DECLARATION AND AFFIRMATION OF BRENDA RAY
`
`I, Brenda Ray, being over 18 year of age and duly sworn, depose and say as
`follows:
`
`1. lam an employee of the Auburn University Library, and specifically the Document
`Delivery Unit, located at Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849. I am familiar with
`the policies and procedures of the Library as they relate to the receipt, cataloging, and
`tracking of books and I have personal knowledge of the facts set forth below. I am
`familiar with these procedures because I have been employed by the Library since 1989,
`where I began in Binding and Receiving, then moved to Serials, then the Science and
`Technology Department, then the Architecture Library and finally the Document
`Delivery Unit. I have held my current position in the Document Delivery Unit for the last
`17 years.
`
`2. It is and has been standard operating procedure that when an item is received by the
`Library, it is received, cataloged, physically processed (spine label with call number,
`tattle-taped, ownership stamp, etc.). The item would then be stamped with date mark. The
`item would be made available to patrons within a few days of the item arriving
`at the library.
`
`3. The Auburn University Library holds an original copy of Electronic Design Volume 45,
`Issue 27, December 1, 1997. I have been asked for information about Electronic Design
`specifically when this volume was first made publicly available by the Auburn University
`Library. From my review of the Library's records, and my knowledge of the Library's
`standard procedures, this issue of Electronic Design was cataloged and publicly available
`in the Library by no later than December 20, 1997, and was in current issues, shelved in
`alphabetical order within a few days after the date of December 20, 1997.
`
`4. In my opinion, the journal Electronic Design was cataloged and available at the Auburn
`University Library on December 20, 1997 based on the date stamp on a preliminary page
`inside this volume of Electronic Design. I have not seen any indication that this volume
`of Electronic Design would have been an exception to the Library's standard practice.
`The Library maintains a searchable and publicly accessible catalog of its publications.
`Therefore, as of December 31, 1997 any member of the public could have located this
`volume of Electronic Design by searching our catalog by the title, call number, and/or
`subject matter.
`
`5. Exhibit A to this Declaration is a true and accurate copy of the cover, table of contents,
`preliminary page with date stamp and the article "MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears A Path
`For The Cable-Modem Invasion" by Lee Goldberg on pages 69-70, 74, 78, 80 from the
`journal Electronic Design Volume 45, Issue 27, December 1, 1997, ISSN 0013-4872
`from the Auburn University Libraries collection.
`
`LG Ex. 1010
`LG Electronics Inc. v. ParkerVision, Inc.
`IPR2022-00246
`Page 00001
`
`

`

`I declare and affirm under penalty of perjury that all statements made herein of my own
`knowledge are true and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be
`true; and further that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false
`statements and the like are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under Section 1001 of
`Title 18 of the United States Code. If called to testify, I could and would competently testify
`under oath to the facts set forth above. Unless otherwise noted, the facts and statements in this
`Declaration are based on my personal knowledge and my review of the documents discussed
`herein, and I am competent to testify to these facts.
`
`May 11, 2021
`
`Auburn University Libraries
`231 Mell Street
`Auburn, AL 36849-5606
`
`tAR,1,0,_ 124
`
`Brenda Ray
`Library Specialist, Tech II
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00002
`
`

`

`Exhibit A
`Exhibit A
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00003
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00003
`
`

`

`ELECTRONIC
`
`:71Til
`TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS• PRODUCTS • SOLUTIONS
`TECHNOLOGY· APPLICATIONS · PRODUCTS · SOLUTIONS
`A PENTON PUBLICATION $10.00
`A PENTON PUBLICATION $10.00
`DECEMBER 1, 1997
`DECEMBER 1, 199/
`.. , I
`
`ZIL6 8£15 L9LLi£i00 OM
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`Aiir&Tic al - lie--
`CNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears Path For Cable-Modem Invasion p. 69
`MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears Path For Cable-Modem Invasion p. 69
`Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge Device Developments p. 39
`Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge Device Developments p. 39
`At IEDM: Memory, Logic Power Devices, EDA, Sensors, And Displays p. 40
`At IEDM: Memory, Logic Power Devices, EDA, Sensors, And Displays p. 40
`Line-Driver Design For Broadband Communications Applications p. 81
`Line-Driver Design For Broadband Communications Applications p. 81
`Parasitic Extraction Tools Aid DSM IC Designs p.97
`Parasitic Extraction Tools Aid DSM IC Designs p.97
`Harness The Power Of The ACPI/Smart Battery Standard p. 113
`Harness The Power Of The ACPI/Smart Battery Standard p. 113
`Pick The Perfect Chassis To Ensure System Longevity p. 127
`Pick The Perfect Chassis To Ensure System Longevity p. 127
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00004
`
`

`

`lil*COre
`
`If you're charged with designing low-power applications,
`If you're charged with designing low-power applications,
`a
`t9
`this little core is a mighty big friend. Motorola's new NI..U)
`this little core is a mighty big friend. Motorola's new M•CO~
`
`~
`0
`~
`microRISC engine reduces costs, lengthens battery life and gives you ~
`microRISC engine reduces costs, lengthens battery life and OVeOrou `=-1
`
`performance for the future. A combination of brains and brawn.
`performance for the future. A combination of brains and brawn.
`
`A 48MIPS/50MHz RISC core design with I/O intelligence
`A 48MIPS/50MHz RISC core design with 1/0 intelligence
`
`and interrupt performance built in. Plus, its development
`and interrupt performance built in. Plus, its development
`
`tool chains are fully complete and validated to interoperate,
`tool chains are fully complete and validated to interoperate,
`
`greatly reducing design time. In other words, it's ready to fly!
`greatly reducing design time. In other words, it's ready to fly!
`
`To find out how Motorola can help you save the day,
`To find out how Motorola can help you save the day,
`
`direct your mouse to www.motorola.com/mcore
`direct your mouse to www.motorola.com/mcore
`
`or call 800.521.6274.
`or call 800.521.6274.
`
`@MOTOROLA
`MOTOROLA
`Semiconductor Products Sector
`Semiconductor Products Sector
`
`What you never thought possible
`What you never thought possible:"
`
`<I> 1997 MOTOROLA, INC. AU RIGHTS RESERVED. MOTOROLA ANO " ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS
`®1991 MOTOROLA, INC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MOTOROLA AND 8 ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS
`AND THE M.DORE NAME AND LOGO ARE TRAOEMARKS OF MOTOROLA INC MIGHTY MOUSE, TM & C 147 VIACOM INTL INC.
`ANO THE M•CORE NAME ANO LOGO ARETAAOEMARKS Of MOTOROLA, INC. MIGHTY MOUSE, TM & II) 1997 VIACOM INrL INC
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00005
`
`

`

`ELECTRONIC DESIGN
`ELECTRONIC DESIGN
`
`TECHNOLOGY• APPLICATIONS• PRODUCTS• SOLUTIONS
`TECHNOLOGY. APPLICATIONS. PRODUCTS. SOLUTIONS
`December 1, 1997 Volume 45, Number 27
`December 1, 1997 Volume 45, Number 27
`
`EDITORIAL OVERVIEW
`EDITORIAL OVERVIEW
`
`V
`
`1'.
`it
`! ·
`I 1[1
`~
`
`~ --i) .-
`
`114
`is
`
`INA
`
`■ MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears Path For Cable-Modem Invasion 69
`• MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears Path For Cable-Modem Invasion 69
`
`IN Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge Device Developments 39
`■ Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge Device Developments 39
`■ At IEDM: Memory, Logic Power Devices, EDA, Sensors, And Displays 40
`• At IEDM: Memory, Logic Power Devices, EDA, Sensors, And Displays 40
`■ Line-Driver Design For Broadband Communications Applications 81
`II Line-Driver Design For Broadband Communications Applications 81
`■ Parasitic Extraction Tools Aid DSM IC Designs 97
`III Parasitic Extraction Tools Aid DSM IC Designs 97
`■ Harness The Power Of The ACPI/Smart-Battery Standard 113
`II Harness The Power Of The ACPI/Smart-Battery Standard 113
`■ Pick The Perfect Chassis To Ensure System Longevity 127
`III Pick The Perfect Chassis To Ensure System Longevity 127
`
`TECH INSIGHTS
`TECH INSIGHTS
`50 IEDM Focuses On Advanced Device Models
`50 IEDM Focuses On Advanced Device Models
`• Models offer new hope in tackling deep(cid:173)
`• Models offer new hope in tackling deep-
`submicron issues dealing with process
`submicron issues dealing with process
`accuracy and interconnect.
`accuracy and interconnect.
`
`DEPARTMENTS
`DEPARTMENTS
`
`Upcoming Meetings ... 12,
`Upcoming Meetings ...12,
`. ...... . 16, 18, 54
`
`16, 18, 54
`
`Editorial ............ 22
`Editorial
`22
`• Tiny E ngines Fuel A
`• Tiny Engines Fuel A
`Revolution
`R evolution
`
`Technology Briefing .... 24
`Technology Briefing ....24
`• Consumer Electronics'
`• Consumer Electronics'
`Potential
`Potential
`
`Technology
`Technology
`Newsletter ..... . 27, 30
`Newsletter
`27, 30
`
`Technology
`Technology
`Breakthrough ........ 33
`Breakthrough
`33
`• 35-GHz 0.5-W GaA s
`• 35-GHz 0.5-W GaAs
`pHE MT points the way
`pHE MT points the way
`toward low-cost volume
`toward low-cost volume
`production of MOCVD
`production of MOCVD
`MMICs
`MMICs
`• 0.1-mm electrostatic
`• 0.1-mm electrostatic
`microrelays switch at up
`microrelays switch at up
`to 100GHz
`to 100 GHz
`• Development of blue
`• Development of blue
`phosphor spawns fu ll(cid:173)
`phosphor spawns full-
`color EL displays
`color EL displays
`
`Info Page ........... 10
`Info Page
`10
`(how to find us)
`(how to find us)
`
`Index of Advertisers .. 184
`Index of Advertisers ..184
`
`Reader
`Reader
`Service Card .... 184A-D
`Service Card ....184A-D
`
`TECH INSIGHTS
`TECH INSIGHTS
`I
`39 Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge
`39 Annual IEDM Conference Examines Leading-Edge
`Device Developments
`Device Developments
`• Hear about the latest in memory and logic
`• Hear about the latest in memory and logic
`!Cs, compound semiconductor devices,
`ICs, compound semiconductor devices,
`simulation tools, and sensors and displays.
`simulation tools, and sensors and displays.
`
`40 Memory And Logic Structures Are Getting Faster
`40 Memory And Logic Structures Are Getting Faster
`And Denser
`And Denser
`• Designers detail advanced process techniques
`• Designers detail advanced process techniques
`and finer-dimension design rules at IEDM to
`and finer-dimension design rules at IEDM to
`build next-generation memories and logic.
`
`48 Rivalries Between Silicon And Exotic Semiconductors
`Abound At IEDM
`Abound At IEDM
`• SiGe and vanilla silicon move into RF and
`1_
`• SiGe and vanilla silicon move into RF and
`optical applications as compound semi-
`optical applications as compound semi(cid:173)
`conductors stake out their niches.
`conductors stake out their niches.
`
`build next-generation memories and logic. L 48 Rivalries Between Silicon And Exotic Semiconductors
`
`ELECTRONIC DESIGN (ISSN 0013-4872) is published twice monthly except for 3
`ELECTRONIC DESIGN (ISSN 00 13-4872) is published twice monthly except for 3
`issues in May, 3 issues in August, 3 issues in October, and 3 issues in November by
`issues in May, 3 issues in August, 3 issues in October and 3 issues in November by
`Penton Publishing Inc., 1100 Superior Ave., Cleveland, OH 44114-2543. Paid rates
`Penton Publishing Inc., 1100 Superior Ave., Cleveland, OH 44114-2543 . Paid rates
`for a one.year subscription are as follows: $105 U.S., $185 Canada, $210, $255
`for a one, year subscription are as follows: $105 U.S., $185 Canada, $210, $255
`International. Periodicals postage paid at Cleveland, OH, and additional mailing
`International. Periodicals postage paid at Cleveland, OH, and additional mailing
`offices. Editorial and advertising addresses: ELECTRONIC DESIGN, 611 Route #46
`offices. Editorial and advertising addresses : ELECTRONIC DESIGN, 611 Route #46
`West, Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604. Telephone (201) 393-6060. Facsimile (20 1)
`West, Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604. Telephone (201) 393-6060. Facsimile (201)
`393-0204. Printed in U.S.A. Title registered in U.S. Patent Office.
`393-0204. Printed in U.SA Title registered in U.S. Patent Office.
`
`60 Sensors And Displays Highlighted At IEDM
`60 Sensors And Displays Highlighted At IEDM
`• Advanced device structures and new
`' • Advanced device structures and new
`technologies are opening the door for emerging
`technologies are opening the door for emerging
`display and sensor-based applications.
`display and sensor-based applications.
`COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
`COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
`69 MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Paves The Way For A
`69 MCNS/DOCSIS MAC Paves The Way For A
`Cable-Modem Invasion
`Cable-Modem Invasion -
`•
`COVER
`t
`•
`• The first standards-compliant chip
`: • The first standards-compliant chip
`means affordable, interoperable,
`: means affordable, interoperable,
`, ,
`STORY
`cable modems, with speed and
`: cable modems, with speed and
`security features.
`: security features.
`Copyright 1997 by Penton Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this
`CoP.yright 1997 by Penton Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this
`publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the consent of the
`pubhcation may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the consent of the
`copyright owner. For subscriber change of address and subscription inquiries, call
`copyright owner. For subscriber change of add ress and subscription inquiries, call
`(216) .596-7000. Mail your subscription requests to: Penton Publishing Subscription
`216) 696-7000. Mail your subscription requests to : Penton Publishing Subscription
`[
`Lockbox, P.O. Box 96732, Chicago, IL 60693. POSTMASTER: Please send change
`ockbox, P.O. Box 96732 , Chicago, IL 60693 . POSTMASTER : Please send cha nge
`of address to ELECTRONIC DESIGN, Penton Publishing Inc., 1100 Superior Ave.,
`of address to ELECTRONIC DESIGN, Penton Publishing Inc., 1100 Superior Ave.,
`Cleveland, OH 44114-2543.
`Cleveland, OH 44 114-2543.
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00006
`
`

`

`Highlights and insights from the frontline of the communications revolution
`
`OMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
`MCNS /DOCSIS MAC Clears A Path For
`VICNS/DOCSIS MAC Clears A Path For
`The Cable-Modem Invasion
`The Cable-Modem Invasion
`
`The First Standards-Compliant Chip Means Affordable, Interoperable,
`The First Standards-Compliant Chip Means Affordable, Interoperable,
`Cable Modems, With Speed And Security Features.
`Cable Modems, With Speed And Security Features.
`Lee Goldberg
`Lee Goldberg
`
`With the introduction of
`Vith the introduction of
`
`the BCM3220 multime(cid:173)
`the BCM3220 multime-
`dia cable networking
`dia cable networking
`systems/Data-Over-Cable-Ser(cid:173)
`systems/Data-Over-Cable-Ser-
`vice Interface Specification
`vice Interface Specification
`(MCNS/DOCSIS) compliant
`(MCNS/DOCSIS) compliant
`media-access controller (MAC)
`media-access controller (MAC)
`chip, the cable data revolution
`chip, the cable data revolution
`has begun in earnest. By rolling
`has begun hi earnest. By rolling
`out the first integrated imple(cid:173)
`out the first integrated imple-
`mentation of the cable industry's
`mentation of the cable industry's
`recently developed DOCSIS,
`recently developed DOCSIS,
`Broadcom Corporation has
`Broadcom Corporation has
`paved the way for the rapid de(cid:173)
`paved the way for the rapid de-
`velopment of inexpensive con(cid:173)
`velopment of inexpensive con-
`sumer-oriented cable data appli(cid:173)
`sumer-oriented cable data appli-
`ances. This move could provide a
`ances. This move could provide a
`critical jump-start for the
`critical jump-start for the
`emerging cable data industry. If
`emerging cable data industry. If =
`the next year goes according to
`the next year goes according to
`plan, we may see a device that
`plan, we may see a device that
`delivers multimegabit down- ,...,,,,,
`delivers multimegabit down-
`stream Internet access being
`stream Internet access being
`sold at K-Marts and electronic discount
`sold at K-Marts and electronic discount
`stores at prices comparable to today's
`stores at prices comparable to today's
`56-kbit POTS modems.
`56-kbit POTS modems.
`
`,
`/J
`
`_, ;..
`·
`·
`1° own
`,,,.,,...,,,,,, .. •~ ..
`'ago
`Agfa a m - 11..111%
`ZIODI ElD11919 FS El MO EV
`
`it
`to
`
`1
`
`the IEEE's 802.14 cable data
`the IEEE's 802.14 cable data
`standards committee, a group
`standards committee, a group
`of large cable interests formed
`of large cable interests formed
`the MCNS group. Comprised
`the MCNS group. Comprised
`of heavyweights like Comcast
`of heavyweights like Comcast
`../.1"•. •
`and Time-Warner, MCNS
`and Time-Warner, MCNS
`ne
`'
`1 teamed with the cable indus(cid:173)
`teamed with the cable indus-
`•
`, •
`try's research consortium, Ca(cid:173)
`try's research consortium, Ca-
`ble Labs, Louisville,
`ble Labs, Louisville,
`COVER FEATURE
`Colo., to produce
`Colo., to produce
`their own open standard for
`their own open standard for
`11 moving data between cable
`moving data between cable
`m ..&--U4..lll'iim network headend s and sub(cid:173)
`network headends and sub-
`scriber's homes.
`scriber's homes.
`
`I
`
`a
`
`0111111111111111ffla ®s
`Erb
`..
`.,.
`.. .,... .......... ..
`
`ah em '
`1913E11919 ®go®
`
`-, 111
`
`Enter DOCSIS
`Enter DOCSIS
`·· The first fruit of this alliance is
`The first fruit of this alliance is
`the DOCSIS specification, de(cid:173)
`the DOCSIS specification, de-
`veloped by a group of manufac(cid:173)
`veloped by a group of manufac-
`turers, under the direction of
`turers, under the direction of
`MCNS and Cable Labs. Partic(cid:173)
`MCNS and Cable Labs. Partic-
`ipants in the initial develop(cid:173)
`ipants in the initial develop-
`ment ofDOCSIS included Gen-
`ment of DOCSIS included Gen-
`' eral Instruments, LAN City (now a
`surfing began to erode cable's near(cid:173)
`eral Instruments, LAN City (now a
`surfing began to erode cable's near-
`lock on passive leisure activities.
`part of Bay Networks), and Broadcom.
`part of Bay Networks), and Broadcom.
`lock on passive leisure activities.
`This spec outlines the physical layer in(cid:173)
`After several ill-fated adventures
`This spec outlines the physical layer in-
`After several ill-fated adventures
`terfaces, MAC and transport proto(cid:173)
`with video-on-demand, interactive
`terfaces, MAC and transport proto-
`with video-on-demand, interactive
`cols, security provisions, and other
`shopping, and other attempts to dic(cid:173)
`cols, security provisions, and other
`shopping, and other attempts to dic-
`specifications necessary for designing
`tate consumer taste, cable marketeers
`specifications necessary for designing
`tate consumer taste, cable marketeers
`stumbled over the obvious hot applica(cid:173)
`interoperable cable data components.
`interoperable cable data components.
`stumbled over the obvious hot applica-
`Subsequent fine-tunin g was per(cid:173)
`Subsequent fine-tuning was per-
`tion, broadband Internet access. Once
`tion, broadband Internet access. Once
`formed in an open forum hosted by Ca(cid:173)
`formed in an open forum hosted by Ca-
`early trials demonstrated the eco(cid:173)
`early trials demonstrated the eco-
`ble Labs and attended by most major
`ble Labs and attended by most major
`nomic potential, it became clear that
`nomic potential, it became clear that
`players in the cable industry. The re(cid:173)
`the only way to achieve a critical mass
`players in the cable industry. The re-
`the only way to achieve a critical mass
`sult is a standard that meets the needs
`of users was to develop a transmission
`sult is a standard that meets the needs
`of users was to develop a transmission
`of current users and anticipates the de(cid:173)
`standard that would enable the pro(cid:173)
`of current users and anticipates the de-
`standard that would enable the pro-
`mands of future applications.
`duction of mass-produced, inexpen(cid:173)
`mands of future applications.
`duction of mass-produced, inexpen-
`DOCSIS is designed to employ one
`DOCSIS is designed to employ one
`sive, interoperable cable modems and
`sive, interoperable cable modems and
`, or more unused video channels within
`set-top boxes (Fig.1).
`or more unused video channels within
`set-top boxes (Fig. 1).
`the 54-to-860-MHz cable broadcast
`Frustrated by the slow progress of :
`the 54-to-860-MHz cable broadcast
`Frustrated by the slow progress of
`
`The Broadband Wars
`The Broadband Wars
`The development of DOCSIS and
`The development of DOCSIS and
`the introduction of the BCM3220 mark
`the introduction of the BCM3220 mark
`the first hopeful chapter in the trou(cid:173)
`the first hopeful chapter in the trou-
`bled history of cable media's efforts to
`bled history of cable media's efforts to
`maintain its dominant role in captur(cid:173)
`maintain its dominant role in captur-
`ing the hearts, minds, and eyes of the
`ing the hearts, minds, and eyes of the
`American consumer. In the early
`American consumer. In the early
`nineties, the cable television industry
`nineties, the cable television industry
`faced a double threat: While saturated
`faced a double threat: While saturated
`subscriber markets yielded flattening
`subscriber markets yielded flattening
`revenues, satellite television, sophisti(cid:173)
`revenues, satellite television, sophisti-
`cated computer games, and Internet
`cated computer games, and Internet
`
`··
`
`-
`
`-
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00007
`
`

`

`Message processor
`Message
`,. MAC
`MAC
`MAC
`MAC
`header
`.. message
`header
`message
`processing
`processor
`processing
`processor
`(wilh CRC)
`(with CRC)
`
`Keys
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`CPU interlace
`16
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`Data
`7
`,20
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`------i--t-t+--'"-
`/ 2Address
`'Address
`CPU bus
`CPU bus
`
`•
`t
`Management
`Managemenl
`infomation
`infomation
`block (MIB)
`block (MIB)
`
`m
`
`nee
`" 9
`
`—
`
`U
`
`
`
`Key
`
`Bandwidth
`Bandwidth
`allocation
`*location
`map processor
`map posse
`I Map parser
`I parser
`
`Map
`2=, ~ Upstream
`4
`Dual-port
`~~
`'4". controller
`I
`-~~
`4_,..
`Upstream
`f
`~ BCM3037 ~S~er~ia~I d-at---1a -~~ - - ._ encrypt 7:5
`Upstream
`DES
`•- □
`~,-----~ DES
`_[
`DMA
`heady
`CRC
`header-~
`encrypt
`0
`processor
`Upstream control
`Mum
`Upstream control ~
`—
`L
`T_
`
`spectrum to transmit IP-based
`spectrum to transmit IP-based
`data across hybrid fiber coax-
`data across hybrid fiber coax-
`ial networks. Complex
`ial networks. Complex
`phase/amplitude modulation
`phase/amplitude modulation
` Clock
`Clock
`enables each 6-MHz down-
`Data
`BCM3116 /8
`:;r:!~sc~:~~eT~~:~n~oci:~~
`stream channel to bring data
`or
`Control
`BCM3118
`into subscribers' homes at up
`into subscribers' homes at up
`BCM3118 Control
`to 38 Mbits/s. Depending on ~
`to 38 Mbits/s. Depending on
`the bit rate selected by the op-
`the bit rate selected by the op-
`erator, the shared downstream
`erator, the shared downstream
`channel uses either 64- or 256-
`channel uses either 64- or 256-
`point quadrature-amplitude
`point quadrature-amplitude
`modulation (QAM). While little
`modulation (QAM). While little
`is known about what actual
`is known about what actual
`bandwidth requirements will
`bandwidth requirements will
`be, initial results from field tri(cid:173)
`be, initial results from field tri-
`als suggests that a single chan(cid:173)
`als suggests that a single chan-
`nel will provide groups of 200
`nel will provide groups of 200
`to 1000 subscribers with Inter(cid:173)
`to 1000 subscribers with Inter-
`net access that is substantially
`net access that is substantially
`faster than today's best POTS(cid:173)
`faster than today's best POTS-
`based services.
`based services.
`For communication from the
`For communication from the
`home to headend, DO CSIS
`home to headend, DOCSIS
`uses the 5-to-40-Hz sub-split
`uses the 5-to-40-Hz sub-split
`band as a return path. Using
`band as a return path. Using
`QPSK today, or 16-QAM in sub-
`QPSK today, or 16-QAM in sub(cid:173)
`sequent versions, the upstream
`sequent versions, the upstream
`channel has a theoretical maxi(cid:173)
`channel has a theoretical maxi-
`mum throughput of 10 Mbits/s
`mum throughput of 10 Mbits/s
`(see "Broadband To The Home: Chal(cid:173)
`(see "Broadband To The Home: Chal-
`lenges On the Last Mile," Electronic
`lenges On the Last Mile," Electronic
`Design, Oct. 2, 1995, pp 67-83).
`Design, Oct. 2, 1995, pp 67-83)..
`Since DOCSIS also is intended to
`Since DOCSIS also is intended to
`support IP-based video, provisions
`support IP-based video, provisions
`have been made to support several
`have been made to support several
`levels of quality of service (QoS). This
`levels of quality of service (QoS). This
`
`W,1Jl'jll'jl 1lfl"''"'"t:WU:,,IWU'A'JW :::tlANUAKU:::t·DIUUI \.ADLl:·MUUl:M MAC J
`mudixjanajaliallnijaalial=
`MAC
`
`Downslrea
`Downstream processor
`mp~ MAC
`MAC
`FIFO
`header
`pr~~~:::ng
`processing
`
`PHY
`interlace
`
`Downstrea
`Downstream
`OM mmtkeller
`◄-~m
`DES
`Down-
`DES
`stream
`d
`
`.decrypt "
`CRC
`C
`s
`-
`...., DMA
`
`'***
`
`
`
`
`
`BC~~116 1-::,'_BD.,...at-:-ta ,;-,.LL_i_n:_~v_a~_Je ~
`
`
`
`-- Timing
`
`.
`
`Timing
`recovery
`recovery
`circuit (TAC)
`circuit (TRC)
`L__.
`L _ _
`Serial
`Serial
`programming
`• programming
`interlace
`interlace
`(SPI)
`(SPI)
`
`To
`To
`tuner and
`tuner and
`EEPRDM
`EEPROM
`SPI
`SPI
`bus
`has
`
`Reference
`Reference
`clock
`clock
`
`BCM3037
`
`SRAM
`t_
`
`Clock
`Clock
`Serial data
`Control
`Control
`
`2. The BCM3220 MAC chip incorporates all control, stream-processing, and security functions required for a
`2. The BCM3220 MAC chip incorporates all control, stream-processing, and security functions required for a
`MCNS/DOCSIS-compliant cable modem. A memory-based DMA interface assures efficient data transfers to
`MCNS/D00515-compliant cable modem. A memory-based DMA interface assures efficient data transfers to
`and from the host controller. Both baseline and high-security modes also are supported.
`and from the host controller. Both baseline and high-security modes also are supported.
`
`feature allows it to accommodate both
`feature allows it to accommodate both
`traditional connectionless Internet
`traditional connectionless Internet
`traffic, as well as latency-sensitive
`traffic, as well as latency-sensitive
`multimedia streams. Selectable QoS
`multimedia streams. Selectable QoS
`also will let cable companies offer
`also will let cable companies offer
`tiered services with various guaran(cid:173)
`tiered services with various guaran-
`teed bit rates and levels of latency to
`teed bit rates and levels of latency to
`
`Power
`amplifier
`
`Low-pass
`Low-pass
`filter
`filter
`
`5.65 MHz
`
`Gain
`control
`
`Coax
`Coax
`connector
`connector
`
`Diplex
`Diplex
`filter
`filter
`
`54-860 MHz
`54-860 MHz
`
`RF
`tuner
`
`SAW
`filter
`
`--AGC
`
`Low-pass
`Low-pass
`filter
`filter
`
`BCM3037
`BCM3037
`upstream
`upstream
`QPSK/16-QAM
`QPSK/16-QAM
`modulator
`modulator
`
`Clock
`Clock
`
`Data
`Dat
`
`BCM3220
`BCM3220
`MAC
`MAC
`
`Clock
`Clock
`
`Data
`Data
`
`, BCM3116
`BCM31 6
`: QAM receiver
`DAM receiver
`' with FEC
`with FEC
`
`Microcontroller
`Microcontroller
`with Ethernet MAC
`with Ethernet MAC
`
`-41----4-1 RAM
`
`-4-4 ROM
`
`10Base-T
`10Base-T
`transceiver
`transceiver
`
`RJ45
`RJ45
`connector
`connector
`
`1. A DOCSIS-complianl cable modem receives its data over unused 6-MHz video channels within
`1. A DOCSIS-compliant cable modem receives its data over unused 6-MHz video channels within
`the normal cable spectrum. Upstream traffic is carried back to the system headend in the 5-to-
`the normal cable spectrum. Upstream traffic is carried back to the system headend in the 5-to-
`45-MHz sub-split band. To ensure that the modem will operate properly and not interfere with
`45-MHz sub-split band. To ensure that the modem will operate properly and not interfere with
`other units, both the downstream receiver and upstream modulator/transmitter operate under
`other units, both the downstream receiver and upstream modulator/transmitter operate under
`the control of the BCM3220, or other DOCSIS·compatible MAC.
`the control of the BCM3220, or other DOCSIS-compatible MAC.
`
`70
`
`businesses which need them.
`businesses which need them.
`
`MPEG Everywhere
`MPEG Everywhere
`One interesting aspect of DOCSIS
`One interesting aspect of DOCSIS
`is that it uses MPEG II transport
`is that it uses MPEG II transport
`streams to move IP data. While not es(cid:173)
`streams to move IP data. While not es-
`sential for today's applications, t he
`sential for today's applications, the
`standard's developers were looking
`standard's developers were looking
`toward the future. Today, MPEG en(cid:173)
`toward the future. Today, MPEG en-
`capsulation provides DOCSIS with a
`capsulation provides DOCSIS with a
`reliable, well-defined method of set(cid:173)
`reliable, well-defined method of set-
`ting up multiple channels within a sin(cid:173)
`ting up multiple channels within a sin-
`gle data stream. In the near future,
`gle data stream. In the near future,
`MPEG encapsulation will allow a sin-
`MPEG encapsulation will allow a sin(cid:173)
`gle cable modem to support multiple
`gle cable modem to support multiple
`sessions and multiple users, as well as
`sessions and multiple users, as well as
`delay-sensitive multimedia streams
`delay-sensitive multimedia streams
`for voice or video over IP.
`for voice or video over IP.
`Using MPEG II transport streams
`Using MPEG II transport streams
`also will allow DOCSIS to interoperate
`also will allow DOCSIS to interoperate
`with the Open Cable standard for digi(cid:173)
`with the Open Cable standard for digi-
`tal cable television that is currently un-
`tal cable television that is currently un-
`der development. Open Cable also em-
`' der development. Open Cable also em(cid:173)
`ploys MPEG II transport streams for
`ploys MPEG II transport streams for
`all of its media flows. This feature
`all of its media flows. This featur e
`should greatly simplify traffic switch-
`should greatly simplify traffic switch(cid:173)
`ing and processing within tomorrow's
`ing and processing within tomorrow's
`cable networks
`cable networks
`Although it has some similarities to
`Although it has some similarities to
`the carrier-sense multiple-access/colli-
`the carrier-sense multiple-access/colli(cid:173)
`sion-detect (CSMA/CD) protocol em-
`sion-detect (CSMA/CD) protocol em-
`
`IPR2022-00246 Page 00008
`
`

`

`1G•tl'lfM,rn@i0Mi,111◄ mt,n•tif■ STANDARDS - BASED CABLE-MODEM MACJ
`STANDARDS-BASED CABLE-MODEM MAC
`COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
`
`DOCSIS Security: Baseline Privacy
`DOCSIS Security: Baseline Privacy
`S ecurity for the DOCSIS
`Security for the DOCSIS
`
`'
`'
`'
`
`1byte
`1 byte
`
`'
`'
`'
`
`1byte
`1 byte
`
`'
`'
`'
`
`Type
`Type
`
`LEN
`LEN
`. 3 or 4
`= 3 or 4
`
`KEY_SEQ
`KEY_SE0
`
`Version
`Version
`. 1
`=1
`
`E T
`T
`
`~
`
`2 bytes
`2 bytes
`
`SID
`SID
`
`'
`'
`'
`
`1byte
`1 byte
`
`' ' '
`
`Request
`Request
`(upstream only)
`(upstream only)
`
`Other EH elements
`Other EH elements
`—
`
`BP EH
`BP EH
`element
`element
`(4 to 5 bytes)
`(4 to 5 bytes)
`
`\
`
`""'
`
`I
`-------=====: Encrypted
`
`cable modem system is
`cable modem system is
`divided between an
`divided between an
`elaborate Full-Security
`elaborate Full-Security
`Specification with remov-
`Specification with remov(cid:173)
`able, renewable security
`able, renewable security
`modules, and a low-cost, sim(cid:173)
`modules, and a low-cost, sim-
`pler scheme called Baseline
`pler scheme called Baseline
`Privacy (BPI). BPI is based
`Privacy (BPI). BPI is based
`on full-bodied concepts, be(cid:173)
`on full-bodied concepts, be-
`ginning with the 56-bit Digi(cid:173)
`ginning with the 56-bit Digi-
`tal Encryption Standard
`tal Encryption Standard
`(DES) Cipher Block Chain(cid:173)
`(DES) Cipher Block Chain-
`ing algorithm, yet unbur-
`ing algorithm, yet unbur(cid:173)
`dened by some of the more
`dened by some of the more
`costly and complex security
`costly and complex security
`features of its heavy twin.
`features of its heavy twin.
`All DOCSIS cable modems
`All DOCSIS cable modems
`are required to support BPI,
`are required to support BPI,
`ensuring that basic data pri-
`ensuring that basic data pri-
`: traffic originating from or destined to a particular modem to
`vacy is maintained in the shared cable environment.
`vacy is maintained in the shar