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`AFFIDAVIT OF NATHANIEL E FRANK-WHITE
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`1. I am a Records Request Processor at the Internet Archive. I make this declaration
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` archive.org
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`DATE: ________________________
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`09/07/2022
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`________________________
`Nathaniel E Frank-White
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`EXHIBIT B
`EXHIBIT B
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`https://web.archive.org/web/20101204023745/http:/developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/UserE
`xperience/Conceptual/AppleHIGuidelines/OSXHIGuidelines.pdf
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`

`

`Apple Human Interface Guidelines
`
`User Experience
`
`2009-08-20
`
`MemoryWeb Ex. 2027
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`

`

`iWeb and Multi-Touch are trademarks of Apple
`Inc.
`Helvetica is a registered trademark of
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`from Linotype Library GmbH.
`Intel and Intel Core are registered trademarks
`of Intel Corportation or its subsidiaries in the
`United States and other countries.
`Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or
`its affiliates.
`OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon
`Graphics, Inc.
`PowerPC and and the PowerPC logo are
`trademarks of International Business Machines
`Corporation, used under license therefrom.
`Simultaneously published in the United States
`and Canada.
`Even though Apple has reviewed this document,
`APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION,
`EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
`THIS DOCUMENT, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY,
`MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
`PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS DOCUMENT IS
`PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE READER, ARE
`ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY
`AND ACCURACY.
`IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT,
`INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
`CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY
`DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS DOCUMENT, even
`if advised of the possibility of such damages.
`THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE
`ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL
`OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No Apple
`dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make
`any modification, extension, or addition to this
`warranty.
`Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation
`of implied warranties or liability for incidental or
`consequential damages, so the above limitation or
`exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives
`you specific legal rights, and you may also have
`other rights which vary from state to state.
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`Apple Inc.
`© 1992, 2001-2003, 2009 Apple Inc.
`All rights reserved.
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`No part of this publication may be reproduced,
`stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
`any form or by any means, mechanical,
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`documentation for personal use provided that
`the documentation contains Apple’s copyright
`notice.
`The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Inc.
`Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo
`(Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes
`without the prior written consent of Apple may
`constitute trademark infringement and unfair
`competition in violation of federal and state
`laws.
`No licenses, express or implied, are granted
`with respect to any of the technology described
`in this document. Apple retains all intellectual
`property rights associated with the technology
`described in this document. This document is
`intended to assist application developers to
`develop applications only for Apple-labeled
`computers.
`Every effort has been made to ensure that the
`information in this document is accurate. Apple
`is not responsible for typographical errors.
`Apple Inc.
`1 Infinite Loop
`Cupertino, CA 95014
`408-996-1010
`
`.Mac is a registered service mark of Apple Inc.
`iDisk is a registered service mark of Apple Inc.
`Apple, the Apple logo, Aperture, AppleScript,
`Aqua, Bonjour, Carbon, Chicago, Cocoa, Cover
`Flow, eMac, Exposé, Finder, FireWire, Geneva,
`iBook, iCal, iChat, iPhoto, iPod, iTunes, Keychain,
`Keynote, Leopard, Logic, Mac, Mac OS,
`Macintosh, Numbers, Objective-C, Pages,
`Quartz, QuickDraw, QuickTime, Safari, Spaces,
`Spotlight, Tiger, Time Machine, Velocity Engine,
`and Xcode are trademarks of Apple Inc.,
`registered in the United States and other
`countries.
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`

`

`Contents
`
`Introduction
`
`Introduction to Apple Human Interface Guidelines 19
`
`Who Should Read This Document? 20
`Organization of This Document 20
`Conventions Used in This Document 20
`See Also 21
`
`Part I
`
`Application Design Fundamentals 23
`
`Chapter 1
`
`The Design Process 25
`
`Involving Users in the Design Process 25
`Know Your Audience 25
`Analyze User Tasks 26
`Build Prototypes 26
`Observe Users 26
`Guidelines for Conducting User Observations 27
`Making Design Decisions 28
`Avoid Feature Cascade 28
`Apply the 80 Percent Solution 29
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Characteristics of Great Software 31
`
`High Performance 31
`Ease of Use 32
`Attractive Appearance 34
`Reliability 34
`Adaptability 35
`Interoperability 36
`Mobility 37
`
`Chapter 3
`
`Human Interface Design 39
`
`Human Interface Design Principles 39
`Metaphors 39
`Reflect the User’s Mental Model 39
`Explicit and Implied Actions 41
`Direct Manipulation 41
`User Control 42
`Feedback and Communication 42
`Consistency 43
`
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`CONTENTS
`
`WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) 44
`Forgiveness 44
`Perceived Stability 45
`Aesthetic Integrity 45
`Modelessness 46
`Managing Complexity in Your Software 46
`Keep Your Users in Mind 47
`Worldwide Compatibility 47
`Universal Accessibility 49
`Extending the Interface 51
`Build on the Existing Interface 51
`Don’t Assign New Behaviors to Existing Objects 51
`Create a New Interface Element Cautiously 52
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Prioritizing Design Decisions 53
`
`Meet Minimum Requirements 53
`Deliver the Features Users Expect 55
`Differentiate Your Application 56
`
`Part II
`
`The Macintosh Experience 59
`
`Chapter 5
`
`The Mac OS X Environment 61
`
`The Always-On Environment 61
`Disk Size and Usage Information 61
`Displays 61
`The Dock 62
`Conveying Information in the Dock 62
`Clicking in the Dock 62
`The Finder 63
`File Formats and Filename Extensions 64
`Internationalization 64
`Multiple User Issues 65
`Resource Management 65
`Threads 66
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Using Mac OS X Technologies 67
`
`Address Book 67
`Animation 68
`Automator 70
`Bonjour 71
`Colors 71
`Dashboard 72
`
`4
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`CONTENTS
`
`High-Level Design Guidelines for Widgets 72
`User-Interface Design Guidelines for Widgets 73
`Fonts 74
`Preferences 75
`Printing 76
`Security 76
`Services 77
`Speech 78
`Spotlight 78
`User Assistance 80
`Apple Help 81
`Help Tags 81
`
`Chapter 7
`
`Software Installation and Software Updates 83
`
`Packaging 83
`Identify System Requirements 83
`Bundle Your Software 83
`Installation 84
`Use Internet-Enabled Disk Images 84
`Drag-and-Drop Installation 84
`Installation Packages 85
`General Installer Guidelines 85
`Setup Assistants 86
`Updating Installed Applications 88
`
`Part III
`
`The Aqua Interface 93
`
`Chapter 8
`
`User Input 95
`
`The Mouse and Other Pointing Devices 95
`Clicking 95
`Double-Clicking 96
`Pressing and Holding 96
`Dragging 96
`The Trackpad 96
`The Keyboard 97
`The Functions of Specific Keys 98
`Keyboard Shortcuts 104
`Keyboard Focus and Navigation 108
`Type-Ahead and Key-Repeat 109
`Selecting 109
`Selection Methods 110
`Selections in Text 113
`Selections in Spreadsheets 114
`
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`CONTENTS
`
`Selections in Graphics 115
`Editing Text 115
`Inserting Text 115
`Deleting Text 115
`Replacing a Selection 116
`Intelligent Cut and Paste 116
`Editing Text Fields 117
`Entering Passwords 117
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Drag and Drop 119
`
`Drag-and-Drop Overview 119
`Drag-and-Drop Semantics 119
`Move Versus Copy 120
`When to Check the Option Key State 120
`Selection Feedback 120
`Single-Gesture Selection and Dragging 121
`Background Selections 121
`Drag Feedback 121
`Destination Feedback 121
`Windows 122
`Text 122
`Lists 122
`Multiple Dragged Items 123
`Automatic Scrolling 123
`Using the Trash as a Destination 123
`Drop Feedback 123
`Finder Icons 123
`Graphics 124
`Text 124
`Transferring a Selection 124
`Feedback for an Invalid Drop 124
`Clippings 125
`
`Chapter 10
`
`Text 127
`
`Fonts 127
`Style 128
`Inserting Spaces Between Sentences 129
`Using the Ellipsis Character 129
`Using the Colon Character 130
`Labels for Interface Elements 133
`Capitalization of Interface Element Labels and Text 133
`Using Contractions in the Interface 135
`Using Abbreviations and Acronyms in the Interface 135
`Developer Terms and User Terms 136
`
`6
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`CONTENTS
`
`Chapter 11
`
`Icons 137
`
`Icon Genres and Families 137
`Application Icons 138
`User Application Icons 138
`Viewer, Player, and Accessory Icons 140
`Utility Icons 140
`Document Icons 140
`Toolbar Icons 141
`Icons for Plug-ins, Hardware, and Removable Media 142
`Icon Perspectives and Materials 143
`Creating Icons 145
`Tips for Designing Icons 145
`A Suggested Process for Creating Icons 145
`Creating Icons for Mac OS X v10.5 and Later 147
`Scaling Your Artwork 149
`Designing Toolbar Icons 150
`Designing Icons for Icon Buttons 151
`Designing Icons for Capsule-Style Toolbar Controls 152
`Designing Icons for Rectangular-Style Toolbar Controls 152
`System-Provided Images 153
`System-Provided Images for Use in Controls 154
`System-Provided Images for Use as Standalone Buttons 155
`System-Provided Images for Use as Toolbar Items 156
`System-Provided Images that Indicate Privileges 158
`A System-Provided Drag Image 158
`
`Chapter 12
`
`Pointers 159
`
`Standard Pointers 159
`Designing Your Own Pointers 161
`
`Chapter 13
`
`Menus 163
`
`Menu Behavior 163
`Designing the Elements of Menus 165
`Titling Menus 165
`Naming Menu Items 165
`Using Icons in Menus 167
`Using Symbols in Menus 168
`Toggled Menu Items 170
`Grouping Items in Menus 171
`Hierarchical Menus (Submenus) 172
`The Menu Bar and Its Menus 173
`The Apple Menu 175
`The Application Menu 175
`
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`CONTENTS
`
`The File Menu 177
`The Edit Menu 179
`The Format Menu 181
`The View Menu 182
`Application-Specific Menus 183
`The Window Menu 184
`The Help Menu 185
`Menu Bar Extras 185
`Contextual Menus 186
`Dock Menus 188
`
`Chapter 14
`
`Windows 189
`
`Types of Windows 189
`Window Appearance 190
`Window Elements 192
`The Title Bar 195
`Toolbars 198
`Scope Bars 203
`Source Lists 206
`Bottom Bars 210
`Drawers 212
`Window Behavior 214
`Opening Windows 214
`Naming New Windows 215
`Positioning Windows 216
`Moving Windows 218
`Resizing and Zooming Windows 218
`Minimizing and Expanding Windows 219
`Closing Windows 219
`Window Layering 220
`Scrolling Windows 223
`Panels 225
`Inspector Windows 227
`Transparent Panels 228
`Fonts Window and Colors Window 232
`About Windows 232
`Dialogs 233
`Types of Dialogs and When to Use Them 233
`Dialog Appearance and Behavior 238
`Find Windows 241
`Preferences Windows 241
`The Open Dialog 243
`Dialogs for Saving, Closing, and Quitting 244
`The Choose Dialog 249
`The Print Dialog 250
`
`8
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`CONTENTS
`
`Chapter 15
`
`Controls 253
`
`Window-Frame Controls 253
`Determining the State of a Window-Frame Control from its Appearance 254
`Rectangular-Style Toolbar Controls 255
`Capsule-Style Toolbar Controls 259
`Legacy Toolbar Controls 262
`Buttons 263
`Push Buttons 263
`Icon Buttons 267
`Scope Buttons 269
`Gradient Buttons 271
`The Help Button 274
`Bevel Buttons 275
`Round Buttons 277
`Selection Controls 278
`Radio Buttons 278
`Checkboxes 281
`Segmented Controls 284
`Icon Buttons and Bevel Buttons with Pop-Up Menus 286
`Pop-Up Menus 287
`Action Menus 291
`Combination Boxes 293
`Path Controls 296
`Color Wells 298
`Image Wells 298
`Date Pickers 299
`Command Pop-Down Menus 301
`Sliders 303
`The Stepper Control (Little Arrows) 307
`Placards 308
`Indicators 308
`Progress Indicators 308
`Level Indicators 313
`Text Controls 318
`Static Text Fields 319
`Text Input Fields 320
`Token Fields 322
`Search Fields 323
`Scrolling Lists 325
`View Controls 326
`Disclosure Triangles 326
`Disclosure Buttons 328
`List Views 330
`Column Views 331
`Split Views 333
`
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`CONTENTS
`
`Tab Views 335
`Grouping Controls 338
`Separators 339
`Group Boxes 341
`
`Chapter 16
`
`Layout Guidelines 343
`
`Positioning Regular-Size Controls in a Window Body 343
`A Simple Preferences Window 343
`A Tabbed Window 346
`A Standard Alert 349
`A Dialog with a List View 350
`Positioning Small and Mini Controls in a Window Body 352
`Layout Example for Small Controls 352
`Layout Example for Mini Controls 355
`Grouping Controls in a Window Body 357
`Grouping with White Space 357
`Grouping with Separators 358
`Grouping with Group Boxes 359
`Positioning Text and Controls in a Bottom Bar 361
`
`Appendix A
`
`Keyboard Shortcuts Quick Reference 363
`
`Glossary 371
`
`Document Revision History 379
`
`Index 383
`
`10
`
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`

`

`Figures and Tables
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Prioritizing Design Decisions 53
`
`Figure 4-1
`
`Prioritizing design decisions in three layers 53
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Using Mac OS X Technologies 67
`
`Figure 6-1
`Figure 6-2
`Figure 6-3
`Figure 6-4
`Figure 6-5
`Figure 6-6
`Figure 6-7
`Figure 6-8
`Figure 6-9
`Figure 6-10
`Figure 6-11
`Figure 6-12
`
`A people-picker window as used in Mail 67
`Animation allows items in a stack to emerge smoothly 68
`Colors window 71
`Dashboard widgets 72
`Fonts window 74
`Minimal Fonts window 74
`Typography inspector 75
`Print options available in Mac OS X 76
`The Spotlight icon and search field 78
`Spotlight search in a contextual menu 79
`A Spotlight results window 79
`A help tag 81
`
`Chapter 7
`
`Software Installation and Software Updates 83
`
`Figure 7-1
`Figure 7-2
`Figure 7-3
`Figure 7-4
`Figure 7-5
`
`Examples of assistant icons 86
`A setup assistant window 87
`An application-update preferences window 89
`An alert to describe the availability of a free application update 90
`An alert to describe the availability of a for-purchase upgrade 91
`
`Chapter 8
`
`User Input 95
`
`Figure 8-1
`Figure 8-2
`Figure 8-3
`Figure 8-4
`Figure 8-5
`Figure 8-6
`Figure 8-7
`Figure 8-8
`Table 8-1
`Table 8-2
`Table 8-3
`Table 8-4
`
`Keyboard focus for a text field 108
`Keyboard focus for a scrolling list 108
`Primary highlight color on child item; secondary color on parent 109
`Selection of a single item 110
`Selection of a range 111
`Shift-clicking in the addition model and the fixed-point model 111
`Discontinuous selection 112
`Discontinuous selection within an array 112
`101
`Moving the insertion point with the arrow keys
`102
`Extending text selection with the Shift and arrow keys
`Keyboard shortcuts reserved by the operating system 105
`Key combinations reserved for international systems 106
`
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`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Table 8-5
`
`Table 8-6
`
`Recommended keyboard shortcuts using Shift to complement other commands
`106
`Example of using Option to modify a shortcut already using Command 107
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Drag and Drop 119
`
`Table 9-1
`
`Common drag-and-drop operations and results 120
`
`Chapter 10
`
`Text 127
`
`Figure 10-1
`Figure 10-2
`Figure 10-3
`Figure 10-4
`
`Figure 10-5
`Figure 10-6
`Figure 10-7
`Figure 10-8
`
`Table 10-1
`Table 10-2
`Table 10-3
`
`Don't use a colon in the title of a group box 131
`Use a colon in text that precedes a control on the same line 131
`Use a colon in text that precedes the first control in a vertical list of controls 132
`Use a colon in text that precedes the first control in a horizontal list of controls
`132
`Use a colon in introductory text that appears above a control 132
`Use a colon in checkbox or radio button text that introduces a second control 132
`A colon is recommended in a sentence that is completed by a control's value 133
`A colon is optional if the text following the control forms a substantial part of the
`sentence 133
`Carbon constants and Cocoa methods for system fonts 128
`Proper capitalization of onscreen elements 134
`Translating developer terms into user terms 136
`
`Chapter 11
`
`Icons 137
`
`Figure 11-1
`
`Figure 11-2
`
`Figure 11-3
`Figure 11-4
`Figure 11-5
`Figure 11-6
`Figure 11-7
`Figure 11-8
`Figure 11-9
`Figure 11-10
`Figure 11-11
`Figure 11-12
`Figure 11-13
`Figure 11-14
`Figure 11-15
`Figure 11-16
`Figure 11-17
`Figure 11-18
`
`Application icons of different genres—user applications and utilities—shown as
`they can appear in the Dock 137
`Two icon genres: User application icons in top row; utility icons in bottom row
`138
`An icon family: The iTunes application icon and its associated icons 138
`The TextEdit application icon makes it obvious what this application is for 139
`The Preview application icon: An example of a tool element 139
`The Stickies application icon: Effective without the addition of a tool 139
`The icons for QuickTime Player, DVD Player, and Calculator 140
`Discriminating use of color in the Activity Monitor and System Profiler icons 140
`Icons for the Preview application and a Preview document 141
`Incorrect and correct badging of a document icon 141
`Keynote toolbar icons portray objects and tasks in a simple, streamlined way 141
`A plug-in icon 142
`Icons for external (top row) and internal hardware devices 142
`Icons for removable media 143
`Perspective for application icons: Sitting on a desk in front of you 143
`Perspective for flat utility icons 144
`Perspective for three-dimensional objects 144
`Perspective for toolbar icons 144
`
`12
`
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`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Figure 11-19
`Figure 11-20
`Figure 11-21
`
`Figure 11-22
`
`Figure 11-23
`Figure 11-24
`Figure 11-25
`
`Figure 11-26
`
`Figure 11-27
`Figure 11-28
`Figure 11-29
`Table 11-1
`Table 11-2
`Table 11-3
`Table 11-4
`Table 11-5
`Table 11-6
`
`Materials: Transparency used to convey meaning 145
`A 512 x 512 pixel icon should not be a scaled-up 128 x 128 pixel icon 147
`An icon with black edges can include an inner glow to look good in Cover Flow
`148
`Areas of high alpha levels at the lower edge of an icon can get clipped in Cover
`Flow 149
`Three ways to represent toolbar items 150
`When possible, use familiar symbols and images to represent toolbar items 151
`Images inside capsule-style toolbar controls should appear balanced and
`coordinated 151
`The circled icons appear elsewhere in the interface; they retain their perspective
`when used in a toolbar 152
`Standard images as used in the Finder toolbar 153
`The free-standing images can be used as borderless buttons 156
`An image that represents multiple documents in transit between locations 158
`Template images that represent common tasks 154
`Free-standing images that represent common actions 156
`Images that represent system entities 157
`Images that represent common preferences categories 157
`Images that represent standard toolbar items 158
`Images that represent categories of user permissions 158
`
`Chapter 12
`
`Pointers 159
`
`Figure 12-1
`Table 12-1
`
`Spinning wait cursor 161
`Standard pointers in Mac OS X 159
`
`Chapter 13
`
`Menus 163
`
`Figure 13-1
`Figure 13-2
`Figure 13-3
`Figure 13-4
`Figure 13-5
`Figure 13-6
`Figure 13-7
`Figure 13-8
`Figure 13-9
`Figure 13-10
`Figure 13-11
`Figure 13-12
`Figure 13-13
`Figure 13-14
`Figure 13-15
`Figure 13-16
`Figure 13-17
`
`Menu bar, Dock, and contextual menus 163
`Scrolling menu 164
`Menu elements 165
`Dynamic menu items 166
`Icons in the Finder Go menu 167
`Icons in the Safari History menu 168
`Symbols in menus 169
`Don’t use arbitrary symbols in menus 169
`Avoid ambiguous toggled menu items 171
`Grouping items in menus 172
`A hierarchical menu 173
`The menu bar displayed when the Finder is active 174
`A menu title is undimmed, even when all items are unavailable 174
`The Apple menu 175
`The Mail application menu 175
`The File menu 177
`The Edit menu 179
`
`2009-08-20 | © 1992, 2001-2003, 2009 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
`
`13
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`MemoryWeb Ex. 2027
`Apple v. MemoryWeb – IPR2022-00032
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`

`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Figure 13-18
`Figure 13-19
`Figure 13-20
`Figure 13-21
`Figure 13-22
`Figure 13-23
`Figure 13-24
`
`Figure 13-25
`Table 13-1
`
`A Format menu 181
`A View menu 182
`Finder toolbar customization window 183
`Application-specific menus in Safari 183
`A Window menu 184
`A Help menu 185
`A contextual menu for an icon in the Finder and for a text selection in a document
`187
`The customized iTunes Dock menu 188
`Acceptable characters for use in menus 168
`
`Chapter 14
`
`Windows 189
`
`Figure 14-1
`Figure 14-2
`Figure 14-3
`Figure 14-4
`Figure 14-5
`Figure 14-6
`Figure 14-7
`Figure 14-8
`Figure 14-9
`Figure 14-10
`Figure 14-11
`
`Figure 14-12
`
`Figure 14-13
`Figure 14-14
`Figure 14-15
`Figure 14-16
`Figure 14-17
`Figure 14-18
`Figure 14-19
`Figure 14-20
`Figure 14-21
`Figure 14-22
`Figure 14-23
`
`Figure 14-24
`Figure 14-25
`
`Figure 14-26
`Figure 14-27
`Figure 14-28
`Figure 14-29
`
`Types of windows in Mac OS X 190
`Toolbars and bottom bars are optional window parts 191
`A brushed metal window designed for Tiger changes its look for Leopard 192
`Standard window parts displayed in a document window 193
`A bottom bar in an application window 194
`A scope bar in an application window 195
`Title bar buttons for standard windows 196
`The close button in its unsaved changes state 197
`A proxy icon being dragged to another application 197
`Proxy icons in windows with saved and unsaved changes 198
`A document path pop-up menu, opened by Command-clicking the proxy icon
`198
`Many Tiger applications automatically receive the Leopard look when running in
`Mac OS X v10.5 and later 199
`Many standard icons are available for use in window-frame controls 200
`The RSS pane of the Mail preferences window 200
`The toolbar control 201
`Three options for arranging toolbar items 202
`Toolbar items arranged by functionality 202
`Two styles for toolbar items 203
`A scope bar supports find operations within a window 204
`A scope bar can display filter rows for refining a search 205
`A scope bar can act as a filter 206
`Source lists help users navigate and select collections of objects or data 207
`A source list may support selection in a window, not in the application as a whole
`208
`A source list can contain disclosure triangles 209
`A bottom bar contains controls that affect the window-body contents or
`organization 210
`A bottom bar and its controls can be regular-size or small 211
`Controls in bottom bars can contain system-provided or custom images 212
`An open drawer next to its parent window 213
`The System Preferences window in its default state 215
`
`14
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`2009-08-20 | © 1992, 2001-2003, 2009 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
`
`MemoryWeb Ex. 2027
`Apple v. MemoryWeb – IPR2022-00032
`
`

`

`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Figure 14-30
`Figure 14-31
`Figure 14-32
`Figure 14-33
`
`Figure 14-34
`Figure 14-35
`Figure 14-36
`Figure 14-37
`Figure 14-38
`Figure 14-39
`Figure 14-40
`Figure 14-41
`Figure 14-42
`
`Figure 14-43
`
`Figure 14-44
`Figure 14-45
`Figure 14-46
`
`Figure 14-47
`Figure 14-48
`Figure 14-49
`Figure 14-50
`Figure 14-51
`Figure 14-52
`Figure 14-53
`Figure 14-54
`Figure 14-55
`Figure 14-56
`Figure 14-57
`Figure 14-58
`Figure 14-59
`Figure 14-60
`
`Figure 14-61
`Figure 14-62
`Figure 14-63
`Figure 14-64
`
`Appropriate titles for a series of unnamed windows 216
`Examples of correct and incorrect window titles 216
`Placement of a new nondocument window 217
`Appropriate placement of a new window on a system with multiple monitors (the
`user moved the first window to span the screens) 218
`Main, key, and inactive windows 221
`An inactive window with controls that support click-through 222
`The Delete button on the inactive window does not support click-through 223
`The elements of a scroll bar 224
`Examples of standard panels 226
`Panel controls 227
`An inspector window 228
`An example of a transparent panel 229
`A transparent panel allows users to make adjustments without distracting them
`from the main window 230
`A transparent panel can be appropriate for tasks that focus on highly visual content
`231
`The Fonts window and Colors window provided by Mac OS X 232
`Example of an About window 232
`The Save Changes alert: An example of using a sheet to display a document-modal
`dialog 234
`A standard alert 236
`A customized alert showing the caution icon badged with an application icon 237
`A poorly written alert message 237
`An improved alert message 237
`A well-written alert message 238
`Position of buttons at the bottom of a dialog 239
`A Find window 241
`An example of a preferences window 242
`An Open dialog 243
`A customized Open dialog 244
`The minimal (collapsed) Save dialog 245
`The expanded Save dialog 246
`A Save Changes alert for an application that is not document-based 247
`The Review Changes (application-modal) alert that appears when the user quits
`with more than one unsaved document open 248
`Alert for confirming replacing a file 249
`A Choose dialog 249
`A Print dialog (a sheet attached to a document window) 250
`The Page Setup dialog 251
`
`Chapter 15
`
`Controls 253
`
`Figure 15-1
`Figure 15-2
`Figure 15-3
`
`Variations of the rectangular-style toolbar control 255
`Rectangular-style toolbar controls in a toolbar 256
`Rectangular-style toolbar controls in a bottom bar 256
`
`2009-08-20 | © 1992, 2001-2003, 2009 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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`15
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`MemoryWeb Ex. 2027
`Apple v. MemoryWeb – IPR2022-00032
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`

`

`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Figure 15-4
`Figure 15-5
`Figure 15-6
`Figure 15-7
`Figure 15-8
`Figure 15-9
`Figure 15-10
`Figure 15-11
`
`Figure 15-12
`Figure 15-13
`Figure 15-14
`Figure 15-15
`Figure 15-16
`Figure 15-17
`Figure 15-18
`Figure 15-19
`Figure 15-20
`Figure 15-21
`Figure 15-22
`Figure 15-23
`Figure 15-24
`Figure 15-25
`Figure 15-26
`Figure 15-27
`Figure 15-28
`Figure 15-29
`Figure 15-30
`Figure 15-31
`Figure 15-32
`Figure 15-33
`Figure 15-34
`Figure 15-35
`Figure 15-36
`Figure 15-37
`Figure 15-38
`Figure 15-39
`Figure 15-40
`Figure 15-41
`Figure 15-42
`Figure 15-43
`Figure 15-44
`Figure 15-45
`Figure 15-46
`Figure 15-47
`Figure 15-48
`
`Toggle controls in the iCal bottom bar clearly indicate their current state 258
`A capsule-style toolbar control used as a segmented control 260
`Capsule-style toolbar controls in a toolbar 261
`Examples of push buttons in different types of windows 264
`A push button label can include an ellipsis 266
`OK and Cancel buttons
`266
`Icon button examples 267
`Example relationships of the icon, button, and hit-target dimensions in an icon
`button 268
`Recessed scope buttons used to define the scope of a look-up 270
`Round rectangle scope buttons used to save, change, and set scoping criteria 270
`Gradient buttons used to add and remove items in a list 272
`Gradient buttons can behave in different ways 273
`Help button in a preferences pane 274
`Bevel buttons in an inspector window 275
`Bevel button examples 276
`Examples of round buttons 277
`Radio buttons offer mutually exclusive choices 278
`A radio button can change the state of an application 279
`Radio button label alignment 280
`Checkboxes provide on-off choices to the user 281
`Checkboxes can be indented to show a dependent relationship 282
`Checkbox label alignment 283
`Segmented controls can be used as radio buttons 284
`Segmented controls can contain icons or text 285
`Bevel and icon buttons can include pop-up menus 287
`Pop-up menus provide users with menu functionality in a control 288
`An open pop-up menu 289
`A pop-up menu with an introductory label and menu-item text 290
`Pop-up menus stacked vertically 290
`An Action menu in the Finder toolbar 291
`An Action menu can be below a list view or source list 292
`A combo box allows users to select from a list or supply their own item 294
`A combo box with the list open 294
`A combo box with an introductory label and list-item text 295
`A path control displays the path of the current item 296
`A path control can accommodate a large number of locations 297
`Color wells in an inspector window 298
`An image well in a preferences pane 299
`Textual and graphical date pickers in a preferences pane 300
`A textual date-picker control 300
`A graphical date-picker control 301
`A command pop-down menu in the Colors window 301
`An open command pop-down menu 302
`A command pop-down menu 302
`Sliders allow users to choose from a continuous range of values 303
`
`16
`
`2009-08-20 | © 1992, 2001-2003, 2009 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
`
`MemoryWeb Ex. 2027
`Apple v. MemoryWeb – IPR2022-00032
`
`

`

`FIGURES AND TABLES
`
`Figure 15-49
`Figure 15-50
`Figure 15-51
`Figure 15-52
`Figure 15-53
`Figure 15-54
`Figure 15-55
`
`Figure 15-56
`Figure 15-57
`
`Figure 15-58
`Figure 15-59
`Figure 15-60
`Figure 15-61
`
`Figure 15-62
`
`Figure 15-63
`Figure 15-64
`Figure 15-65
`Figure 15-66
`Figure 15-67
`Figure 15-68
`Figure 15-69
`Figure 15-70
`Figure 15-71
`Figure 15-72
`Figure 15-73
`Figure 15-74
`Figure 15-75
`Figure 15-76
`Figure 15-77
`Figure 15-78
`Figure 15-79
`Figure 15-80
`Figure 15-81
`Figure 15-82
`Figure 15-83
`Figure 15-84
`Figure 15-85
`Figure 15-86
`Figure 15-87
`
`Figure 15-88
`Figure 15-89
`
`A circular slider 304
`A linear slider without tick marks should display a round thumb 305
`Examples of different types of sliders 305
`Stepper controls in a panel 307
`A regular-size stepper control 308
`A placard 308
`A determinate progress bar provides feedback on a process with a known duration
`309
`The active and inactive appearance of a determinate progress bar 310
`An indetermina