`
`
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`_________________
`
`
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`_________________
`
`
`
`APPLE INC.,
`Petitioner
`
`
`v.
`
`
`
` CPC Patent Technologies PTY, LTD.,
`Patent Owner
`_________________
`
`
`
`Inter Partes Review Case No. IPR2022-00602
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`
`
`
`DECLARATION OF DR. ANDREW SEARS
`
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 10
`A. MATERIALS CONSIDERED ........................................................................ 14
`II. LEGAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................................... 16
`A. ANALOGOUS ART ................................................................................... 17
`B. OBVIOUSNESS ......................................................................................... 17
`C.
`SECONDARY CONSIDERATIONS OF NON-OBVIOUSNESS ............................ 23
`III. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................... 24
`A. NON-CONSTRUED CLAIM TERMS............................................................. 24
`B.
`CONSTRUED CLAIM TERMS ..................................................................... 24
`IV. BACKGROUND OF TECHNOLOGY ................................................... 27
`A.
`BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEMS ................................................................. 27
`B. HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF A BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEM .................. 36
`C.
`SECURE ACCESS SIGNAL ......................................................................... 40
`D.
`INPUTTING A SERIES OF ENTRIES FOR INVOKING FUNCTIONS IN A
`BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEM ................................................................... 43
`PROVIDING DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACCESS ............................................... 47
`E.
`V. OPINIONS REGARDING THE ’705 PATENT AND PRIOR
`ART ........................................................................................................... 54
`A. DESCRIPTION OF THE ALLEGED INVENTION OF THE ’705 PATENT ............. 55
`B. OPINIONS REGARDING MATHIASSEN ......................................................... 59
`C. OPINIONS REGARDING MCKEETH ............................................................ 65
`D. OPINIONS REGARDING ANDERSON ........................................................... 68
`E.
`BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE OPINIONS ON THE ’705 PATENT ........................ 73
`VI. OVERVIEW OF MATHIASSEN’S ARCHITECTURE ......................... 76
`VII. GROUND 1: OPINIONS REGARDING THE COMBINATION
`OF MATHIASSEN, MCKEETH, AND ANDERSON .............................. 79
`
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`A.
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`1.
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`2.
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`5.
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`3.
`4.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`CLAIM 1 ................................................................................................. 79
`Claim 1(Pre): “A system for providing secure access to a
`controlled item, the system comprising:” .......................................... 79
`Claim 1(a): “a memory comprising a database of biometric
`signatures;” ...................................................................................... 84
`Claim 1(b): “a transmitter sub-system comprising:” ........................ 88
`Claim 1(b1): “a biometric sensor configured to receive a
`biometric signal;” ............................................................................. 91
`Claim 1(b2): “a transmitter sub-system controller configured to
`match the biometric signal against members of the database of
`biometric signatures to thereby output an accessibility
`attribute;” ......................................................................................... 92
`Claim 1(b3): “a transmitter configured to emit a secure access
`signal conveying information dependent upon said accessibility
`attribute” ........................................................................................ 118
`Claim 1(c)-1(c1) ............................................................................. 127
`Claim 1(c): “a receiver sub-system comprising: a receiver sub-
`system controller configured to” ........................................... 127
`Claim 1(c1): “receive the transmitted secure access signal” .......... 127
`Claim 1(c2): “provide conditional access to the controlled item
`dependent upon said information” .................................................. 133
`Claim 1(d): “wherein the transmitter sub-system controller is
`further configured to” ..................................................................... 135
`10. Claim 1(d1): “receive a series of entries of the biometric
`signal, said series being characterized according to at least one
`of the number of said entries and a duration of each said entry” .... 135
`11. Claim 1(d2): “map said series into an instruction” ........................ 156
`12. Claim 1(d3): “populate the database according to the
`instruction”..................................................................................... 160
`13. Claim 1(e): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device” ................................................ 173
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`6.
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`7.
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`8.
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`9.
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`B.
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`C.
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`D.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`CLAIM 4 ............................................................................................... 174
`CLAIM 4: “THE SYSTEM ACCORDING TO CLAIM 1, WHEREIN THE
`BIOMETRIC SENSOR IS RESPONSIVE TO ONE OF VOICE, RETINAL
`PATTERN, IRIS PATTERN, FACE PATTERN, AND PALM
`CONFIGURATION, AND/OR THE DATABASE OF BIOMETRIC
`SIGNATURES IS LOCATED IN AT LEAST ONE OF THE
`TRANSMITTER SUB-SYSTEM AND THE RECEIVER SUB-SYSTEM.”..... 174
`CLAIM 6 ............................................................................................... 175
`Claim 6(a): “The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the
`biometric sensor is further configured to authenticate the
`identity of a user;” .......................................................................... 175
`Claim 6(b): “wherein the transmitter is further configured to
`transmit information capable of granting access to the
`controlled item using a secure wireless signal dependent upon a
`request from the user and the authentication of the user
`identity;” ........................................................................................ 176
`Claim 6(c): “the system further comprising a control panel
`configured to receive the information and provide the secure
`access requested.” .......................................................................... 178
`CLAIM 10 ............................................................................................. 180
`Claim 10(Pre): “A transmitter sub-system for operating a
`system for providing secure access to a controlled item,
`wherein the transmitter sub-system comprises:” ............................. 180
`Claim 10(a): “a biometric sensor configured to receiving a
`biometric signal;” ........................................................................... 180
`Claim 10(b): “a controller configured to match the biometric
`signal against members of a database of biometric signatures to
`thereby output an accessibility attribute;” ...................................... 181
`Claim 10(c): a transmitter configured to emit a secure access
`signal conveying information dependent upon said accessibility
`attribute;” ....................................................................................... 181
`Claim 10(d): “wherein the controller is further configured to:” ..... 181
`Claim 10(d1): “receive a series of entries of the biometric
`signal, said series being characterized according to at least one
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`3.
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`1.
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`2.
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`4.
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`5.
`6.
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`9.
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`E.
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`7.
`8.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`of the number of said entries and a duration of each said
`entry;” ............................................................................................ 181
`Claim 10(d2): “map said series into an instruction;” ..................... 181
`Claim 10(d3): “populate the database according to the
`instruction,”.................................................................................... 181
`Claim 10(e): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device.” ............................................... 181
`CLAIM 11 ............................................................................................. 181
`Claim 11(Pre1): “A method for providing secure access to a
`controlled item in a system comprising” ......................................... 182
`Claim 11(Pre2): “a database of biometric signatures;” ................. 182
`Claim 11(Pre3): “a transmitter sub-system comprising a
`biometric sensor configured to receive a biometric signal, and
`a transmitter configured to emit a secure access signal capable
`of granting access to the controlled item;” ..................................... 182
`Claim 11(Pre4): “a receiver sub-system comprising a receiver
`sub-system controller configured to receive the transmitted
`secure access signal, and provide conditional access to the
`controlled item dependent upon information in said secure
`access signal,” ................................................................................ 189
`Claim 11(a): “the method comprising: populating the database
`of biometric signatures by:” ........................................................... 191
`Claim 11(a1)-(a2) “receiving a series of entries of the
`biometric signal;” and “determining at least one of the number
`of said entries and a duration of each said entry ............................. 191
`Claim 11(a3): “mapping said series into an instruction;” .............. 191
`Claim 11(a4): “populating the database according to the
`instruction;” ................................................................................... 191
`Claim 11(b): “receiving the biometric signal;” .............................. 192
`9.
`10. Claim 11(c): “matching the biometric signal against members
`of the database of biometric signatures to thereby output an
`accessibility attribute;” .................................................................. 192
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`F.
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`G.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`11. Claim 11(d): “emitting a secure access signal conveying
`information dependent upon said accessibility attribute;” .............. 192
`12. Claim 11(e): “providing conditional access to the controlled
`item dependent upon said information;” ......................................... 192
`13. Claim 11(f): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device;”............................................... 192
`CLAIM 12 ............................................................................................. 193
`CLAIM 12: “THE METHOD ACCORDING TO CLAIM 10, WHEREIN
`POPULATING THE DATABASE OF BIOMETRIC SIGNATURES
`FURTHER COMPRISES ENROLLING A BIOMETRIC SIGNATURE
`INTO THE DATABASE OF BIOMETRIC SIGNATURES, AND
`WHEREIN ENROLLING THE BIOMETRIC SIGNATURE INTO THE
`DATABASE COMPRISES: RECEIVING A BIOMETRIC SIGNAL; AND
`ENROLLING THE BIOMETRIC SIGNAL AS AN ADMINISTRATOR
`SIGNATURE IN RESPONSE TO THE DATABASE OF BIOMETRIC
`SIGNATURES BEING EMPTY.” ........................................................ 193
`CLAIM 14 ............................................................................................. 194
`Claim 14(pre): “a non-transitory computer readable storage
`medium storing a computer program comprising instructions,
`which when executed by processors causes the processors to:” ...... 194
`Claim 14(a): “receive a series of entries of the biometric
`signal;” ........................................................................................... 197
`Claim 14(b): “determine at least one of the number of said
`entries and a duration of each said entry;” ..................................... 197
`Claim 14(c): “map said series into an instruction;” ....................... 198
`Claim 14(d): “populate the database of biometric signatures
`according to the instruction;” ......................................................... 198
`Claim 14(e): “receive the biometric signal;” .................................. 198
`Claim 14(f): “match the biometric signal against members of
`the database of biometric signatures to thereby output an
`accessibility attribute;” .................................................................. 198
`
`1.
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
`5.
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`6.
`7.
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`8.
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`9.
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`1.
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`2.
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`H.
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`3.
`4.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`Claim 14(g): “emit a secure access signal conveying
`information dependent upon said accessibility attribute;” .............. 198
`Claim 14(h): “provide conditional access to a controlled item
`dependent upon said information;”................................................. 198
`10. Claim 14(i): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device.” ............................................... 199
`CLAIM 15 ............................................................................................. 199
`Claim 15(pre): “a system for providing secure access to a
`controlled item, the system comprising:” ........................................ 199
`Claim 15(a): “a memory comprising a database of biometric
`signatures;” .................................................................................... 199
`Claim 15(b): “a transmitter sub-system comprising:” .................... 199
`Claim 15(b1): “a biometric sensor capable of receiving a
`biometric signal;” ........................................................................... 199
`Claim 15(b2): “a transmitter sub-system controller capable of
`matching the biometric signal against members of the database
`of biometric signatures to thereby output an accessibility
`attribute;” ....................................................................................... 199
`Claim 15(b3): “a transmitter capable of emitting a secure
`access signal conveying information dependent upon said
`accessibility attribute;” .................................................................. 199
`Claim 15(c): “a receiver sub-system comprising: a receiver
`sub-system controller capable of:” ................................................. 199
`Claim 15(c1): “receiving the transmitted secure access
`signal;” ........................................................................................... 200
`Claim 15(c2): “providing conditional access to the controlled
`item dependent upon said information;” ......................................... 200
`10. Claim 15(d): “Wherein the transmitter sub-system controller is
`further capable of:” ........................................................................ 200
`11. Claim 15(d1): “receiving a series of entries of the biometric
`signal, said series being characterized according to at least one
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`5.
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`6.
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`7.
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`8.
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`9.
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`1.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`of the number of said entries and a duration of each said
`entry;” ............................................................................................ 200
`12. Claim 15(d2): “mapping said series into an instruction;” .............. 200
`13. Claim 15(d3): “populating the database according to the
`instruction;” ................................................................................... 200
`14. Claim 15(e): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device.” ............................................... 200
`CLAIM 16 ............................................................................................. 201
`Claim 16(Pre): “A transmitter sub-system for operating a
`system for providing secure access to a controlled item,
`wherein the transmitter sub-system comprises:” ............................. 201
`Claim 16(a): “A biometric sensor capable of receiving a
`biometric signal;” ........................................................................... 201
`Claim 16(b): “A controller capable of matching the biometric
`signal against members of a database of biometric signatures to
`thereby output an accessibility attribute;” ...................................... 201
`Claim 16(c): “a transmitter capable of emitting a secure access
`signal conveying said information dependent upon said
`accessibility attribute;” .................................................................. 201
`Claim 16(d): “wherein the controller is further capable of:” ......... 201
`Claim 16(d1): “receiving a series of entries of the biometric
`signal, said series being characterized according to at least one
`of the number of said entries and a duration of each said
`entry;” ............................................................................................ 201
`Claim 16(d2): “mapping said series into an instruction;” .............. 201
`Claim 16(d3): “populating the database according to the
`instruction;” ................................................................................... 202
`Claim 16(e): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device.” ............................................... 202
`CLAIM 17 ............................................................................................. 202
`
`4.
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`5.
`6.
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`7.
`8.
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`9.
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`I.
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`J.
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`1.
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`4.
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`5.
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`2.
`3.
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`Claim 17(Pre1): “A method for providing secure access to a
`controlled item in a system comprising” ......................................... 202
`Claim 17(Pre2): “a database of biometric signatures,” ................. 202
`Claim 17(Pre3): “a transmitter sub-system comprising a
`biometric sensor capable of receiving a biometric signal, and a
`transmitter capable of emitting a secure access signal capable
`of granting access to the controlled item;” ..................................... 202
`Claim 17(Pre4): “a receiver sub-system comprising a receiver
`sub-system controller capable of receiving the transmitted
`secure access signal, and providing conditional access to the
`controlled item dependent upon information in said secure
`access signal,” ................................................................................ 202
`Claim 17(a): “the method comprising: populating the database
`of biometric signatures by:” ........................................................... 202
`Claim 17(a1): “receiving a series of entries of the biometric
`signal;” ........................................................................................... 203
`Claim 17(a2): “determining at least one of the number of said
`entries and a duration of each said entry;” ..................................... 203
`Claim 17(a3): “mapping said series into an instruction;” .............. 203
`Claim 17(a4): “populating the database according to the
`instruction;” ................................................................................... 203
`10. Claim 17(b): “receiving the biometric signal;” .............................. 203
`11. Claim 17(c): “matching the biometric signal against members
`of the database of biometric signatures to thereby output an
`accessibility attribute;” .................................................................. 203
`12. Claim 17(d): “emitting a secure access signal conveying
`information dependent upon said accessibility attribute;” .............. 203
`13. Claim 17(e): “providing conditional access to the controlled
`item dependent upon said information;” ......................................... 203
`14. Claim 17(f): “wherein the controlled item is one of: a locking
`mechanism of a physical access structure or an electronic lock
`on an electronic computing device;”............................................... 203
`VIII. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................... 205
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`

`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`I, Andrew Sears, PhD, hereby declare the following:
`INTRODUCTION
`1. My name is Andrew Sears, and I am over 21 years of age and otherwise
`
`I.
`
`competent to make this Declaration. I make this Declaration based on facts and
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`matters within my own knowledge and on information provided to me by others,
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`and, if called as a witness, I could and would competently testify to the matters set
`
`forth herein.
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`2.
`
`I have been retained as a technical expert witness in this matter by
`
`Counsel for the Petitioner, Apple Inc. (“Petitioner”) to provide my independent
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`opinions on certain issues requested by Counsel for Petitioner relating to the
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`accompanying Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705 (“the
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`’705 Patent”). I am being compensated at an hourly rate of $750.00. My
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`compensation in this matter is not based on the substance of my opinions or on the
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`outcome of this matter. I have been informed that CPC Patent Technologies PTY,
`
`LTD. is the purported owner of the ’705 Patent. I note that I have no financial interest
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`in CPC Patent Technologies PTY, LTD. or Petitioner, and I have no other interest
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`in the outcome of this matter.
`
`3.
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`I have been informed by counsel that the claims being challenged in the
`
`accompanying Petition for the ’705 Patent is Claims 1, 4, 6, 10-12, and 14-17 (“the
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`Challenged Claims of the ’705 Patent).
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`I have summarized in this section my educational background, career
`
`4.
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`history, and other qualifications relevant to this matter. I have also included a current
`
`version of my curriculum vitae, attached as Appendix B.
`
`5.
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`I am currently a Professor and Dean of the College of Information
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`Sciences and Technology at The Pennsylvania State University (“Penn State”).
`
`6.
`
`I received a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from the
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`Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in May of 1988. I received my Ph.D. in Computer
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`Science from University of Maryland-College Park in May of 1993. My dissertation
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`focused on human-computer interaction.
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`7.
`
`From July 1993 to June 1999, I was employed by DePaul University as
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`an Assistant Professor for the School of Computer Science, Telecommunications
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`and Information Systems. In July 1999, I joined the University of Maryland,
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`Baltimore County (UMBC) as an Associate Professor in the Information Systems
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`Department where I was subsequently promoted to Professor in 2003. I served as the
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`Chair for the Information Systems Department (2002-2011). From August 2008 to
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`July 2011, I served as the Constellation Professor of Information Technology and
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`Engineering.
`
`8.
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`In August of 2011, I joined the Rochester Institute of Technology as
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`Professor and Dean of the B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and
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`Information Sciences. In July of 2015, I joined Penn State as Professor and Dean of
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`the College of Information Sciences and Technology, and I continue to serve in this
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`position. From September 2015 to December 2017, I also served as the Interim Chief
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`Information Security Officer at Penn State.
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`9. My research has explored a variety of topics related to human-centered
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`computing. My research projects have addressed topics related to interacting with
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`touchscreen technologies, interacting with mobile computing devices, evaluating
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`user
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`interfaces, health
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`information
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`technologies, speech recognition-based
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`interactions, and accessibility for individuals with a variety of disabilities. My
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`research projects have been supported by a variety of government agencies (e.g., the
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`National Science Foundation, the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation
`
`Research, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and NASA),
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`companies (e.g., IBM, Intel, Microsoft, and Motorola), and non-profit organizations
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`(e.g., the Verizon Foundation).
`
`10. Beginning in 2006, I served as founding Editor-in-Chief of the
`
`Association for Computing Machinery’s (ACM) Transactions on Accessible
`
`Computing, and I served in this capacity until 2013. From 2013 to 2018, I served as
`
`a Member of the Editorial Board for ACM’s Transactions on Accessible Computing.
`
`From 2008 to 2020, I served as a Member of the Editorial Board for the International
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`Journal of Human-Computer Studies. From 2011 to 2021, I served as an Associate
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`Editor for ACM’s Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction.
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`11. From 2013 to 2019, I served as a Member of the Board of Directors for
`
`the Computing Research Association. I have also served as a member of the
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`Accessibility Committee of the ACM U.S. Public Policy Council, as well as a
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`member of the ACM Council, the ACM Special Interest Group Governing Board,
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`and in various capacities with the ACM Special Interest Group for Accessible
`
`Computing. I have chaired or co-chaired various conferences including the premier
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`conferences on human computer interaction and accessibility in the context of
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`computing technologies. I have served on a numerous program and organizing
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`committees for other conferences in this field.
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`12.
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`I have served as editor on multiple scholarly books. In particular, I was
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`an editor for the first and second editions of “The Human-Computer Interaction
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`Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies and Emerging Applications,”
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`published in 2003 and 2008 respectively. I am also author or co-author on more than
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`a dozen book chapters and more than 100 journal articles and conference/workshop
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`papers.
`
`13.
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`I am being compensated for my time spent in connection with this case.
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`I have no financial interest in the outcome of this case. The opinions provided in this
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`report are my own and my compensation does not depend in any way on the
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`substance of my opinions.
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`14. Based on my experiences described above, and as indicated in my
`
`Curriculum Vitae, I am qualified to provide the following opinions with respect to
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`the patents in this case. Additionally, I was at least a person having ordinary skill in
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`the art as of the priority date of the ’705 Patent.
`
`A. Materials Considered
`15. As part of my work and in forming my opinions in connection with this
`
`proceeding, I have reviewed the following materials. For any prior art listed below,
`
`it is my opinion persons of ordinary skill in my field would reasonably rely upon
`
`such prior art in forming opinions regarding the subject matter of this proceeding:
`
`• Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705 (the
`“Petition”);
`• U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705 (“the ’705 Patent”) (Ex. 1001);
`• File History for U.S. Patent 9,665,705 (Ex. 1002);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0123113 to Mathiassen et
`al. (“Mathiassen”) (Ex. 1004);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,766,456 to McKeeth (“McKeeth”) (Ex. 1005);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,509,847 to Anderson (“Anderson”) (Ex. 1006);
`• Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, Merriam Webster, copyright 1981
`(Ex. 1009);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,612,928 to Bradford et al. (“Bradford”) (Ex. 1010);
`• Biometric Identification, Anil Jain, Lin Hong, and Sharath Pankanti,
`Communication of the ACM, February 2000, vol. 43, No. 2 (Ex. 1011);
`• Advances in Fingerprint Technology, Second Edition, Henry C. Lee and
`R.E. Gaensslen, CRC Press, copyright 2001 (Ex. 1012);
`• An Introduction to Evaluating Biometric Systems, P. Jonathan Phillips et
`al., National Institute of Standards and Technology, IEEE, copyright 2000
`(Ex. 1013);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0117261 to Gunsch
`(“Gunsch”) (Ex. 1014);
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0036825 (“Kim”) (Ex.
`1015);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,140,939 to Flick (“Flick”) (Ex. 1016);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,164,403 to Wuidart (“Wuidart”) (Ex. 1017);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,239,227 to Gupta et al. (“Gupta”) (Ex. 1018);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,877,097 to Hamid et al. (“Hamid”) (Ex. 1019);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2001/0049785 to Kawan
`(“Kawan”) (Ex. 1020);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0091937 to Ortiz (“Ortiz”)
`(Ex. 1021);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0046552 to Hamid (“Hamid
`’552”) (Ex. 1022);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0063154 to Hoyos et al.
`(“Hoyos”) (Ex. 1023);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,484,260 to Scott (“Scott”) (Ex. 1024);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,404,086 to Sands (“Sands”) (Ex. 1025);
`• A Rolling Code 4-Channel UHF Remote Control: What is “Code
`Hopping” or “Rolling Code”, Ross Tester, Silicon Chip.com.au, July
`2002 (Ex. 1026);
`• Bluetooth Revealed: The Insider’s Guide to an Open Specification for
`Global Wireless Communications, Brent A. Miller, Chatschik Bisdikian,
`2001 (Ex. 1027);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,284,266 to Morris et al. (“Morris”) (Ex. 1028);
`• Bricolage:
`Data
`Compression
`–
`Morse
`https://perl.plover.com/Huffman/huffman.html, 1998 (Ex. 1029);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,323,565 to Williams, Jr. et al. (“Williams”) (Ex. 1030);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,020,270 to Ghassabian (“Ghassabian”) (Ex. 1031);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0048260 to Matusis
`(“Matusis”) (Ex. 1032);
`• International Publication WO 02/27455 to Mathiassen (“Mathiassen
`’455”) (Ex. 1033);
`• European Patent Application No. 88301738.6 to Araki et al. (“Araki”) (Ex.
`1034);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,152,045 to Hoffman (“Hoffman”) (Ex. 1035);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,833,785 to Brown et al. (“Brown”) (Ex. 1036);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0015450 to Zingher et al.
`(“Zingher”) (Ex. 1037);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,498,970 to Colmenarez (“Colmenarez”) (Ex. 1038);
`
`Code,
`
`IPR2022-00602
`Apple EX1003 Page 15
`
`

`

`Declaration of Dr. Andrew Sears
`U.S. Patent No. 9,665,705
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,100,811 to Hsu et al. (“Hsu”) (Ex. 1039);
`• U.S. Patent No. 4,638,292 to Mochida (“Mochida”) (Ex. 1040);
`• K-9 Car Alarm Owner’s Guide and Installation Instructions, K-9 Mundlal,
`Omega Research and Development, 2000 (Ex. 1041);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,110,580 to Bostrom (“Bostrom”) (Ex. 1042);
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,336,174 to Maloney (“Maloney”) (Ex. 1043);
`• Microsoft Press Computer Dictionary, Second edition, JoAnne
`Woodcock, 1994 (Ex. 1044);
`• Microsoft Computer Dictionary, fifth edition, Microsoft Press, 2002 (Ex.
`1045);
`• OnStar Features, OnStar, June 19, 2000 (Ex. 1046);
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,420,975 to DeLine et al. (“DeLine”) (Ex. 1047);
`• PC Basics: Get a Great Start, Survive and Thrive, copyright 2002 (Ex.
`1049);
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0160692 to Nonaka et al.
`(“Nonaka”) (Ex. 1050);
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,307,048 to Sonders (“Sonders”) (Ex. 1051);
`• Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, tenth edition, copyright 1998
`(Ex. 1052);
`• The Application of Programmable DSPs in Mobile Communications:
`Biometric Systems applied to Mobile Communications, Alex Gatherer and
`Edgar Auslander, 2002 (Ex. 1053);
`• Dictionary of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 2003
`(Ex. 1054); and
`• U.S. Patent No. 6,970,970 to Jung et al. (“Jung”) (Ex. 1055).
`
`II. LEGAL FRAMEWORK
`16.
`I am a technical expert and do not offer any legal opinions. However, I
`
`have been informed about certain legal principles regarding patentability and related
`
`matters under United States patent law, which I ha