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`=
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`= ——————————
`
`
`TO SUL,TOWHOM THESE; PRESENTS, SHALL, COME:
`
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`
`United States Patent and Trademark Office
`
`September 30, 2021
`
`THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT ANNEXED HERETO IS A TRLE COPY FROM
`
`THE RECORDSOF THIS OFFICE OF:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`U.S. PATENT: 10,492,038
`
`ISSUE DATE: November 26, 2019
`
`By Authority of the
`UnderSecretary of Commerce for Intgllectual Property
`Land Trademark, Office
`~
`
`4
`
` -_— — aee —SS _ ————
`
`oe
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`=
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`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 1
`Page1
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`
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`US010492038B2
`
`«2, United States Patent
`US 10,492,038 B2
`0) Patent No.:
`Cheunget al.
`*Nov. 26, 2019
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`METHOD AND APPARATUS TO MANAGE
`MESSAGING PROVIDING DIFFERENT
`COMMUNICATION MODES DEPENDING ON
`ONE [IDENTIFIER AND NOT REQUIRING TO
`DISCLOSE CONTACT INFORMATION
`
`(58)
`
`Field of Classification Search
`CPC....... HO4M 2203/651; HO4M 3/42059; HO4M
`3/42093
`
`(Continued)
`
`(36)
`
`References Cited
`
`(71)
`
`(72)
`
`Applicant: IpVenture, Inc.. Los Altos, CA (US)
`
`Inventors: Kwok Wai Cheung, Tai Po (HK);
`Peter P. Tong, Mountain View, CA
`(US): C. Douglass Thomas, Saratoga,
`CA (US)
`
`(73)
`
`Assignee:
`
`IpVenture, Ine., San Jose, CA (US)
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer,
`
`Appl. No. 15/704,181
`
`Filed:
`
`Sep. 14, 2017
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2018/0014169 Al
`
`Jan. 11, 2018
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`Continuation of application No, 15/469,440, filed on
`Mar. 24, 2017, nowPat. No. 10,142,810, which is a
`(Continued)
`
`Int. Cl.
`HOAW4/14
`G60 10/10
`
`(2009.01)
`(2012.01)
`(Continued)
`
`US. Cl.
`CPC we FOE W4/14 (2013.01); G06Q 10/10
`(2013.01); HO4M 3/436 (2013.01):
`(Continued)
`
`(63)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5.425.516 A
`5,548,636 A
`
`6/1995 Daines
`8/1996 Bannister et al,
`
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`CN:
`
`wo
`
`[453981
`WO 0145343 A2
`
`LV 2003
`6/2001
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. [2/798,995 dated Sep. 29
`2011.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Kiet M Doan
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A number of embodiments regarding computer-imple-
`mented systems and methods to manage electronic commu-
`nications are disclosed.
`In one embodiment, an apparatus,
`using at
`least a network-based portal based on Internet
`protocol, provides different communication modes toa first
`user, with messages eligible to be received by a second user
`based on any of the modes, depending on an identifier
`associated with the second user, and receives an indication
`from the first user to select a communication mode for a
`message for the second user. In the embodiment, the appa-
`ratus could receive contact information associated with the
`second user to allow the second user to participate, with the
`contact information not provided to the first user even when
`ihe message is received by the second user, and with the
`contact information being distinct from the identifier.
`
`
`
`70 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 2
`Page 2
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`US 10,492,038 B2
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`web.archive.org/web2004 | 22904263 | /http:www.skype.comhelp’
`guides’registration-himl, [0 pgs.
`http:wvvw.aim.com:30) helpfaq’starting _oul/registration.adp?
`“Yahoo! Messenger,” hiips://web.archive.org/ web!2005060 1042101)
`aolp=, downloaded Aug. 9, 2019, 2 pgs.
`hitp://messengeryahoo.com’newtoim. php . downloaded Aug. 9, 2019,
`Using AIM on Windows — Mar, 5, 2005, https:'/web.archive.org’
`3 pes.
`web/20050305095328hitp. www.aim.com:80/help_faq/usingwin!
`“Yahoo! Help — All-New Messenger 6.0,” https: /‘web.archive org!
`instanl_message.adpvaolp-, downloaded Aug. 9, 2019, 2 pgs.
`web/20040806142252/ http:/help.yahoo.com/help/usmessenger’w
`AIM® Inside the Sidekick, hitps:/web.archive.org/web;
`intabuse/abuse-02 hol, downloaded Aug. 9, 2019, 2 pgs.
`200505 191143 LVhttp:imymobile.aol conv portal impdfs! tmobile!
`“AOL 8 Instant Messenger 1M." https://web.archive.org/web’
`AIM SIDEKICKUG tmobile.pdf, copyright 2002 by America
`2005060 1001345/hup.www.aim.com!, downloaded Aug. 6, 2019,
`Online, Inc., 13 pgs.
`2 pes.
`MSN Messengerinae,https: webarchive.orgweby20050604080622)
`MSN Messenger Version 7.0, “Messenger,”https)//web.archive,org)
`hitp:) wyew.microsolt.com/maedefaullaspx ?pid=manmessenger, down-
`web 2005060 1023444/http:/messengermsn.com _
`.
`., downloaded
`loaded Aug. 9, 2019, 2 pes.
`Aug. 6, 2019, 2 pes.
`MSN Messenger. “Communicate with MSN® Messenger,” https://
`telephony that just works.”
`Skype IM, “Skype is free Internet
`web.archive.org/web/20051013055708/ http://www. imagine-msn.
`https://web.archive.org/ web) 2005060 1003 206 /hitp:/www.skype.
`com, downloaded Aug. 6. 2019, 3 pes.
`com) messenger/post/communicate/instantmessage,aspx, down-
`loaded Aug. 9, 2019, 2 pgs.
`“Yahoo! Messenger,”hitps:)/web.archive.org/web)2005060 1012258)
`MSN Messenger, “Download MSN Messenger.”hitps://web.archive,
`http:/messenger-yahoo.com, downloaded Aug, 6, 2019,
`| pg
`orgweb!20050601002632http://messengermsn.comdownload, down-
`loaded Aug. 9, 2019, 1 pp.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 5
`Page 5
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 1 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`ICM
`
`|
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`Mobile phone
`
`| Office phone
`
`Home phone
`
`Mobile SMS/pager from mobile phone or PDA
`
`Default
`
`Voice mail
`
`Voice mail
`
`Voice mail
`
`
`
`5
`Home/office SMS (ic office/home PC)
`6
`| Mobile Online chat (lo mobile phone or PDA)
`| Voice mail
`
`7
`Home Onlinechat (Net Meeting, AOL, ICQ etc.)
`| Voice mail
`
`8
`| Voice mail with instant notification to mobile devicesofthe user
`
`
`3
`
`Voice mail without notification to mobile devices
`
`arehwoke ABsate SeStetee”
`
`jp
`
`
`HH
`Home fax
`Reject
`12
`| Mobile Email (Blackberryetc.)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Reject
`13
`hh
`User defined
`id
`TceaiSpoGoagPADCPGATEDGN
`
`FIGURE 1
`
`
`ContactClass |
`Kinship family members, love ones
`Relatives and friends
`
`ContactClass3
`
`Boss and VIP
`
`Colleagues
`ConitactClass4
`
`~ContactClass5 Subordinates
`
`
`
`ContactClass6
`Business acquaintances
`ContactClass7
`VIP Chents
`
`ContactClass&
`
`Clients
`
`ContaciClass?
`“ContactClass 10
`
`Secretary
`User defined
`
`FIGURE2
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 6
`Page 6
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov.26, 2019
`
`Sheet 2 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`UreClass|
`UreClass2
`
`Life threatening — mterrupt ai any time and occasion
`Urgent confirmed meeting reminder -interruption
`allowed
`
`
`
`UreClass3 Urgent matter requiring immediate atlention
`
`UreClass4
`
`UreClass5
`
`UreClassé
`UrgClass7
`UrgClass8
`
`Important matter requiring quick attention
`
`Regular work related matter
`
`Casual contact
`Cold calls from unknown person
`User defined
`
`FIGURE 3
`
`|
`
`
`
`
`MyBusyState! |
`important meeting
`MyBusyState2
`Ordinary meeting
`MyBusySiaics| Available
`MyBusyStated
`Sleeping
`MyBusyState |
`Resting
`MyBusyState6
`User defined
`
`=
`
`FIGURE 4
`
`ContactClass2
`
`UrgClass
`UreClass!-3
`
`UreClass4-6
`
`| MyBusyState
`All
`
`MvBusyStatel
`
`ICMallowed
`
`
`
`MyBusy State2-3
`MyBusyState4-5 i
`
`| UraClass7-8
`
`at
`
`-
`
`ah
`
`Lemar
`
`FIGURE §
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 7
`Page 7
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 3 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`if100
`
`106
`
`102
` NETWORK
`
`FIG. 6
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 8
`Page 8
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 4 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`J200
`
`
`202
`
`
`
`INCOMING
`VOICE
`CALL
`?
`
`~~ 204
`
`
`
`YES
`
`214
`
`OBTAIN AND SEND
`AUDIO MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`|
`OBTAIN AND SEND
`TEXT MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`
`ANSWER THE
`INCOMING VOICE
`sa
`CALL
`
`
`AUDIO
`
`MESSAGE
`
`
`ENGAGE IN
`?
`VOICE CALL
`<a
`“4
`
`
`
`DROP THE INCOMING
`VOICE CALL
`
`FIG. 7
`
`
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 9
`Page 9
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 5 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`
`
`ANSWER THE INCOMING VOICE CALL
`
`fi300
`
`
`~ 302
`
`
`
`PRESENT ONE OR MORE PREDETERMINED
`AUDIO MESSAGES
`
`
`
`PREDET.
`
`AUDIO
`MESSAGE
`SELECTED
`?
`
`308
`
`PLAY SELECTED AUDIO
`
`CUSTOM
`
`AUDIO
`MESSAGE
`
`REQUESTED
`
`MESSAGE
`
`PLAY CUSTOM AUDIO
`MESSAGE FOR CALLER
`
`312
`
`:
`
`~ 314
`
`
`
`9
`MESSAGE FOR CALLER RECORD CUSTOM AUDIO
`
`
`
`
`
`
`CLOSE THE INCOMING VOICE CALL
`
`ir
`
`
`
`FIG. 8
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 10
`Page 10
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 6 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`if 400
`
`DROP THE INCOMING VOICE CALL
`
`DISPLAY ONE OR MORE PREDETERMINED
`TEXT MESSAGES
`
`~~ 402
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PREDET.
`TEXT
`MESSAGE
`SELECTED
`?
`
`CUSTOM
`
`TEXT
`ape
`MESSAGE
`
`
`REQUESTED
`
`
`TRANSMIT SELECTED
`?
`TEXT MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`ENTER CUSTOM
`TEXT MESSAGE
`
`
`
`TRANSMIT CUSTOM
`TEXT MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`412
`
`~_ 4a
`
`FIG. 9
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 11
`Page 11
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 7 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`x 500
`
`202 |
`
`
`
`INCOMING
`VOICE
`CALL
`?
`
`204
`
`
`
`
`
`ANSWER THE
`INCOMING VOICE
`502
`CALL
`
`
`HEAD-SET
`214
`
`
`ACTIVE
`
`ENGAGE IN
`?
`
`
`OBTAIN AND SEND
`VOICE CALL
`
`AUDIO MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DISPLAY
`PRESENT
`
`
`?
`OBTAIN AND SEND
`TEXT MESSAGE
`TO CALLER
`
`
`
` VOICE MAIL DROP THE INCOMING
`
`
`
`222
`
`DIRECT TO
`
`VOICE CALL
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 12
`Page 12
`
`FIG. 10
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 8 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`AUDIO
`
`
`
`
`
`OR TEXT
`PRESENTATION
`?
`
`610
`
`
`
`
`DISPLAY THE INCOMING
`
`TEXT MESSAGE
`
`CONVERT THE INCOMING TEXT
`MESSAGE TO AN AUDIO MESSAGE
`
`
`
`606
`
`608
`
`PLAY THE AUDIO MESSAGE
`
`FIG. 11
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 13
`Page 13
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 26, 2019
`
`Sheet 9 of 9
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`JS 700
`
`702 |
`
`
`
`REPLY
`
`MESSAGE
`
`TO BE
`
`SENT
`
`?
`
`
`714
`
`
`
`DISPLAY TEXT
`ENTRY SCREEN
`
`
`
` AUDIO
`
`
`
`OR TEXT
`
`
`TEXT
`MESSAGE
`
`
`MESSAGE
`1h Be
`
`
`
`ENTERED
`
`
`FORMED
`
` ?
`?
`
` PROMPT FOR AUDIO MESSAGE
`
`
`
`
`AUDIO
`MESSAGE
`RECORDED
`?
`
`
` CONVERT THE AUDIO MESSAGE
`TO A TEXT MESSAGE
`
`
`
` “> F42 FIG. 12
` TRANSMIT THE TEXT MESSAGE
`OVER A WIRELESS NETWORK
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 14
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`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`1
`METHOD AND APPARATUS TO MANAGE
`MESSAGING PROVIDING DIFFERENT
`COMMUNICATION MODES DEPENDING ON
`ONE IDENTIFIER AND NOT REQUIRING TO
`DISCLOSE CONTACT INFORMATION
`
`2
`It should be apparent fromthe foregoing that there is still
`a need to help manage the numerous modes of communi-
`cation.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a continuation of U.S. patent applica-
`lion Ser. No. 15/469,440, filed Mar. 24, 2017, and entitled
`“A NETWORK-BASED PORTAL TO MANAGE COM-
`MUNICATION.”. which is hereby incorporated herein by
`reference, which application is a continuation of U.S. patent
`application Ser. No. 14/922.344, filed Oct. 26, 2015, now
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,736,664, and entitled “SYSTEMS AND
`PROCESSES TO MANAGE MULTIPLE MODES OF
`COMMUNICATION.” whichis hereby incorporated herein
`by reference. which application is # continuation of U.S.
`patent application Ser, No, 14/272,632, filed May 8, 2014,
`now U.S. Pat. No. 9.204.268. and entitled "SYSTEMS AND
`PROCESSES TO MANAGE MULTIPLE MODES OF
`COMMUNICATION,”which ts hereby incorporated herein
`by reference, which application is a continuation of U.S,
`patent application Ser. No. 12/798,995, filed Apr. 14, 2010,
`now US. Pat. No. §,744,407, and entitled "SYSTEMS AND
`PROCESSES TO MANAGE MULTIPLE MODES OF
`
`a0
`
`a
`~
`
`Different embodiments of a computer-implemented sys-
`tem and method to manage the communication of a user are
`disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus, using at least a
`network-based portal based on Internet protocol, could pro-
`vide a number of communication optionsto a first user, with
`messages eligible to be received via an electronic device
`associated with a second user based on any ofthe options
`depending on an identifier associated with the second user,
`the options including text messaging and yoice communi-
`cation: could receive an indication from the first user via an
`electronic device associated with the first user, indicating the
`selection of a communication option for a message lor the
`second user: could permit the second user to block thefirst
`user from accessing the second user; and could determine
`availability ofthe second user to receive the message. In the
`embodiment, the apparatus could require contact informa-
`lion associated with the second user to allow the second user
`to receive messages via the network-based portal, with the
`5 contact
`information associated with the second user not
`provided to the first user via the electronic device associated
`withthe first user, even when the message 1s received bythe
`second user via the electronic device associated with the
`second user, and with the contact
`information associated
`with the second user being distinet
`from the identifier
`associated with the second user.
`A person tries to electronically convey a message to the
`user. In one embodiment, the status ofthe user is identified:
`the identity of the person is identified; the urgency ofthe
`message is identified; the access priority of the person is
`determined based on the person's identity: and a process is
`set lo manage the message using one of more rules, and in
`view of the status of the user, the access priority of the
`person and the urgency of the message.
`Based on different embodiments, the status of the user
`depends on the current activity or location of the user, or the
`current lime, The status ofthe user can also be detined by the
`user. Similarly,
`the access priority of the person can be
`defined by the user, or is set depending on the user’s reaction
`towards a prior message fromthe person. Also, the urgency
`of the message is set by the person,
`The process can depend on the mode of communication of
`the message. For example, the mode of communication can
`include a mobile phone, an office phone, a home phone. a
`mobile SMS. a pager from a mobile phone or PDA, .a
`home/ofice SMS. mobile online chat, home online chat, a
`voice mail with/without instant notification, an oflice fax, a
`home fax, a mobile email. and an email.
`In one embodiment,
`the user
`receives the message
`through a handheld device, such as a cellular phone, In
`another embodiment, the messageis electronically conveyed
`based on Internet protocol through a website.
`In one embodiment, though the process allows the user to
`receive the message, the person is not aware of the contact
`information of the user. For example, the person is not aware
`of the phone numberofthe cellular phonethat the user used
`to talk to the person. This prevents the person from directly
`accessing the user without going through an intermediate
`control, such as a website, Similarly. the user does not have
`to be aware of the contact information ofthe person.
`In another embodiment, the defined access priority ofthe
`personis stored at a website, allowing the website to access
`
`COMMUNICATION.” whichis hereby incorporated herein
`by reference, which application is a continuation of U.S.
`patent application Ser. No. 11/452,115, filed Jun. 12, 2006,
`nowU.S. Pat, No. 7,729,688. and entitled “SYSTEMS AND
`PROCESSES TO MANAGE MULTIPLE MODES OF
`COMMUNICATION”. whichis hereby incorporated herein.
`by reference, which application is a continuation-in-part
`application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/006,343,
`filed Dee. 7. 2004, now U.S, Pat. No. 7,116,976, and entitled
`“ADAPTABLE COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES FOR
`ELECTRONIC DEVICES.” which is hereby incorporated
`herein by reference, which claims priority to U.S. Provi-
`sional Patent Application No. 60/527,565,
`filed Dec. 8.
`2003, entitled “ADAPTABLE COMMUNICATION TECH-
`NIQUES FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES,” and which is
`hereby incorporated herein by reference.
`This application, by way of LLS. patent application Ser.
`No. 11/452,115. alsu claims priority to U.S. Provisional
`Patent Application No, 60/689,686, filed Jun, 10, 2005,
`entilled "SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES TO MANAGE
`=
`MULTIPLE MODES OF COMMUNICATION.” and which *
`is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
`
`=
`
`5
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`For many years, other than mails from post offices, we
`typically only received information from afar throughtele-
`phones. [lowever, in the past few years. ways that others can
`send us information have increased significantly. Just to list
`a lewdifferent modes of communication, we can be reached
`from standard desk phones,
`fax, cell phones, electronic
`mails, and instant messages. In addition, we can have more
`than one phone number and multiple electronic mail
`addresses. There are people we like to communicate with,
`and there are those we prefer to avoid. Managing informa-
`tion [romall such different modes can be quite time con-
`suming.
`
`ou
`
`5
`
`Epic Games Ex. 1001
`Epic Games Ex.1001
`Page 15
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`
`
`
`US 10,492,038 B2
`
`3
`such information without asking for the user's permission.
`In one embodiment. the defined access priority is stored in
`a private database under the user's control.
`In one embodiment, text messages could be received in an
`audio manner. and audio messages could be sent as text
`messages.
`Other aspects and advantages ofthe present invention will
`become apparent from the following detailed description,
`which, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying
`drawings, illustrates by way of example the principles ofthe
`invention.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`1 shows a number of intelligent communication
`FIG,
`modes according to one embodiment of the invention.
`FIG, 2 shows a number of contact classes according to
`one embodiment of the invention.
`FIG. 3 shows 4 number ofurgency classes according to
`one embodiment of the invention.
`
`w
`
`FIG. 4 shows a number ofstatuses of a user according to
`one embodiment of the invention.
`
`&
`
`FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of an example of an
`bo 7)
`Access Priority Database according to one embodiment of 2
`the invention.
`FIG, 6 is a communication system according to one
`embodiment of the invention.
`FIG, 7 is a flow diagram of a personal call response
`process according to one embodiment of the invention.
`FIG, 8 is a How diagram of an audio message response
`process according to one embodiment ofthe invention.
`FIG. 9 is a Howdiagram of a text message response
`process according to one embodiment ofthe invention.
`FIG. 10 is a Dow diagramof an automated call response *
`process according to one embodiment ofthe invention.
`FIG.
`11
`is a flow diagram of a message presentation
`process according to one embodiment of the invention.
`FIG. 12 is a flow diagram of a message presentation
`process according to one embodiment ofthe invention.
`Same numerals in FIGS, 1-12 are assigned to similar
`elementsin all the figures. Embodiments of the invention are
`discussed below with reference to FIGS. 1-12. However,
`those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that
`the
`detailed description given herein with respect to these fig-
`ures is for explanatory purposes as the invention extends
`beyond these limited embodiments.
`
`&
`
`4
`In one embodiment, the user can get appropriate notifi-
`cation on the source of the incoming communication
`request. The attributes ofthe notification can depend on the
`urgency ofthe communication and/or the status of the user,
`The user mayreceive information fromdifferent modes of
`communicaiion, for example,
`the user can have mobile
`phones. fixed lines at home or office, emails, SMS. and
`faxes, with their different numbers and/or addresses. One
`embodiment can help the user efficiently manage informa-
`tion fromthe different modes. ‘The user only has to remem-
`ber one specific address from one mode of communication.
`Through that address, the user can receive communications
`from all modes of communication, independent of where the
`user is. or the type of hardware the user has. This allows the
`user to e