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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`Page 286 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`Page 287 of 557
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`Page 288 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`Page 290 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`



  
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`Page 292 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
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`Page 293 of 557
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`



  
` !
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 294 of 557
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` 
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 295 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 296 of 557
`
`



  
` !
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 297 of 557
`
`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

`EP 0 840 350&2
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`Page 298 of 557
`
`



  
` !
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

`EP 0 840 350 &2
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`38
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`  
`
`
`Page 299 of 557
`
`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

`EP 0 840 350 &2
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`
`
`Page 300 of 557
`
`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

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`
`Page 301 of 557
`
`



  
`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`SEASTAL
`
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`Page 302 of 557
`
`



  
`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
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`Page 303 of 557
`
`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

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`
`Page 304 of 557
`
`



  
`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

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`
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`Page 305 of 557
`
`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 306 of 557
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`
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 307 of 557
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`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`Page 308 of 557
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
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`(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property
`Organization
`International Bureau
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`24 June 2004 (24.06.2004)
`
` (10) International Publication Number
`
`WO 2004/054096 Al
`
`(51) International Patent Classification’:
`
`HO03F 1/52, 1/56
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`PCT/TB2003/005939
`
`(74) Common Representative: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS
`ELECTRONICSN.V.; c/o Biren, Steven, P.O. Box 3001,
`Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510-8001 (US).
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`10 December 2003 (10.12.2003)
`
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`English
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`60/432,939
`
`12 December 2002 (12.12.2002)
`
`US
`
`(71) Applicant(for all designated States except US): KONIN-
`KLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.
`[NL/NL],
`Groenewoudseweg |, NL-5621 BA Eindhoven (NL).
`
`(72)
`(75)
`
`Inventors; and
`Inventors/Applicants (for US only): OSMAN, Saleh
`[US/US]; P.O. Box 3001, Briarcliff Manor, NY
`10510-8001 (US). KEENAN, Richard,
`KF.
`[US/US];
`P.O. Box 3001, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510-8001 (US).
`LUCEK, Jaroslaw [US/US]; P.O. Box 3001, Briarcliff
`Manor, NY 10510-8001 (US).
`
`(81) Designated States (national): AR, AG, AT., AM, AT, AU,
`AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU,
`CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE,
`GH, GM, HR, HU,ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR,
`KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK,
`MN, MW, MX, MZ, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT,
`RO, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR,
`TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, YU, ZA, ZM, ZW.
`
`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (BW, GH,
`GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW),
`Burasian patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM),
`European patent (AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE,
`BS, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU,IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, RO, SE,
`SI, SK, TR), OAPI patent (BE BJ, CK CG, Cl, CM, GA,
`GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`Declaration under Rule 4.17:
`as to applicant’s entitlement to applyfor and be granted a
`patent (Rule 4.17(ii)) for all designations
`
`[Continued on next page]
`
`(54) Title: PRESERVING LINEARITY OF AN ISOLATOR-FREE POWER AMPLIFIER BY DYNAMICALLY ADJUSTING
`BIAS AND SUPPLY OF ACTIVE DEVICES
`
`120
`\
`
`140
`
`iar
`
`
`
`150
`
`Fd
`
`
`
`445
`
`110 "
`Nee
`
`449
`
`
`
`100 &
`
`(57) Abstract: An amplificr circuit (100) includesa driver stage (120) with at least an active device (140) for pre-amplification and
`output of a pre-amplified signal; and an output stage (160) with at
`least an active device (180) for further amplification of the pre-
`amplified signal and output of an amplified signal. A detector (190) measures levels of forward and reflected parts of the amplified
`signal, and a controlcircuit (145) modifies DC levels or offsets of the pre-amplified and/or amplified signals to substantially maintain
`linearity of the amplifier circuit (100) with load variations. The control circuit (145) further independently and selectively controls
`and adjusts the DC bias at the input ofthe active devices (140, 180) of the driver and output stages (120, 160) as a function of the
`levels of the forward andreflected signals to substantially maintain linearity of the amplifier circuit (100) with load variations.
`
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`Page 310 of 557
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`
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`
`
`
`
`2004/054096Ad.IIITTINNIVIRUIMTANINNANIITTINAKIAMAA
`
`

`

`WO 2004/054096 Ad
`
`_|IINMNNTNITTITANTNIT TITIAN NITICA T RUAYTA
`
`Published:
`—_with international search report
`
`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid-
`ance Notes on Codes andAbbreviations" appearing at the begin-
`ning of each regularissue of the PCT Gazette.
`
`  
`
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`Page 311 of 557
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`






`
`
`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

`WO 2004/054096
`
`PCT/IB2003/005939
`
`PRESERVING LINEARITY OF AN ISOLATOR-FREE POWER AMPLIFIER BY
`DYNAMICALLY ADJUSTING BIAS AND SUPPLY OF ACTIVE DEVICES
`
`The inventionrelates to an isolator-free power amplifier circuit typically used in
`wireless communication devices which preserves linearity of the power amplifier under
`varying loads. More particularly, linearity is preserved by dynamically adjusting input and
`output bias of active devices ofthe power amplifiercircuit.
`Poweramplifiers are used in transmitters to amplify signals, such as radio
`frequency (RF) signals. Such power amplifiers are includedin transmitters ofwireless
`communication devices, such as mobile telephones. The power amplifier typically
`provides an amplified RF signal to an antennafor transmission overtheair.
`RF antennasasfor instance applied in mobile phones, operate in strongly varying
`environments, resulting in a varying antenna input impedance, a VSWR(Voltage Standing
`Wave Ratio) of4:1 is not uncommon. Especiallyat high outputlevels, this may result in a
`severe distortion offor instance a CDMA(code division multiple access), TDMA (time
`division multiple access), Edge or W-CDMA modulated carrier signal having a non-
`constant envelope.
`The conventional solution to protect the power amplifier ofa cellular phoneagainst
`antenna mismatch conditionsto preserve linearity is to use an isolator, such as a circulator,
`placed between the power amplifier and the outputload, such as the antenna, to limit the
`effects of load impedancevariation on the performance ofthe power amplifier. The
`circulator secures proper 50 Ohm loading of the power amplifier under antenna mismatch
`conditions by dissipating the reflected powerin the isolator or in a third circulator port
`termination. Directivity in the power flow is created by ferromagnetic material.
`The aboveaspects ofthe state of the art are described in more detail with reference
`to Fig. 1 which showsa basic block diagram of an arrangement 10 used for a power source
`12 isolated with a circulator 14 from a mismatched antenna 16. A current source 18 and its
`impedance Z, represent an ideal power source (RF-transistor) 12. A matching circuit 20 is
`connected betweenthe antenna 16 and powersource 12, with another terminal 22
`connected to ground.
`
`10
`
`15
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`20
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`25
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`30
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`Page 312 of 557
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`
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`ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIESINC.
`Exhibit 1014
`
`

`

`WO 2004/054096
`
`PCT/IB2003/005939
`
`Part of the power Pingcirc from the matchingcircuit 20 to the circulator 14 is
`delivered as Pineant to the antenna 16 where some poweris reflected back Prefant to the
`circulator 14. Thanksto the circulator 14, the reflected powerPreaant from the antenna 16
`is not reflected towards the source 12, but dissipated into the circulator load Puiss-
`Consequently, the reflected power Prencirc from the circulator 14 and the reflected power
`Pretsource from the matching circuit 20 towards the source 12 are zero. This avoids
`extremesthat would occur whenincident and reflected waves add up in-phase. However,
`sinceit is desired to preserve power amplifier linearity and maintain Prad constant (under
`control offield strength indication at the base station), then the incident power Pinesource
`from the source 12 hasto be increased, thus increasing powerdissipation, to overcome
`reflection losses resulting in enhanced signal voltage and currentat the source 12. Thus,
`the circulator 14 only partly preserves power amplifier linearity under antenna mismatch
`conditions. In addition, power dissipation and consumption remainshigh thus requiring
`battery charging and decreasingbattery life of the mobile phone as well as decreasing
`efficiency.
`
`It is desirable to removetheisolator or circulator 14 connected to the antenna16.
`However, removaloftheisolator allows load impedancevariations to detrimentally affect
`the performance,e.g., linearity, of the power amplifier. Accordingly, there is a need to
`have a poweramplifier circuit where the isolator is removed yet the performance and
`linearity ofthe amplifier is preserved despite load impedancevariations.
`According to the invention, linear power output of a power amplifieris
`substantially maintained despite load variations and having no isolator connected to the
`load. This is achieved by dynamically adjusting bias and supply ofactive devices in an
`isolator-less power amplifier circuit as a correction schemeforlinearity under
`predetermined load mismatch conditions. Thus, linear output poweris kept