(12) United States Patent
`Christensen et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,688,028 B2
`Apr. 1, 2014
`
`USOO8688028B2
`
`BROADCAST RESPONSE SYSTEM
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,926,255 A
`5,134,719 A
`
`5/1990 Von Kohorn
`7, 1992 Mankovitz
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`CA
`DE
`
`7, 1999
`2316925
`2, 1996
`44.27 046 A1
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Australian App. No. 2007 200471, including its prosecution history,
`and the Office Actions mailed on Oct. 15, 2008 and Jan. 12, 2009.
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner — Ajibola Akinyemi
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Knobbe Martens Olson &
`Bear LLP
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`Abroadcast response system provides, e.g., a radio broadcast
`listener with the ability to obtain media content such as music
`or speech while listening to the radio. The user can respond to
`items in the radio broadcast such as advertisements, fund
`raising drives, or interactive listener polls during the broad
`cast. Data Such as song title and artist, author or publisher and
`the IP address for the location where the digital version of the
`content is stored, can be transmitted using, e.g., the RBDS/
`RDS data stream. A reference number representing Song title
`and artist, author or publisher and the IP address for the
`location where the digital version of the content is stored can
`also be employed for ease of implementation. This reference
`number can reside in a lookup table to be accessed by broad
`cast response server.
`
`20 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets
`
`SONG TITLE/ARTISTACUT
`NUMBER INFORMATON
`SERIAL BATA
`
`af
`
`(54)
`(71)
`(72)
`
`(73)
`(*)
`
`(21)
`(22)
`(65)
`
`(63)
`
`(60)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`Applicant: Stratos Audio, Inc., Kirkland, WA (US)
`Inventors: Kelly M. Christensen, Mill Creek, WA
`(US); Barry D. Thomas, West Hills, CA
`(US); Thomas J. Smyth, North
`Hollywood, CA (US)
`
`Assignee: Stratos Audio, Inc., Kirkland, WA (US)
`Notice:
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`Appl. No.: 13/889,176
`Filed:
`May 7, 2013
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2013/0309960 A1
`Nov. 21, 2013
`Related U.S. Application Data
`Continuation of application No. 11/562,300, filed on
`Nov. 21, 2006, now Pat. No. 8,467,724, which is a
`continuation of application No. 1 1/203.556, filed on
`Aug. 12, 2005, now Pat. No. 7,773.939, which is a
`continuation of application No. 09/953,335, filed on
`Sep. 13, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,957,041.
`Provisional application No. 60/232.333, filed on Sep.
`13, 2000.
`
`Int. C.
`H04H 40/00
`U.S. C.
`USPC ................ 455/3.06; 725/32; 725/34; 725/36;
`725/58
`
`(2008.01)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC ......................................................... 455/3.06
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`NCRYPTE DATA - NTERNET OR
`EDCATED DATA LINK
`
`RADIO
`AUTOMAION
`OR CD
`PLAYBACK
`SYSTEM
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`fa
`
`AUDO
`DATABASE
`ENCODNG
`SRWR
`(PROPRIETARY)
`
`SERVER COMPARES CU
`INFORMATION WITH WAL
`DATABASE OF AWAILABLE
`AUDO, FORMATS DATA AND
`SENDS IT TO REDS
`ENCODER THE SAE
`INFORMATION IS
`LOA
`PURCHASE DATABASE
`SeRWER
`
`ENCRYPTE DATA - INTERNET OR
`DEDICAED DAA LINK
`
`
`
`NCRYPTED ATA - NERNET OR
`DEDCATE) DATA LINK
`
`SERAL DAA
`
`RBS ENCODER
`
`57 kHz REDS SUBCARRIER
`
`Sea
`
`RAD RECEIVER
`
`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 1
`
`

`

`US 8,688,028 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
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`
`DE
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`s
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`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 1, 2014
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`Sheet 1 of 6
`
`US 8,688,028 B2
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`
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`
`
`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 1, 2014
`Apr.1, 2014
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`Sheet 2 of 6
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`US 8,688,028 B2
`US 8,688,028 B2
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`Petitioner
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`Ex. 1001 - Page 4
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`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 4
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`US 8,688,028 B2
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`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 5
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`Apr. 1, 2014
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`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 6
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`U.S. Patent
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`Apr.1, 2014
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`US 8,688,028 B2
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`Ex. 1001 - Page 7
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`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 7
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
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`Apr. 1, 2014
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`Sheet 6 of 6
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`US 8,688,028 B2
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`Ex. 1001 - Page 8
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`
`

`

`1.
`BROADCAST RESPONSE SYSTEM
`
`US 8,688,028 B2
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a continuation of U.S. patent applica
`tion Ser. No. 11/562,300, titled BROADCAST RESPONSE
`SYSTEM, filed Nov. 21, 2006, which is a continuation of
`U.S. patent application Ser. No. 1 1/203,556, titled BROAD
`CAST RESPONSE SYSTEM, filed Aug. 12, 2005, which is
`10
`a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/953,335,
`titled SYSTEMAND METHOD FOR ORDERING AND
`DELIVERING MEDIA CONTENT, filed Sep. 13, 2001,
`which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.
`60/232,333, titled SYSTEMAND METHOD FOR ORDER
`15
`ING AND DELIVERING MEDIA CONTENT, filed Sep. 13,
`2000. Each of the foregoing applications is hereby incorpo
`rated by reference in its entirety.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`2
`from the transmitting station’s call letters. Block 2 includes a
`4-bit type code and a 1-bit group version code which identi
`fies the type of information the data group contains. This
`block also contains a 1-bit code that identifies the transmitting
`station as one that broadcasts traffic information, followed by
`a 5-bit Program Type (PTY) code which describes the current
`program or format being broadcast by the station (Rock,
`Oldies, Talk, News, etc.). Information contained in Blocks 3
`and 4 are dependent on the codes included in Block 2. Blocks
`3 and 4 provide two 16-bit data slots where specific informa
`tion can be sent to the special receiver.
`For example, RBDS Group types 2A, use blocks 3 and 4 to
`transmit a 64-character text message known as RadioText
`(RT). This appears on RBDS-enabled radios as a scrolling
`message which some stations use to identify the song or
`program being broadcasted. Other group types use these
`blocks to identify alternate frequencies where the same pro
`gramming can be available, in-house station text messages, or
`Emergency Alert System (EAS) communication messages.
`An extensive description of the RBDS standard is available
`through the National Association of Broadcasters and the
`National Radio Systems Committee.
`A similar standard used in Europe is the European Radio
`Data System (RDS).
`Broadcasters using the RBDS standard can distribute infor
`mation to a large number of users. However, the standard does
`not allow individual users to respond to the broadcast infor
`mation.
`Currently, users listening to the radio or watching televi
`sion may particularly like a song or program that they would
`like to purchase. While stations using RBDS/RDS may pro
`vide a user with the station call letters or the name of the song
`currently being broadcast, the user has no way to purchase the
`media at that point. Instead, the user must write down or
`remember the identifying information and then go to a store
`or online retailer to purchase the media. Not only is this
`inconvenient, but the user may forget the name of the song or
`not be able to find a store that sells the song. Additionally, the
`information provided by the radio station may not be enough
`to sufficiently identify the song. For example, the user may
`have the Song title, but not the artist name, album name, or
`other necessary identifying information. Some material. Such
`as editorial news broadcasts or live events, may not be avail
`able for purchase or may be difficult to find. Radio stations
`often have fund raising drives or listener Surveys that require
`a listener to call the station or respond within a limited time.
`These same problems also apply to television and otherforms
`of broadcast media.
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`1. Field
`This invention relates to processing responses to a broad
`CaSt.
`2. Description
`From the early days of FM broadcast transmission, stations
`have included ancillary signals such as background music or
`reading services for the blindalong with a main carrier signal.
`The idea of transmitting data along with the main carrier
`signal caught on, and now many broadcast radio services
`either transmit an ancillary data signal or are developing a
`method to do so. The most current and widely used data
`transmission standard is the United States Radio Broadcast
`Data Systems (“RBDS”) standard.
`The RBDS standard, published by the National Radio Sys
`tems Committee and sponsored by the Electronics Industry
`Association and the National Association of Broadcasters,
`describes a system for broadcasting a variety of program
`related information on a subcarrier of a standard FM broad
`cast channel. The RBDS standard teaches a system for trans
`mitting station identification and location information, as
`well as time, traffic and miscellaneous other information.
`The RBDS standard was designed to allow stations to send
`information Such as call letters, station format, traffic alerts
`and scrolling text messages to compatible radios.
`Many stations installed RBDS encoders through a program
`encouraged by the FCC in the early 1990s that provided
`encoders at no charge. Radio stations that did not participate
`in this "RBDS Roll-Out' can still obtain encoders at com
`petitive prices.
`50
`RBDS encoders generate what is known as a “subcarrier'
`that modulates along with an FM station broadcast signal and
`can be demodulated by special decoders. The RBDS uses a
`subcarrier frequency of 57 khz. Commercially available
`RBDS encoders usually accept information via either serial
`or parallel data ports and format the information into the
`appropriate RBDS block type.
`The RBDS data signal is a specially encoded text stream
`containing up to 32 repeating data “groups' transmitting at
`1187.5 bits/second. The RBDS data signal does not require
`inclusion of all potential data group blocks of both repeating
`and unique data. One embodiment includes using one of
`several groups that are designed for data transmission func
`tions.
`An RBDS data group is composed of 4 blocks, each
`divided by checkwords used for error correction. Block 1 is a
`4-digit Program Identification code (PI) which is derived
`
`SUMMARY
`
`The present invention solves these and other problems by
`providing a system that allows an individual user to respond
`to a data broadcast. In one embodiment, an Automatic Pur
`chase System (APS) provides a radio broadcast listener with
`the ability to conveniently purchase media content Such as
`music or speech while listening to the radio. Additionally, the
`user can respond to items in the radio broadcast Such as
`advertisements, fund raising drives such as those conducted
`by public radio, or interactive listener polls during the broad
`CaSt.
`In one embodiment, the user establishes a “Creative con
`tent purchasing account with a wireless carrier. In one
`embodiment, a personal URL (web address) is assigned to the
`user to allow the user, for example, to monitor account activ
`ity, enable or disable APS software downloads, display pre
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 9
`
`

`

`US 8,688,028 B2
`
`3
`miums offered by sponsors, and manage and track content or
`APS purchases using a Technology Enabled Radio (TER) or
`a personal computer.
`In one embodiment, the user makes routing choices
`between the TER or the web account for content. In one
`embodiment, the user selects the compression type. Such as
`MP3, RA, Liquid Audio etc.
`In one embodiment, each broadcaster has an RBDS/RDS
`or similar technology enabled server onsite to, for example,
`generate RBDS/RDS or equivalent code for inclusion in the
`broadcast, validate and route purchase information to the
`users wireless carrier for billing, monitor online sales trans
`actions for data mining, or route validated purchases to
`licensed creative content providers.
`In one embodiment, radio hardware can include, for
`example, RBDS/RDS or equivalent decoder capability (e.g.,
`in an internal chip with APS code); flash card slot and record
`ing ability; or storage of multiple items such as artist name,
`song title, IP address of creative content provider, and time
`stamp for delayed purchase (e.g., in an internal chip with APS
`code).
`In one embodiment, the system uses the RBDS/RDS to
`send a data stream in combination with a broadcast signal for
`identifying music or speech content available for purchase. A
`25
`broadcast organization participating in the APS system is able
`to respond to requests for purchases placed by users who
`either click a button or issue a voice command to the radio at
`the time of the content was broadcast, at a later time by
`scrolling through the playlist stored in the APS module in the
`radio then selecting one or more items for purchase from the
`list stored in the radio, or by accessing a private web account
`via the Internet and downloading content to the personal
`computer. In one embodiment, purchases are made by saving
`requests for selected items for purchase on a flash card or
`storage technology and transferring that data to a personal
`computer for purchase through the Internet at a later time.
`Data such as Song title and artist, author or publisher and
`the IP address for the location where the digital version of the
`content is stored, can be transmitted using the RBDS/RDS
`data stream. A reference number representing song title and
`artist, author or publisher and the IP address for the location
`where the digital version of the content is stored can also be
`employed for ease of implementation. This reference number
`can reside in a lookup table to be accessed by the APS server
`software on a Data Server located at the broadcast site, a
`remote site or both for purposes of redundancy. Transmission
`of purchase requests from a Technology Enabled Radio
`(TER) is provided via wireless transmission, or by accessing
`the Internet using a personal computer or through a cellular or
`wireless phone. In one embodiment, activity of each sale
`using the above system is tracked for the purposes of aggre
`gating data or "Data Mining for sale to interested parties
`Such as trade publications and record companies.
`Portable radios can come equipped with a voice interface
`or a purchase button, a flash card or storage device and a port
`for connecting the radio to the personal computer Such as a 9
`pin serial, USB or wireless networking technology.
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`FIG.3 illustrates a television adapter that includes an auto
`matic purchasing system module.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`The present invention solves various problems in the prior
`art by providing a system that allows an individual user to
`respond to a data broadcast. In one embodiment, an Auto
`matic Purchase System (APS) provides a radio broadcast
`listener with the ability to conveniently purchase media con
`tent Such as music or speech while listening to the radio.
`Additionally, the user can respond to items in the radio broad
`cast Such as advertisements, fund raising drives such as those
`conducted by public radio, or interactive listener polls during
`the broadcast.
`One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that there are
`various forms of media that can be broadcast. Where a spe
`cific type of media is used in the following examples, it is for
`demonstration purposes only and the examples should not be
`limited in that regard. Some examples of the various types of
`media can include music, Songs, speech, text, video, etc.
`FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a system that allows
`a user to respond to a data broadcast. FIG. 1 shows a radio
`station 140 that broadcasts information to a radio receiver
`100. The radio receiver 100 has a control interface 116 that
`allows a user to initiate a purchase of music or products based
`on the radio station broadcast.
`The terms RBDS/RDS are used throughout this document,
`but it should be understood other data standards can also be
`used. In one embodiment, the radio receiver 100 comprises a
`Radio Frequency (RF) Demodulator Section 102, a RBDS/
`RDS Decoder 106, a RBDS/RDS function control interpreter
`104, an audio demodulator amplifier section 108, a scrolling
`display 110, an Internet Download Director 112, a local
`memory device 114 and the control interface 116. Addition
`ally, the receiver 100 provides for audio output by transmit
`ting an audio signal 128 from an audio demodulator amplifier
`section 108 to the speaker 118.
`In one embodiment, the RF Demodulator Section 102
`splits the signal into an audio signal and a data signal, with the
`data signal provided to the RBDS/RDS decoder 106 and the
`audio signal provided to the audio demodulator amplifier
`section 108. The RBDS/RDS decoder 106 parses the data
`signal from the RF Demodulator Section 102 and transmits
`the data to the RBDS/RDS Function Controller 104, the
`Scrolling Display 110, and the Internet Download Director
`112.
`The RBDS/RDS Function Controller 104 handles codes
`124 sent using the RBDS/RDS standard. The codes 124 can,
`for example, include a Program Service name (PS), a Pro
`gram Type (PTY), a Program Identification (PI), a Traffic
`Program (TP), a Traffic Announcement (TA), etc.
`In one embodiment, the data is converted to an audio signal
`played on one or more speakers for the user to hear. A 64
`character radio text message can be transmitted in five sec
`onds under the RBDS standard, where a Type 2A group with
`4 characters is transmitted 3.2 times a second.
`In one embodiment, a pointerto an OpenDataApplications
`(ODA) group is transmitted in a Type 3A group. The pointer,
`16 message bits and 16 bit identifier (AID) are transmitted
`once a second.
`In one embodiment, an ODA group with 37 usable bits is
`transmitted once a second during the broadcast of a "tagged”
`program. The ODA group can contain, for example, a song or
`commercial campaign identification.
`In one embodiment, the scrolling display 110 receives
`display data 122 from the RBDS/RDS Decoder 106. The
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1, comprising FIGS. 1A through 1D, illustrates an
`electronic purchasing system with a radio station that broad
`casts information to individual radio receivers.
`FIG. 2 illustrates a radio receiver that includes an automatic
`purchasing system module.
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`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 10
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`US 8,688,028 B2
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`display data 122 can include information Such as the program
`service name and program type, or it can include radio text
`information or messages displaying purchase options.
`Additionally, the RBDS/RDS Decoder 106 provides data
`to the Internet Download Director 112 that includes instruc
`tions for the location of downloadable audio. For example, a
`radio station 140 can broadcast data regarding the current
`Song that is playing, such as the Song name, artist, album
`name, and year the song was recorded. The radio station 140
`can also broadcast information providing a location where the
`Song, editorial news broadcast, collection of Songs, or other
`program material can be downloaded or purchased, and the
`purchase price for the Song.
`In one embodiment, a user can place an order to download
`a song using the control interface 116. The control interface
`116 provides a download command signal 126 to the Internet
`Download Director 112. The Internet Download Director 112
`can then provide download instructions such as, for example,
`the location of the file for download and the security proce
`dures required for access. The download information is then
`transmitted over, for example, a wireless internet connection
`156 to the authentication and billing system 152. The authen
`tication and billing system 152 verifies the customer infor
`mation and determines whether the customer account can be
`debited for the cost of the order. The authentication and bill
`ing system 152 then provides an approval signal 168 indicat
`ing whether the purchase was approved. The approval signal
`168 is transmitted to the purchase database server 150.
`Once the purchase is approved, the purchase database
`server 150 provides purchase and download authorization to
`the download server 154. The download server 154 can then
`transmit the requested material over a network connection
`158. In one embodiment, the material is transmitted using a
`wireless internet connection directly to the radio receiver 100.
`In another embodiment, the material is made available to a
`personal computer. In one embodiment, the material is sent
`using traditional mail or parcel services. The download server
`154 also communicates with the audio database and encoding
`server 144 to provide available sound database information
`164.
`40
`The radio station 140 includes a radio automation or CD
`playback system 142, an audio database? encoding server 144,
`an FM transmission system 146 and a RBDS/RDS encoder
`148. The radio automation or CD playback system 142 can
`extract information about songs or a radio program from the
`45
`station playlist or by extracting information encoded on a CD
`or a CD-ROM. The playlist information is provided to the
`audio database and coding server 144. The playlist informa
`tion can include the song title, artist, cut or other information.
`The audio database? encoding server 144 matches the infor
`mation sent from the radio automation system 142 with infor
`mation in the database. If there is an audio file available for
`download, the database/encoding server 144 formats the
`download information and sends it to the RBDS/RDS
`encoder 148. Corresponding information is uploaded to the
`purchase database server 150.
`The RBDS/RDS encoder 148 transmits the RBDS/RDS
`information using the 57 khz RBDS/RDS subcarrier 170 to
`the FM transmission system 146. The RBDS/RDS subcarrier
`signal 170 is mixed by the FM transmission system 146 with
`the FM baseband program signal 172 and any other subcar
`riers. The FM transmission system 146 then transmits an FM
`RF signal 162 which is received by the radio receiver 100.
`As shown in FIG. 1, a radio station 140, using either a
`standard radio automation system for tracking of music con
`tent which is being broadcast, or a data-enabled audio player,
`broadcasts audio material and synchronously sends RBDS/
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`RDS or similar data to an APS server 144 that assigns a unique
`identifier to each specific broadcast segment or song.
`The APS server 144 compares the broadcast segment iden
`tifier with a database 150 of audio available for purchase. If
`the broadcasted audio is available, the APS server 144 incor
`porates Station call letter information, and an audio download
`location Such as IP address and a file name into a data stream
`that is inserted into a radio station's broadcast using RBDS/
`RDS or similar technology. The information identifying the
`audio selected by the listener or user is routed to the APS Data
`Server and passed on to the location where a digital version of
`the audio content is stored and available for transfer to the end
`user. The user's radio receiver 100 receives and recognizes
`the encoded RBDS/RDS or other data and presents it on the
`radio display 110 notifying the user that the audio is available
`for purchase.
`If the user elects to purchase the audio content or responds
`to an ad or "pledge' drive, a request including the stations
`data and the user's cell phone or wireless Electronic Serial
`Number (ESN) or other identifier, such as a credit card num
`ber, combined with the audio content information is issued by
`the radio and passed via the cellular or wireless phone trans
`mission to the APS Data Server and finally routed to the
`Source server at the record company, publisher or licensed
`content provider. If a 'good connection is not available using
`the wireless connection, or the user does not have a wireless
`account, the information can be stored on the internal flash
`card or other storage device 114 in the radio for transfer to a
`personal computer at a time of the user's choosing.
`Each server typically records the purchase or response
`information. The storage server 154 at a source location then
`uploads the requested audio to the routing address associated
`with the user's cell phone account identifier. The user's
`receiver 100 then saves the audio on internal memory or a
`removable memory device or holds the audio content until the
`user chooses to download it using the Internet.
`One embodiment includes the use of several group types
`reserved for “open data applications” by the RBDS/RDS
`standard. These groups were designed for use with data appli
`cations and are readily available for use.
`FIG. 2 shows one example of a technology enabled radio
`200. The radio 200 includes a module 202 for the Automatic
`Purchase System. In one embodiment, the APS provides rela
`tively quick delivery of the purchased material. In one
`embodiment, quick delivery is provided by wireless transmis
`sion Such that the user can receive the purchased material
`while traveling. In one embodiment, the system also provides
`delayed delivery, when, for example: the user so chooses; the
`user does not have a wireless account; or the user cannot
`obtain a good signal with a wireless connection for transmis
`S1O.
`In one embodiment, the radio 200 contains an APS module
`202 configured to store identifier data 204, to provide security
`functions, and to assist in routing selections made by the user
`(using either a voice command issued to Voice recognition
`technology 214 contained in the radio or by the press of a
`button 212 on the radio interface). In one embodiment, the
`APS module 202 is a proprietary microchip (or portion of a
`microchip) that implements the radio receiver-side functions
`of the APS. In one embodiment, the APS module 202 is a
`software module that runs on a processor in the radio 200.
`The audio content can also be “tagged' for delayed pur
`chase at a later time by scrolling through the playlist 208
`stored in the APS module 202 on the radio 200 and presented
`on the external display 210 of the radio 200. The user can then
`select one or more items for purchase from the list presented
`on the display 210 (stored in the APS module 202 in the
`
`Petitioner
`Ex. 1001 - Page 11
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`7
`radio). In one embodiment, the selected items are transmitted
`using a wireless transmitter 218 such as a wireless telephone.
`In another embodiment, a user can store the playlist 208 on
`removable memory 220 that is readable by a personal com
`puter 240. The user can then access a private web account via
`the Internet for downloading the content to the personal com
`puter 240. At this point, the user can transfer the downloaded
`content to a storage device 242 Such as, for example, a flash
`card or CD-ROM.
`Non-automotive or portable radios containing the APS
`module 202 can also include either a voice interface 214, an
`interactive bu