`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`______________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`______________
`
`
`FORD MOTOR COMPANY,
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`SAFE DRIVING TECHNOLOGIES LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`
`______________
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,301,108 to Naboulsi
`
`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`
`______________
`
`
`
`
`
`DECLARATION OF SCOTT ANDREWS
`
`
`
`
`Page 1 of 249
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`
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`FORD EX. 1003
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`

`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`List of Exhibits .....................................................................................................10
`
`I.
`
`II.
`
`Qualifications and Professional Experience ................................................14
`
`Relevant Legal Standards ............................................................................20
`
`III. Qualifications of an Ordinary Artisan .........................................................27
`
`IV. U.S. Patent No. 8,301,108 to Naboulsi ........................................................28
`
`A. Overview of the ‘108 Patent .............................................................28
`B.
`File History .......................................................................................33
`
`V. General Background Regarding the State of the Art ...................................34
`
`A.
`B.
`C.
`
`Telematics ........................................................................................35
`Global Positioning System (GPS) .....................................................42
`Communication Systems...................................................................47
`1.
`Automotive Communication Systems and Networks ..............48
`2.
`Cellular Networks and Communication ..................................51
`3.
`Paging .....................................................................................55
`D. Driver Distraction .............................................................................57
`
`VI. Overview of the Key Prior Art References Relied Upon .............................62
`
`A. U.S. Patent No. 6,574,531 (“Tan”) ....................................................62
`B.
`U.S. Patent No. 6,311,078 (“Hardouin”) ...........................................69
`C.
`U.S. Patent No. 6,166,656 (“Okada”)................................................73
`D. U.S. Patent No. 6,060,989 (“Gehlot”) ...............................................75
`E.
`U.S. Patent No. 6,397,133 (“van der Pol”) ........................................81
`F.
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2002/0070852 (“Trauner”) ....................88
`G. U.S. Patent Publication No. 2003/0036823 (“Mahvi”) ......................94
`
`VII. Challenged claims of the ‘108 Patent and proposed claim
`constructions ...............................................................................................94
`
`A.
`
`B.
`
`Claims 1, 2, 6, 11-14, 18-20, 23, 24, 43, 44, 47, 63, 79, 97, 99,
`and 113 .............................................................................................94
`Claim Construction ...........................................................................98
`
`VIII. Grounds for Challenge ................................................................................99
`
`A. Ground 1 – Claims 1, 11, 13, 18, 43, 44, 47, 63, 79, and 113 of
`the ‘108 Patent are obvious in view of U.S. Patent No.
`6,574,531 (“Tan”) and the knowledge of an ordinary artisan. ...........99
`1.
`Claim 1 ...................................................................................99
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`2.
`
`
`3.
`
`
`4.
`
`[1.0] A safety control system for vehicles, including: a
`communication device having at least one of an input
`accessible from within the vehicle and at least one output
`communicated within the vehicle; ...........................................99
`[1.1] at least one sensor operable to sense at least one
`condition related to vehicle operation; and ............................ 102
`[1.2] a controller communicated with the sensor and the
`communication device, the controller prevents said at
`least one output from being provided to the driver in the
`original format of said at least one output and provides
`said at least one output to the driver in a different format,
`and ........................................................................................ 105
`[1.3] wherein the controller controls when at least one
`input and at least one output are provided to the driver so
`that prior to permitting the driver to access said input or
`prior to providing an output from the communication
`device to the driver, the controller determines whether
`said at least one condition is within a threshold and
`permits the driver to access said input or provides said
`output to said driver only when said at least one
`condition is within the threshold. .......................................... 110
`Claim 11 ............................................................................... 116
`[11.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said controller
`prevents an attempted input or output in response to a
`sensed parameter of said at least one condition being
`outside of a threshold and is operable to permit access to
`a said input or communication of a said output from the
`communication device after said sensed condition that
`caused prevention of the attempted input or output is
`again sensed to be within the threshold limit. ........................ 116
`Claim 13 ............................................................................... 123
`[13.0] The system of claim 11 wherein said controller
`enables an output detectable by the driver of the vehicle,
`and said output provides information to the driver as to a
`driving modification that can be made to re-enable the
`suppressed input or output. ................................................... 123
`Claim 18 ............................................................................... 125
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`Page 3 of 249
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
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`
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
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`
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`5.
`
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`6.
`
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`7.
`
`
`8.
`
`
`9.
`
`
`[18.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said at least one
`sensor is operable to determine at least one of
`instantaneous acceleration or velocity of the vehicle. ............ 125
`Claim 43 ............................................................................... 126
`[43.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller
`suppresses at least one of said input and said output in
`response to a sensed parameter of said at least one
`condition being outside of a threshold. .................................. 126
`Claim 44 ............................................................................... 129
`[44.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller
`includes an output to provide to a driver of the vehicle an
`indication of the sensed parameter causing the prevention
`of said at least one of said input and said output. .................. 129
`Claim 47 ............................................................................... 131
`[47.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller
`activates an output to provide a visible, tactile or data
`signal detectable in at least one of within the vehicle or
`outside of the vehicle in response to a sensed parameter
`of said at least one condition being outside of a threshold. .... 131
`Claim 63 ............................................................................... 132
`[63.0] The system of claim 1 wherein when the controller
`controls an output the output is changed to a different
`output. ................................................................................... 132
`Claim 79 ............................................................................... 135
`[79.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the sensor is
`responsive to a driver initiated action. ................................... 135
`10. Claim 113 ............................................................................. 136
`
`[113.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller also
`prevents continued driver access of an input when the
`threshold is exceeded during driver use of the input, and ...... 136
`[113.1] the controller also prevents an output of the
`communication device from being communicated to the
`driver after the threshold is exceeded during an already
`initiated output from the communication device. .................. 137
`Ground 2 – Claims 1, 2, 11, 12, 18, 43, 47, 63, and 79 of the
`‘108 Patent are obvious in view of U.S. Patent No. 6,311,078
`(“Hardouin”) and the knowledge of an ordinary artisan .................. 140
`1.
`Claim 1 ................................................................................. 140
`
`
`
`B.
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`Page 4 of 249
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`

`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`2.
`
`
`3.
`
`
`[1.0] A safety control system for vehicles, including: a
`communication device having at least one of an input
`accessible from within the vehicle and at least one output
`communicated within the vehicle; ......................................... 140
`[1.1] at least one sensor operable to sense at least one
`condition related to vehicle operation; and ............................ 143
`[1.2] a controller communicated with the sensor and the
`communication device, the controller prevents said at
`least one output from being provided to the driver in the
`original format of said at least one output and provides
`said at least one output to the driver in a different format,
`and ........................................................................................ 145
`[1.3] wherein the controller controls when at least one
`input and at least one output are provided to the driver so
`that prior to permitting the driver to access said input or
`prior to providing an output from the communication
`device to the driver, the controller determines whether
`said at least one condition is within a threshold and
`permits the driver to access said input or provides said
`output to said driver only when said at least one
`condition is within the threshold. .......................................... 152
`Claim 2 ................................................................................. 156
`[2.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said communication
`device includes at least one of a telephone, a pager,
`vehicle indicator providing an audible, text to speech, or
`visual output, a telematic device with an acceleration
`sensor, a computer, a display monitor, a GPS system, a
`navigation system, audio equipment, video equipment,
`voice recorder, wireless device permitting access to
`internet, WAN or LAN network server, email, SMS and
`text messaging, digital address book, and a digital
`calendar. ............................................................................... 156
`Claim 11 ............................................................................... 157
`[11.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said controller
`prevents an attempted input or output in response to a
`sensed parameter of said at least one condition being
`outside of a threshold and is operable to permit access to
`a said input or communication of a said output from the
`communication device after said sensed condition that
`
`Page 5 of 249
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`FORD EX. 1003
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`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
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`4.
`
`
`5.
`
`
`6.
`
`
`caused prevention of the attempted input or output is
`again sensed to be within the threshold limit. ........................ 157
`Claim 12 ............................................................................... 161
`[12.0] The system of claim 11 wherein the controller
`delays access to a prevented input or communication of a
`prevented output from the communication device for a
`predetermined period after the sensed condition is again
`sensed to be within the threshold limit. ................................. 161
`Claim 18 ............................................................................... 164
`[18.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said at least one
`sensor is operable to determine at least one of
`instantaneous acceleration or velocity of the vehicle. ............ 164
`Claim 43 ............................................................................... 165
`[43.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller
`suppresses at least one of said input and said output in
`response to a sensed parameter of said at least one
`condition being outside of a threshold. .................................. 165
`Claim 47 ............................................................................... 167
`[47.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the controller
`activates an output to provide a visible, tactile or data
`signal detectable in at least one of within the vehicle or
`outside of the vehicle in response to a sensed parameter
`of said at least one condition being outside of a threshold. .... 167
`Claim 63 ............................................................................... 168
`[63.0] The system of claim 1 wherein when the controller
`controls an output the output is changed to a different
`output. ................................................................................... 168
`Claim 79 ............................................................................... 169
`[79.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the sensor is
`responsive to a driver initiated action. ................................... 169
`Ground 3 – Claims 19, 20, 97, 99 are obvious over Hardouin in
`view US Patent 6,166,656 (“Okada”) and General Knowledge
`of an Ordinary Artisan .................................................................... 170
`1.
`Rationale to Combine Hardouin and Okada .......................... 170
`2.
`Analysis of claims 19, 20, 97, and 99 .................................... 176
`a.
`Claim 19 ..................................................................... 176
`[19.0] The system of claim 18 wherein the controller is
`responsive to vehicle acceleration indicative that the
`vehicle has been involved in an accident to provide an
`
`7.
`
`
`8.
`
`
`9.
`
`
`
`
`C.
`
`Page 6 of 249
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`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`
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`
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`
`
`output detectable from outside of the vehicle to indicate
`that the vehicle has been in an accident. ................................ 176
`b.
`Claim 20 ..................................................................... 182
`[20.0] The system of claim 19 wherein said
`communication device is a phone and said output
`includes placing a call from said phone. ................................ 182
`c.
`Claim 97 ..................................................................... 183
`[97.0] The system of claim 1 wherein the sensor is
`responsive to at least one condition indicative that the
`vehicle has been in an accident ............................................. 183
`[97.1] and wherein the controller is responsive to such a
`sensed condition to provide an output detectable from
`outside the vehicle. ............................................................... 185
`d.
`Claim 99 ..................................................................... 186
`[99.0] The system of claim 97 wherein said condition
`indicative that the vehicle has been in an accident
`includes a stopping distance of the vehicle from speed to
`zero is smaller than expected, the time of the vehicle to
`stop from speed to zero is smaller than expected, a G-
`force that is too high for normal maneuvers, vehicle
`staling [sic] after hard breaking, airbag deployment,
`rollover indication, or smoke detected in vehicle.
`(Emphasis added). ................................................................. 186
`D. Ground 4 – Claims 6 and 19 are obvious over Hardouin in view
`U.S. Patent No. 6,397,133 (“van der Pol”) and General
`Knowledge of an Ordinary Artisan ................................................. 188
`1.
`Rationale to Combine Hardouin and van der Pol .................. 188
`2.
`Analysis of claim 19 ............................................................. 194
`
`[19.0] The system of claim 18 wherein the controller is
`responsive to vehicle acceleration indicative that the
`vehicle has been involved in an accident to provide an
`output detectable from outside of the vehicle to indicate
`that the vehicle has been in an accident. ................................ 194
`Ground 5 – Claims 23 and 24 of the ‘108 Patent are obvious
`over Hardouin in view of van der Pol and further in view of
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2003/0036823 (“Mahvi”) and
`General Knowledge of an Ordinary Artisan .................................... 202
`1.
`Rationale to Combine Hardouin with van der Pol and
`Mahvi ................................................................................... 202
`
`
`
`E.
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`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`2.
`
`
`
`
`
`F.
`
`Analysis of Claims 23 and 24 ............................................... 209
`a.
`Claim 23 ..................................................................... 209
`[23.0] The system of claim 19 wherein, in addition to the
`output detectable from outside of the vehicle to indicate
`that the vehicle has been in an accident a verbal or visual
`countdown within the vehicle before providing said
`output. ................................................................................... 209
`b.
`Claim 24 ..................................................................... 215
`[24] The system of claim 23 wherein said output
`detectable from outside of the vehicle to indicate that the
`vehicle has been in an accident may be aborted by the
`person controlling the vehicle before the output is
`provided. ............................................................................... 215
`Ground 6 – Claims 1, 6, and 14 of the ‘108 Patent are obvious
`in view of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2002/0070852
`(“Trauner”) and General Knowledge of an Ordinary Artisan .......... 216
`1.
`Claim 1 ................................................................................. 216
`
`[1.0] A safety control system for vehicles, including a
`communication device having at least one of an input
`accessible from within the vehicle and at least one output
`communicated within the vehicle; ......................................... 216
`[1.1] at least one sensor operable to sense at least one
`condition related to vehicle operation; .................................. 219
`[1.2] a controller communicated with the sensor and the
`communication device, the controller prevents said at
`least one output from being provided to the driver in the
`original format of said at least one output and provides
`said at least one output to the driver in a different format,
`and ........................................................................................ 220
`[1.3] wherein the controller controls when at least one
`input and at least one output are provided to the driver so
`that prior to permitting the driver to access said input or
`prior to providing an output from the communication
`device to the driver, the controller determines whether
`said at least one condition is within a threshold and
`permits the driver to access said input or provides said
`output to said driver only when said at least one
`condition is within the threshold. .......................................... 223
`Claim 6 ................................................................................. 226
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`2.
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`

`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`
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`[6.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said controller
`includes at least one microprocessor having at least one
`input in communication with the sensor and at least one
`output in communication with the communication device. .... 226
`Claim 14 ............................................................................... 228
`[14.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said at least one
`sensor includes a plurality of sensors that sense a
`plurality of operating conditions and ..................................... 228
`[14.1] said controller includes one or more controllers
`that assess the sensed conditions as a function of
`thresholds for individual sensed conditions ........................... 230
`[14.2] and as a function of at least one threshold for a
`combination of two or more sensed conditions, .................... 233
`[14.3] said one or more controllers being operable to
`control at least one input or output of the communication
`device in response to assessed conditions at or outside of
`said thresholds. ..................................................................... 234
`G. Ground 7 – Claim 14 of the ‘108 Patent is obvious in view of
`Hardouin in view of U.S. Patent No. 6,060,989 (‘Gehlot”) and
`General Knowledge of an Ordinary Artisan .................................... 236
`1.
`Rationale to Combine Hardouin and Gehlot .......................... 236
`2.
`Analysis of Claim 14 ............................................................ 238
`
`[14.0] The system of claim 1 wherein said at least one
`sensor includes a plurality of sensors that sense a
`plurality of operating conditions ........................................... 238
`[14.1] and said controller includes one or more
`controllers that assess the sensed conditions as a function
`of thresholds for individual sensed conditions....................... 241
`[14.2] and as a function of at least one threshold for a
`combination of two or more sensed conditions, .................... 243
`[14.3] said one or more controllers being operable to
`control at least one input or output of the communication
`device in response to assessed conditions at or outside of
`said thresholds. ..................................................................... 245
`
`3.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`IX. Conclusion ................................................................................................ 248
`
`
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`
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`List of Exhibits
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`
`
`Exhibit
`No.
`1001
`1002
`1003
`1004
`1005
`1006
`1007
`
`1008
`
`1009
`
`1010
`
`1011
`1012
`1013
`
`1014
`
`1015
`
`1016
`1017
`
`1018
`
`Identifier
`Description
`‘108 Patent
`U.S. Patent No. 8,301,108
`U.S. Patent No. 8,301,108 Certified File History ‘108 Patent FH
`Declaration of Scott Andrews
`Andrews Decl.
`Curriculum Vitae of Scott Andrews
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`https://timeandnavigation.si.edu/multimedia-
`
`asset/magellan-nav-1000-gps-receiver-1988
`(accessed 11/19/2017)
`TravTek Global Evaluation and Executive
`Summary (Publication No. FHWA-RD-96-031
`March 1996)
`TravTek System Architecture Evaluation
`(Publication No. FHWA-RD-94-141 July 1995)
`TravTek Evaluation Orlando Test Network
`Study
`(Publication No. FHWA-RD-95-162
`January 1996)
`U.S. Patent No. 5,923,294
`U.S. Patent No. 5,808,566
`Vehicle Location and Navigation Systems by
`Yilin Zhao, ©1997
`Computer Networks, 3rd Ed., by Andrew S.
`Tanenbaum, ©1996, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-
`394248-1
`Automotive Electronics Handbook, by Ronald
`Jurgen
`U.S. Patent No. 3,906,166
`An Introduction to GSM by Redl, Weber, and
`Oliphant, ©1995 Artech House, ISBN
`0-890067-785-6
`GSM and Personal Communications Handbook,
`by Redl, Weber, and Oliphant, ©1998 Artech
`House, ISBN 0-89006-957-3
`
`TravTek1
`
`TravTek2
`
`TravTek3
`
`Bacelon
`Behr
`Zhao
`
`Tanenbaum
`
`Jurgen
`
`Cooper
`An Intro to GSM
`
`GSM and Personal
`Communications
`Handbook
`
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
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`
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`Identifier
`History of Pagers
`and Beepers
`
`
`
`UMTRI Report 98-4
`
`UMTRI Report 98-
`22
`
`Andrews
`Nojima
`Tan
`Okada
`Hardouin
`
`
`Exhibit
`No.
`1019
`
`1020
`
`1023
`1024
`1025
`1026
`1027
`1028
`
`1029
`1030
`1031
`1032
`1033
`1034
`1035
`1036
`1037
`1038
`1039
`1040
`1041
`
`Description
`"History of Pagers and Beepers." ThoughtCo,
`Jan. 31, 2021, thoughtco.com/history-of-pagers-
`and-beepers-1992315
`Post Office Code Standardisation Advisory
`Group
`1021 Map Design: An On-the-Road Evaluation of the
`Time to Read Electronic Navigation Displays By
`Christopher Nowakowski and Paul Green,
`Report Date June 1998
`1022 Map Design: An On-the-Road Evaluation of the
`Time to Read Electronic Navigation Displays By
`Christopher Nowakowski and Paul Green,
`Report Date June 1998
`U.S. Patent No. 6,612,682
`Japanese Patent H10-232992
`U.S. Patent No. 6,574,531
`U.S. Patent No. 6,166,656
`U.S. Patent No. 6,311,078
`Safe Driving Technologies LLC v. Ford Motor
`Company, No.
`21-cv-64-MN, D.I.
`21,
`Scheduling Order
`U.S. Patent Publication No. US 2002/0070852 Trauner
`U.S. Patent No. 9,047,170
`‘170 Patent
`U.S. Patent No. 6,414,630
`Usui
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`Intentionally Left Blank
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,060,989
`Gehlot
`U.S. Patent No. 6,397,133
`van der Pol
`U.S. Patent Publication No. US 2003/0036823
`Mahvi
`A1
`
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
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`
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`Description
`Safe Driving Technologies LLC v. Ford Motor
`Company, No. 21-cv-64-MN, D.I. 39, Order
`Resetting Claim Construction Hearing
`
`
`
`Identifier
`
`Exhibit
`No.
`1042
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 12 of 249
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`Case No.: IPR2022-00086
`Patent No.: 8,301,108
`
`
`
`I, Scott Andrews, hereby declare as follows:
`
`Atty. Dkt. No.: FPGP0134IPR
`
`1.
`
`I am making this declaration at the request of Ford Motor Company in
`
`the matter of Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 8,301,108 (“the ‘108 Patent”)
`
`to Naboulsi.
`
`2.
`
`I am being compensated for my work in this matter at a rate of
`
`$450/hour. My compensation in no way depends on the outcome of this proceeding.
`
`3.
`
`This declaration is based on the information currently available to me.
`
`If additional information becomes available, I may continue my investigation and
`
`study, which may include a review of documents and information that may be
`
`produced, as well as testimony from depositions that have not yet been taken.
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`4.
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`In preparation of this declaration, I have studied the exhibits as listed in
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`the Exhibit List shown above in my report.
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`5.
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`In forming the opinions expressed below, I have considered:
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`a.
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`The documents listed above as well as additional patents and
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`documents referenced herein;
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`b.
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`The relevant legal standards, including the standard for
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`obviousness provided in KSR International Co. v. Teleflex, Inc.,
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`550 U.S. 398 (2007), and any additional documents cited in the
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`body of this declaration; and
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`c. My knowledge and experience based upon my work and study in
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`this area as described below.
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`I.
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`Qualifications and Professional Experience
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`6.
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`I have provided my full background in the curriculum vitae that is
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`attached as Ex. 1004.
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`7.
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`I have over 30 years of professional experience in the automotive and
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`transportation industry, including in intelligent transportation systems, vehicle
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`electrical and electronics systems, vehicle information systems, and navigation
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`systems.
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`8.
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`I received an undergraduate Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical
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`Engineering from the University of California, Irvine, in 1977. I received a Master’s
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`of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 1982.
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`9.
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`From 1977 to 1983, I held engineering positions at Ford Aerospace and
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`Teledyne Microwave, working on, among other things, transmitter-receiver systems
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`for guided missile systems and other related military electronics.
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`10. From 1983 to 1993, I worked at TRW, Inc. (“TRW”) in the Space &
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`Electronics Group, where I served as a project manager, a department manager, and
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`as an assistant program manager on a variety of spacecraft communications systems
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`projects. My last position at TRW Space & Electronics was as the manager of the
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`MMIC Products Organization, which was directed toward monolithic microwave
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`integrated circuits. In that role, I developed TRW’s commercial GaAs MMIC
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`business. My responsibilities included development of a business strategy and
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`business plan, and overall management of customer and research and development
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`programs for my department. During my time in the MMIC Products Organization,
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`I developed an extensive international business base, and took operations from start-
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`up to $5M in sales per year in under two years. I also developed the first single chip
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`94 GHz radar, intended for use in automotive adaptive cruise control systems. While
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`I was at TRW Space & Electronics, I received several awards for outstanding
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`performance on Independent Research and Development projects.
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`11.
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`In 1993, while still at TRW, I moved to the Automotive Electronics and
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`Group and became the Director of Systems Engineering and Advanced Products. In
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`this role, I was responsible for the overall management of TRW’s advanced
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`development programs in the automotive electronics space. These programs
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`included, among other things, wireless remote keyless entry systems, vehicle
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`tracking and location systems (e.g., roadside assistance and emergency response
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`systems), emergency vehicle warning systems (e.g., transmitter-receiver systems
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`that would provide a warning inside the user’s vehicle when an active emergency
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`vehicle was in the vicinity), automotive collision avoidance radar, and other types
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`of vehicle information systems. I served in this role until 1996.
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`12. From 1996 to 2000, I worked at Toyota Motor Corporation as a Project
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`General Manager in the R&D Management Division. My responsibilities there
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`included the conceptualization and development of multimedia systems and new
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`technology products and services for Toyota’s future generations of passenger
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`vehicles. My work at Toyota included the development of adaptive cruise control
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`systems based on radar and lidar sensors. For example, I evaluated a variety of
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`sensors and subsystems in Europe and Japan specifically to support Toyota’s
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`development of adaptive cruise control and forward collision avoidance systems. In
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`this capacity I also interacted extensively with the Collision Avoidance Metrics
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`Partnership (CAMP), a joint venture between Ford Motor Company and General
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`Motors.
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`13. While at Toyota, I was responsible for a variety of research
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`collaborations, including, for example, a collaboration with Dr. Paul Green at the
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`University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI) wherein we
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`studied the distraction created by different map displays for navigation systems, and
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`identified various rules for the display of map information based on the speed of the
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`vehicle. This included readability studies for how street names were displayed, and
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`what level of map detail should be displayed as a function of vehicle speed.
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`14.
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`In 2000, I founded Cogenia, Inc. to develop an enterprise-class data
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`management software system. While at Cogenia, I developed and oversaw the
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`company’s business concept and strategic plan, which led to the successful raising
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`of over $2.2M in capital in less than ten months. I also led the executive team in the
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`development of an enterprise data system for managing data between multiple user
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`endpoints or devices. This included home and work computing environments, as
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`well as multiple mobile devices. In each case, key data useful to the user was
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`prepositioned so that it could be easily accessed when and where the user needed it
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`the most. Cogenia, Inc. ceased operations in December 2000.
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`15.
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`I founded Cogenia Partners, LLC as an inde