`FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
`WACO DIVISION
`
`SCRAMOGE TECHNOLOGY LTD.,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`v.
`
`GOOGLE LLC,
`
`Defendant.
`
`§
`§
`§
`§
`§
`§
`§
`§
`§
`
`Civil Action No. 6:21-cv-00616-ADA
`
`DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL
`
`GOOGLE LLC’S PRELIMINARY INVALIDITY CONTENTIONS
`
`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 1
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`
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`
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`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
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`Defendant Google LLC (“Google”) hereby makes the following Preliminary disclosure
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`of Invalidity Contentions (“Preliminary Invalidity Contentions”) to Plaintiff Scramoge
`
`Technology Ltd. (“Scramoge” or “Plaintiff”).
`
`These contentions address only the asserted claims of U.S. Patent Nos. 9,843,215 (“the
`
`’215 Patent”), 10,367,370 (“the ’370 Patent”), 10,804,740 (“the ’740 Patent”), and 9,997,962
`
`(“the ’962 Patent”) (collectively, the “Asserted Patents”) asserted in Plaintiff’s Preliminary
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`Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (“Infringement Contentions”)
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`served on September 7, 2021.
`
`Plaintiff has asserted the following claims (collectively, the “asserted claims”) against
`
`Google:
`
`• The ’215 Patent: Claims 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22.
`
`• The ’370 Patent: Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18.
`
`• The ’740 Patent: Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.
`
`• The ’962 Patent: Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 18, and 19.
`
`With respect to each asserted claim and based on its investigation to date, Google
`
`hereby: (a) identifies each item of prior art that anticipates and/or renders obvious each asserted
`
`claim; (b) specifies whether each such item of prior art anticipates each asserted claim and/or
`
`renders it obvious, and, if it renders it obvious, explains why the prior art renders the asserted
`
`claim obvious and identifies any combinations of prior art showing obviousness; (c) submits a
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`chart identifying where specifically in each item of prior art each limitation of each asserted
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`claim is found; and (d) identifies the grounds of invalidity based on 35 U.S.C. § 112.1
`
`
`1 According to the Preliminary Infringement Contentions, Plaintiff contends that the claims of the ʼ740 patent are
`entitled to a priority date before March 16, 2013 (see Preliminary Infringement Contentions at 4) and that the
`
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`- 1 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 2
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`In addition, pursuant to the Standing Order Governing Patent Proceedings, and based on
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`its investigation to date, Google produces documents concurrently with these Preliminary
`
`Invalidity Contentions.
`
`II.
`
`RESERVATIONS
`
`
`
`Google reserves the right to amend these Preliminary Invalidity Contentions. The
`
`information and documents that Google produces are based on information available to date
`
`and are subject to further revision. Google expressly reserves the right to amend these
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`disclosures and the accompanying document production should Plaintiff provide any additional
`
`information that it failed to provide in its Infringement Contentions.
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`Further, because discovery (including discovery from third parties) has not yet begun,
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`Google reserves the right to revise, amend, and/or supplement the information provided herein,
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`including identifying and relying on additional references, should Google’s further search and
`
`analysis yield additional information or references, consistent with the Standing Order
`
`Governing Patent Cases and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Google reserves the right to
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`rely on additional prior art; further analysis of prior art; application of prior art to new or
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`different claims; depositions and discovery from prior art sources and authors; analysis of prior
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`art products; combinations of references; expert opinion and/or testimony; evidence supporting
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`invalidity of any asserted claim; and any additional relevant information that may result from
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`its further investigation and discovery. Additionally, Google reserves the right to rely on
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`additional information, testimony, and/or analysis concerning operation of prior art systems.
`
`Moreover, Google reserves the right to revise its ultimate contentions concerning the invalidity
`
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`claims of the ʼ215, ʼ370, and ʼ962 patents are entitled to a priority date after March 16, 2013 (see id.). As
`discussed further herein, Google does not agree that the claims are entitled to the priority dates set forth in the
`Infringement Contentions. But unless otherwise specified, the invalidity grounds discussed in these Preliminary
`Invalidity Contentions are applicable under both pre-AIA and post-AIA law.
`
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`- 2 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 3
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`of the asserted claims, which may change depending upon the Court’s construction of the
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`asserted claims, any findings as to the priority or invention date of the asserted claims, and/or
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`positions that Plaintiff or its expert witness(es) may take concerning claim construction,
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`infringement, and/or invalidity issues.
`
`Prior art not included in this disclosure, whether known or unknown to Google, may
`
`become relevant. In particular, Google is currently unaware of the extent, if any, to which
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`Plaintiff will contend that limitations of the asserted claims are not disclosed in the prior art
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`identified by Google, or will contend that any of the identified references do not qualify as
`
`prior art. The identification of any patent or patent publication shall be deemed to include any
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`counterpart patent or application filed, published, or issued anywhere in the world.
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`The information and documents that Google produces are based on Google’s present
`
`understanding of Plaintiff’s infringement theories as advanced by Plaintiff in its Infringement
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`Contentions. Plaintiff’s Infringement Contentions are deficient in numerous respects. For
`
`example, Plaintiff has failed to specifically identify where each element of each Asserted Claim
`
`is found within each accused instrumentality, and does not identify a specific mapping from
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`components of the accused instrumentalities to the elements of the asserted claims. Plaintiff
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`has also failed to present any contentions for infringement under the doctrine of equivalents.
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`Plaintiff has not provided detailed infringement contentions that identify each specific claim
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`limitation allegedly infringed under the doctrine of equivalents and its alleged equivalent
`
`element in the accused instrumentalities, or the basis for purported insubstantial differences
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`between each such limitation and its alleged equivalent. If Plaintiff attempts or is permitted to
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`cure such deficiencies, doing so may lead to further grounds for invalidity, and thus Google
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`specifically reserves the right to modify, amend, or supplement its contentions. Plaintiff has
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`- 3 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 4
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`failed to cure the deficiencies and has not undertaken reasonable efforts to prepare preliminary
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`contentions to put Google on notice of its theories of infringement.2 Thus, it no longer has the
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`opportunity to amend as of right under OGP 3.5, unless “the amendment is based on material
`
`identified after those preliminary contentions were served.” OGP 3.5 at 8 n.7. However, if it is
`
`granted leave to amend its contentions, or other additional information regarding Plaintiff’s
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`infringement theories becomes available, Google anticipates that it will provide corresponding
`
`invalidity contentions which establish that, under Plaintiff’s interpretation of the claim scope as
`
`set forth in its Infringement Contentions, the asserted patents read on the prior art.
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`Further, Plaintiff has not produced prior art known to it, including regarding any known
`
`prior art products. As discovery in this action provides Google with additional information,
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`Google may serve subpoenas on third parties believed to have knowledge, documentation,
`
`and/or corroborating evidence relating to invalidity and/or prior art. It is therefore likely that
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`Google will discover additional prior art pertinent to the invalidity of the asserted claims and
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`Google reserves the right to supplement these contentions after becoming aware of additional
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`prior art or information. Google further reserves the right to introduce and use such
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`supplemental materials at trial.
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`Google’s claim charts in Exhibits B, C, D, and F cite particular teachings and
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`disclosures of the prior art as applied to features of the asserted claims. However, persons
`
`having ordinary skill in the art may view an item of prior art generally in the context of other
`
`publications, literature, products, and understanding. Accordingly, the cited portions are only
`
`exemplary, and Google reserves the right to rely on uncited portions of the prior art references
`
`and on other publications and expert testimony as aids in understanding and interpreting the
`
`
`2 For example, Scramoge has failed to present any infringement contentions relating to indirect infringement or
`relating to doctrine of equivalents, and Google reserves all rights.
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`- 4 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 5
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`cited portions, as providing context thereto, and as additional evidence that a claim limitation is
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`known or disclosed. Citations to figures are inclusive of all discussion of those figures.
`
`Google further reserves the right to rely on uncited portions of the prior art references, other
`
`publications, documents explicitly or implicitly incorporated by reference, and testimony, to
`
`establish bases for combinations of certain cited references that render the asserted claims
`
`obvious. Further, for any combination, Google reserves the right to rely additionally on
`
`information generally known to those skilled in the art and/or common sense.
`
`The references discussed herein and in the claim charts in Exhibits B, C, D, and F, or
`
`elsewhere identified, may disclose the elements of the asserted claims explicitly and/or
`
`inherently, and/or they may be relied upon to show the state of the art in the relevant
`
`timeframe. The exemplary obviousness combinations are provided in the alternative to
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`Google’s anticipation contentions and are not to be construed to suggest that any reference
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`included in the combinations is not itself anticipatory.
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`Google further reserves the right to assert that the asserted claims are invalid under 35
`
`U.S.C. § 102(f) (Pre-AIA), to the extent applicable, in the event that discovery reveals that the
`
`named inventor of the asserted patents did not invent (either alone or in conjunction with
`
`others) the subject matter recited in the asserted claims. If Google asserts invalidity under
`
`Section 102(f) (Pre-AIA), Google will provide the name of the person(s) from whom, and the
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`circumstances under which, the invention or any part of it was derived.
`
`Google further intends to rely on inventor admissions concerning the scope of the
`
`asserted claims or of the prior art relevant to the asserted claims found in, inter alia: the patent
`
`prosecution history and/or reexamination history for the asserted patents and related patents
`
`and/or patent applications; any deposition testimony of a named inventor of the asserted
`
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`- 5 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 6
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`patents; and the papers filed and any evidence submitted by Plaintiff in conjunction with this
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`litigation. Google reserves the right to contend that the asserted claims are invalid for failure to
`
`name the correct inventor(s), and/or to contend that Plaintiff lacks standing to bring this
`
`litigation with respect to such patents.
`
`Furthermore, nothing stated herein shall be treated as an admission or suggestion that
`
`Google agrees with Plaintiff regarding either the scope of any asserted claim or the claim
`
`constructions Plaintiff advances in its Infringement Contentions or anywhere else. To the
`
`extent that Google’s Preliminary Invalidity Contentions reflect constructions of claim
`
`limitations consistent with or suggested by Plaintiff’s Infringement Contentions, no inference is
`
`intended nor should any be drawn that Google agrees with Plaintiff’s claim constructions. Nor
`
`shall anything in these Preliminary Invalidity Contentions be treated as an admission that
`
`Google’s accused products meet any limitation of any asserted claim. Google denies that it
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`infringes any claim of the asserted patents. To the extent that any prior art reference identified
`
`by Google contains a claim element that is the same as or similar to an element in an accused
`
`product, based on a claim construction inferred from Plaintiff’s Infringement Contentions,
`
`inclusion of that reference in Google’s Preliminary Invalidity Contentions shall not be deemed
`
`a waiver by Google of any claim construction or noninfringement position. Google expressly
`
`reserves the right to contest any claim construction asserted by Plaintiff and expressly reserves
`
`all noninfringement arguments.
`
`Depending on the Court’s construction of the asserted claims of the asserted patents,
`
`and/or positions that Plaintiff or its expert witness(es) may take concerning claim
`
`interpretation, infringement, and/or invalidity issues, the charted prior art references in Exhibits
`
`B, C, D, and F, or otherwise identified herein, may be of greater or lesser relevance, and
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`- 6 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 7
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`different combinations of these references may be implicated. Given this uncertainty, the
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`charts may reflect alternative applications of the prior art against the asserted claims. Nothing
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`stated herein shall be construed as an admission or a waiver of any particular construction of
`
`any claim term.
`
`Google understands that Plaintiff proposes to rely on the following priority dates for the
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`Asserted Patents based on their priority applications:
`
`• The ’215 Patent: March 4, 2014
`
`• The ’370 Patent: March 4, 2014
`
`• The ’740 Patent: March 23, 2012
`
`• The ’962 Patent: June 27, 2013
`
`Though Google’s investigation is ongoing, at least the ’215 and ’370 Patents should not
`
`be entitled to their earliest claimed priority date, e.g., March 4, 2014. As examples, Korean
`
`application 10-2014-0025290 fails to disclose all elements of the Asserted Claims of the ’215
`
`and ’370 Patents.
`
`More specifically, and as an example, Applicant filed U.S. Application No. 14/636,347
`
`(“the ’347 Application”) on March 3, 2015, which issued as the ’215 Patent. During
`
`prosecution of the ’347 Application, Applicant added new matter throughout the application
`
`including in paragraph [0052] of the ’347 Application stating, “a term of the polymeric material
`
`connector 313 can be used with a term of the extending portion. . .” This constitutes new
`
`matter and is the only support for the limitation, “the first extending portion and the second
`
`extending portion are connected to each other,” in claims 1 and 13, and therefore claims 1 and
`
`13 are invalid under § 112, as explained below. Without the added new matter, a person having
`
`ordinary skill in the art (“POSITA”) would not have understood that the first and second
`
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`- 7 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 8
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`extending portions themselves to be connected, as claims 1 and 13 require. Rather, a POSITA
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`would have understood that the intervening polymeric material connector 313 forms a
`
`connection between the extension portions, and the connector 313 is not part of the extension
`
`portions.
`
`As a further example, Applicant filed U.S. Application No. 15/651,902 (“the ’902
`
`Application”) on July 17, 2017, which issued as U.S. Patent No. 10,110,052, and claims
`
`priority to ’347 Application. Paragraph [0052] of the ’902 Application as filed contained the
`
`same new matter added previously. Applicant filed U.S. Application No. 16/111,895 (“the
`
`’895 Application”) on August 24, 2018, which issued as the ’370 Patent, and claims priority to
`
`’902 Application. Paragraph [0052] of the ’895 Application as filed contained the same new
`
`matter added previously. Accordingly, the earliest possible priority date for the ’370 Patent is
`
`July 17, 2017.
`
`The ’740 Patent should not be entitled its earliest claimed priority date of March 23,
`
`2012 or July 19, 2012. As examples, Korean applications 10-2012-0029987 and 10-2012-
`
`0079004 fail to disclose all elements of the Asserted Claims of the ’740 Patent.
`
`The ’962 Patent should not be entitled its earliest claimed priority date of June 27, 2013.
`
`As examples, Korean application 10-2013-0074620 fails to disclose all elements of the
`
`Asserted Claims of the ’962 Patent.
`
`Finally, as described below, elements of the Asserted Claims lack written description
`
`and enablement support, and those Asserted Claims therefore cannot claim priority to earlier
`
`continuation applications or the Korean applications on the face of the Asserted Patents.
`
`Google reserves the right to challenge any other alleged date of conception earlier than
`
`the filing date of the asserted patents. Google further reserves the right to seek discovery
`
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`- 8 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 9
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`regarding any alleged conception and reduction to practice dates, as appropriate, and to
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`demonstrate earlier invention by other parties under 35 U.S.C. § 102(g) (Pre-AIA), public use
`
`and/or the on-sale bar under 35 U.S.C. § 102, and/or applicants’ failure to comply with 35
`
`U.S.C. § 112.
`
`In addition to these Preliminary Invalidity Contentions and prior art identified herein,
`
`Google hereby relies on and incorporates by reference in their entirety and expressly reserves
`
`the right to rely upon invalidity expert reports, including all invalidity positions, invalidity
`
`charts and all prior art cited therein, as well as invalidity contentions presented by any present
`
`or former defendant in any of Plaintiff’s or its predecessors’ lawsuits or by potential or actual
`
`licensees to the asserted patents, including any reexamination or other post-grant review
`
`including PTAB and foreign proceedings, involving the asserted patents, any patents that claim
`
`priority to, claim priority from, or are the basis for a claim of priority in the asserted patents, or
`
`any foreign counterparts (collectively, “related patents”). In particular, Google incorporates by
`
`reference any invalidity contentions, invalidity charts, and invalidity positions in: Scramoge,
`
`Ltd. v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. et al, WDTX-6-21-cv-00454 and Scramoge Technology
`
`Limited v. Apple Inc., WDTX-6-21-cv-00579; Apple Inc. v. Scramoge Technology Limited,
`
`PTAB-IPR2022-00117, Apple Inc. v. Scramoge Technology Limited, PTAB-IPR2022-00118;
`
`Apple Inc. v. Scramoge Technology Limited, PTAB-IPR2022-00119; Apple Inc. Scramoge
`
`Technology Limited, PTAB-IPR2022-00120.
`
`Nothing in Google’s disclosures should be regarded as necessarily reflecting the proper
`
`interpretation of the claims or an interpretation of the claims Google agrees with or proposes.
`
`Nothing herein should be construed as an admission that Google agrees with Plaintiff’s express
`
`or implied claim constructions or that Plaintiff has proposed any discernible constructions for
`
`
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`- 9 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 10
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`claims and/or claim terms in its Infringement Contentions. Google disputes Plaintiff’s apparent
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`claim interpretations and will propose alternative constructions to those proposed by Plaintiff in
`
`its Infringement Contentions at the appropriate time. Nothing herein should be interpreted as
`
`reflecting Google’s proposed claim construction positions. Google expressly reserves the right
`
`to propose alternative constructions to those that have been or may be advocated by Plaintiff.
`
`III.
`
`PRIOR ART DISCLOSURES
`
`In addition to the references cited on the face of the asserted patents and related patents,
`
`the admitted prior art references in the specifications of the asserted patents and related patents,
`
`the prosecution histories of the asserted patents and related patents, the references cited in any
`
`reexaminations, reissue proceedings, or other post-grant proceedings in the U.S. Patent Office
`
`of the asserted patents and related patents, and the references cited in any invalidity contentions
`
`or expert reports submitted in any action or proceedings involving the asserted patents or
`
`related patents, Google below identifies the following prior art that anticipates each asserted
`
`claim or renders it obvious. Google has set forth in detail in the accompanying claim charts the
`
`particular claims that are anticipated under 35 U.S.C. § 102 and/or rendered obvious under 35
`
`U.S.C. § 103 by the particular reference.
`
`A.
`
`Prior Art Patents
`
`Patent or Publication Number
`
`Country of Origin
`
`Filing
`Date
`
`Date of Issue
`or
`Publication
`09/08/2010 04/04/2012
`08/04/2010
`02/16/2011
`11/30/2011
`09/12/2012
`05/31/1991 09/26/1996
`
`CN102403803A (Sizhong Zhu)
`CN201749754U (Jie Liang)
`CN202435145U (Shengtai Xu)
`DE4117878 C2 (Mizoguchi,
`Tetsuhiko et al)
`EP0547563A1 (Pigler et al)
`
`China
`China
`China
`Germany
`
`
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`- 10 -
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`European Patent Office
`
`12/15/1992
`
`06/23/1993
`
`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 11
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`
`
`Patent or Publication Number
`
`Country of Origin
`
`Filing
`Date
`
`European Patent Office
`European Patent Office
`
`06/12/1996
`01/29/2007
`
`Date of Issue
`or
`Publication
`07/02/1997
`08/01/2007
`
`
`
`
`
`EP0782154A1 (Asada)
`EP1814191A2 (Nakamura,
`Kouichi et al)
`EP2482236A1 (Teraura
`Nobuyuki)
`JP2000133536A (Masaaki
`Kaneko et al)
`JP2002299138 (Fukuda)
`JP2003142323 (Usui)
`JP2003173921 (Kohiki)
`JP20040364199A2 (Takahashi)
`JP2004110854 (Ryo)
`JP2004303857A (Gamo
`Masahiro) Original document
`20210924170242
`JP2005109173 (Kohiki)
`JP2005236585A (Akiyasu)
`JP2005277607 (Kudo)
`JP2006004015 (Tomomi)
`JP2006339329 (Ishizawa)
`JP2007110577 (Hideaki)
`JP2007123575A (Nishino et al)
`JP2007281818 (Masataka)
`JP2007325054A (Fukushima et
`al)
`JP2008027015A (Ozawa)
`JP2008172874 (Kato)
`JP2008205215 (Hasegawa)
`JP2008210861 (Ueki)
`JP2008228670A (Kato Noboru et
`al)
`
`European Patent Office
`
`09/24/2010
`
`08/01/2012
`
`10/27/1998
`
`05/12/2000
`
`04/02/2001
`11/01/2001
`12/07/2001
`06/06/2003
`12/24/2003
`03/31/2003
`
`10/11/2002
`05/16/2003
`06/20/2003
`12/24/2004
`04/08/2004
`10/28/2004
`
`12/07/2001
`02/18/2021
`03/23/2004
`06/15/2004
`06/01/2005
`10/17/2005
`10/28/2005
`04/05/2006
`06/02/2006
`
`07/19/2006
`01/09/2007
`02/20/2007
`02/23/2007
`09/05/2008
`
`04/21/2005
`09/02/2005
`10/06/2005
`01/05/2006
`12/14/2006
`04/26/2007
`05/17/2007
`10/25/2007
`12/13/2007
`
`02/07/2008
`07/24/2008
`09/04/2008
`09/11/2008
`09/05/2008
`
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`- 11 -
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`Scramoge Technology Ltd.
`Ex. 2019 - Page 12
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`
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`
`
`
`
`Patent or Publication Number
`
`Country of Origin
`
`JP2008278616 (Kato)
`JP2008294347 (Hiroki)
`JP2008296431 (Kawai)
`JP2009004514A (Suzuki et al)
`JP2009005474A (Kobayashi
`Kentaro)
`JP2009264431 (Takeuchi)
`JP2010027677 (Hashimoto)
`JP2010063006A (Hoshi)
`JP2010063007A (Kato Noboru et
`al)
`JP2010087030 (Takei)
`JP2010109806A (Nakamura et
`al)
`JP2010252624 (Sogabe)
`JP2010283263A (Satoru et al)
`JP2010508007A
`(Waffenschmidt, et al)
`JP2011036125A (Orihashi
`Masaki et al)
`JP2011066336 (Kyohei)
`JP2011072097A (Kitamura et al)
`JP2011087229 (Hidekazu)
`JP2011109501A
`JP2011109546A (Takeuchi)
`JP2011166810A (Chatani)
`JP2011175311A (Deguchi)
`JP2011193349A (Morifuji)
`JP2011210937A (Goma et al)
`JP2011514796 (Baarman)
`JP2011517926 (Baarman)
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`Japan
`
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`Japan
`
`- 12 -
`
`Filing
`Date
`
`04/27/2007
`05/28/2007
`05/30/2007
`12/07/2001
`06/20/2007
`
`04/23/2008
`07/15/2008
`09/05/2008
`09/05/2008
`
`Date of Issue
`or
`Publication
`11/13/2008
`12/04/2008
`12/11/2008
`01/08/2009
`01/08/2009
`
`11/12/2009
`02/04/2010
`03/18/2010
`03/18/2010
`
`12/07/2001
`10/31/2008
`
`04/15/2010
`05/13/2010
`
`03/16/2010
`12/07/2001
`10/16/2007
`
`11/04/2010
`12/16/2010
`03/11/2010
`
`09/14/2010
`
`02/17/2011
`
`09/18/2009
`09/24/2009
`10/19/2009
`11/19/2009
`11/19/2009
`04/18/2011
`02/23/2010
`03/16/2010
`03/30/2010
`02/20/2009
`03/12/2009
`
`03/31/2011
`04/07/2011
`04/28/2011
`06/02/2011
`06/02/2011
`08/25/2011
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