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`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 2 of 20
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`specifications, manufacturers of beacon transmitting devices, application developers, and beacon
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`allegedly “conform to and implement the iBeacon protocol.” Jd. ¥ 36.
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`Apple is a California corporation, employing more than 35,000 people who work in or
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`around its headquarters in Cupertino. See ECF No. 26-1 (the “Rollins Affidavit”)
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`BillJCo is Texas limited liability corporation headquartered in Flower Mound, Texas, and
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`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 6 of 20
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`the accused features took place, and continues to take place, at Apple’s Cupertino headquarters,
`
`with only a handful of team members located in other states.” Jd. at 7. And Apple’s licensing
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`documents and “documents concerning the marketing, sales and financial information for the
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`of transfer. See Volkswagen IT, 545 F.3d at 316 (focusing on relative ease of access to sources of
`
`In support ofthese contentions, Apple cites to the Rollins Affidavit, in which Mark Rollins,
`
`a Finance Manager with Apple, attests that “working files and electronic documents concerning
`
`the accused features reside on local computers and/or servers either located in or around NDCA
`
`or which are accessible in NDCA.” ECF No. 26-1 47. The imprecision of this representation
`
`encompasses a scenario in which Apple’s documents are not located in the NDCAatall, but are
`
`merely accessible there. Moreover, none of the Apple personnel BillJCo deposed testified that
`
`these documents are not also accessible from Texas. See, e.g., ECF No. 37-1 at 26:16—-19. They
`
`did, however, testify that it is more difficult to access documents in Texas comparedto California,
`
`primarily due to slow internet or latency issues. Jd. at 26:6—-15; ECF No. 37-2 at 6-19; ECF No.
`
`37-3 at 25:2-26:16. One Apple employee further testified that he worked with hard copy
`
`documents in California. Jd. at 26:20—24. Yet another testified that Apple does not “tend to use
`
`hard copy documents very often.” ECF No. 37-3 at 25. And Apple’s interrogatory responsesfailed
`
`to identify any relevant, physical evidence in Cupertino. See ECF No.33-3 at 8.
`
`In view of these representations, the Court is not convinced that there is much physical
`
`evidence, if any, located in the NDCA.This witness testimony shows, however,that it is easier to
`
`access Apple’s electronic documents from the NDCAthan from this District. This weighs in favor
`
`proof); In re Dish, 2021 U.S. App. LEXIS 31759, at *6 (same). Yet Apple’s witnesses’ testimony
`
`only establishes that the difference in accessibility between the WDTX and the NDCAis a degree
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 7 of 20
`
`of lag. Apple has not shown that this is more than a minor inconvenience (or that lag affects
`
`documents accessed from Apple’s Austin campus), so the weight accorded to Apple’s electronic
`
`documents is diminished. On the other hand, the Court recognizes that, because most relevant
`
`evidence emanates from the defendant, the weight accorded to Apple’s electronic documents
`
`exceeds that owed to BillJCo’s evidence in Flower Mound(the extent of which BillJCo has not
`
`opined upon).
`
`Apple further alleges that the relevant source code is maintained in the NDCA,“controlled
`
`on a need-to-knowbasis,”and is available for inspection in the NDCA. ECF No.26 at 7; ECF No.
`
`37 at 1. This, Apple contends, favors transfer. ECF No. 26 at 7. The Court accordsthislittle weight.
`
`Apple personne!testified that[iii
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`PO To the extent Apple demandsthat source code inspection occur
`
`exclusively in the NDCA,it is unclear why the convenience analysis should consider that. Such
`
`confidentiality restrictions affect only BillJCo’s technical expert and counsel; their convenienceis
`
`accordedlittle to no weight in the § 1404(a) analysis. Even if it was owed substantial weight, Apple
`
`has not explained how transfer affects the inconvenience visited upon BillJCo’s experts and
`
`counsel when source-code inspection is limited to the NDCA.
`
`Finally, Apple asserts that the standards developmentorganization (“SDO”’) overseeing the
`
`development of Bluetooth standards is in Kirkland, Washington. ECF No.26 at 7. Apple expects
`
`the SDO to have relevant documents because BillJCo alleges that the patents cover technology
`
`within the Bluetooth Low Energy (“BLE”) standard. Jd. This favors oftransfer.
`
`Mostof the relevant evidence will come from the accused infringer. See In re Nintendo
`
`Co., 589 F.3d 1194, 1199 (Fed. Cir. 2009); In re Genentech, 566 F.3d 1338, 1345 (Fed. Cir. 2009).
`
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`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 9 of 20
`
`Further, this Court cannot “discount” third-party entities having pertinent information in the
`
`transferee venue “just because individual employees were not identified.” In re Apple Inc., No.
`
`2021-181, 2021 U.S. App. LEXIS 33788, at *8 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 15, 2021) (quoting Jn re HP Inc.,
`
`826 F. App’x 899, 903 (Fed. Cir. 2020)).
`
`BillJCo identifies several non-party witnesses within this Court’s subpoena power. BillJCo
`
`names Michael Johnson, Lev Sofman, Craig Newman, and Kevin Watson as Texas-based
`
`witnesses with relevant knowledge. ECF No. 33 at 12; ECF No. 33-1 f§ 10-13. The Johnson
`
`Affidavit states that Mr. Sofman helped Bill Johnson develop software covered by the Asserted
`
`Patents. ECF No. 33-1 99. Mr. Newman and Mr. Watson allegedly “provided business and
`
`PQRSÿUVWXYZ[Y\\]W^Y_`_ÿÿÿ`aZbcSdeÿ]fÿÿÿghiSjÿ\WkWlkWWÿÿÿmQnSÿoÿapÿW\
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`technical advice to BillJCo in launching” the LBX Portfolio. Jd. ¢ 11. Michael Johnson was, in
`
`Bill Johnson’s estimation, “instrumental in launching BillJCo and developing the LBX Portfolio.”
`
`Id. 412. Yet BillJCo does not explain what knowledge these potential witnesses have that is
`
`relevant to any claim or defense at issue. See ECF No. 37 at 2. The Court will not guess at that
`
`relevant knowledge; their convenienceis disregarded.
`
`BillJCo further alleges that SXSW LLC and Texas Instruments employ relevant third-party
`
`witnesses. ECF No. 33 at 9. According to BillJCo, Apple “assisted” Austin-based SXSW “with
`
`the largest rollout of iBeacon technology in the world, and SXSW continuesto serve as a showcase
`
`event for Apple’s iBeacon technology.”/d. at 1. BillJCo also represents that Dallas-based Texas
`
`Instruments was an “early adopter of the iBeacon technology.” Jd. Yet BillJCo does not offer any
`
`suggestion as to what knowledge a SXSW or Texas Instrument employee may haverelevant to a
`
`claim or defense in this litigation. See ECF No. 37 at 1-2. Again, this Court will not guess at the
`
`relevant knowledge these witnesses possess and therefore disregards their convenience. (The Court
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 10 of 20
`
`is also confident in Apple’s ability to identify customers in California with similar knowledge to
`
`that which SXSW of Texas Instruments may offer.)
`
`BillJCo argues that Austin-based Craig Yudell, BillJCo’s former attorney who attempted
`
`to negotiate the sale of the portfolio to Apple, has relevant knowledge and will be inconvenienced
`
`by transfer. ECF No. 37 at 2. BillJCo alleges that Mr. Yudell may have relevant information
`
`because BillJCo’s negotiations with Apple form the basis of BillJCo’s willful infringement claim.
`
`Id. Apple responds that one of its former employees, Edward Scott, was party to the same
`
`negotiations and resides in the NDCA.Jd. The Court is content that Mr. Yudell and Mr. Scott
`
`neutralize one another,if their testimony is even relevant.
`
`Finally, BillJCo notes that Jason Johnson, one of the inventors of the asserted patents, lives
`
`in Waco. ECF No.33 at 12. As anamed inventor, the Court presumes that Jason Johnson possesses
`
`relevant information, especially about inventorship. And there is no indication that BillJCo can
`
`compel him to testify. This Court can. Mr. Johnson breaks the tie here—this factor favors
`
`maintaining this Action in this District.
`
`Apple argues that BillJCo fails to identify “any unique evidence that [Jason Johnson] has
`
`that would not otherwise be provided by .
`
`.
`
`. Bill Johnson.” ECF No. 37 at 3. The Court will not
`
`hold that one joint inventor cannot have any relevant knowledge not possessed by anotherjoint
`
`inventor, especially when it comes to inventorship. In any event, the Court will not hold BillJCo
`
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`to a standard Apple is not held to—Applehas not clearly indicated what unique evidence each of
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`its technical personnel, referenced infra, possess, yet
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`the Court has not discounted their
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`convenience.
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`3.
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`Cost of Attendance of Willing Witnesses
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`“The convenience of witnessesis the single most importantfactor in the transfer analysis.”
`
`Fintiv, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 171102, at *17. The Fifth Circuit has established the “100-mile
`
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`Case 6:21-cv-00528-ADA Document 53 Filed 02/24/22 Page 11 of 20
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`tule,” providing that “[w]hen the distance between an existing venue for trial of a matter and a
`
`proposed venue under § 1404(a) is more than 100 miles, the factor of inconvenience to witnesses
`
`increases in direct relationship to the additional distance to be traveled.” Volkswagen I, 371 F.3d
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`at 204-05.
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`U.S. App. LEXIS 22723, at *13. Elsewhere it has stated that inconvenienceis not attenuatedatall
`
`The Federal Circuit has held that, where witnesses would be requiredto travel a significant
`
`distance no matter where they testify, those witnesses will only be slightly more inconvenienced
`
`by havingto travel to, for example, California, compared to Texas. Jn re Apple, 979 F.3d at 1342
`
`(discussing witnesses traveling from New York) (citing Volkswagen IT, 545 F.3d at 317); In re
`
`Genentech, 566 F.3d at 1344 (stating that the 100-mile rule should not be “rigidly” applied in the
`
`context of foreign witnesses). It has opined elsewhere that “[t]he comparison between the
`
`transferor and transferee forum is not altered by the presence of other witnesses and documents in
`
`places outside both forums.” Jn re Toyota Motor Corp., 747 F.3d at 1340; In re Google LLC, No.
`
`2021-170, 2021 U.S. App. LEXIS 29137, at *12 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 27, 2021) (“[W]hen there are
`
`numerous witnesses in the transferee venue and the only other witnesses are far outside the
`
`plaintiff's chosen forum, the witness-conveniencefactor favors transfer.”). And, in yet other cases,
`
`it has considered only hypothetical travel-time statistics, and not distance, under this factor. See,
`
`e.g., In re Google LLC, 2021 U.S. App. LEXIS 2913