
`
`
`
`25
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0026
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Claim 12
`[12pre] An inductive power
`transfer system, comprising:
`
`Accused Products
`To the extent the preamble is limiting, each Accused Product includes an inductive power transfer
`system.
`See, e.g.:
`
`[12a] a base unit comprising a
`first inductive element
`configured for providing input
`power to a second inductive
`element of a target unit
`providing output power, said
`base unit electrically isolated
`from said target unit;
`
`Photograph of the Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation while inductively transferring power.
`Each Accused Product includes a base unit comprising a first inductive element configured for
`providing input power to a second inductive element of a target unit providing output power, said
`base unit electrically isolated from said target unit.
`For example, the base unit of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a coil,
`which comprises the first inductive element and provides output power to the second inductive
`element of the target unit.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`26
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0027
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`Target unit
`
`Base unit
`
`Photograph of the base unit from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation and an
`electrically isolated target unit.
`
`
`
`27
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0028
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`First inductive
`element
`
`[12b] a positioning structure
`provided on at least one of said
`base unit and said target unit
`for removably positioning said
`second inductive element at a
`predetermined orientation and
`
`Photograph of the base unit from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation showing the
`coil comprising the first inductive element (red).
`Each Accused Product comprises a positioning structure provided on at least one of said base unit
`and said target unit for removably positioning said second inductive element at a predetermined
`orientation and distance relative to said first inductive element.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a stand that positions the
`second inductive element of the target unit at a predetermined distance and orientation relative to
`the first inductive element of the base unit.
`
`
`
`28
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0029
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`distance relative to said first
`inductive element;
`
`See, e.g.:
`
`Accused Products
`
`Base unit
`
`Photograph of the stand for positioning a second inductive element of the target unit at a
`predetermined distance and orientation relative to a first inductive element of the base unit for the
`exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation.
`
`
`
`29
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0030
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`Target unit
`
`Base unit
`
`Image of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation showing how the stand positions the
`second inductive element of the target unit at a predetermined distance and orientation relative to
`the first inductive element of the base unit.
`Each Accused Product comprises a switch element configured for selectively applying a time
`varying electric current to said first inductive element to produce a time varying magnetic field,
`said time varying magnetic field inducing an electric current in said second inductive element.
`See, e.g.:
`
`[12c] a switch element
`configured for selectively
`applying a time varying
`electric current to said first
`inductive element to produce a
`time varying magnetic field,
`said time varying magnetic
`field inducing an electric
`current in said second
`inductive element; and
`
`
`
`30
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0031
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`First and Second
`Switching Elements
`
`To First Inductive Element
`
`Third and Fourth
`Switching Elements
`
`Control circuit
`
`Photograph of the PCB in the base unit showing four MOSFETs from the exemplary Google Pixel
`Stand 2nd Generation. The MOSFETs are switching elements that selectively apply a time varying
`electric current to the first inductive element.
`
`
`
`
`31
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0032
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`[12d] a control circuit
`configured for monitoring at
`least one parameter indicative
`of an efficiency of power
`transfer from said base unit to
`said target unit, and
`automatically adjusting at least
`one characteristic of said time
`
`
`
`Oscilloscope measurement of the time varying electric current in the first inductive element of the
`base unit from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation.
`Each Accused Product comprises a control circuit configured for monitoring at least one
`parameter indicative of an efficiency of power transfer from said base unit to said target unit, and
`automatically adjusting at least one characteristic of said time varying electric current responsive
`to said parameter to maximize an efficiency of power transfer from said base unit to said target
`unit.
`
`32
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0033
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`varying electric current
`responsive to said parameter to
`maximize an efficiency of
`power transfer from said base
`unit to said target unit.
`
`Accused Products
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which may adjust the frequency, duty cycle, or voltage of the time
`varying current in the first inductive element in order to improve power transfer efficiency.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the time
`varying electric current in the first inductive element of the base unit from the exemplary Google
`Pixel Stand 2nd Generation were measured. As a small 6 mm gap was introduced between the
`target unit and base unit, the amplitude and frequency were observed to change, which suggests
`that they were automatically adjusted by the control circuit to maximize power transfer efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`33
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0034
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`First and Second
`Switching Elements
`
`To First Inductive Element
`
`Third and Fourth
`Switching Elements
`
`Control circuit
`
`Photograph of the PCB in the base unit of exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation showing
`the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC forming the control circuit.
`
`
`
`34
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0035
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it adjusts
`the frequency, duty cycle, and voltage of the current in the first inductive element. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`35
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0036
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when the target unit is in direct contact. The peak-to-peak amplitude (32.20 V) and frequency
`(140.8 kHz) are different compared to when a 6 mm gap is introduced.
`
`
`
`36
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0037
`
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when a 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The peak-to-peak amplitude (37.80
`V) and frequency (125.0 kHz) change compared to when no gap is present, which suggests an
`automatic adjustment to improve power transfer efficiency.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the system of claim 12 has said characteristic comprising at least one of
`a frequency of said time varying current and a duty cycle of said time varying current.
`
`37
`
`Claim 13
`
`Claim 13
`The system of claim 12,
`wherein said characteristic
`comprises at least one of a
`
`
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0038
`
`
`
`Claim 13
`frequency of said time varying
`current and a duty cycle of
`said time varying current.
`
`Accused Products
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which may adjust the frequency, duty cycle, or voltage of the time
`varying current in the first inductive element in order to improve power transfer efficiency.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the frequency of the time varying electric current in the first
`inductive element of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation was measured. As a small
`6 mm gap was introduced between the target unit and base unit, the frequency was observed to
`change, which suggests that the frequency is a characteristic automatically adjusted by the
`controller IC to maximize power transfer efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`38
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0039
`
`
`
`Claim 13
`
`Accused Products
`
`
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it adjusts
`the frequency and duty cycle of the current in the first inductive element. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`39
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0040
`
`
`
`Claim 13
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when the target unit is in direct contact. The frequency (140.8 kHz) is different compared to
`when a 6 mm gap is introduced.
`
`
`
`40
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0041
`
`
`
`Claim 13
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when a 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The frequency (125.0 kHz)
`changes compared to when no gap is present, which suggests it is a characteristic automatically
`adjusted to improve power transfer efficiency.
`
`
`
`41
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0042
`
`
`
`Claim 14
`
`Claim 14
`The system of claim 12,
`wherein said switch element is
`electronically controlled, and
`wherein said switch element is
`configured for coupling and
`decoupling a DC voltage
`source to said first inductive
`element to produce said time
`varying current.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, system of claim 12 has said switch element electronically controlled,
`and wherein said switch element is configured for coupling and decoupling a DC voltage source to
`said first inductive element to produce said time varying current.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`42
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0043
`
`
`
`Claim 14
`
`Accused Products
`
`First and Second
`Switching Elements
`
`To First Inductive Element
`
`Third and Fourth
`Switching Elements
`
`Control circuit
`
`Photograph of the PCB of the base unit from the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation
`showing the controller and four MOSFET switching elements that produce the time varying
`electric current in the first inductive element by coupling and decoupling a DC voltage source.
`
`
`
`43
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0044
`
`
`
`Claim 15
`
`Claim 15
`The system of claim 14,
`further comprising a load
`circuit coupled to said first
`inductive element, and where
`said parameter comprises a
`current or voltage associated
`with said load.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the system of claim 14 further comprises a load circuit coupled to said
`first inductive element, and where said parameter comprises a current or voltage associated with
`said load.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC where the time varying current is communicated to loads
`comprising a peak detector and current sensing resistor. The IC measures a current or voltage
`associated with the loads.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`44
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0045
`
`
`
`Claim 15
`
`Accused Products
`Circuit diagram from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing
`communication of the time varying current in the coil to loads comprising a peak detector and
`current sensing resistor. Source: https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-
`datasheet?r=465156
`
`Claim 16
`
`Claim 16
`The system of claim 15,
`wherein said control circuit
`automatically selectively
`adjusts said characteristic
`based on a comparison of said
`measured current or voltage to
`a constant reference value.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the system of claim 15 has said control circuit automatically selectively
`adjust said characteristic based on a comparison of said measured current or voltage to a constant
`reference value.
`For example, the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation includes a Renesas P9247
`Wireless Power Transmitter IC, which has the capability for over-current and over-voltage
`protection. The existence of over-current and over-voltage protection suggests the current or
`voltage measured on the current sensing resistor and peak detector loads are compared to a
`constant reference value so they do not exceed a predetermined limitation.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`45
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0046
`
`
`
`Claim 16
`
`Accused Products
`
`
`Excerpt from the Renesas P9247 Wireless Power Transmitter IC datasheet showing that it has the
`capability for over-current and over-voltage protection. Source:
`https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/sds/p9247-short-form-datasheet?r=465156
`
`
`
`46
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0047
`
`
`
`Claim 20
`
`Claim 20
`The system of claim 12,
`wherein said control circuit is
`further configured during said
`automatically adjusting for
`automatically selectively re-
`adjusting a frequency to
`maximize said efficiency
`responsive to a re-positioning
`of said second inductive
`element from a first position to
`a second position, wherein said
`first position differs from said
`second position with regard to
`at least one characteristic
`selected from the group
`consisting of distance and
`orientation relative to said first
`inductive element.
`
`Accused Products
`In each Accused Product, the system of claim 12 has said control circuit further configured during
`said automatically adjusting for automatically selectively re-adjusting a frequency to maximize
`said efficiency responsive to a re-positioning of said second inductive element from a first
`position to a second position, wherein said first position differs from said second position with
`regard to at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of distance and orientation
`relative to said first inductive element.
`For example, using an oscilloscope, the frequency of the time varying electric current in the first
`inductive element of the exemplary Google Pixel Stand 2nd Generation was measured in response
`to repositioning of the distance of the second inductive element to the first inductive element. As
`the distance was increased to produce a 6 mm gap, the frequency was observed to change, which
`suggests that it was automatically adjusted by the controller IC to maximize power transfer
`efficiency.
`See, e.g.:
`
`
`
`47
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0048
`
`
`
`Claim 20
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when the target unit is in direct contact. The frequency (140.8 kHz) is different compared to
`when a 6 mm gap is introduced.
`
`
`
`48
`
`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1015, 0049
`
`
`
`Claim 20
`
`Accused Products
`
`Oscilloscope measurements of the time varying current in the first inductive element of the base
`unit when a 6 mm gap is introduced separating the target unit. The frequency (125.0 kHz)
`c
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