United States Patent (19)
`Maxwell et al.
`
`11
`45
`
`Patent Number:
`Date of Patent:
`
`4,924,456
`May 8, 1990
`
`54 HIGH SPEED MODEM
`75 Inventors: Ronald K. Maxwell, Palo Alto; Karl
`J. Zorzi, Pleasanton; Harunori
`Yoshikawa, Cupertino; Venkat S.
`Prasad, San Jose, all of Calif.; Fred G.
`Smith, Longwood, Fla.; Ming-Chih
`Hsieh, San Jose, Calif.
`Racal Data Communications, Inc.,
`Sunrise, Fla.
`(21) Appl. No.: 197,128
`22 Filed:
`Aug. 29, 1988
`
`73) Assignee:
`
`62
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`Division of Ser. No. 909,012, Sep. 18, 1986, Pat. No.
`4,771,417.
`Int. Cl............................................... H04J 15/00
`51
`(52) U.S. C. ........................................ 370/32; 370/64;
`375/8
`58) Field of Search .................. 370/31, 32, 35, 110.1,
`370/68. 1, 24, 29, 84; 375/8, 7
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,956,589 5/1976 Weathers et al. ..................... 370/35
`3,990,046 11/1976 Katz et al. .............................. 375/8
`
`(56.
`
`4,425,664 1/1984 Sherman et al. ........................ 375/8
`4,756,007 7/1988 Qureshi et al.......
`... 370/84
`4,780,883 10/1988 O'Connor et al. ...................... 375/7
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`2402356 4/1979 France .................................. 370/31
`Primary Examiner-Joseph A. Orsino
`Assistant Examiner-Frank M. Scutch, III
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Arnold, White & Durkee
`57
`ABSTRACT
`A modem is disclosed having a data transmission proto
`col involving lower-speed, full-duplex operation during
`the connect sequence with a remote modem and an
`automatic switch to higher-speed, half-duplex operation
`for data transfer. Further, the modem data transmission
`involves transparently changing between lower-speed,
`interactive operation and higher-speed operation based
`upon data transmission demands. The operation is con
`trolled by a processor monitoring the contents of a
`transmit data buffer and providing a mode control com
`mand to the moden transmitter. The modem also
`adapts its speed to the quality of the telephone line by
`fallback or fallforward to a different speed based upon
`predetermined data frame retransmission criteria.
`
`6 Claims, 69 Drawing Sheets
`
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`2
`
`Nokia of America Corporation
`IPR2022-00665, Ex. 1014
`
`Ex. 1014.001
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`1
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 2 of 69
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`4,924,456
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`U.S. Patent
`
`May 8, 1990
`
`Sheet 4 of 69
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`4,924.456
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`

`

`US. Patent May 8, 1990 .
`
`Sheet 7 of 69
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`

`

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`May8, 1990
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`US. Patent
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`May8, 1990
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`US. Patent
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`May8, 1990
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`Sheet 10 0f 69
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`

`

`US.Patent
`May8, 1990
`
`
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`4,924,456
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`

`

`US. Patent May 8, 1990
`
`Sheet 12 0f 69
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`4,924,456
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`
`Ex. 1014.013
`
`Ex. 1014.013
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`7 §108,01, B0V
`20% CER
`R89
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`10K
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`Sheet 13 of 69
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`4,924,456
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`May 8, 1990
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`Ex. 1014.014
`
`Ex. 1014.014
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 140f 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`sy
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`wrenop Fitcy DP
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`M36
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`Ex. 1014.015
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 15 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`Faye DE
`
`27K
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`
`Ex. 1014.016
`
`Ex. 1014.016
`
`

`

`4,924.456
`A
`
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` STEEPANZ:00960021|)vid|oananvursXNolsNvZHSzzzYXL%|id
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`US. Patent
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`Ex. 1014.017
`
`Ex. 1014.017
`
`
`
`
`

`

`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 17 of 69
`
`N
`
`
`
`HSIVEVLSaAY3A0I3YLIN
`
`ANITGdS01
`
`“QdSMO109OLSLOWSYMSV
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`
`MOQADY
`
`4,924,456
`
`
`
`SZ~KurgSyovGN3SONYX3IdNdTINSMO1LYXNITHSNSVLSa
`U.S. Patent
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`
`A310OLViVdSAID34Y
`
`S3aWvusTvOlXoVGNSSMINITXG4|LXSTdNd4IVHGdSIHdN13s
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`LUVvLs
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`
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`
`Ex. 1014.018
`
`Ex. 1014.018
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 18 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`CiSSNNODSIC)
`1S3M01NI
`oveTvs
`
`we
`Maga
`
`LINSNVYL
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`NIT
`
`N
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`Ollwu
`
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`
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`
`da3dsM0}
`
`MNITXO4
`
`
`
`OLSWVYsTONINODGNIS
`
`Qa3dSIH09OlALOWSY
`
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`
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`
`xatdnd
`
`
`
`MOGNIMOLdAViV0LINK.
`
`SHI01G3ZIS
`
`
`
`033dSMO109OlAWVUSTOMLNODGN3S
`
`JNO40dNITdN13S
`
`
`
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`
`CRENVET)
`
`
`
`daisJNO¥O4ANITdALAS
`
`
`
`daadSYSMOT
`
`LINSNVYL
`
`LINI
`
`ANSA0I3M
`
`HSMaVvisa
`
`CUWSNVST)©ANA
`
`Ex. 1014.019
`
`Ex. 1014.019
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`May8, 1990
`US. Patent
`9600vp OBJECT CODE
`
`Sheet 19 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`.
`
`fFixey. 135-7
`
`:O03000000F3186D85
`:0200080018FEE0
`:0200100018FED8
`70200180018FEDO
`:0200200018FEC8
`:0200280018FECO
`:0200300018FEB8
`:0200380018FEBO
`:0200660018FE82
`:10007000F32100A0AF771101A001FF3FEDBO31FFE8
`: LOOO8000DFCDE93 7 CD2A0DCD3CODCD3 4 ODCD3COD66
`:06009000CD2A0DCD3COD50
`:10009600CD34 0DAF2F32A8DBCDBA3 8CDA53 6CD86FF
`:0B00A6003721769CCB96CB4E2803CD73
`:
`: LOOOB1LOOCDOBCDCE013A739CB72003CDCF73CDE6C60
`:0C00C10077F331FFDFCD9B37CDB837114E
`:1000CD005721CDD638CDOBODCD5111CDAD0121CA56
`: OQEOODDOODBCBDEF33E0132C2DB3EDDED471130
`: LOOOEBO03E1CCDCD38117B23CDEA3811B122CDDCAE
`:0200FB003811BA
`: LOCOFDO04B26CDE3 3 8EDSE3EB9D3223A32DB320DDD
`: O7O01LOD00DBAF3 2A6DB2F324D
`:10011400A8DB2FF64032A7DBCD9 DOBFBCDBA3 8CD43
`706012400833ACDB83ACD8C
`;
`: LOOL2ZAD0CFOECD1439CD2 DOECD4 4 0OECD6BOECD870D
`:0B013A0001CDBC013A739CB720DC2112
`:10014500ABDBCB4 6CB86C44D76CD670118CDCDBA9A
`:10015500383A008CCB4728F6210C9FCB86C3001A72
`:0601650018EC3A008C4783
`:10016B003AA6DBA8E601280CCB4 02 809AF3214DBFA
`:10017B007832A6DBC93E18CD483A18F43A739CB7CF
`:06018B00281F3A008D4719
`?100191003AA7DB4FA8E64028127832A7DBCB7028BC
`:1001A1000A21C6DBCBEE3333C3DD04C93A769CCBDF
`:0601B100472004CDF60CO0E
`:1001B700C9CDEF0CC9217 69CCB4EC8CB56C8CDCD47
`> OD01C7000B3AC2DBC3 BO3E3E23CD523A21BD
`:1001D400ADDB3 60AC921ADDB3 5CAE8013E23CD5279
`:0A01E4003AC3703921769CCBD6C3 D4
`: 1001EE0070393A3CDBFEO1CA00023A709CFE10C226
`:0901FE000004CD6A0DCD760BCD95
`:10020700B811F3CDOBOEFB21CEDBCB96CBE6CBDECS
`21002170023CB86CD7 FOCCD53 0CCDFDOCCD420C3EBO
`:06022700B9D3223E18CD00
`:10022D006B383E0ACD7C3 83E36CD8A3 83EO03CD98AC
`: 0OF023D003 8CDDDOBCDEBOB3A3CDBFE01204F2122
`+1002 4COOCBDBCB6EC273 02CDBA3 8CD6DOAD2CEO2E7
`: OA02 5COOCDBEOAD2 0603CD2B0BD253
`:100266003D0421C5DBCB4 6CADA04C353023A709C6F
`
`Ex. 1014.020
`
`Ex. 1014.020
`
`

`

`May8, 1990
`US. Patent
`Fiaxe 13-2
`
`Sheet 20 0f 69
`
`4,924,456
`|
`
`:09027600FE01C29502CDBA38CD9B
`:10027FO006DOAD2CE0221769CCB4E2 0F021C5DBCB6E
`: OFO28F0046CADA0418E6FE08C2B402CDBA38CD6A
`:10029E00BE0AD2060321769CCB4E20F021C5DBCBC5
`: ODO2AE0046CADA04 18E6CDBA38CD2BOBD2C3
`:1002BB003D0421769CCB4E20F021C5DBCB46CADA20
`:1002CB000418E621CEDBCBCECB9ECDF3 0BCDFBOBB7
`:0302DB003E78CD9D
`1 1002DE007C38CDBA3821C5DBCB4EC2ZE302CDEFOC54
`:1002EE003E1932C0ODBC3A3063E57D3203E12D320A5
`:0302FEC03E01328C
`:10030100759CC3A306CDF30B21CEDBCB9ECBC6CD13
`:0C031100FBOB3A3CDBFEO1C23204F3118E
`: 1003 LDOOFA2 6CDE338FBCD8D0B3A739CB7CAEA03B1
`:09932D0021CBDBCB6EC279033A4F
`:1003360037DBFEO5CACD03 FE04CACD033A4 0DBFE19
`11003460002C2790321CODBCBF63E57D3203E12D33F
`704035600203E013212
`:10035A00759CCD3809CD6CO9CD88 ODCDDBOD2Z1C03A
`: 0A036A00DBCB76CA8903CD8DOBCDE5S
`:10037400C545C38C033E57D3203E90D3203E013263
`110038400759CC35C03CD950B3E99CD7C3821C5DBB0
`:03039400CB4EC28B
`2100397009103CDCFOCCD33 0OCCD6F0C21CODBCBAE91
`: OD03A7 00CBDE21CEDBCB863A3CDBFE01C273
`:1003B400C603CBA6F3113E1CCDCD38FBCD330CC305
`:1003C400A107CBE6CDD90C18EBOLED27CD7D25CDCA
`:1003D400A80E3A759CFE08CA4203011328CD89254C
`2070384 00CDA80EC3 42032166
`: 1OO3 EBOOCODBCBDECDF1693A759CFEO8CA4203CD6A
`:0903FB007079C34203CDB811CDA5
`1100404007 FOCCDFDOCCD1211CD2211CD1211CDF3E7
`:0A0414000B3EO0DCD7C38CDBA382127
`210041 E00CS5SDBCB4E2 0F9CD530CCD371121C0ODBCB3 4
`> OD042EQ00AEC3 08 08CDDF1IO3E0832CODBC3AE
`?10043B008C03CD550B21CEDB3 6002336003A739C53
`: OF044B00B7CAB3 04 3ACBDBCB6FCA7D043E103285
`:10045A00759CCDB40921CODBCBAECDD9 0CCD330C04
`: OA046A003E1ACD3E3AF311B91FCD42
`:10047400DC3 8CDDBODFBC39807F311FA26CDE33846
`:10048400CD8DOBFB3A37DBFE052807FE042803C39A
`:100494005C0401FA27CD7D25CDA80E3A759CFE108B
`:0704A400CA5C04011328CDI1E
`71004AB008925CDA8 0EC35C04F311FA26CDE338CD14
`:0904BBO08DOBFB21CODBCBCECD83
`21004C400F169CDA80E3A759CFE10CA5C04CD707912
`:0704D400CDA8 0EC35C04C3B8
`> LOC 4DBOO001A3A3CDBFE0128083A709CFE10C2DA87
`> 0804EB0007CD6A0DCD760B3A36
`:1004F3 00C6DBCB6FCA0105F3CDOBOECD387DCDB86E
`:1005030011FBCD7FOCCD53 0CCDFDOCIEBID3223E58
`
`Ex. 1014.021
`
`Ex. 1014.021
`
`

`

`US. Patent May 8, 1990
`fia13-3
`
`|
`
`Sheet 21 0f 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`70205130018CDO1
`:100515006B38CDBA3 821008CCB5EC2340521769C70
`710052500CB4E2 0EE21C5DBCB4 6CADA04C317053E08
`:020535005ACD9D
`:100537007C38CDBA3 83A008CCBSF28D43A008DCBC3
`:100547004728CD21C5DBCB4EC239053A31DBFE0446
`7060557002803CD420C3A1E
`: 10055D003CDBFE01C210093A739CB728083AC6DB92
`:0B056D00CB57CA00093A759CFELOCA6B
`: 1005780089 06FE08CA3106CDOB0C2 1CEDBCBCECBCB
`> 10058800E6CB9623CB86CDFBOB3E02CD98383E0AB0
`:04059800CD7C38CD11
`: LO059CO00BA3 8CD6D0AD28C0621C5DBCBSECAB4 0548
`: O905ACO00CB46C29B05C3DA042111
`: LOOSBSOOCEDBCBC6CB8E3AC6DBCBEFC21D063A3E31
`: OEO5C500DBFE01C21D063EC8CD98383E36CD85
`> 1005D3008A3 8CD6DOAD2 8CO6CDBEOAD2B906CDBA01
`: 0C05E3003821C5DBCB4 6CADA04CB5EC26F
`? LOOSEFOOD50521CEDBCB8 6CBE6CD550BCD4D0BCD37
`: OEO5SFF0003 0OCCDEBOB3E1ECD7C38CDBA38CDB3
`:10060D00090BD2930821C5DBCB46C20906C3DA0418
`: OAO061D00CDBA3 8CD6DOAD28C06214B
`210062700CSDBCB46C21D06C3 DA04CDA50B21CEDB45
`: 100637 00CBC6CBE6CB9623CB86CDFBOB3E3 6CD8AFE
`202064700383A3F
`:10064900C6DBCB6FC276063A3 EDBFE01C276063EBA
`> 0B065900C8CD98 3 8CDBA3 8CDBEOAD20B
`*10066400B90621C5DBCB4 6CADA04CBSEC25D06C33C
`:0C067400F105CDBA3 8CDBEOAD2B906217E
`110068000CS5DBCB4620FOC3DA04C3F1053E3932CO0E6
`> ODO69000DBCDF60C3E99CD7C38CDBA38217B
`: 10069D00CSDBCB4E2 0F921CEDBCB86CB8ECD1E0913
`: ODO6AD00CD150CCD250CCDC500C398072133
`: LOOGBADOC6DBCB963A41DBFEO3CACFO6C3CFO6CDD3
`+ OCO6CANOAA09C39807F33A3CDBFEOLC2Z0A
`:1006D6008D0721C6DBCB6EC25907FBCD330CCDCFCO
`: O906E6000C3A739CB7C2F806211E
`+: LOO6GEFOOCODBCBDECDF169180901ED27CD8925CD12
`> O806FF00A8 0E3A759CFEO8CA22
`$1007070037073A739CB7C21A0721CODBCBDECD701F
`:07071700791809011328CD38
`:10071E008925CDA8 0E3A4 ODBFE02C259073A759CD8
`:0A072EQ00OFE10282721C0ODBCBF621C6
`:10073800CEDBCBA6CD38 09CDECO9CD880DCDDBOD30
`:0C07480021C0ODBCB7 6CA6907CD8DOBCD3C
`>10075400C545C3 6C073E57D3203E90D320FB3EO8CB
`71007640032759C18CECD950B21CODBCBEE113E1COF
`:01077400CDB7
`310077500CD38FBCD33 OCCDF60C3EO0FCD3E3AC3A1A3
`>100785000700010503C0056021CODBCBDECDDF100E
`:04079500C36CO7CD5D
`
`Ex. 1014.022
`
`Ex. 1014.022
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 22 0f 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`Fiay-I3-F
`:10079900BE0E113ELCCDCD383A008C3 2A6DB3A0094
`: 0A07A9008E32A8DB3E013228DB216E
`:1007B3 OODODBCBC62 10EDB36003AC2DBE614CBD747
`10807C30032C2DBAF3226DB3A43
`: 1007CBOOCODBCB47C22A46CB77C22A46C3191221BC
`: 0AQ7 DBOOCBDBCB462056CDB811CD84
`*1007E5007FOCCDFD0CCD12110D2211CD1211CDF303
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`.10B096C0006093A38DBFE01202178323A
`:10097700D1DB3EFF3 2E0DB3 2E1DB32D7DBAF32D80F
`:02098700DB3261
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`7100999009E090418D7 FE03C2A6090518CF05051834
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`! LOO9BFO003E48D32121AB090E030609EDB33E1C328D
`: O509CFOOR6DB3EC13231
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`: OEOSF800CB57CA53 0A3A759CFE10C2220A3A27
`: 100A0600A2DBF62032A2DB32 008E3AA1DBF60132FF
`
`Ex. 1014.023
`
`Ex. 1014.023
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 23 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`Fiiny. 13-5
`:O0D0A1600008D32A1DB3E3232CODBFBC93A5D
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`?: LOOAF8 OODEDBFEFF2 0D8C3 D8 0A3E0032DCDBC3D8D9
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`> OBOBB3 003 BOC3AA3 DBESBFC33 BOC3A4F
`
`: 1OOBBEO0A4 DBEG6BFC3 9COC3AA4 DBF640C3 9COC3A04
`: O8OBCEQOA4DBE67FC39COC3A96
`: 1OOBD600A4 DBF680C3 9COC3AA0DBF602E6FB32A04F
`: OEOBEGOODB32008CC93AAODBEGF7C3E40B3A21
`: LOOBF4 00A0ODBF608C3 E4 OB3AAODBEGFDC3E40B3A42
`7 O80CO400A0DBF602C3E40B3A89
`+ LOOCOCOOAODBEGFCP6C8C3E4 0B3AC1DBF601180521
`: OAOC1COO03AC1DBE6FE3 2C1DBC93A43
`:100C2600C1DBF60218F53AC1DBE6FD18EECD97 0CEE
`: OD0C36003AA3 DBEG6FD3 2A3DB32008FC93AA2
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`:100CSDO00A4DBD3 40C93AA4DBF61018F33AA4DBE683
`
`Ex. 1014.024
`
`Ex. 1014.024
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 24 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`Fiay- 93-6
`: LOOCADOOFB18EC3AA4 DBF60418E53AA4DBE6F718DA
`:020CBDOODE3A1D
`: LOOCBFO0A4 DBF60818D7 3AAODBF610E6DFC3E40B87
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`: 1OOE7D0043DBFE01201F21008CCB4E20183AA3DB53
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`: OGOEXDOO6FOCCLEIC9CDSC
`: 100EA300770CC1E1C9E521CADBCB4 620FC3EOFCD5SF
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`> O60EC3002809CD6859CD9D
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`: LOOEFF002334C93AC8 DBFE103816CDB50D3 EODCDE3
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`? 060F3500CB86233600CD3F
`
`Ex. 1014.025
`
`Ex. 1014.025
`
`

`

`4,924,456
`
`Sheet 25 of 69
`
`US. Patent May s 1990
`KingFST
`: LOOF3BOOD00D3A4 4DBFEO2CA4COF3A008CCB472053
`*100F4B009C21739CCB46C25F0F21139FCB46C26D76
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`701111700CDOA
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`'10113400EBOBC921C0DB36243A709CFE082002CB9D
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`s LOLICAOOFBCSCS54F06007F7F10FCOD2Z0F9CIC9E598
`
`Ex. 1014.026
`
`Ex. 1014.026
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May8, 1990
`
`Sheet 26 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`icy. 13-3
`:0611DA0021CADBCB462018
`: LOLLEQOOF9E1C93A48DBFEO22810F53E1FCD663A08
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`20912690096122101D7C38F123A3D
`,
`:10127200C2DBCB67201E2101D7CB46C46116CB4E01
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`> 0F145600001436003AA3DBCB4F209FCD8DOBCD7A
`
`Ex. 1014.027
`
`Ex. 1014.027
`
`

`

`4,924,456
`
`Sheet 27 0f69
`
`May8, 1990
`US. Patent
`FisI3-9
`>10146500420CCDE3113A4ADBFE01200A3E1DCD5266
`:091475003A21ACDBCBD618833A16
`!10147E00A6DBCB5FCACB14AF3218DB3ACODBCB474F
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`*OAL4FD00C9.3AC4DBCB5FC21615210B
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`*0E15170015CD3E3AC30615E521CODBCB46CA12
`2101525003F1521A6DBCB56C23A15CD470DCD250C6F
`*10153500E1C9CD77 OCCD2COCE1C9CB6620FACBS5E89
`:01154500C2E3
`:101546003D153AA6DBCB57C25E153A008CCB4F2031
`:10155600E63ELECD3E3A18DFCD77 0C3ACODBCB6FA8
`:04156600C23D15C3AA
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`*10157A0075153E1BCD3E3A2 1ACDBCBC618EDE521F5
`*10158A00CODBCB662048CB5E204421ACDBCB4620B7
`: 10159A00DA3AA6DBCB4FC218163A0580CB7FC27562
`:0615AA0015CB56C27515B9
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`*1015C000782804F6801802F684E6BF3205803A0EC9
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`'1015D600189D3A43DBFE01209621C4DBCB5E202F0B
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`:O615F600A6DBCB4F20062E
`2 1LOLSFCOOCD6F0CC37515CD770CC375153A3 FDBFE5B
`:10160C00032806FE04280218E0C375153A0580CBA2
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`*0D16320018DBC9CD4216D83E10CD5C3A320F
`210163F0026DBC93A44DBFE02281021CODBCB46284B
`:10164F000B3A3 FDBFE042802AFC937C9CB7620F136
`:O06165FO0018F6F3CB86E54E
`:10166500CD1COCCD2C0CCD550B2 1CEDBCBAEFB3AD6
`:0816750028DBB7CA8516AF326D
`:10167D0028DBCD6FO0CCD33 0CCD030C21CODBCB9IE05
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`205169D0008320E803A46
`:1016A2000580F680320580C348393E12C396163E45
`:1016B20011C396163E09C39616C34839F3CB8EE57D
`3:0616C200CD1LCOCCD2C0C28
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`!0716D8003A3ACODBCB9F3260
`: LOL6DFOOCODB3A28DBB72807AFCD33 0CCD6FOCE159
`
`Ex. 1014.028
`
`Ex. 1014.028
`
`

`

`May8, 1990
`US. Patent
`Hiax.I3-90
`
`Sheet 28 of 69
`
`4,924,456
`
`1 1016EF00C93E143204803A0E80F608320E80CD4780
`:0516FF000DC348393A5B
`:101704000D84F620320D843E12C3F2163E11C3F24C
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`110172A00E67F320580CD03 0C3E06CD3IE3A3AC3DB56
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`!10174500CEDBCBC6CBE6CD64 0B3AC2DBF66032C24C
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`!10177200640B2 1CEDBCBC6CBE6FBCD03 0C3A058056
`!:0E178200E67F3205803AC2DBF62032C2DB3A47
`:10179000C3DBF60132C3DBE1C9IAF3222DB2F3223D8
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