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`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`EASTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
`MARSHALL DIVISION
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`BRIGHT DATA LTD.
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`Plaintiff,
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`v.
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`TEFINCOM S.A. D/B/A NORDVPN
`Defendant.
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`Case No. 2:19-cv-00414-JRG
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`PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT ON CERTAIN
`INVALIDITY GROUNDS
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`Data Co Exhibit 1075
`Data Co v. Bright Data
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 2 of 11 PageID #: 5234
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`I. STATEMENT OF ISSUES TO BE DECIDED BY THE COURT ................................... 1
`II. STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED FACTS (“SUF”) ......................................................... 2
`III. LEGAL STANDARD ............................................................................................................ 3
`IV. ARGUMENT ......................................................................................................................... 5
`V. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................... 6
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`i
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 3 of 11 PageID #: 5235
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`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
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`Cases
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`Affinity Labs of Tex., LLC v. Ford Motor Co., No. 1-12-CV-580, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 186738
`(E.D. Tex. Aug. 21, 2014) ........................................................................................................... 5
`
`Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242 (1986) ................................................................... 4
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`Apple Comput., Inc. v. Articulate Sys., Inc., 234 F.3d 14 (Fed. Cir. 2000) .................................... 4
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`Barrett v. Atl. Richfield Co., 95 F.3d 375 (5th Cir. 1996) .............................................................. 6
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`Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317 (1986) ............................................................................... 4
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`Eli Lilly & Co. v. Barr Labs., Inc., 251 F.3d 955 (Fed. Cir. 2001)............................................. 4, 6
`
`MEMC Elec. Materials, Inc. v. Mitsubishi Materials Silicon Corp., 248 F. App’x 199 (Fed. Cir.
`2007)............................................................................................................................................ 6
`
`Microsoft Corp. v. i4i Ltd. P’ship, 564 U.S. 91 (2011) .................................................................. 4
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`Mobile Telcomms. Techs., LLC v. LG Elecs. Mobilecomm U.S.A., Inc., No. 2:13-cv-947-JRG-
`RSP, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 92532 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 4, 2016) ................................................... 5
`
`O2 Micro Int’l Ltd. v. Beyond Innovation Tech. Co., 521 F.3d 1351 (Fed. Cir. 2008) .................. 4
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`SimpleAir, Inc. v. Google Inc., No. 2:14-CV-11, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 135915 (E.D. Tex. Oct.
`5, 2015)........................................................................................................................................ 4
`
`ii
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 4 of 11 PageID #: 5236
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`Pursuant to Rule 56, Plaintiff respectfully moves for partial summary judgment of no
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`invalidity of U.S. Patent Nos. 10,257,319 (the “’319 Patent), 10,484,510 (the “’510 Patent”),
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`10,484,511 (the “’511 Patent”), 10,469,614 (the “’614 Patent”), and 10,637,968 (the “’968
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`Patent”) (collectively, the “Patents-in-Suit”) with regard to the following grounds:
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`a) lack of patent eligibility under 35 U.S.C. § 101.
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`b) anticipation/obviousness of the ’319 Patent based on Crowds;
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`c) anticipation/obviousness of the ’510 Patent based on Crowds;
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`d) anticipation/obviousness of the ’511 Patent based on Crowds;
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`e) anticipation/obviousness of the ’319 Patent based on MorphMix;
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`f) anticipation/obviousness of the ’510 Patent based on MorphMix;
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`g) anticipation/obviousness of the ’614 Patent based on MorphMix; and
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`h) anticipation/obviousness of the ’968 Patent based on MorphMix
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`As addressed separately in Plaintiff’s Motion to Strike Certain Invalidity Opinions of
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`Expert Dr. Michael J. Freedman (“Motion to Strike”), Defendant has not provided an expert
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`opinion sufficient to support the above grounds for invalidity. To the extent that the Motion to
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`Strike is granted, there is no genuine dispute of material fact as to invalidity on the above grounds
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`and Bright Data respectfully requests that summary judgment of no invalidity be granted.
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`I.
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`STATEMENT OF ISSUES TO BE DECIDED BY THE COURT
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`1.
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`Whether the Court should grant summary judgment as to lack of patent eligibility
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`under 35 U.S.C. § 101 of the asserted claims of the ’319, ’510, ’511,’614 and ’968 Patents.
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`2.
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`Whether the Court should grant summary judgment as to anticipation/obviousness
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`of the asserted claims of the ’319, ’510, and/or ’511 Patents based on Crowds: Anonymity for
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`Web Transactions (“Crowds”) if the Court grants Plaintiff’s concurrently filed Motion to Strike.
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`3.
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`Whether the Court should grant summary judgment as to anticipation/obviousness
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`1
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 5 of 11 PageID #: 5237
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`of the asserted claims of the ’319, ’510,’614, and/or ’968 Patents based on MorphMix – A Peer-
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`to-Peer-based System for Anonymous Internet Access (“MorphMix”) if the Court grants
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`Plaintiff’s concurrently filed Motion to Strike.
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`II.
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`STATEMENT OF UNDISPUTED FACTS (“SUF”)
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`SUF 1:
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`Defendant relies upon the opinions of Dr. Freedman for its invalidity and
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`obviousness claims against the Patents-in-Suit and Defendant has not served an invalidity report
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`from any other expert.
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`SUF 2:
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`Dr. Freedman provided an opinion that the asserted claims of the ’511 and
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`’968 Patents are invalid as unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 101. Ex. A, Freedman Report, ¶¶ 484-
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`496.
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`SUF 3:
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`Dr. Freedman provided an opinion that all dependent claims of the ’510 and
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`’614 Patents are invalid as unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 101, but did not provide an opinion that
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`the independent claims of the ’510 and ’614 Patents are invalid under 35 U.S.C. § 101. Id.
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`Dr. Freedman did not provide an opinion that any of the ’319 Patent claims are invalid under 35
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`U.S.C. § 101. Id.
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`SUF 4:
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`The Court issued an order denying Defendant’s Rule 12(b)(6) Motion to
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`Dismiss Amended Complaint (“Motion to Dismiss”), which asserted invalidity of the Patents-in-
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`Suit under 35 U.S.C. § 101. Ex. B, Dkt. No. 84. In its order, the Court incorporated the reasoning
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`from its orders denying 101 invalidity for the same patents in the cases of Bright Data Ltd. v. Teso
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`lt, UAB et al., No. 2:19-cv-395, Dkt. No. 303 (E.D. Tex. Dec. 30, 2020) (Teso Action Order, Ex.
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`C) and Bright Data Ltd. v. Code200, UAB et al., No. 2:19-cv-396, Dkr. No. 98 (E.D. Tex. Dec.
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`30, 2020) (Code200 Action Order, Ex. D) explaining:
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`[T]he method claims of the ’319, ’510, and ’614 Patents, “while including generic
`computers and common Internet communication protocols, recite a broader
`network that is itself the claimed improvement. Rather than a mere categorization
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`2
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 6 of 11 PageID #: 5238
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`of data, the pairing of servers and peer-proxies describes a network structure that
`improves the ability of those actors to communicate.”
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`[T]hat the claims of the ’511 and ’968 Patents include “an architecture comprised
`of a clients, servers, and web servers configured into an architecture to facilitate
`providing requested content using an IP address that is selected from a group of IP
`addresses and used to fetch the content.” Accordingly, the Court found that the
`claims of the ’511 and ’968 Patents “embody technology-based solutions that
`improve the performance of networks,” clearing the hurdle established by Alice
`Step One..
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`Accordingly, the Court finds that the Asserted Claims are not directed to an abstract
`concept under Alice Step One, and the Court need not reach Alice Step Two.
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`Order (Dkt. No. 84) at 4-5 (emphases added, internal citations omitted)
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`SUF 5:
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`Plaintiff’s Motion to Strike filed concurrently herewith moves to strike
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`Dr. Freedman’s opinion in SUF Nos. 2-3.
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`SUF 6:
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`Dr. Freedman provided an opinion that the Crowds reference anticipates
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`and/or renders obvious the ’319 Patent, ’510 Patent, and ’511 Patent. Ex. A, Freedman Report
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`¶¶ 112-143, Appx. A, E, M.
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`SUF 7:
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`Plaintiff’s Motion to Strike filed concurrently herewith moves to strike
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`Dr. Freedman’s opinion in SUF No. 6.
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`SUF 8:
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`Dr. Freedman provided an opinion that the MorphMix reference anticipates
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`and/or renders obvious the ’319 Patent, ’510 Patent,’614 Patent and ’968 Patent. Ex. A, Freedman
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`Report, ¶¶ 144-168, Appx. B, F, N.
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`SUF 9:
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`Plaintiff’s Motion to Strike filed concurrently herewith seeks to strike
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`Dr. Freedman’s opinion in SUF No. 8.
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`III. LEGAL STANDARD
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`Summary judgment should be rendered if the pleadings and materials show that there is no
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`genuine issue as to any material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as matter of law.
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`Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). In order to prevail, a party moving for summary judgment must show the
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`3
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 7 of 11 PageID #: 5239
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`absence of a genuine issue of material fact with respect to an essential element of the non-moving
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`party’s claim. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986). Once the movant has made this
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`showing, the burden then shifts to the party opposing summary judgment to designate specific
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`facts showing there is a genuine issue for trial. Id. at 324. To survive a motion for summary
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`judgment, the nonmovant must show that there are genuine factual issues that can only be resolved
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`by the trier of fact. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 250 (1986).
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`Patents are presumed valid. Microsoft Corp. v. i4i Ltd. P’ship, 564 U.S. 91, 95 (2011).
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`Therefore, “[o]ne attacking the validity of a patent must present clear and convincing evidence
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`establishing facts that lead to the legal conclusion of invalidity.” Apple Comput., Inc. v. Articulate
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`Sys., Inc., 234 F.3d 14, 26 (Fed. Cir. 2000). At summary judgment, “a moving party seeking to
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`have a patent held not invalid . . . must show that the nonmoving party, who bears the burden of
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`proof at trial, failed to produce clear and convincing evidence on an essential element of a defense
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`upon which a reasonable jury could invalidate the patent.” Eli Lilly & Co. v. Barr Labs., Inc., 251
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`F.3d 955, 962 (Fed. Cir. 2001).
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`Claim Construction
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`Expert witnesses are prohibited from arguing claim scope to the jury. See O2 Micro Int’l
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`Ltd. v. Beyond Innovation Tech. Co., 521 F.3d 1351, 1361-1362 (Fed. Cir. 2008) (holding that it
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`was improper for the district court to submit a dispute over the ‘ordinary meaning’ of a claim term
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`to the jury). Expert witnesses may not add limitations beyond the Court’s express constructions,
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`“interpret” the Court’s constructions, or reargue claim construction positions the Court has already
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`rejected. SimpleAir, Inc. v. Google Inc., No. 2:14-CV-11, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 135915 (E.D.
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`Tex. Oct. 5, 2015) (Memorandum Opinion and Order, Dkt. No. 322 at 5). (granting motion to
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`strike expert opinion that relied upon “an assumption [that was] contrary to the Court’s claim
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`4
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 8 of 11 PageID #: 5240
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`construction order.”); see also Mobile Telcomms. Techs., LLC v. LG Elecs. Mobilecomm U.S.A.,
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`Inc., No. 2:13-cv-947-JRG-RSP, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 92532, at *8-10 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 4, 2016)
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`(granting motion to strike portions of expert testimony that were inconsistent with the court’s claim
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`construction order); Affinity Labs of Tex., LLC v. Ford Motor Co., No. 1-12-CV-580, 2014 U.S.
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`Dist. LEXIS 186738, at *5 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 21, 2014) (“Expert testimony regarding claim
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`construction is not admissible.”) (citations omitted).
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`IV. ARGUMENT
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`Defendant relies upon Dr. Freedman to support Defendant’s claim of invalidity on the
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`grounds of patent ineligibility under 35 U.S.C. § 101 and anticipation and obviousness under 35
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`U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103 with regard to the Crowds and MorphMix references. SUF 1-4, 6 and 8.
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`Bright Data filed the Motion to Strike to strike those same opinions from Dr. Freedman. SUF 5, 7
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`and 9.
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`In summary, Bright Data moved to strike Dr. Freedman’s patent ineligibility opinion
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`because (a) he only provided a patent eligibility opinion with regard to the dependent claims, but
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`no opinion regarding the independent claims, of the ’510 and ’614 Patents and no opinion
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`regarding any claim of the ’319 Patent (SUF 3), (b) he provided no opinion regarding the
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`abstractness of the ’511 and ’968 that the Court has not already rejected in its September 24, 2021
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`Order denying the motion to dismiss (SUF 2 and 4). In addition, in the Motion to Strike, Bright
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`Data moved to strike Dr. Freedman’s opinions regarding Crowds, because Dr. Freedman
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`impermissibly treats the disclosed “jondos” of Crowds as interchangeable computers without
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`consideration of the Court’s Claim Construction Orders. SUF 7. Similarly, Bright Data moved to
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`strike Dr. Freedman’s opinions regarding MorphMix, because Dr. Freedman impermissibly treats
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`the disclosed “nodes” of MorphMix as interchangeable computers without consideration of the
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`Court’s Claim Construction Orders. SUF 9.
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`5
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 9 of 11 PageID #: 5241
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`To the extent that the Motion to Strike is granted, Dr. Freedman will be precluded from
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`offering these opinions and there will be no genuine issues of material fact in dispute. See Barrett
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`v. Atl. Richfield Co., 95 F.3d 375, 383 (5th Cir. 1996) (summary judgment may follow a Daubert
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`exclusion when the plaintiff has no other admissible evidence on an issue); MEMC Elec. Materials,
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`Inc. v. Mitsubishi Materials Silicon Corp., 248 F. App’x 199, 203 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (affirming the
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`district court’s grant of summary judgment to accused infringer when patentee’s expert report was
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`properly excluded leaving no genuine issues of material fact on the issue of infringement). As the
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`Patents-in-Suit are presumed valid and Defendant has the burden of proof, summary judgment of
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`no invalidity on the grounds granted in the Motion to Strike is warranted. Eli Lilly & Co. v. Barr
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`Labs., Inc., 251 F.3d 955, 962 (Fed. Cir. 2001).
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`V.
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`CONCLUSION
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`Bright Data respectfully requests that the Court grant summary judgment of no invalidity
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`with regard to (a) the asserted claims of the Patents-in-Suit under 35 U.S.C. § 101, (b) the asserted
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`claims of the ’319, ’510, and ’511 Patents under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103 based on Crowds; and
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`(c) the asserted claims of the ’319, ’510, ’614, and ’968 Patents under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103
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`based on MorphMix.
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`Dated: September 27, 2021
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`Respectfully submitted,
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`By: Ronald Wielkopolski
`J. Mark Mann
`State Bar No. 12926150
`mark@themannfirm.com
`G. Blake Thompson
`State Bar No. 24042033
`blake@themannfirm.com
`MANN | TINDEL | THOMPSON
`300 West Main Street
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`6
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 10 of 11 PageID #: 5242
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`Henderson, Texas 75652
`(903) 657-8540
`(903) 657-6003 (fax)
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`S. Calvin Capshaw
`State Bar No. 03783900
`Elizabeth L. DeRieux
`State Bar No. 05770585
`Capshaw DeRieux, LLP
`114 E. Commerce Ave.
`Gladewater, TX 75647
`Telephone: 903-845-5770
`ccapshaw@capshawlaw.com
`ederieux@capshawlaw.com
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`Korula T. Cherian
`Robert Harkins
`RuyakCherian LLP
`1936 University Ave, Ste. 350
`Berkeley, CA 94704
`sunnyc@ruyakcherian.com
`bobh@ruyakcherian.com
`
`Ronald Wielkopolski
`Thomas Dunham
`Colby A. Davis
`RuyakCherian LLP
`1091 L. St. NW, Suite 700
`Washington, DC 20006
`ronw@ruyakcherian.com
`tomd@ruyakcherian.com
`colbyd@ruyakcherian.com
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`Attorneys for Plaintiff Bright Data Ltd.
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`7
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`Case 2:19-cv-00414-JRG Document 97 Filed 09/29/21 Page 11 of 11 PageID #: 5243
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`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
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`I hereby certify that all counsel of record who are deemed to have consented to electronic
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`service are being served this 27th day of September 2021, with a copy of this document via ECF
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`or electronic mail.
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`/s/
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`Ronald Wielkopolski
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`CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION TO FILE UNDER SEAL
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`I hereby certify that the foregoing document is being filed under seal pursuant to the
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`Protective Order entered in this case.
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`/s/
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`Ronald Wielkopolski
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`8
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