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`US010193392B2
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`a2) United States Patent
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`(10) Patent No.:
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`Bae
`Jan. 29, 2019
`(45) Date of Patent:
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`(58) Field of Classification Search
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`CPC wees I102J 50/80; 1102J 7/025; 1102] 50/40;
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`[102M 7/53873; 1104B 5/0037
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`See application file for complete search history.
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`(54) WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER DEVICE
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`AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
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`SYSTEM
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`(71) Applicant: LG INNOTEK CO., LTD., Seoul (KR)
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`(72)
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`Inventor:
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`Su Ho Bae, Seoul (KR)
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`(73) Assignee: LG INNOTEK CO., LTD., Seoul (KR)
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`(*) Notice:
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`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
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`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
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`U.S.C. 154(b) by 68 days.
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`(21) Appl. No.:
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`15/110,665
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`(22) PCIFiled:
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`Jan. 7, 2015
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`(86) PCT No::
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`§ 371 (c)(1).
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`(2) Date:
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`PCT/KR2015/000163
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`Jul. 8, 2016
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`(56)
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`CN
`CN
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`References Cited
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`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`2/2007 Azmoodeh
`7,180,347 B2
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`2010/0109443 Al
`5/2010 Cooket al.
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`(Continued)
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`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`102751773 A
`10/2012
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`103326475 A
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`(Continued)
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
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`International Search Report issued in PC'l/KR2015/000163, dated
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`Mar. 31, 2015.
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`(87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2015/105334
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`PCT Pub. Date: Jul. 16, 2015
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`(65)
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`(30)
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`Prior Publication Data
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`US 2016/0329752 Al
`Nov. 10, 2016
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`Foreign Application Priority Data
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`Jan. 8, 2014
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`Jan. 24, 2014
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`(KR) vee 10-2014-0002327
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`(KR) wee 10-2014-0009243
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`(51)
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`Int. Cl.
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`HOLF 27/42
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`HO2F 50/12
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`HO2F 50/40
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`HO2T 50/80
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`HO2F 7/02
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`
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`(2006.01)
`(2016.01)
`(2016.01)
`(2016.01)
`(2016.01)
`(Continued)
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`(52) US. Cl.
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`CPC ww. O27 50/12 (2016.02); HO2F 7/025
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`(2013.01); HO2F 7/041 (2013.01); H027 50/40
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`(2016.02);
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`(Continued)
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`Primary Examiner — Jared T'ureman
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`Assistant Examiner — Duc M Pham
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`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Birch, Stewart, Kolasch
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`& Birch, LLP
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`ABSTRACT
`(57)
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`A wireless powertransfer system according to an embodi-
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`ment of the present invention is a wireless power transfer
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`system having a receiving part for receiving power from a
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`transmitting part, wherein the transmitting part comprises: a
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`powerconversion part comprising a full bridge inverter; and
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`a control part for controlling the power conversion part
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`using a pulse width modulation (PWM)control signal, the
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`duty ratio of the PWM control signal being determined bya
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`duty ratio in which the ratio of the magnitude of harmonics
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`to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency amongfre-
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`quency components of the output signal of the power
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`conversion part is a minimum.
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`(Continued)
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`8 Claims, 14 Drawing Sheets
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`00.
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`120
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`—[{}i=
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`Page 1 of 27
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`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNGEXHIBIT 1001
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`GOOGLE AND SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1001
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`Page 2
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`(51)
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`(56)
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`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
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`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
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`Int. Ch
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`HO2J 7/04
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`CN
`HO4B 4/00
`10/2013
`103378658 A
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`EP
`9/2013
`2642628 Al
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`JP
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`8/1999
`11-224822 A
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`JP
`CPC we H02F 50/80 (2016.02); HO4B 5/0037
`2013-106490 A
`§/2013
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`JP
`(2013.01); H04B 3/0075 (2013.01)
`2013-198402 A
`8/2013
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`JP
`2013-223409 A
`9/2013
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`IP
`‘
`:
`2013-251974 A
`12/2013
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`JP
`2015-536123 A
`References Cited
`12/2015
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`KR
`—‘10-2011-0112921 A
`a
`10/2011
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`KR‘
`12/2012
`10-2012-0138832 A
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`Wo
`WO 2013/038808 Al
`3/2013
`10/2011 Kim et al.
`2011/0248571 Al
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`Wo
`WO 2013/074529 Al
`5/2013
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`5/2013 Irish
`2013/0128638 Al
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`wo WO 2013/179763 Al=12/2013
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`2013/0241304 Al
`9/2013 Bae
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`2013/0278071 Al
`10/2013. Komiyama
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`2013/0334893 Al
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`2014/0054971 Al
`2/2014 Kissin ctal.
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`2014/0078783 AL*
`3/2014 Huang .............. H02M 3/33576
`363/17
`2014/0226462 Al
`8/2014 Smith et al
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`2014/0241012 AL*
`8/2014 Lindberg-Poulsen ......cccceccees
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`HO2M3/33523
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`363/17
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`Kimet al., A study on the THD reduction of single phase 2 level
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`.
`:
`:
`:
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`inverter for grid connection for ship, Journal of the Korean Society
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`
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`of Marine Engineering, vol. 38, No. 1, 2014, pp. 64-69.
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`* cited by examiner
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jan. 29, 2019
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`Sheet 1 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`1024
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`102b
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`FIG,2
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`200
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`2025;
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`fnseeanssnesstencenautase r
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`Page 3 of 27
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`Page 3 of 27
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jan. 29, 2019
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`Sheet2 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG, 3
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`Page 4 of 27
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`Page 4 of 27
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jan. 29, 2019
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`Sheet 3 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`202b
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`FIG. 5
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`FIG. 6
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`120 130110
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sheet 4 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG. 7
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`Page 6 of 27
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG.8
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`100
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`Trai Clock
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`C22
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`FIG,13
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`Page 11 of 27
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG. 14A
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`FIG. 14B
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`Duty Cycle
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`50% "
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` 40%
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`FIG. 15A
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`FIG, 15B
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`Frequency(kHz)
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`Page 13 of 27
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`Sheet 12 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG. 16A
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`FIG. 16B
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`Page 14 of 27
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`FIG
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`.17
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`MAXIMUM HARMONIC MAGNITUDE
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`Page 15 of 27
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`U.S.Patent
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`Jan.29,2019
`Sheet13of14
`US10,193,392B2
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jan. 29, 2019
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`Sheet 14 of 14
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`FIG. 18
`SENSING
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`}-st00
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`CONTROL POWER CONVERTING PART
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`TRANSMIT POWER
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`Page 16 of 27
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`1
`WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER DEVICE
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`AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
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`SYSTEM
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`T.
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`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
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`APPLICATIONS
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`This application is the National Phase of PCT Interna-
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`tional Application No. PCT/KR2015/000163, filed on Jan.7,
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`2015, which claimspriority under 35 U.S.C. 119(a) to Patent
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`Application No 10-2014-0002327, filed in the Republic of
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`Korea on Jan. 8, 2014 and Patent Application No. 10-2014-
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`0009243, filed in the Republic of Korea on Jan. 24, 2014, all
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`of whichare herebyexpressly incorporated by reference into
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`the present application.
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`TECHNICAL FIELD
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`Embodimentsrelate to a wireless powertransfer technol-
`ogy.
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`BACKGROUND ART
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`a
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`2 °°
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`25
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`Wireless power transfer (WPT) systemis a technology of
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`transferring power through a space without any wire, which
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`maximizes ease of providing mobile equipment and digital
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`appliances with power.
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`The wireless power transfer system has advantages of
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`saving energy by a power usage control
`time,
`in real
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`overcoming a restriction of space needed for providing
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`power and reducing waste battcrics by recharging batterics.
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`The wireless powertransfer system is typically embodied
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`in a magnetic induction scheme or a magnetic resonance
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`scheme.
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`‘The magnetic induction scheme is a non-contact energy
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`transfer technique where current is applied to one of two
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`coils disposed closely each other and by means ofthe
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`magnetic flux generated accordingly electromotive force is
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`also applied to the other coil, which may use frequencies of
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`hundreds of kIIz.
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`The magnetic resonance scheme is a magnetic resonance
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`technique where electric field or magnetic field only is used
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`without using electromagnetic waves or current so that the
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`distance of power transfer is more than several meters,
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`which has a characteristic that band having tens of MHz ts
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`used.
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`However, there is a problemthat power loss occurs due to
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`the current lass at a receiving side.
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`a 2
`Additionally, in the wireless power transfer system, there 5
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`occurs 4 spurious wave, that is, a harmonic coming from a
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`power transmitter, and such a harmonic component may
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`cause an electromagnetic interference effect, thereby having
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`a harmful effect on a body.
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`The harmonic refers to a frequency higher than a com-
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`mercial frequency in terms of power, hundreds of Hz or
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`higher, for example, which has integer multiple frequency of
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`a fundamental.
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`The wireless power transfer system generates the har-
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`monic component near the multiple frequencyof the receiv-
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`ing frequency due to a non-linear characteristic of the
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`receiver load, basically. That is, the AC signal provided from
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`the receiver does not remain as its waveform butis distorted
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`due to the non-linear load, forming a harmonic.
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`The harmonic component disturbs normal operations of
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`surrounding equipment or causes undesired power recep-
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`tion, noise and various obstacles.
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`&3
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`a5S
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`65
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`2
`In more detail, changes of magnetic field emitting from
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`the powertransmitter generate current caused by electro-
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`magnetic induction phenomenon in a conductorofa station-
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`ary surrounding equipment, capable of causing abnormal
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`operations. Also, magnetic field generated in the power
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`transmitter causes current in a mobile equipment when the
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`mobile equipment moves around the magnetic field, capable
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`of causing obstacles. Also, when the power transmitter has
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`a resonance condition similar to that of the surrounding
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`equipment that does not want to receive power, there may
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`occur a magnetic resonance coupling, capable of causing
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`erroneous operations in the surrounding equipment.
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`Since the harmonic component may cause harmful effect
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`on an electronic equipment and a body as described above,
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`il is important to meet regulations for an electromagnetic
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`interference
`compatibility (EMC),
`electromagnetic
`an
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`(EMI) and an electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS).
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`FIG. 1 is a block diagram ofa transmitter for transmitting
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`powerin a conventional wireless powertransfer system.
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`Referring to FIG. 1, the transmitter 1 may include a gate
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`driver 2, a power converter 3 of a half bridge type, a
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`matching circuit 4, and a transmission coil 5.
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`A half bridge circuit of the power converter 3 in the art has
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`two switches that are complementarily turned on and turned
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`off when proper voltage waveforms are applied to gage
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`driving inputs, respectively.
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`At this time, a square wave voltage generates which is
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`used to switch between a common nodeof the two switches
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`and the ground.
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`Since the output not of a sine wave but of the square wave
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`has a problem that it has many of harmonic components that
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`are integer multiple frequency of a fundamental wave,it is
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`limited to reduce the harmonic using the power converter 3
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`in theart.
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`INVENTION
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`Technical Problem
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`An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
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`wireless powertransfer device that 1s capable of minimizing
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`current wasted or consumed and enhancing a wireless power
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`transfer efficiency.
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`Another embodimentofthe present disclosure provides a
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`wireless power transfer system that includes the wireless
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`powertransfer device.
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`Yet another embodiment of the present disclosure pro-
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`vides a wireless powertransfer device and a wireless power
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`transfer system including the samethat solve obstacles such
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`as powerreception and noise due to harmonic components
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`included in an output signal of a power conversion part of a
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`transmitter for transmitting power.
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`Stull yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
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`provides a wireless power transfer device and a wireless
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`powertransfer system including the same that approximates
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`an output waveform of the power conversionpart to a sign
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`wave using the power conversion part including a full bridge
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`inverter, improving a harmonic distortionratio.
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`Still yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
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`provides a wireless power transfer device and a wireless
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`powertransfer system including the same that feedback an
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`output signal outputted from a power conversion part to
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`measure a distribution of harmonic elements of the output
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`signal and to provide a duty ratio that is capable of mini-
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`mizing the harmonic components.
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`Technical Solution
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`In accordance with an embodimentofthe present disclo-
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`sure, there is provided a transmitter for generating a wireless
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`Page 17 of 27
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`Page 17 of 27
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`4
`3
`In the transmitter according to an embodiment of the
`powerto be transmitted to a receiver, the transmitter com-
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`present disclosure, there is provided a transmitter for pen-
`prising a power conversion part comprising a full bridge
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`erating a wireless powerto be transmitted to a receiver, the
`inverter, and a control part for controlling the power con-
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`transmitter comprising a control part for generatingfirst to
`version part using a pulse width modulation (PWM)control
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`fourth AC power control signals: and a power conversion
`signal, wherein a duty ratio of the PWM control signal is
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`part for generating an AC powerincluding a positive polar-
`determined by a duty ratio in which a ratio of the magnitude
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`ity electrode voltage and a negative polarity electrode volt-
`ofan harmonic to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency
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`age in response to the first
`to fourth AC power control
`among frequency components of an output signal of the
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`signals, wherein the power conversion part generates the
`power conversion part is a minimum.
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`positive polarity electrode voltage in responseto thefirst and
`In the transmitter according to another embodimentofthe
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`fourth AC powercontrol signals, and the negative polarity
`present disclosure, the harmonic may have the maximum
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`electrode voltage in response to the second and third AC
`magnitude ofa plurality of harmonic components that have
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`powercontrol signals.
`frequencies of the output signal different with one another.
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`In the transmitter according to another embodimentof the
`In the transmitter according to another embodimentof the
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`present disclosure, a duty ratio of the positive polarity
`present disclosure, the duty ratio may be 26% to 44%.
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`electrode voltage may be determinedbya falling time of the
`In the transmitter according to another embodimentof the
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`fourth AC power control signal,
`present disclosure, the duty ratio may be 41% or 32%.
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`wherein a duty ratio of the negative polarity electrode
`In the transmitter according to another embodimentofthe
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`voltage may be determined by a falling time of the third AC
`present disclosure, the transmitter may further include a
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`powercontrol signal.
`rectifying and filtering part configured to receive an input
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`In the transmitter according to another embodiment ofthe
`AC powerandto generate a DC voltage; a DC/DC converter
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`for regulating a level of the DC voltage outputted from the
`present disclosure, the duty ratio may be regulated depend-
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`rectifying and filtering part to be outputted to the power
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`ing on a powerreceiving status ofthe receiver.
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`conversion part; and a matching part for performing an
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`In the transmitter according to another embodiment ofthe
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`impedance matching between the transmitter and the
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`present disclosure, the falling time of the fourth AC power
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`receiver, wherein the control part controls a DC voltagelevel
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`control signal may be aheadofthefalling timeof the first AC
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`of the DC/DC converter.
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`powercontrol signal.
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`In the transmitter according to an embodiment of the
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`In the transmitter according to another embodiment ofthe
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`present disclosure, there is provided a method for driving a
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`present disclosure, the falling time of the third AC power
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`wireless power transfer system that includes a transmitter
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`control signal may be aheadofthefalling time of the second
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`having a power conversion part to convert power applicd
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`AC power control signal.
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`from an external power supply and a receiver to receive
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`Inthe transmitter according to another embodiment of the
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`power from the transmitter, the method comprising
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`present disclosure, the maximum AC power is generated
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`allowing, when the receiver approaches a charging region
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`when the duty ratio may be 50%, the magnitude of the AC
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`of the transmitter, one of the transmitter and the receiver to
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`power maybe reduced whenthe duty ratio is decreased.
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`sense the other one; allowing the receiver to request the
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`In the transmitter according, to another embodiment of the
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`transmitter to transfer power allowing a control part ofthe
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`present disclosure, the power conversion part mayinclude
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`transmitter to regulate a DC voltage level of the DC/DC
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`first the second and_thirdto fourth switching elements,
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`40
`converter depending on the amount of power requested by
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`switching elements may be turned off inatimeinterval when
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`the first and fourth switching elements are turned on,and the
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`power conversion part depending on a duty ratio of a
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`first and fourth switching elements may be tumed off in a
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`predetermined PWM control signal, wherein the duty ratio
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`are turned on.
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`which a ratio of the magnitude of an harmonic to the
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`magnitude of a fundamental frequency among frequency
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`is a minimum.
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`a 2
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`magnitude of a plurality of harmonic components that have
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`frequencies of the output signal different with one another.
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`In the transmitter according to another embodimentof the
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`present disclosure, the power conversion parl may include a
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`full bridge inverter that receives a DC voltage from a
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`DC/DC converter to output an AC signal.
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`In the transmitter according to another embodiment ofthe
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`present disclosure, the duty ratio may be 26% to 44%.
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`In the transmitter according to another embodiment ofthe
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`present disclosure, the duty ratio may be 41% or 32%.
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`In the transmitter according to another embodimentofthe
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`present disclosure, the control part maybe fed back with an
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`output signal outputted from the power conversion part and
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`provides the power conversion part with a PWM control
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`signal having a duty ratio in which a ratio of the magnitude
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`of an harmonic to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency
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`of the output signal is a minimum.
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`a
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`ie)°°
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`w °o
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`Page 18 of 27
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`Advantageous Fffects
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`An embodiment of the present disclosure may change an
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`AC powercontral signal ta control an AC power generator
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`depending on a receiving, status of a receiver, and control a
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`duty ratio of an AC voltage of an AC poweroutputted from
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`an AC powergenerator in responseto the change of the AC
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`power control signal
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`the magnitude of the AC
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`power,
`thereby blocking an occurrence of current loss to
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`prevent power from being wasted.
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`An embodiment of the present disclosure may solve
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`obstacles such as powerreception and noise due to harmonic
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`components included in an output signal of a power con-
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`version part of a transmission part for transmitting power,
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`improve a harmonic distortion ratio by approximating an
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`output waveform of the power conversion part to a sign
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`wave using the power conversion part including a full bridge
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`inverter as the embodiment, and provide a duty ratio that
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`may measure a distribution of harmonic components of the
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`output signal and minimize the harmonic components by
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`feedbacking an output signal outputted from a power con-
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`version part.
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`Page 18 of 27
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`US 10,193,392 B2
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`5
`Meanwhile, a variety of other effects will be directly or
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`suggestively disclosed in the detailed description according,
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`to embodiments described below.
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`DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
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`a
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`w °o
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`40
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`6
`batteries, such as mobile terminal industry, home appliance
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`industry, electric automobile industry, medical device indus-
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`try and robot industry.
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`Embodiments may consider a system that is capable of
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`transferring power to a number of equipment using one
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`transmission coil that provides an equipment.
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`Terms and abbreviations used in the embodiments are as
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`FIG. 1 is a block diagram ofa transmitter for transmitting
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`follows.
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`power in a conventional wireless power transfor system.
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`Wireless Power Transfer System: a system providing, a
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`PIG. 2 is a viewillustrating a wireless power transfer
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`wireless power transfer in a magnetic field region
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`system according to an embodiment.
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`Wireless Power Transfer System-Charger: a device pro-
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`FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a transfer
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`viding a wireless powertransfer in a magnetic field region
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`induction coil according to an embodiment.
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`Wireless Power Transfer System-Device: a device to
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`FIG.4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power source
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`which a wireless powertransfer is provided from a power
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`and a wireless transfer device according to an embodiment.
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`transmitter in a magnetic field area
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`FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a receiver
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`Charging Area: a region wherea practical wireless power
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`according to an embodiment.
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`transfer is performed in a magnetic field area, which may be
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`FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter of a
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`changed depending on size, required power and operating
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`wireless powertransfer system according to an embodiment
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`frequency of an application product
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`2 °°
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`of the present disclosure, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram ,
`FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a wireless power transfer
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`illustrating a receiver of a wireless power transfer system
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`system according to an embodiment.
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`according to an embodimentof the present disclosure.
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`Referring to FIG. 1, a wireless powertransfer system 10
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`FIG.8 is a viewillustrating a light device according to an
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`according to an embodiment may include a power source
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`embodiment.
`300, a transmitting part 100 which is a wireless power
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`FIGS. 9 and 10 are views illustrating operations of a
`transfer device, a receiving part 200 which is a wireless
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`powerreceiving device, and a load 240.
`power conversionpart, and FIG. 11 is a waveform view of
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`In the embodiment,
`the power source 300 may be
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`an output signal of a power conversion part according to an
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`includedin the transmitter 100, which is not limited thereto.
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`AC powercontrol signal.
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`The transmitting part 100 may include a transmitting induc-
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`FIGS. 12 and 13 are views illustrating waveform dia-
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`tion coil 102a@ and a transmitting resonance coil 1028.
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`gramsto control a duty ratio of an AC voltage by controlling
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`a blank interval.
`Thereceiving part 200 mayinclude a receiving resonance
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`coil 2024, a receiving induction coil 202a@ and a rectifying
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`FIGS. 14A, 14B, 15A, 15B, 16A and 16B are views
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`part 220. Both ends of the power source 300 may be
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`illustrating the magnitude of a fundamental waveofasignal
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`connected to both ends of the transmitting induction coil
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`outputted as a result of sumulating an output waveform when
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`102a, respectively. ‘he transmitting resonance coil 1026
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`changing a duty ratio of a full bridge of a power converter
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`may be disposed apart from the transmitting induction coil
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`and the magnitude of a harmonic that is multiple compo-
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`102a in a predetermined distance. The receiving resonance
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`nents of a fundamental wave.
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`coil 2024 may be disposed apart from the receiving induc-
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`FIG. 17 is a view illustrating a simulation result of the
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`tion coil 202a in a predetermineddistance. Both ends of the
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`maximum harmonic distortion ratio when changing a duty
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`receiving induction coil 202a@ may be connected to both ends
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`ratio.
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`of the rectifying part 220, respectively. The load 240 may be
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`FIG. 18 is a signal flow chart illustrating operations of a
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`connected to both ends of the rectifying part 220. In the
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`wireless powertransfer system according to an embodiment
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`embodiment, the load 240 may be included inthe receiving
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`unit 200.
`of the present disclosure.
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`The power generated in the power source 300 may be
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`transferred to the transmitting part 100, and the power
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`transferred to the transmitting part 100 may betransferred to
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`the receiving, part 200 that is resonated with the transmitting
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`part 100 by a resonance phenomenon,that is, has the same
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`resonance frequency as the transmitting part 100.
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`Hereinafler, a power transmission procedure may be
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