(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY(PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`International Bureau
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`23 May 2002 (23.05.2002)
`
`
`
`PCT
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`WO 02/41236 A2
`
`(81) Designated States (national): AE, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ,
`BA,BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK,
`(21) International Application Number:=PCT/US01/43777
`DM,EE,ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU,ID, IL,
`IN,IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU,
`LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT,
`RO, RU, SD, SE, SG,SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM, TR, TT, TZ, UA,
`UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW.
`
`(51) International Patent Classification’:
`
`G06K
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`16 November2001 (16.11.2001)
`
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`English
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`09/714,888
`
`16 November2000 (16.11.2000)
`
`US
`
`(71) Applicant(for all designated States except US): TRINITY
`TECHNOLOGIES LLC [US/US]; Suite 318, 136 South
`Main Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84101 (US).
`
`(72) Inventor; and
`(75) Inventor/Applicant (for US only): HANSEEN, Paul
`[US/US]; 1436 Laird Avenue, Salt Lake City, UT 84105
`(US).
`
`(74) Agent: CLAYTON,Grant, R.; Clayton, Howarth & Can-
`non, P.C., P.O. Box 1909, Sandy, UT 84091 (US).
`
`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (GH, GM,
`KE, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW),
`Eurasian patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM),
`European patent (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR,
`GB, GR,IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR), OAPI patent
`(BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR,
`NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`Published:
`
`without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt of that report
`
`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid-
`ance Notes on Codes andAbbreviations" appearing at the begin-
`ning ofeach regular issue ofthe PCT Gazette.
`
`(54) Title: HIGH SECURITY DATA CARD
`
`WO02/41236A2
`
`-
`
`E12
`
`LG
`
`lo
`
`for
`A device
`(57) Abstract:
`use in a system for
`reducing
`fraud in financial
`transactions.
`The device includes a member
`associated
`with
`a machine
`
`accessible
`rotatably
`readable
`optical data-containing structure,
`a machine readable magnetically
`encoded data-containing structure,
`and a circuit,
`each containing
`separate data sets. The device is
`used as a data card in financial
`and other
`transactions.
`The
`
`separate data sets are individually
`accessible only with user input
`information, are compared to such
`information and the other data
`
`sets to verify user identity and
`
`authorization. A system for using the card in transactions is also disclosed and claimed.
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`PCT/US01/43777
`
`HIGH SECURITY DATA CARD
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`1.
`
`The Field of the Invention.
`for portably
`This
`invention relates
`to “apparatus
`containing data. More particularly,
`the present invention
`relates to devices which store data in multiple formats in
`one physical structure.
`
`2.
`
`The Prior Art.
`
`Currently available portable data-containing devices
`include plastic cards that are used to carry and transmit
`financial, medical and other data.
`Such cards are also
`
`used as credit cards and debit cards,
`
`in addition to other
`
`uses.
`Currently, machine
`readable data is carried on
`portable data cards in magnetic strips which require linear
`motion to read the data stored in the magnetic strip, or in
`electronic circuits from which the data is read using a
`digital protocol, or in linearly accessible optical storage
`formats which require linear movement
`in relation to the
`
`that are
`forms
`in optical
`card to read the data, or
`rotatably accessible which require rotational movement
`in
`relation to the card to read the data on the card.
`
`Currently, there are financial transaction cards, such
`as credit
`cards, which possess both a data carrying
`magnetic strip and a data carrying electronic circuit which
`
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`are used to identify the bearer of the card.
`
`These cards
`
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`
`are capable of carrying data in two mediums.
`The limited
`data capacity of
`these dual medium cards requires that
`additional information must be obtained to verify that the
`user has the proper authority to use the card.
`
`is,
`transaction cards
`financial
`Fraudulent use of
`unfortunately,
`a
`common
`occurrence.
`MasterCard
`International, of Purchase, N.Y.
`reported that
`in 1995,
`worldwide,
`9 cents of every $100 dollars was lost to fraud.
`This represents roughly $400 million out of $470 billion in
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`
`transactions. It has been estimated that credit card fraud
`
`totals over $1 billion every year.
`
`At present,
`
`to verify that a user is authorized to
`
`make a transaction with such a financial transaction card,
`a merchant must first verify the card’s validity through a
`computer network
`(e.g.,
`a
`computer network known
`as
`
`vISAnet, a computer network provided by American Express,
`or some other credit card issuer) associated with the card,
`
`separate physical
`
`information must
`
`then be collected and
`
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`
`for example signatures compared
`compared by the merchant,
`to the authorized signature provided on the card, or other
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`
`forms of picture containing identification which
`
`are
`
`compared to the user. Disadvantageously, even the limited
`protection provided by comparing an authorized signature or
`picture provided on a financial
`transaction card becomes
`
`unavailable in a computer based (also referred to as an
`
`“online”)
`
`transaction, where
`
`there
`
`are
`
`no merchant
`
`this comparison.
`to make
`personnel physically present
`Recent surveys have suggested that credit card fraud my be
`up to twelve times more common in “on-line” transactions
`
`than in “in person” transactions. Additionally, “on-line”
`retailers often have to bear the liability for this fraud,
`while the credit card companies generally absorb these
`
`costs for traditional “in person” retailers that take fraud
`
`25
`
`prevention steps.
`
`In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated that
`it would be
`an improvement
`in the art
`to provide a
`financial transaction device or system which eliminates the
`
`30
`
`need for using an additional identification card, and for
`comparison of signatures, while continuing to ensure that
`the user is authorized to make the transaction.
`
`Also currently,
`
`there are wallet sized cards known
`
`which contain optically accessible data stored in a format
`
`which does not require rotating the card. While this type
`of non-rotating optically accessible data card is capable
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`
`of containing more data than a wallet sized card which
`stores data on a magnetic strip, it requires a specialized
`and proprietary reader for accessing the data, which reads
`the optically stored data in a linear fashion.
`In order to
`
`reading means must be
`the linear
`use this technology,
`available, which requires the user to have access to such
`
`this type of non-rotating optically
`To adapt
`means.
`accessible data card to online transactions, initiated from
`
`the
`require
`would
`computer,
`personal
`consumer’s
`a
`a
`compatible proprietary reader
`to the
`attachment of
`consumer’s personal computer.
`A system for preventing
`fraud in a computer based transaction, which uses optically
`stored data not
`requiring hardware in addition to that
`which is readily, or currently, available to consumers,
`would also be an improvement in the art.
`
`the previously available systems and devices
`Moreover,
`do not sufficiently address privacy and security concerns.
`For example,
`the loss of financial
`institution customer
`
`the
`identity over
`account numbers and theft of personal
`the
`Internet is a serious problem.
`Such problems prevent
`Internet
`from reaching its full potential of promised
`immense transactions savings.
`Existing plastic financial
`
`transaction cards
`
`are
`
`Supposed to be safe, but are not. Credit card issuers must
`
`promise to refund funds lost due to unauthorized card use
`and the problem is expensive to the merchant who must pay
`the cost of
`the fraudulent
`transaction and subsequently
`passes the loss to the consumer by way of higher prices.
`Moreover, privacy invasion continues against a card holder
`when their old account number
`is used to obtain their
`
`resulting in embarrassment or
`identity files,
`personal
`financial burden to the card holder.
`
`to
`a significant advance in the art
`It would be
`provide
`a data containing card that provides greater
`security
`and
`prevents
`someone
`from using
`false
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`identification, which also includes encryption, preventing
`unauthorized use and access to the data. Any transaction,
`be it financial or identification verification, would be
`reliable and would not compromise personal privacy of the
`user.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`In accordance with one aspect of the present invention
`a transaction card is provided, that combines in one device
`the
`capability to
`store magnetically
`encoded
`data,
`rotatably accessible optically stored data, and data stored
`in a circuit.
`In one preferred embodiment of the present
`invention, a financial transaction card is provided with at
`least one structure capable of containing magnetically
`encoded data, at
`least one structure capable of holding
`rotatably accessible optically stored data and at least one
`circuit. Preferably,
`there are at least three independent
`data sets, accessible through different data retrieval
`methods.
`The plurality of data
`sets
`are preferably
`separately encrypted, namely, each set is encrypted using
`a different standard.
`
`a
`invention
`present
`the
`of
`aspects
`other
`In
`multi-function card is provided with greatly increased
`processing and storage capacity. Such multi-function cards
`preferably have beneficial applications as driver licenses, |
`passports, government and corporate employee verification,
`ingress and egress cards.
`In illustrative embodiments, one
`card preferably has several layers of security, encryption,
`password
`and
`biometric
`verification
`files.
`One
`illustrative card can
`contain fingerprint
`and
`facial
`recognition files, driver license information and records,
`passport
`information, credit/debit
`information, medical
`insurance records, and all of the functions provided by the
`card have running transaction results which are stored on
`the card.
`Such stored information is preferably used, for
`example,
`in each step of airline travel,
`from buying the
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`
`- 5 -
`
`ticket to checking national passport databases to boarding
`the plane.
`The illustrative card’s multiple functions and
`combined security greatly increase the safety of the public
`and users of the card.
`
`card
`smart
`example
`for
`The existing technology,
`technology, is inadequate to serve the present needs of the
`market.
`The existing technology is
`severely limited
`because of the lack of digital memory space on existing
`devices. Advantageously,
`in accordance with another aspect
`of
`the present
`invention, high capacity optical storage
`technology, such as digital versatile disc technology,
`is
`included many
`illustrative embodiments of
`the present
`invention and in many embodiments in combination with smart
`card chips.
`The high storage
`capacity illustrative
`embodiments of
`the present
`invention preferably store
`biometric encrypted security data making all kinds of
`transactions
`secure
`and ensuring the identify of
`the
`presenter
`of
`the
`card. Advantageously,
`illustrative
`embodiments of the present invention address the needs of
`various markets and applications and one illustrative card
`could function instead of requiring many different cards
`using existing technology. Moreover,
`in accordance with
`another aspect of the present
`invention,
`the illustrative
`embodiments of
`the present
`invention
`are backwards
`compatible and can be introduced and implemented with the
`existing credit
`card infrastructure which
`is
`already
`present in the marketplace.
`
`invention provides the great
`the present
`Moreover,
`advantage of not being server dependent.
`One well known
`example
`of
`a
`server
`dependent
`security system for
`electronic based commerce
`is the evolving public key
`infrastructure,
`commonly known as “PKI,” which requires a
`trusted
`third
`party
`server
`involvement
`to
`secure
`transactions over the Internet.
`The PKI server system, as
`well as all other similarly structured systems,
`is open to
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`
`numerous security breaches including: being susceptible to
`falsified digital
`certificates
`and
`corrupted digital
`certificates;
`allowing stolen identities to be used by
`unauthorized third parties undetected; and reliance on a
`third party server which must be trusted by those who are
`transacting business over
`the
`Internet.
`The present
`invention advantageously does not rely on a third party
`server but rather all the necessary data resides on the
`illustrative cards of the present invention providing much
`more security than previously possible using server-based
`public key infrastructure systems.
`
`One preferred tri-format combination device of
`the
`present
`invention is particularly directed to reducing
`fraud in financial transactions. The separate data sets on
`the single card preferably contain different data and are
`separately accessible by different user
`inputs
`(such as
`personal identification numbers, machine readable physical
`information such as fingerprints, a photographic or digital
`image, or other biometric information).
`The information
`from the separate data sets can be compared by the system
`to verify the user’s identity and authorization to conclude
`the transaction.
`
`invention
`the present
`One preferred embodiment of
`includes
`a
`rotatably accessible optically stored data-
`containing structure.
`This feature adds a third data set
`
`capable of containing much larger amounts of data than the
`prior art devices, allowing the user’s machine readable
`physical information to be stored in the device. Machine
`readable physical
`information can include a photographic
`image,
`a
`fingerprint
`image,
`a
`retina image,
`or other
`biometric information that is physically unique to the user
`and can be recorded, or examined by a mechanical device.
`This information can be accessed by the machine reading the
`device and compared to information input by the user,
`to
`ensure
`identification and authenticity.
`The use
`of
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`
`rotatably accessible machine readable optical data storage
`allows the reading of the device in the standard CD-ROM
`drive/DVD drive of a personal computer.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`In order to better appreciate how the above-recited
`and other advantages
`and objects of
`the invention are
`obtained,
`a more particular description of the invention
`briefly described above will be rendered by reference to a
`specific embodiment
`thereof which is illustrated in the
`appended drawings.
`Understanding that
`these drawings
`depict only a typical embodiment of the invention and are
`not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope,
`the
`invention will be described and explained with additional
`specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying
`drawings in which:
`
`is a view of
`Figure 1
`embodiment of
`the
`first
`invention.
`
`the top planar surface of a
`card device of
`the present
`
`Figure 2 is a side view of the first embodiment of the
`card device of the present invention.
`Figure 2A is a view of the bottom planar surface of
`the first embodiment of
`the card device of
`the present
`invention.
`
`second alternative
`a
`top view of
`is a
`Figure 3
`embodiment of the card device of the present invention.
`Figure
`4
`is
`a
`top view of
`a
`third alternative
`embodiment of the card device of the present invention.
`Figure 5 is a view of an embodiment of a cover for the
`
`included in the present invention.
`card device,
`Figure SA is a diagrammatic representation of how
`chips with contacts
`can be
`read with simple
`spindle
`modification.
`
`Figure 5B is a diagrammatic representation of how card
`contacts would be aligned with the laser reading the cards
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`
`data, determining its position on the disc and hence discs
`position relative to the contacts.
`
`is a flow chart illustrating a method for
`Figure 6
`verifying the authority to use the card in a transaction.
`Figure 7 is a chart comparing the accuracy of various
`biometric identification technologies.
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`Reference will now be made to the drawings wherein
`like structures will be provided with like reference
`designations.
`The invention is a device, anda system for
`using that device.
`One preferred use of a preferred
`embodiment of the invention can be used for reducing fraud
`in computer based transactions. Financial transaction card
`based
`fraud
`is
`especially problematic
`for
`on-line
`‘transactions, occurring up to 12 times more frequently than
`with in-person transactions.
`It is estimated that credit
`card
`fraud costs
`financial
`companies, merchants
`and
`customers over a billion dollars each year,
`in the United
`States alone.
`By providing a device and method that may
`reduce
`these
`amounts
`for both in-person and on-line
`transactions,
`the
`present
`invention
`represents
`a
`substantial improvement over the prior art.
`refer to the
`While the described embodiments will
`invention’s use as a financial transaction card, it will be
`appreciated that alternative uses of both the device and
`method are included within the
`scope of
`the present
`invention.
`Some possible alternative uses include use as
`a medical data-containing device,
`as
`a data-containing
`device and system to control access to secure areas, as
`well
`as other uses
`for
`a data-containing device
`and
`authorization system for other types of transactions, known
`or readily ascertainable to those skilled in the art that
`are included within the scope of the present invention.
`A first
`embodiment of
`the device of
`the present
`invention is illustrated in Figure 1.
`The device consists
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`
`embodiment as
`shown in this first
`a planar member,
`of
`numeral 10.
`The planar member can be constructed of any
`material
`used
`for making data-containing cards,
`the
`preferred construction will result in a surface hardness at
`least equal to that of polycarbonate.
`At
`least one structure associated with the planar
`member 10 is capable of containing magnetically encoded
`data.
`In the embodiment shown in Figure 1,
`this structure
`capable of containing magnetically encoded data
`is a
`magnetic strip 12. The
`information encoded on magnetic
`strip 12 contains at
`least one data set.
`The preferred
`structure capable of containing magnetically encoded data
`complies with ISO standard ISO 4909, hereby incorporated
`herein in its entirety by this reference, allowing the card
`to be used as a credit card or as a debit card.
`
`Associated with the planar member 10 is at least one
`circuit.
`In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, this circuit
`is represented by a box, generally indicated at 14.
`The
`preferred circuit
`is an integrated circuit;
`installed so
`the card and circuit comply with ISO standards ISO 7816(1-
`10), hereby incorporated by this reference in its entirety,
`or ISO 14443, hereby incorporated by this reference in its
`entirety; allowing the invention to function as what
`is
`
`commonly referred to in the industry as a “smart card.”
`The circuit 14 contains a data set, is capable of receiving
`further data input
`to it, processing that
`further data
`based on the data set already contained in the circuit, and
`then outputting additional data based upon that processing.
`The original dataset,
`a modified dataset based upon the
`processing, or both may be retained by the circuit 14 after
`output.
`It will be appreciated that various methods known,
`or readily ascertainable to those skilled in the art may be
`used to receive and output data by the circuit 14, and all
`such methods are within the scope of the present invention.
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`
`Also associated with the planar member
`10
`is a
`structure which is advantageously capable of containing
`machine readable optically stored data which requires that
`the planar member 10 be rotated in order
`to access the
`
`In the first preferred embodiment
`optically stored data.
`shown in Figure 1,
`the planar member 10 is constructed so
`that it can be accessed as a compact disc, readable through
`the bottom planar surface of planar member 10.
`
`It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art
`that other rotatably accessible machine readable optically
`stored data formats can be used, examples of such formats
`include but are not
`limited to compact disc read only
`memory, compact disc recordable, compact disc rewritable,
`compact disk interactive, video compact disk and digital
`versatile disc (digital versatile video disc), as well as
`
`others which are known to those skilled in the art. When
`
`these formats are
`used with the preferred embodiment,
`preferably in compliance with one or more of the following
`standards:
`IEC 908;
`the Phillips-Sony Compact Disc Digital
`Audio System Description (RED Book);
`the Phillips-Sony
`Enhanced Music CD Specification (BLUE Book);
`ISO/IEC 10149;
`the Phillips-Sony Compact Disc Read Only Memory System
`Description (YELLOW Book);
`the Phillips-Sony Recordable
`Compact Disk System Descriptions, Part II:
`CD-WO (Write
`
`the Phillips-Jvc-
`the GREEN book;
`(ORANGE Book);
`Once)
`Matsushita-Sony Compact Disk Digital Video Specification
`(WHITE Book);
`ISO 9660;
`ISO 13346;
`ISO 16448;
`ISO 16449;
`ISO 16824;
`and
`ISO 16825;
`each of which
`is
`hereby
`incorporated herein,
`in its entirety, by this reference.
`In one illustrative embodiment,
`a hole 16 is passed
`through planar member
`10,
`allowing the device
`to be
`installed and read in a compact disc drive.
`The preferred
`association of
`the planar member
`10 with a structure
`
`capable of containing machine readable optically stored
`data is to construct the planar member in such a way that
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`structure capable of
`the
`includes
`the planar member
`containing machine readable rotatably accessible optically
`stored data through the bottom planar surface of planar
`member 10.
`A data set is contained in the structure for
`containing machine readable rotatably accessible optically
`stored data.
`
`Figures
`
`2
`
`and
`
`2A
`
`show the
`
`first
`
`illustrative
`
`embodiment of
`the device with structures that allow the
`machine readable rotatably accessible optically stored data
`to be accessed by a compact disc drive or other drive, such
`as a digital versatile disc drive. The side view of Figure
`2
`shows ridges 20 which protrude from the bottom planar
`surface of
`the planar member 10.
`Figure 2A shows
`the
`ridges 20, and the hole 16 from the bottom planar surface.
`The ridges 20,
`as
`shown in Figures 2 and 2A, allow the
`planar member 10, which is longer than the diameter of a
`miniCD to rotate in a compact disc drive.
`Alternative structures which allow the planar member
`10 to rotate in a compact disc drive/digital versatile disc
`drive are represented by Figures 3 and 4.
`Figure 3 shows
`an embodiment of the device in which the planar member 10
`is shaped as a card with curved first and second edges.
`The length of the planar member 10, shown in figure 3 at L,
`equals the diameter of a miniCD,
`the center hole 16 allows
`planar member 10 to be installed in compact disc drive,
`where the curved edges and the length allow it to rotate in
`the miniCD portion of the compact disk drive.
`Figure 4
`shows an embodiment of the device where the planar member
`10 is sized as a miniCD,
`this allows the planar member 10
`to rotate in a compact disk drive. Other structures and
`methods
`for
`achieving this
`rotation will
`be
`readily
`apparent
`to those skilled in the art and are within the
`
`scope of the present invention.
`
`Figure 5
`
`shows
`
`a cover
`
`for
`
`the device useful
`
`for
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`protecting the planar member 10,
`
`that
`
`is preferred to
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`- 12 -
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`is
`10
`Planar member
`invention.
`include in the present
`inserted in cover 30, as shown in Figure 5.
`Cover 30 is
`preferably made of flexible plastic such as polyurethane.
`When planar member 10 is inserted in cover 30,
`the cover
`protects the circuit 14,
`and the structure capable of
`containing machine readable rotatably accessible optically
`stored data, an opening 32 in cover 30 allows the magnetic
`strip 12
`to be
`accessed by means
`for
`reading the
`magnetically encoded data. Alternatively,
`cover 30, as
`shown in Figure 5 can be constructed of material which
`allows electromagnetic waves to pass through.
`If circuit
`14
`is a “contactless” integrated circuit,
`such as those
`complying with ISO 14443,
`then circuit
`14 may also be
`accessed while planar member 10 is inserted in cover 30.
`It will be appreciated that while it
`is preferred to
`include a protective cover 30 with the planar member 10,
`that
`the present
`invention includes a tri-format device
`that does not feature such a removable protective cover.
`The cover 30, when it
`is used,
`is removable and many
`different
`embodiments of
`the invention can optionally
`utilize a removable cover, such as cover 30.
`Reference will now be made to Figure 5A to explain how
`chips with contacts called “contact chips” can be read with
`simple spindle modification.
`The
`illustrated structure
`design allows reading the chip circuits while the card is
`spinning.
`The key notch is representative of an alignment
`system that aligns the cards circuit leads with the CDROM’s
`spindle leads and they connect to the platter leads which
`in turn are connected to the computer circuitry. The notch
`can be spring loaded allowing non-notched CDs to be used.
`In Figure 5A,
`the following reference numerals refer to the
`
`corresponding structures:
`
`100
`102
`
`card with smart chip and DVD technology
`IC chip
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`contact leads
`
`set groove which matches to spindle notch
`contact reader platter which will be read by
`contact points under platter
`contact needle under platter that reads from
`spinning platter contact points
`contacts on CD spindle
`
`enlarged CD spindle
`
`103
`
`104
`106
`
`108
`
`110
`
`112
`
`114
`
`set notch to match with card groove
`Reference will now be made to Figure 5B, which should
`be considered in tandem with Figure 5A,
`to alternatively
`explain how the card contacts would be aligned with the
`laser reading the cards data, determining its position on
`the disc and hence discs position relative to the contacts.
`The
`CDROM laser
`locates,
`assisted with software,
`the
`matched position of the cards contact leads and the spindle
`contacts.
`Once matched,
`the
`reader
`locks
`the
`card
`position, aligning contacts with the spindle contacts.
`This completes the circuit. The signal is sent through the
`leads to the stationary platter contacts,
`located above or
`below the spindle,
`then back and forth through the card
`through the platter which is connected to the computer
`circuits. This structures illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B
`can be oriented with either the top or the bottom of the
`spindle.
`In Figure 5A,
`the following reference numerals
`refer to the corresponding structures:
`
`120
`122
`
`123
`
`124
`126
`
`128
`
`card with smart chip and DVD technology
`IC chip
`
`contact leads
`
`set groove which matches to spindle notch
`spindle contacts
`
`spring loaded notch key that will align with card
`alignment notch
`
`130
`
`contacts leads
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`132
`
`stationary contact platter above or below spindle
`with circular contact points that will align and
`make contact with spindle contact leads
`
`In addition to the device that may be used to increase
`security in computer based transactions,
`the present
`invention also includes a system that may be used to reduce
`fraud in a computer based transaction. This system works
`by
`the
`transmission of
`information contained in the
`
`datasets to a receiving computer system, and the collection
`of confirmatory user data which is also transmitted to the
`receiving computer system.
`The receiving computer system
`then compares
`the confirmatory user data to standards
`contained in the datasets to verify the authorization of
`the user to make the transaction.
`If the confirmatory user
`data matches the standards, authorization is confirmed and
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`the transaction is
`transaction is refused.
`
`otherwise
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`In the preferred embodiment of the system, depicted in
`Figure 6,
`the transaction is a financial transaction of a
`
`credit or debit type.
`
`To make the transaction the card is
`
`inserted into a means for accessing the data, as shown in
`box 40.
`In a preferred embodiment,
`the means may be the
`user’s personal computer, although a proprietary reader,
`merchant computer system, or a proprietary card reader can
`be used, along with any other means that may perform the
`necessary functions. The user must then input information,
`as shown in box 42,
`to allow the means to compare the input
`information to information contained in the datasets.
`In
`
`the preferred embodiment,
`
`this information is one or more
`
`personal
`identification
`codes
`(associated with
`the
`independent datasets), which are entered into the means for
`accessing the data. After the means receives the personal
`identification codes,
`it verifies them and compares
`the
`data in the datasets to data contained in the card, which
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`the data-containing
`may be contained in one or more of
`structures of the card, as shown in box 44.
`Preferably,
`the comparison data is contained in at
`least two of the
`data-containing structures of
`the card,
`to allow for an
`additional comparison to be made between the data sets.
`If
`the compared user
`input and the data do not match,
`the
`transaction is refused, as shown in box 46.
`The means for accessing the data preferably further
`includes
`a means
`for obtaining confirmation of user
`physically identifying data. The means may be a digital
`camera for taking a digital
`image,
`a camera for taking a
`photographic image,
`a means for reading a fingerprint, or
`any other means by which a machine can collect unique
`physical
`or biometric data
`from the user.
`In the
`illustrative embodiment, once the user input information is
`found to match
`the data
`contained in the
`financial
`transaction card,
`the means
`for accessing the data then
`collects confirmatory physical data from the user,
`as
`depicted in box 48. The confirmatory user data is compared
`to standards contained in the encrypted datasets on the
`financial
`transaction card,
`as
`depicted in box
`50.
`Preferably,
`the standards are contained in more than one
`data-containing structure of
`the card,
`to allow for the
`standards to be compared to one another, further increasing
`security.
`The comparison of
`the collected confirmatory
`data may be done by the means for accessing the data, or
`the collected data may be
`transmitted,
`along with the
`Standards to the receiving computer system, which may then
`make the comparison.
`If the confirmatory data matches the
`Standards contained in the encrypted data sets,
`then the
`transaction is authorized, as shown in box 54, otherwise
`the transaction is denied, as depicted in box 56.
`As used herein the term “data-containing structure” is
`intended to encompass
`any
`type
`of machine
`readable
`optically stored information such as executable programming
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`code, such as programs that run on a PC compatible computer
`under the Windows operating system or any other platform
`using
`any other
`operating
`system,
`as well
`as
`any
`information which a computer program might use. Thus,
`the
`term “data-containing structure” encompasses any digital
`information without