NASA - Baikonur Cosmodrome
`
`9/1/21, 4:23 PM
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`Baikonur Cosmodrome
`
`Baikonur Cosmodrome is the launch
`complex where Sputnik 1, Earth's first
`artificial satellite, was launched.
`
`Image at right: Launch Complex 333-L:
`Baikonur has two Proton launch
`complexes, one for international launches,
`and one for Russian military launches.
`Each launch complex consists of two
`launch pads. Launch Complex 333, the left
`launch pad, was used for the Zarya launch.
`This launch pad, which is also referred to
`as "point 23," was fully refurbished in 1989.
`Launch pad 333-R is currently undergoing
`refurbishment.
`
`The rocket that lifted Yuri Gagarin, the first
`human in orbit, was also launched from
`Baikonur. In fact, all Russian crewed
`missions are launched from Baikonur, as
`well as all geostationary, lunar, planetary and ocean surveillance missions.
`
`All space station flights using Russian launch vehicles will be launched from Baikonur. Baikonur is also
`the only Russian launch site capable of launching the Proton launch vehicle, which was used for Zarya,
`the first element launch of the space station.
`
`The name Baikonur is misleading. The former Soviet Union used the name and coordinates of a small
`mining town, Baikonur, to describe the location of its rocket complex. In fact, the launch complex is about
`322 kilometers (200 miles) southwest of the mining town near Tyuratam in Kazakhstan. This
`misrepresentation was done intentionally to hide the actual location of the launch complex. Although the
`true location is now known, the launch complex is still referred to as Baikonur.
`
`Location
`
`The Baikonur Cosmodrome is located in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in a semi-arid zone. It is
`approximately 2,100 kilometers (1,300 miles) southeast of Moscow, Russia. The annual temperature
`averages 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees Fahrenheit), but ranges from minus 40 degrees Celsius (minus
`40 degrees Fahrenheit) in winter to plus 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) in the summer.
`
`Map of Baikonur Cosmodrome
`
`https://web.archive.org/web/20060928234623/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/baikonur.html
`
`Page 1 of 2
`
`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1019
`Page 1 of 3
`
`

`

`NASA - Baikonur Cosmodrome
`
`9/1/21, 4:23 PM
`
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`NASA Official: Brian Dunbar
`Last Updated: June 14, 2006
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`https://web.archive.org/web/20060928234623/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/baikonur.html
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`Page 2 of 2
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1019
`Page 2 of 3
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`The name Baikonuris misleading. The former Soviet Union used the name and coordinates of a small
`mining town, Baikonur, to describe the location of its rocket complex. In fact, the launch complex is about
`322 kilometers (200 miles) southwestof the mining town near Tyuratam in Kazakhstan. This
`misrepresentation was done intentionally to hide the actual location of the launch complex. Although the
`true location is now known, the launch complexisstill referred to as Baikonur.
`
`Baikonur Cosmodrome
`
`Baikonur Cosmodromeis the launch
`complex where Sputnik 1, Earth's first
`artificial satellite, was launched.
`
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`The rocketthatlifted Yuri Gagarin, the first
`humanin orbit, was also launched from
`Baikonur. In fact, all Russian crewed
`missions are launched from Baikonur, as
`=
`7
`well as all geostationary, lunar, planetary and ocean surveillance tmissions.
`
`All space station flights using Russian launch vehicles will be launched from Baikonur. Baikonur is also
`the only Russian launch site capable of launching the Proton launch vehicle, which was used for Zarya,
`the first element launch of the space station.
`
`Location
`
`The Baikonur Cosmodromeis located in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in a semi-arid zone. It is
`approximately 2,100 kilometers (1,300 miles) southeast of Moscow, Russia. The annual temperature
`averages 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees Fahrenheit), but ranges from minus 40 degrees Celsius (minus
`40 degrees Fahrenheit) in winter to plus 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) in the summer.
`
`Mapof Baikonur Cosmodrome
`“Rokot" launch vehicle
`
`"Tsiklon" launch vehicle
`
`" launch vehicle
`
`"Proton" launch vehicle
`
`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1019
`Page 3 of 3
`
`