as) United States
`a2) Patent Application Publication co) Pub. No.: US 2008/0108310 Al
`(43) Pub. Date:
`May8, 2008
`Tong et al.
`
`US 200801083 10A1
`
`(54) CLOSED LOOP MIMO SYSTEMS AND
`METHODS
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(76)
`
`Inventors: Wen Tong, Ottawa (CA); Ming Jia,
`Ottawa (CA); Jianglei Ma, Kanata (CA);
`Peiying Zhu, Kanata (CA); Hua Xu,
`Nepean (CA); Dong-Sheng Yu, Ottawa
`(CA); Hang Zhang, Nepean (CA);
`Mo-HanFong,[Original (CA)
`
`Correspondence Address:
`SMART & BIGGAR
`P.O. BOX 2999, STATION D
`900-55 METCALFE STREET
`
`OTTAWA, ON K1P5Y6 (CA)
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`
`11/630,391
`
`(22) PCT Filed:
`
`Jun. 22, 2005
`
`(86) PCT No::
`
`PCT/CA05/00958
`
`§ 371(¢)(),
`(2), (4) Date:
`
`Dee. 22, 2006
`
`204.
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/581,356, filed on Jun.
`22, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/582,298,
`filed on Jun. 24, 2004. Provisional application No.
`60/601,178, filed on Aug. 13, 2004. Provisional appli-
`cation No. 60/614,621, filed on Sep. 30, 2004. Provi-
`sional application No. 60/619,461, filed on Oct. 15,
`2004. Provisional application No. 60/642,697, filed on
`Jan. 10, 2005.
`
`Publication Classification
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`HO4B 1/00
`(52) US. CM.
`cesssccssscssecesteesssesesvestenssssessveseenssee 455/69
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`Systems and methodsfor closed loop MIMO (multiple input
`and multiple output) wireless communication are provided.
`Various transmit formats including spatial multiplexing and
`STTD are defined in which vector or matrix weighting is
`employed using information fed back from receivers. The
`feedback information may include channel matrix or SVD-
`based feedback.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Measure MIMO
`Measure MIMO
`tH
`Channel H
`Shame
`210
`
`208
`
`i
`||
`
`|
`
`
`
`Beam
`Former
`ve
`
`202nl
`
`
`MIMO Feedback
` 216
`
`Reconstruct H
`Channel
`
`214
`
`
`
`
`
`
`AMG/Eigen
`CQl Feedback
`Assignment
`Channel
`
`
`220,
`222
`
`
`
`
`206
`
`svo
`H=U0DV
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0001
`IPR2022-00048
`
`1
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0001
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 1 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`FIG. 1
`
`2
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0002
`IPR2022-00048
`
`2
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0002
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 2 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`we
`
`14QO
`
`
`
`FIG.2
`
`NK
`
`16
`
`f
`
`—
`
`
`Baseband
`
`Processor
`
`
`
`FIG. 3
`
`3
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0003
`IPR2022-00048
`
`3
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0003
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 3 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`AuIeW,sey
`
`aneallaLulWa
`
`\ouWAS
`
`AARe|O}UY
`
`8s
`
`Lal
`
`co
`
`puegase”
`
`Wuylfidid
`
`Ze
`
`Guppyey2qIY3
`
`
`
`_—_or8Giuyques9s
`
`painpsyys
`
`
`
`—japoovyILS
`(LSVTE/QLLS}
`
`09
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0004
`IPR2022-00048
`
`4
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0004
`IPR2022-00048
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`May8, 2008 Sheet 4 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`joquiAs ool
`Japoaa(]pT4Lgfotd|ootETseen|76|9688
`
`
`
`1DB11XAJOlldUONBLUIS3}VOyINITSUOIGY
`
`
`BeeeweasReeeeeeeeBennsveneensRODEeeeeneeeneeeeesas=eee
`
`festiO‘balasino))
`
`anea|Ja}U}-80jepoaeg
`901oll
`Hgfaucet)
`
`-Palayyeasjauuey
`
`_eaeemensaeen
`
`lad
`
`06
`
`
`
`fasjio‘bal
`
`101}98.109
`
`89
`
`(Sew et eee
`
`
`
`—UOPUALS490)
`
`“Ql
`
`we wee em
`
`
`
`
`
`SABaHaU-90
`
`zo
`
`SOM
`
`
`
`UONeueA(aLUuey)
`
`sisAeuy
`
`gil
`
`s
`
`:=5
`
`:
`
`OF
`
`DY
`
`pueqeseg
`
`Weld
`
`ve
`
`finjquigiag-ag
`
`vit
`
`BEG
`
`Oth
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0005
`IPR2022-00048
`
`5
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0005
`IPR2022-00048
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 5 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`User #1
`
`User #1
`
`User #2
`
`Xo
`
`a— 110 X
`130-—~a User #1
`
`FIG. 6
`
`User #2
`
`FIG. 7
`
`6
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0006
`IPR2022-00048
`
`6
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0006
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 6 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
`Antenna Grouping in OFDM Symbol
`— D-STTD
`_—— O-STTD with AG
`
`| 25
`
`200
`
`400
`Sub-Cartier Index
`
`aoo
`
`~ 800
`
`FIG. 9
`
`7
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0007
`IPR2022-00048
`
`10
`
`5
`
`0 0
`
`.
`
`a:
`
`—)
`
`=@
`
`Sa
`
`.5
`
`=
`
`7Be
`
`n 15
`
`7
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0007
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 7 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`M\
`
`
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0008
`IPR2022-00048
`
`84
`
`“Recelver-2
`Sup-channel
`
`182~
`Receiver-1
`
`Suh-channel
`BARGE
`
` SRAA
`gn
`ee
`
`BARS
`POOLE
`
`
`
`ECKL 7
`
`cDese
`EXERC
`
`
`CORRS
`
`8
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0008
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 8 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Antenna Grouping
`
`©WI
`
`S,
`
`S;
`s,
`
`Antenna Selection
`
`pH Tower
`
`Ob110000|Ob110001|Obi10010|Boosting
`
`c=]
`
`FIG. 12
`
`9
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0009
`IPR2022-00048
`
`9
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0009
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 9 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`htHl
`<as|oeyoh
`ieoOzt
`teaoSewQo
`CWSky
`
`Antenna Grouping
`
`riWonoo
`
`FIG. 13
`
`10
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0010
`IPR2022-00048
`
`10
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0010
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 10 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Jamog
`
`fiujsoag
`|FOLONGO
`|10110|
`BuUsTUYy
`rlOld
`
`00|tieaitao|o1oosiga|tooorswo|oooari90|OIajaS
`
`0lo:iW=
`
`rd
`
`L
`
`G
`
`E
`
`11
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0011
`IPR2022-00048
`
`11
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0011
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 11 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`PowerBoosting
`
`
` 00110601|0b110010 0 W,=c0 ]
`
`AntennaSeleetion
`Ob110000 J W=cl0 of
`
`Streams,k
`2 Matrix
`
`
`FIG.15
`
`C
`
`
`
`12
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0012
`IPR2022-00048
`
`12
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0012
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8
`
`’
`
`2008 Sheet 12 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Janad
`
`funsoog
`
`Ei
`
`00
`
`OTOL wonsa}as
`00|JoroLiaa_|
`
`eUualUy
`
` ss"SUB
`IES
`
`13
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0013
`IPR2022-00048
`
`13
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0013
`IPR2022-00048
`
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 13 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`OOOOCABOOOOOOOMIOO
`
`XXKKLL
`
`CERITSAZAXSI
`Setiese:SEC
`Time hseeeces iS
`ZN@OOCOCO7Z'\'PERK
`RTTLASxX.
`
`40065 pilot for Ant-0 “7°“gy Puncture Pilot for Ant-1
`402~op Pitot for ant-2
`“°°“¢ Puncture Pilat tor Ant-3
`
`FIG. 17
`
`14
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0014
`IPR2022-00048
`
`14
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0014
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 14 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Option 1
`
`
`
`CEOS
`
`Time
`
`(gag>< > <>
`
`
`><>
`
`ee
`SSorssece EOI
`
`
`NIESORESNNN
`
`CSEBELO
`XMMNNINIee" rryry
`
`FIG. 18
`
`15
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0015
`IPR2022-00048
`
`15
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0015
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 15 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Option 2
`
`Frequency
`
`420
`
`422
`
`
`
`
`
`SRReS
`424
`reps AA ho SSOO'
`isaaa
`426
`
`
`SOOCCOEPPOPETS
`
`Sesses!OF
`Y
`e<7ofCt ‘2LS.oLxCs de
`Xn v
`
`
`PxeeeSINS |
`
`
`PhPHXNgotXXXRS
`
`
`
`
`Sesccccocecsessses
`Time 7
`PLELLYEY
`LLLLLLLENLLY
`
`
`COCCCOCO7COCCCOS:
`
`
`LLLLMMLILO
`LRCXLLIXIN
`
`OOO'COCOCOOS|COCO
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`©Pilot for Ant-0
`
`© Pitot for Ant-1
`
`© Pilot for Ant-2
`
`@ Pilot for Ant-3
`
`FIG. 19
`
`16
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0016
`IPR2022-00048
`
`16
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0016
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 16 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Option 1
`
`Frequency
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`seseseesLLLLS WO
`
`LttLttSIXtdTK<
`
`
`
`
`
`
`pdXItttoery LXX Y d oe
`430
`
`
`
`ERBL IsSYYN
`aR
`Seeeee'ee RY
`XKXXSISLLMo.2egeee
`
`
`XOGHD=x) oe es=P<eeesetLacdns
`
`
`
`
`
`G0eeeeesS=ELEES CONE
`
`
`»
`Time PY LV MN
`EXLXLMMZeXxxrLX%
`PINALELSLSS OS 8 ==.
`
`
`
`
`EXLSCE Ce
`
`
`ELMER YLYI
`i
`SA
`
`
`
`Xe
`PO)
`
`© Pilot for Ant-0 © Pilot for Ant-1 @ Pilot tor Ant-2 Pilot for Ant-3
`& Pilot for Ant-4 @® Pilot for Ant-5 @ Pilot for Ant-6 @® Pilot for ant-7
`
`FIG.20
`
`17
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0017
`IPR2022-00048
`
`17
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0017
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 17 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Ootion 2
`
`440
`
`TTT
`
`SaaeBobo“2s
`
`
`ryy < vy Yak
`AA2< P<~<peet <><Px
`PSIIeZBnWW
`> XA ei x %
`
`Time phdtfIES
`1D
`
`
`SLI4NIAEZAOSEXI +oa
`wut
`WL
`
`
`
`ponecrgerseMA
`<><) LX LVL LLMWeYY
`Oraser
`eeesees:S
`
`
`XtJaameS<>
`
`
`OeeeBoo
`ib=
`
`
`
`
`
`© Pilot for Ant-0 © Pilot for Ant-1 @ Pilot tor Ant-2 QD Pilot for Ant-3
`© Pilot for Ant-4 @ Pitot for Ant-5 © Pilot for Ant-6 @ Pilot for Ant-7
`
`
`
`
`FIG.21
`
`18
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0018
`IPR2022-00048
`
`18
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0018
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 18 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Frequency
`
`
`CxCOONLOS
`
`
`
`cecexSeerr
`
`+— 4b0
`
`Option 1
`
`Time
`
`~~bo]x<>
`
`CX
`
`0>\e +oJ.?~59eo-<7
`
`
`on (
`
`
`
`
`
`aCS
` x.JLe ryxxryryryryGGCoN
`
`
`de <A42LYS0r
`
`
`
`XXxos.o> <% A roy
`CXSANSXrated’Bexx2 asfosC)
`
`
`HittiteAK, AtSXX(yy<><?CO)
`
`
`a3‘N Keyx06606yy))
`
`
`Ls <> Js 0
`
`
`Co e
`
`
`+ re +o© \|¥Lxoix()
`<>
`
`
`
`SS
`
`7C
`
`)
`
`© Pilot for Ant-O © Pilot for Ant-1 @ Pilot for Ant-2 (QD Pilot for Ant-3
`© Pilot for Ant-A @ Pilot for Ant-5 @ Pilot for Ant-6 @® Pilot for Ant-7
`
`& Pilot for Ant-8 © Pilot for Ani-9 @ Pilot for Ant-10
`
`Pilot for Ant~11
`
`FIG, 22
`
`19
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0019
`IPR2022-00048
`
`19
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0019
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 19 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Frequency
`
`
`rx LISOOMis
`rxXKONXo
`
`
`CTGExxxSEL
`CXL)
`
`
`Option2
`
`4b4
`
`456
`
`Time
`
`arrPret
`treed
`
`Pilot for Ant-1 @ Pilot for Ant-2 QQ Pilot for Ant-3
`® Pilot for Ant-0 €
`& Pilot for Ant-4 @ Pilot for Ant-5 @ Pilot for Ant-6 @ Pilot for Ant-7
`
`© Pilot for Ant-8 © Pilot for Ant-9 Q@ Pilot for Ant-10
`
`Pilot for Ant-11
`
`FIG. 23
`
`20
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0020
`IPR2022-00048
`
`20
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0020
`IPR2022-00048
`
`€
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 20 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Non Pre-coded Channel H for:
`
`1. Gurrent H Analysis and Future
`Feedback
`2. Other Users (Including Non-MIMO}
`to Assist Channel Interpolation
`
`451
`
`Re-Encode the Non Pre-Coded
`Channel H for:
`
`1. Coherent Demadulation of current User
`
`FIG.24
`
`21
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0021
`IPR2022-00048
`
`21
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0021
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 21 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`FIG.25
`
`22
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0022
`IPR2022-00048
`
`22
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0022
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 22 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Time
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Frequency
`vrorrTOOKORSESES
`
`
`erWYSBOREESOS
`XXL OxeesSSISOROSERYRY:£559
`
`as£50)sOXeoeRSIS
`‘Apneie a ee2nese ao
`YOOZSONIistdses
`
`
`SOOOBOOOO RRBEX
`
`O52EPONeSGeS3hK9
`SOAS
`
`
`
`ee
`
`Sub-channel
`for MSS1
`\500
`
`
`
`Sub-channel
`far MSS2
`\g02
`
`©) Data carrier for MSS1
`Data carrier for MSS2
`S047 Pilot Carrierfor MSS1 (Ant a) 228%) Pitot Cartier for MSS2 (Ant O}
`eS Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 1) a0 Pilot Carrier for MSS2 (Ant 1}
`
`FIG. 26
`
`23
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0023
`IPR2022-00048
`
`23
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0023
`IPR2022-00048
`
`€
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008
`
`Sheet 23 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`526-q)(Ant1}530%PilotCarrierforMSS2(Ant1)PilotCarrierforMSS1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG.27
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0024
`IPR2022-00048
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`524%}forMSS1(Ant0)528°@)PilotCarrierforMSS2(Ant0)pilotCarrier
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`@®DatacarrierforMSS2
`
`
`©)DatacarrierforMSS1
`
`
`
`- NS
`BB
`> =
`Dawe
`_—
`2 <£
`s F
`>
`oS
`cc
`NS
`in “MS &
`=
`= 2
`6
`6
`2 x=
`=
`=
`cf
`7a)
`
`522
`
`
`£5053 a
`
`
`Cd,Se
`
`CXSA Ao S00
`CERESOeeS 2
`
`
`
`ac
`
`
`
`ma
`q
`—_
`D—
`uw
`
`=a
`
`24
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0024
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 24 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`frequencyRNOO aa
`SSNSoNEgsa‘ a38ae AS
`FESOSeSORES
`Tim aSrxXxCxOeBRSRS)onsRr
`XXSeESo5N6360)SeedY Bese
`
`”
`
`a f
`
`Hi
`
`£25
`
`Sub-channel
`far MSS1
`
`Sub-channel
`for MSS2
`
`©) Data carrier for MSS1
`
`6 Data carrier far MSS2
`
`@ Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 0) © Pilot Carrier for MSS2 (Ant 0)
`e Mesttaefie Carrier for
`@ Moseta Pilot Carrier for
`© Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 2}
`GQ Pilot Carrier far MSS2 (Ant 2)
`
`MSS2 (Ant 1)
`
`MSS1 (Ant 1)
`
`FIG.28
`
`25
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0025
`IPR2022-00048
`
`25
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0025
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 25 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Frequency
`
` eseeee|='OW
`esRi)COROSSes)ogKefos)
`SO BOER
`SONGS
`IR
`aOERR
`6S45SsSOS
`S25) CIM
`peg>< <<< <n
`TimeAWY
`BEXRSEeKesohesesee
`KAOREOH K
`RAK
`
`
`BSAANIRSoeey
`So <><9
`ee
` CXHIUD=8Oe
`
`MookSOLS.aSSeSBese
`AERsoe
`e007SOX
`
`ResoneyCx WE
`oneeee
`asRHE
`
`
`
`
`
`Sub-channel
`for MSS2
`
`Sub-channel
`for MSS1
`
` +
`
`©) Data carrier for MSS1
`
`@ Data carrier for MSS2
`
`Pilot Carrier for MSS2 (Ant 0}
`@ Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 0)
`@ Punctured Pilat Carrier for
`@ Punctured Pilot Carrier for
`MS82 {Ant 1)
`MSS1 {Ant 1)
`@ Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 2) Q Pilot Carrier for MSSz2(Ant 2)
`
`© Pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 3)
`
`Pilot Carrier for MSS2 {Ant 3)
`
`FIG, 29
`
`26
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0026
`IPR2022-00048
`
`26
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0026
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 26 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Frequency
`
`
` Sub-channel for MSS1
`XXXLLILPS
`
`ipsoo
`mS XXXLeooeene
`
`eesCares
`ACae
`<
`
` aNee
`
`SSPE{2RI?PEs
`BYSese
`
`ieRoeSKeeSRSRe RXRRARASooCeceREGSY
`
`
`GSee2KCorSONGoxaesNO55)eeOXLS
`
`
`
`R35TESKoseSeineSosa)REDSONGS206Suen
` oe
`
`
`
`SeeaCe2SeeBesY
`
`
`OSE
`
`
`
`
`Sub-channel for MSS2
`I
`
`340
`
`542
`
`Time
`
`© Data carrier for MSS1
`& Data carrier for MSS2
`54d-yp Pilot Carrier fo Msst (Ant 0) 945° Pilot Carrier for MSS2 (ant o
`S46pilot Carrier for MSS1 (Ant 1) 2477KPilot Carrier for MSS2 (Ant 1)
`
`FIG.30
`
`27
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0027
`IPR2022-00048
`
`27
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0027
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 27 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Time
`
`¥,
`
`
`
`Sub-channel for MSS1
`
`
`
`Frequency
`
`
`ASXXLLLLIDS
`Sie:
`SKILLMS
`eeeeeeseecoes
`
`
`ieXNRe
`NGNXOCRON
`eS
`
`EXSRBENOSSOEOEE
`
`aK)ONSEXON PEEEES
`
`
`
`KS
`
`
`
`EX SOCORROROE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Sub-channel far MSS2
`
`— & Data carrier for MSS2
`© Data carrier for MSS1
`58579} pilot Carrier for MSS2 (Ant 0}
`S80°Q) Pilot Carrier tor MSS1 (Ant 0}
`"257% Pitot Cartier for MSS2 (Ant 1)
`551" pilot Carrier tor MSS1 (Ant 1)
`2wy Punctured Pilot Carrier for nb Punctured Pilot Garrier for
`MSS1 (Ant 2)
`MSS2 (Ant 2}
`BBS Punctured Pilot Carrier for Boy Punctured Pilot Carrier for
`" MSS1 (Ant 3)
`MSS2 (Ant 3}
`
`FIG. 31
`
`28
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0028
`IPR2022-00048
`
`28
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0028
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 28 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
`600
`602
`
`MIMO/STC
`
`
`
`Beam~Farmer
`
`
`Set Up
`
`
`Feedback
`Feedback
`
`
`
`MIMO/STC
`
`Feedback
`
`
`MIMO/STC
`Beam-Former
`
`
`Feedback
`
` Unitnitary
`MIMO/STC e Beam-Former
`
`
`
`: |
`
`
`
`
`Selection Feedback
`
`602
`
`FIG. 32
`
`29
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0029
`IPR2022-00048
`
`29
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0029
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 29 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Transmit on Strang
`Eigen Modes
`
`Discard Weak}
`
`Use Power to{
`
`Eigen ea©
`
`
`
`SVD with
`
`Beamomer
`
`€&
`
`
`
`FIG.33
`
`Power Boosting OFDM
`
`Select Best Group
`Antenna with
`
`Turn Off a Group
`Antennas
`
`Domain
`
`FIG.34
`
`30
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0030
`IPR2022-00048
`
`30
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0030
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 30 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`+AS-1
`
`- SVD SB-1
`
`_ SVD Performance
`
`
`
`SNR(UnitNoiseVariance)
`
`Ornobamon-Po
`
`Sub-Carrier Index
`
`FIG. 35
`
`34
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0031
`IPR2022-00048
`
`31
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0031
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 31 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`VB LI @SVDLI #VBL2 *SVDL2 *VBL3 @SVDL3
`
`+ AS-1
`
`- SVD SB-1
`
`SVD Performance
`
`Chaconfo
`NoiseVarianre}
`SNR(Unit
`
`Sub-Carrier Index
`
`FIG, 36
`
`32
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0032
`IPR2022-00048
`
`32
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0032
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 32 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`204
`
`
`
`Measure MIMO
`*] Measure MIMO
`Channel
`Channel
`
`219
`208—_—
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`MIMO Feedback
`
`
`Reconstruct H
`Channel
`
`
`216
`
`24
`
`
`
`
`
`AMC/Eigen
`CAI Feedback
`Assignment
`Channel
`
`222 220,
`
`
`
`FIG.37
`
`33
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0033
`IPR2022-00048
`
`33
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0033
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`i
`
`Per Stream AMC |
`Beam Former y" |i!
`240
`
`:
`
`a
`
`5B.
`
`Reconstruct
`
`
`254
`
`MIMO Feedback
`
`Channel
`
`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 33 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Measure MIMO
`Channel H
`246
`
`Differential
`Encoding of H
`248
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG, 38
`
`34
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0034
`IPR2022-00048
`
`34
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0034
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 34 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
` Feedback —
`
`Channel
`284
`
`268
`
`Input
`
`Dither Signal
`
`2e5~
`
` (AI8, -AlB,
`
`
`-
`Quantizer
`
`
`Offset
`
`
`FIG. 40
`
`35
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0035
`IPR2022-00048
`
`35
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0035
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 35 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Per Stream AMC
`
`Beam Former V']
`314
`
`:
`
`300
`
`
`
`/ Measure mimo
`}
`304
`an
`
`
`|
`
`
`
`Differential
`
`
`wage
`j
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Measure MIMO
`Channel H
`
`
`|
`Zz
`302
`
`Limited
`Capacity
`ffN
`||
`Ey,
`
`
`Differential
`
`
`Encoding of H
`310
`
`
`FIG. 41
`
`36
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0036
`IPR2022-00048
`
`36
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0036
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 36 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
`aa|8138.33%|
`|2
`
`|8
`82125.0%
`|Of120,00%|
`_
`116.67%
`Ds}
`114.29%
`
`
`8
`
`4|5_
`
`
`
`a|2
`
`
`
`FIG. 42
`
`37
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0037
`IPR2022-00048
`
`37
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0037
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 37 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`
`
`
`(Measure MIMO
`Channel H
`326
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Reconstruct
`Beam
`Reconstruct
`Quantize
`Givens
`
`Former|_|TransformParameter Parameter
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`0, c}
`{6, ch
`V=G1G2
`V=GIG2
`
`
`
`
`
`338
`334
`330
`-
`
`
`
`
`340
`
`
`
`
`
`
`AMC/Eigen
`CQ] Feedback
`
`
`Assignment
`Channel
`
`
`
`343
`342
`
`
`
`
`FIG.43
`
`38
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0038
`IPR2022-00048
`
`38
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0038
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 38 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`352
`
`350
`
`Input x
`
`Shape
`Quantizer
`
`
`Quantizer
`
`354
`
`FIG.44
`
`39
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0039
`IPR2022-00048
`
`39
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0039
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 39 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Construct
`
`Hypothesis
`Test Set {0, ch
`
`
`
`
`Givens
`
`
`
`
`362
`Reconstructon
`Search
`enelver
`
`Minimum\*\criteria Y-GIG2carmer
`
`364|)360
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`COI Feedback
`AMC/Eigen
`
`
`Channel
`Assignment
`
`
`
`343
`342
`
`
`
`FIG.45
`
`4O
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0040
`IPR2022-00048
`
`40
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0040
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 40 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Symbol-0
`
`Symbol-1
`
`
`
`symbol-2
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Vector Index|Mn,8m Mn,8m+i Mn,8m+7
`
`
`
`PO, P1, P2, Pa, PO, P1, P2, PS
`
`PO, P3, P2, P1, PO, P3, P2, Pi
`
`PQ, PO, P1, P1, P2, P2, P3, P3
`
`
`PO, PO; P3, P3, P2, P2, Pt, Pt
`PO, PO, PO, PO, PO, PO, PO, PD
`
`PD, P2, PO, P2, PO, P2, PO, P2
`PO, P2, PO, P2, P2, PG, P2, PO
`P Q, P2, P2, PG, P2, PO, PO, P2
`
`
`
`372
`
`|
`FIG. 46
`
`AN
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0041
`IPR2022-00048
`
`41
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0041
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May8, 2008 Sheet 41 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 A1
`
`Antenna 0
`
`Antenna 1
`
`Symbal-0
`
`symbol-1
`
`symbol-2
`
`Null Pilot
`
`
`elerere
`
`Raesesscacesey
`CoS RSS
`LeSee MYL5>
`
`
` 9
`
`Pattern O
`
`Pattern 1 x
`
`382
`
`Symbol~2.
`
`symbal-0
`
`symbol-1
`
`42
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0042
`IPR2022-00048
`
`42
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0042
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 8, 2008 Sheet 42 of 42
`
`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`Space Time Coding Matrix Set
`V
`
`
`2
`
`V2
`
`3
`
`Space Time Coding Matrix Set
`
`Unitary
`Two
`Unitary —
`Single
`Stream |Beam-Forming| Stream |Beam-Forming
`Index
`Vector
`Index
`Vector
`ptfwy vi
`: ao je
`
`
`
`|
`
`43
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0043
`IPR2022-00048
`
`43
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0043
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`May 8, 2008
`
`CLOSED LOOP MIMO SYSTEMS AND METHODS
`
`RELATED APPLICATIONS
`
`[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provi-
`sional Patent Application No. 60/581,356 filed on Jun. 22,
`2004, U.S. Provisional patent Application No. 60/582,298
`filed on Jun. 24, 2004, U.S. Provisional Patent Application
`No. 60/601,178 filed on Aug. 13, 2004, Provisional Patent
`Application No. 60/514,621 filed on Sep. 30, 2004, Provi-
`sional Patent Application No. 60/619,461 filed on Oct. 15,
`2004 and Provisional Patent Application No. 60/642,697filed
`on Jan. 10, 2005, all of which are hereby incorporated by
`reference in their entirety.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`[0002] The invention relates to MIMO (multiple input,
`multiple output) systems and methods.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`In MIMO(multiple input multiple output) OFDM
`[0003]
`(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) systems, there
`are multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas
`and a plurality of sub-carriers that are available for transmis-
`sion between the transmit antennas andthe receive antennas
`for either one or multiple users. New advances in MIMO
`OFDMsystemsare taught in Applicant’s co-pending appli-
`cation <attorney docket 71493-1320> entitled “Pilot Design
`For OFDM Systems With Four transmit Antennas”filed Mar.
`15, 2005, and in Applicant’s co-pending application <attor-
`ney docket 71493-1330) entitled “Wireless Communication
`Methods, Systems, And Signal Structures”filed Apr. 4, 2005,
`both hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. With
`open loop implementations, the transmitter transmits on the
`multiple transmitter antennas and sub-carriers without the
`benefit of channel information fed back from the receivers.
`
`[0004] Efforts have been madeto facilitate wireless closed-
`loop MIMO communications including broadband closed-
`loop MIMO,which might for example be based on OFDM
`modulation schemes, and narrowband closed-loop MIMO.
`Broadband closed-loop MIMO includes many sub-bands.
`Each of these sub-bands requires MTMOchannel feedback
`for a closed-loop implementation. As a result the feedback
`resources required for broadband closed-loop MIMO can
`become quite large. Narrowband closed-loop MIMO, by
`comparison, includes one or a few sub-bands and requires a
`relatively smaller amount of feedback resources. Broadband
`and narrowband MIMO,therefore, have different applica-
`tions.
`
`SUMMARYOF THE INVENTION
`
`[0005] According to one broad aspect, the invention pro-
`vides a MIMO system comprising: a transmitter having mul-
`tiple transmit antennas; at least one receiver, each receiver
`having at least one receive antenna; each receiver being
`adapted to transmit at least one type of feedback information
`selected from a group consisting of: information for use in
`performing beam-forming; antennaselection/grouping infor-
`mation.
`
`In some embodiments, a transmission format to
`[0006]
`each receiveris selected from a group oftransmission formats
`consisting of: spatial multiplexing; vector weighted spatial
`multiplexing; matrix weighted
`spatial multiplexing;
`
`K-stream spatial multiplexing employing more than K trans-
`mit antennas; single stream STTD; single stream STTD with
`proportional weighting and antenna selection; multi-stream
`STTD; multi-stream STUD with layer weighting; multi-
`stream STTD with a combination of layer weighting and
`proportional weighting; and hybrid beam-formingand spatial
`multiplexing.
`
`Insome embodiments, a defined sub-set of available
`[0007]
`formats is made available for a given receiver, and wherein
`the given receiver feeds back a selection of one of the defined
`sub-setof available formats.
`
`In some embodiments, each receiver performs
`[0008]
`respective channel measurements and feeds back information
`for use in performing beam-forming based on the respective
`channel measurements.
`
`In some embodiments, the information for use in
`[0009]
`performing beam-formingis selected from a group consisting
`of: a) elements of a measured channel matrix; b) elements of
`a V matrix of a SVD decomposed channel matrix; c) param-
`eters of a Givens decomposition of a V matrix of a SVD
`decomposed channel matrix; d) parameters of a truncated
`Givens decomposition of a V matrix of a SVD decomposed
`channel matrix, where one or more eigen-vectors are dis-
`carded; e) differentially encoded elements of a measured
`channel matrix; f) differentially encoded elements of a V
`matrix of a SVD decomposed channel matrix; g) differen-
`tially encoded parameters of a Givens decompositionor trun-
`cated Givens decomposition of a V matrix of aSVD decom-
`posed channel matrix; h) Householder decomposition; 1) full
`scalar quantization of any of the information types of a)
`through h); j) partial scalar quantization of any of the infor-
`mation types a) through g); k) scalar quantization of any one
`of the information types a) through h) where varying resolu-
`tion is used to quantize parameters; 1) vector quantization of
`any of the information types of a) through h); m) a combina-
`tion of scalar quantization and differential quantization for
`any of the information types a) through h); n) using a Delta
`Sigma quantizer for any of the information types a) through
`h); 0) binary beam-forming weights; p) a differential index
`into a set of vector quantizations; and q) pre-defined code-
`book.
`
`In some embodiments beam-forming feedback is
`[0010]
`performed by each receiver as a function of receiver specific
`criteria.
`
`Insome embodiments, the receiver specific criteria
`[0011]
`is selected from a group consisting of: Max SNR; b) Max
`Shannon capacity; and c) True receiver operational process.
`
`In some embodiments, antennaselection/grouping
`[0012]
`information is at least one information type selected from a
`group consisting of: a) selection between SM (spatial multi-
`plexing) and STTD (space time transmitdiversity) transmis-
`sion format; b) selection of particular antennas for SM trans-
`mission; c) selection and grouping ofparticular antennas for
`STTD transmission; and d) eigen-mode selection informa-
`tion.
`
`Insome embodiments,the system further comprises
`[0013]
`the receiver determining the antenna selection/grouping
`information by performing a step selected from a group of
`steps consisting of: performing SVD decomposition anddis-
`carding weak eigen-modes; selecting antennas using deter-
`minants of sub-MIMOchannel matrices.
`
`44
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0044
`IPR2022-00048
`
`44
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0044
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`May 8, 2008
`
`Insome embodiments, feed back and beam-forming
`[0014]
`and/or antenna selection/grouping is performed for sub-car-
`riers of a multi-carrier system to a resolution selected from a
`group consisting of: a) for every sub-carrier individually; b)
`for groups of consecutive sub-carriers; c) for an entire set of
`sub-carriers; d) for sets of groups of sub-carriers.
`
`In some embodiments, transmission matrices and
`[0015]
`feedback are in accordance with one of FIGS. 11 to 14.
`
`the transmitter transmits
`In some embodiments,
`[0016]
`pilots on each transmit antennafor use in performing channel
`estimation.
`
`Insome embodiments,at least someofthe pilots are
`[0017]
`puncturedpilots.
`
`In some embodiments, at least some of the pilots
`[0018]
`comprise un-coded pilots for use by multiple receivers.
`
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram representation of a base
`[0032]
`station according to one embodimentofthe present invention;
`
`[0033] FIG.3isa block diagram representation of a mobile
`terminal according to one embodimentof the present inven-
`tion;
`
`FIG.4 is a logical breakdown of an OFDM trans-
`[0034]
`mitter architecture according to one embodiment of the
`present invention;
`
`FIG. 5 is a logical breakdown of an OFDMreceiver
`[0035]
`architecture according to one embodiment of the present
`invention;
`
`FIG. 6 is a first example schematic diagram for
`[0036]
`beam-forming spatial multiplexing (SM)transmission using
`matrix or vector weighting according to an embodimentofthe
`invention;
`
`Insome embodiments, the pilots compriseuser spe-
`[0019]
`cific pre-codedpilots for use byparticular receivers receivers.
`
`Insome embodiments, the pilots compriseuser spe-
`[0020]
`cific pre-codedpilots for use by particular receivers receivers
`and un-codedpilots for use by multiple receivers.
`
`FIG. 7 is a second example schematic diagram for
`[0037]
`beam-forming SM transmission with matrix weighting
`according to an embodimentofthe invention;
`
`FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for use in describing
`[0038]
`antenna/sub-channelselection criteria;
`
`the pilot patterns are as
`In some embodiments,
`[0021]
`shown in any one of FIGS. 17-23 with generalizations as
`described.
`
`FIG. 9 is a graphical comparison of fixed D-STTD
`[0039]
`(double-space-time time division) and antenna grouping
`D-STTD;
`
`the pilot patterns are as
`In some embodiments,
`[0022]
`shown in one of FIGS. 26-31 with generalizations as
`described.
`
`FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of sub-channelallo-
`[0040]
`cation for a 4-antennatransmitter and two 2-antennareceivers
`
`according to an embodimentofthe invention;
`
`In some embodiments, feedback information is
`[0023]
`transmitted using a feedback channel having the structure of
`one of FIGS. 46 to 48 with generalizations as described.
`
`FIG. 11 is a closed loop STC/MIMO 3-transmit
`[0041]
`antenna grouping arrangement
`in accordance with an
`embodimentof the invention;
`
`In some embodiments, at least one receiver has a
`[0024]
`plurality of receive antennas.
`
`Insome embodiments,the at least one receiver com-
`[0025]
`prises a plurality of receivers.
`
`In some embodiments, sub-channels are defined
`[0026]
`using at least one of; AMC sub-channels, where respective
`adaptive modulation and coding is defined for each AMC
`sub-channel; PUSC sub-channels.
`
`Inanother embodiment,a receiver is providedthatis
`[0027]
`adapted to implementreceiver functionality as summarized
`above.
`
`In another embodiment, a transmitter is provided
`[0028]
`that is adapted to implementtransmitter functionality as sum-
`marized above.
`
`[0029] Other aspects and features of the present invention
`will become apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art
`upon review ofthe following description of specific embodi-
`ments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying
`figures.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`[0030] Preferred embodiments ofthe invention will now be
`described with reference to the attached drawings in which:
`
`FIG. 12 is a closed loop STC/MIMO 3-transmit
`[0042]
`antenna selection arrangement
`in accordance with an
`embodimentof the invention;
`
`FIG. 13 is a closed loop STC/MIMO 4-transmit
`[0043]
`antenna arrangement in accordance with an embodimentof
`the invention;
`
`FIG. 14 is a closed loop STC/MIMO 4-transmit
`[0044]
`antenna arrangement in accordance with an embodimentof
`the invention;
`
`[0045] FIGS. 15 and 16 show binary unitary beam-forming
`matrices in accordance with embodimentsof the invention;
`
`FIG. 17 is pilot mapping for a pilot allocation for
`[0046]
`4-antenna BS (basestation) for the optional FUSC (full uti-
`lization sub-channel) and Optional AMC(adaptive modula-
`tion and coding) zones in 802.16d in accordance with an
`embodimentof the invention;
`
`[0047] FIGS. 18 and 19 are pilot mappingsfora pilot allo-
`cation for four transmit antennas in which there is no punc-
`turing required in accordance with an embodiment of the
`invention;
`
`[0048] FIGS. 20 and 21 are pilot mappingsfora pilot allo-
`cation for eight transmit antennas in accordance with an
`embodiments of the invention;
`
`[0031] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram representation of a
`cellular communication system according to one embodi-
`mentof the present invention;
`
`[0049] FIGS. 22 and 23 are pilot mappingsfora pilot allo-
`cation for twelve transmit antennas in accordance-with an
`embodiments of the invention;
`
`45
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0045
`IPR2022-00048
`
`45
`
`OnePlus Ex. 1005.0045
`IPR2022-00048
`
`

`

`US 2008/0108310 Al
`
`May 8, 2008
`
`[0050] FIG.24isaschematic diagram showing an example
`ofpre-coding of MIMOpilots in accordance with an embodi-
`mentof the invention;
`
`FIG. 45 is a block diagram of a system employing a
`[0068]
`receiver based Givens transform in accordance with an
`embodimentof the invention;
`
`[0051] FIG.25isaschematic diagram showing an example
`ofpre-coding of MIMOpilots in accordance with an embodi-
`mentof the invention suitable for larger antenna arrays;
`
`[0052] FIG. 26 isa pilot mapping showinga pre-codedpilot
`design for a 2-antenna basestation (BS) for optional AMC in
`accordance with an embodimentof the invention;
`
`[0053] FIG. 27 is a second pre-coded pilot design for a
`2-antenna basestation (BS) for optional AMCin accordance
`with an embodimentofthe invention;
`
`[0054] FIG. 28 isa pilot mapping showinga pre-codedpilot
`design for a 3-antenna basestation (BS) for optional AMC in
`accordance with an embodimentof the invention;
`
`[0055] FIG. 29isa pilot mapping showinga pilot design for
`a 4-antenna basestation (BS) for optional AMCin accordance
`with an embodimentofthe invention;
`
`[0056] FIG. 30 isa pilot mapping showing a pre-codedpilot
`design for a 2-antenna BS for PUSC(partial utilization sub-
`channel) zone in accordance with an embodiment of the
`invention;
`
`[0057] FIG.31 isa pilot mapping showinga pre-codedpilot
`design for a 4-antenna ES for PUSC zone in accordance with
`an embodimentofthe invention;
`
`[0058] FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a set of closed
`loop STC/MIMOarrangements with beam-formerstructures
`in accordance with an embodimentof the invention;
`
`[0059] FIGS. 33, 34, 35 and 36 present a compar