US008611317B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Banerjea et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,611,317 B2
`Dec. 17, 2013
`
`(54)
`
`(75)
`
`(73)
`
`(*)
`
`(21)
`(22)
`(65)
`
`(60)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`(58)
`
`SMULTANEOUSLY MANTAINING
`BLUETOOTH AND 802.11 CONNECTIONS TO
`INCREASE DATA THROUGHPUT
`
`Inventors: Raja Banerjea, Sunnyvale, CA (US);
`Robert Fanfelle, Redwood City, CA
`(US)
`Assignee: Marvell World Trade Ltd., St. Michael
`(BB)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 643 days.
`Appl. No.: 12/182,758
`
`Notice:
`
`Filed:
`
`Jul. 30, 2008
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2009/OO34498A1
`Feb. 5, 2009
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`Provisional application No. 60/952,744, filed on Jul.
`30, 2007.
`
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2009.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`Int. C.
`H04784/12
`H0478/04
`H04784/18
`H04788/06
`H04W 74/08
`H04788/08
`H047 72/04
`H04W 76/00
`H04B L/50
`H04B I/56
`U.S. C.
`USPC ............ 370/338; 370/328; 370/329; 370/339
`Field of Classification Search
`USPC .................................................. 370/336,338
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
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`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6.430,395 B2*
`6,549,762 B1
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`8, 2002 Arazi et al.
`4/2003 Hirabe
`(Continued)
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
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`.
`
`.
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`.
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`International Standard, ISO/IEC 8802-11, ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11,
`Information technology Telecommunications and information
`exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area net
`works—Specific requirements—Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium
`Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications.
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner — Ian N Moore
`Assistant Examiner — Jenee Alexander
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A device for wirelessly communicating between one or more
`mobile communication devices over a wireless network. A
`primary mobile communication device is configured to estab
`lish one or more connections to one or more secondary mobile
`communication devices. The primary mobile communication
`device is further configured to establish a first connection and
`a second connection to at least one of the secondary mobile
`communication devices. The first connection is a Bluetooth
`(BT) connection and the second connection is a Wireless
`Fidelity (WiFi) connection. The primary mobile device is also
`configured to establish a third connection to another second
`ary mobile communication device wherein the third connec
`tion is a WiFi connection. Additionally, the primary mobile
`communication device is configured to simultaneously main
`tain the BT connection and the WiFi connections during the
`bi-directional transmission of data between the primary
`mobile communication device and the secondary mobile
`communication devices.
`25 Claims, 16 Drawing Sheets
`
`106
`Secondary
`Mobile
`Communication
`Devices
`
`
`
`O4.
`
`Secondary
`Mobile
`Communication
`Devices
`
`Page 1 of 28
`
`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1021
`
`

`

`US 8,611,317 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
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`*
`
`cited by examiner
`
`Page 2 of 28
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`

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`
`
`
`
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`Signal
`Processing and/
`or Control
`
`1360
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`FIG. 13C
`
`
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`
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`1390-? a Mass Data
`Storage
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`
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`Processing
`and/or
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`
`FIG. 13D
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`1394
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`Page 16 of 28
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 17, 2013
`
`Sheet 15 of 16
`
`US 8,611,317 B2
`
`
`
`Mass
`Data
`Storage
`
`
`
`
`
`Media Player
`
`1316
`
`Signal
`Processing and 1
`or Control
`
`Audio Output -1309
`1307
`1308
`
`FIG. 13E
`
`Page 17 of 28
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 17, 2013
`
`Sheet 16 of 16
`
`US 8,611,317 B2
`
`
`
`VoIP Player
`Mass Memory-1357
`Data
`Storage
`
`Communication
`Module
`
`
`
`1356
`
`1354
`
`- 1350
`
`
`
`1366
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Signal
`Processing and/
`Or Control
`
`1358
`Audio Out -1360
`1362
`
`User input
`
`
`
`1364
`
`FIG. 13F
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`Page 18 of 28
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`

`

`US 8,611,317 B2
`
`1.
`SIMULTANEOUSLY MANTAINING
`BLUETOOTH AND 802.11 CONNECTIONS TO
`INCREASE DATA THROUGHPUT
`
`CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATES
`APPLICATIONS
`
`The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provi
`sional Application No. 60/952,744, entitled “BT 802.11
`AMP filed on Jul.30, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by
`reference herein in its entirety.
`
`10
`
`FIELD OF THE TECHNOLOGY
`
`The present disclosure relates generally to communication
`systems, and more particularly, to wireless communication
`systems that jointly use a Bluetooth connection and an 802.11
`connection to wirelessly communicate data between mobile
`communication devices.
`
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`
`DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
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`Wireless networks continue to increase in demand as con
`Sumers flock toward mobile computing devices and as manu
`facturers continue to develop wireless devices with greater
`25
`capabilities. The proliferation of wireless networks is wide
`spread and diverse. Many consumers use local area wireless
`networks in their homes to provide internet access to multiple
`devices. Many of those same consumers employ personal
`area wireless networks for interconnecting handheld or
`mobile devices. Finally many cities have begun arranging
`wireless networks to provide connectivity over large metro
`politan areas.
`There are numerous types of wireless networks and net
`work protocols. Wireless local area networks (WLAN) typi
`cally include one of the various Institute of Electrical and
`Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard wireless pro
`tocols, first promulgated in 1999. These protocols include
`IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b,802.11n, and 802.11g, which operate
`at different spectrum bands and/or different multiplexing or
`spread spectrum schemes to deliver various bit rates to
`devices on the network. These 802.11 standards are also
`implied hereinbelow when the term "WiFi network or simi
`lar term is used hereinbelow. There is no implication in this
`document that devices described as part of a WiFi network
`have successfully passed conformance or interoperability
`testing for instance that testing providing by the Wi-Fi Alli
`ance Special Interest Group.
`Another type of wireless network is collectively known as
`a wireless personal area network (WPAN) which involves the
`interconnection of devices that are typically, but not neces
`sarily, physically located closer together than wireless local
`area networks (WLAN). An example of a popular WPAN is
`based on the Bluetooth set of wireless protocol specifications
`as well as described in the IEEE 802.15.1 standard wireless
`protocols.
`Either networking technology may support connections to
`multiple devices simultaneously including laptop computers,
`handheld computers, printers, storage media, cellular tele
`phones or digital media players. In some examples, especially
`those involving WiFi networks, the wireless devices may be
`contained in other network equipment, such as access points,
`routers, switches, etc. to allow information transfer beyond
`the immediate wireless network and to a larger intercon
`nected network.
`Each networking technology has its own advantages. Blue
`tooth technology incorporates profiles that enable devices to
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`perform predefined interoperable tasks independent of device
`manufacturer, operating system, or class of device. Although
`Bluetooth devices utilize interoperable profiles, these devices
`use a transceiver that typically provides lower data through
`put and shorter range than devices utilizing WiFi technology.
`As such, it would be desirable to provide a system that is
`capable of increasing data throughput for sending Bluetooth
`profile data by utilizing two network protocols such as Blue
`tooth and WiFi to wirelessly communicate between mobile
`communication devices.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`In an embodiment, a method for communication between
`mobile communication devices on a wireless network, the
`method comprising: establishing a Bluetooth connection (BT
`connection); establishing an IEEE 802.11 connection; simul
`taneously maintaining both the BT connection and the IEEE
`802.11 connection; and transmitting Bluetooth data packets
`(BT data packets) over the IEEE 802.11 connection.
`In yet another embodiment, an apparatus for simultaneous
`communication on a wireless network, the apparatus com
`prising: a primary mobile communication device to establish
`one or more connections to one or more secondary mobile
`communication devices; the primary mobile communication
`device to establish a first connection and a second connection
`to at least one of the secondary mobile communication
`devices wherein the first connection is a Bluetooth connection
`(BT connection) and the second connection is an IEEE
`802.11 connection; the primary mobile device to establish a
`third connection to another secondary mobile communica
`tion device wherein the third connection is an IEEE 802.11
`connection; and the primary mobile communication device to
`simultaneously maintain both the BT connection and the
`IEEE 802.11 connections while the primary mobile commu
`nication device simultaneously transmits data to the second
`ary mobile communication devices.
`In still another embodiment, an apparatus for simultaneous
`communication on a wireless network, the apparatus com
`prising: a primary mobile communication device to establish
`one or more connections to a secondary mobile communica
`tion device and an Access Point (AP); the primary mobile
`communication device to establish a first connection and a
`second connection to the secondary mobile communication
`device wherein the first connection is a Bluetooth connection
`(BT connection) and the second connection is an IEEE
`802.11 connection; the primary mobile device to establish a
`third connection to the AP wherein the third connection is a
`WiFi or IEEE 802.11 connection; and the primary mobile
`communication device to simultaneously maintain both the
`BT connection and the IEEE 802.11 connections while the
`primary mobile communication device simultaneously trans
`mits data to both the secondary mobile communication device
`and the AP
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless network
`including a primary mobile communication device wirelessly
`communicating to secondary mobile communication
`devices;
`FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wireless network includ
`ing a Bluetooth Alternate MAC Physical Layer (BT AMP)
`primary mobile communication device transferring data over
`a Bluetooth connection, a WiFi connection and Bluetooth
`Synchronous Connection Orientated (BT SCO) connection
`to secondary mobile communication devices;
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`US 8,611,317 B2
`
`3
`FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a wireless network includ
`ing a BT AMP primary mobile communication device trans
`ferring data over a Bluetooth connection, a WiFi Connection
`and Bluetooth Asynchronous Connectionless Link (BTACL)
`connection to secondary mobile communication devices;
`FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a wireless network includ
`ing a BT AMP primary mobile communication device trans
`ferring data over a Bluetooth connection and an 802.11 con
`nection to a secondary mobile communication device while
`simultaneously communicating to an Access Point (AP);
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an implementation of
`a BT AMP protocol stack of a mobile communication device:
`FIG. 6 illustrates a signal diagram for device managers and
`controllers of a BT AMP mobile communication device dis
`covering another BT AMP mobile communication devices;
`FIG. 7 illustrates a signal diagram indicating the device
`managers and controllers of two mobile communication
`devices interacting to create a WiFi physical link:
`FIG. 8 illustrates a signal diagram indicating the device
`managers and controllers of two mobile communication
`devices interacting to create a channel AMP between the
`mobile communication devices;
`FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram indicating the functional
`blocks in the PAL;
`FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an 802.11 data packet/
`frame transmitted over an 802.11 connection between two
`mobile communication devices;
`FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the transmission of a
`Bluetooth data packet and an 802.11 data packet over an
`802.11 connection using a polling-the-slave-per-packet data
`transmission scheme:
`FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the transmission of a
`Bluetooth data packet and an 802.11 data packet/frame over a
`Bluetooth connection and an 802.11 connection using a
`Transmission Opportunity (TxOP)-to-the-slave data trans
`mission scheme; and
`FIGS. 13 A-13F illustrate various devices in which a BT
`AMP layer may be added part of these devices protocol stack.
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`communication device 102 may be a Bluetooth Alternate
`MAC Physical layer (BT AMP) mobile communication
`device. Likewise, the secondary mobile communication
`devices 104 and 106 may be BT AMP mobile communication
`devices. The primary mobile communication device 102
`communicates with the secondary mobile communication
`devices 104 and 106 through a series of connections 108, 110.
`and 112, independent of the order in which the connections
`are established. The data connection 108 may be a standard
`Bluetooth communication link for transmitting all types of
`data Such as Voice, images, text, or sound between the mobile
`communication devices 102 and 106.
`For wireless communications between the mobile commu
`nication devices 102 and 104, two connections 110 and 112
`may be used. First, a Bluetooth connection (BT connection)
`110 may be established between the mobile communication
`devices 102 and 104 through a Bluetooth scanning and dis
`covery process that creates a connection between the two
`mobile communication devices 102 and 104. Once the BT
`connection 110 is established between the mobile communi
`cation devices 102 and 104, a WiFi connection 112 may be
`established between the mobile communication devices 102
`and 104. These connections 110 and 112 are referred to herein
`collectively as the BT 802.11 connection, and may both oper
`ate at 2.4 GHz frequency.
`Both the BT connection 110 and the WiFi connection 112
`may be simultaneously maintained to transmit data. For
`example, configuration data may be transmitted over the BT
`connection 110, including data used to create a physical link
`and a logical link. Multimedia data may be transmitted over
`the WiFi connection 112, including data such as voice, text,
`images, Sound, etc. Indeed, any type of data Such as Voice,
`images, text, or Sound may be wirelessly transmitted on the
`WiFi connection 112 between the mobile communication
`devices 102 and 104. The data may be transmitted in a BT
`802.11 frame which includes 802.11 data and Bluetooth
`packet profile data. Alternatively, the BT connection 110 may
`be configured to wirelessly transmit data between the mobile
`communication devices 102 and 104.
`FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 provide an example of various implemen
`tations of the mobile communications devices 102, 104 and
`106.
`FIG. 2 is a diagram of a wireless network 200 having a
`primary mobile communication device 202 (shown as a
`mobile handheld computing device) capable of communicat
`ing with two secondary mobile communication devices 204
`and 206 (206 shown as a Bluetooth ready headset attached to
`a user). Communication with the device 206 may be achieved
`over a synchronous connection oriented (SCO) connection
`208. Communication with the device 204 is achieved using a
`BT connection 210 and a WiFi connection 212. The SCO
`connection 208 is used for transmitting voice data between
`the devices 206 and 204. The BT connection 210 and the WiFi.
`connection 212 may transmit configuration data and multi
`media data, respectively, for example to form a BT 802.11
`link. As with the other embodiments described herein, com
`munication between devices 202 and 204 may occur simul
`taneously as communication between devices 202 and 206 is
`achieved.
`A High Quality Voice 3 (HV3) profile may be sent in a SCO
`data packet to the secondary mobile communication device
`206 over the SCO connection 208. The SCO data packets may
`occupy 2 consecutive slots out of 6 time slots of SCO data
`packets, where 30 bytes of data are used in one SCO slot. The
`WiFi connection 212 may use the remaining 4 slots to trans
`mit Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets having
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`40
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example wireless network
`100, which may representa short range or long range network
`and which may be an ad hoc topology or infrastructure topol
`ogy with a primary mobile communication device 102 wire
`lessly communicating to secondary mobile communication
`devices 104 and 106. In the illustrated example, the primary
`mobile communication device 102 may be a portable digital
`assistant (PDA), cellular phone, vehicle, media player, laptop
`computer, wireless Supported desktop computers, gaming
`systems, wireless networking devices such as routers,
`Switches, etc., or any other portable computing device. Simi
`larly, the secondary mobile communication devices 104 and
`106 may be any portable computing device as described
`herein with respect to the primary mobile communication
`device 102. In a WLAN environment, the primary mobile
`communication device 102 and the secondary mobile com
`munication devices 104 and 106 may be compliant with one
`of the accepted or contemplated wireless communication pro
`tocols, of which IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n
`and Bluetooth (BT), are examples. But these are only pro
`vided by way of example. The mobile communication
`devices 102, 104, 106 may operate under any two or more
`wireless protocols desired.
`As shown in FIG. 1, the primary mobile communication
`device 102 may wirelessly communicate with two secondary
`mobile communication devices 104 and 106. The mobile
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`5
`Bluetooth profile data. One example of the Bluetooth profile
`data is the Generic Object Exchange profile.
`FIG. 3 is a diagram of a wireless network 300 similar to
`FIG. 2 but having a primary mobile communication device
`302 wirelessly communicating with two secondary mobile
`communication devices 304 and 306 over an Asynchronous
`Connection Link (ACL) connection, 308, BT connection 310
`and WiFi connection 312. In one embodiment, the ACL con
`nection 308 may be established between the primary mobile
`communication device 302 and the secondary mobile com
`10
`munication device 306. The ACL connection 308 may be an
`asynchronous (packet-switched) connection used to send
`multimedia data between two mobile communication
`devices. For example, Advanced Audio Distribution Profile
`(A2DP) data may be transferred between the mobile commu
`15
`nication devices 302 and 306. The A2DP data defines how
`high quality audio (stereo or mono) can be streamed from one
`device to another over a Bluetooth connection. In this way,
`music and other data may be streamed from a mobile phone to
`a wireless headset.
`A BT connection 310 and a WiFi connection 312 may be
`used for transmitting configuration data and multimedia data
`between the mobile communication devices 302 and 304. An
`ACL profile may be sent in an ACL data packet to the sec
`ondary mobile communication device 306 over the ACL con
`nection 308. The ACL profile may contain a 3-DH5 packet
`with a total A2DP overhead requirement of 450 kbps. The
`high rate A2DP with Sub Band Coding (SBC) is about 350
`kbps. In one example, 6 slots out of 30 time slots of ACL
`packet data may be used for ACL traffic over the ACL con
`30
`nection 308. The WiFi connection 312 may use the remaining
`24 slots to transmit TCP packets having Bluetooth profile
`data. In another example, the ACL packets may occupy 4
`consecutive slots out of 12. As such, the WiFi connection 312
`may use the remaining 8 slots to transmit TCP packets having
`Bluetooth profile data.
`FIG. 4 is a diagram of a wireless network 400 having a
`primary mobile communication device 402 wirelessly com
`municating with a secondary mobile communication device
`406 and access point (AP) 404 (404 shown as a wireless
`router). Alternatively, the AP 404 may be a portable base
`station, mobile base station, or any device capable of sending
`802.11 packets. In one embodiment, the 802.11 connection
`408 may be established between the primary mobile commu
`nication device 402 and the AP 404. Over the 802.11 connec
`45
`tion 408, multimedia data may be transferred between the
`mobile communication device 402 and AP 404. The 802.11
`connection 408 may be used to transmit data between the
`mobile communication devices 402 and AP 404. A BT con
`nection 410 and a WiFi connection 412 may be used for
`transmitting configuration data and multimedia data between
`the mobile communication devices 402 and 406.