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`(12) United States Patent
`US 6,925,489 B1
`(10) Patent N0.:
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`Curtin
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`(45) Date of Patent: Aug. 2, 2005
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`USOO6925489B1
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`(54) METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR
`IDENTIFICATION AND PURCHASE OF
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`BROADCAST DIGITAL MUSIC AND OTHER
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`TYPES OF INFORMATION
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`(75)
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`Inventor: Steven DeArmond Curtin, Freehold,
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`NJ (US)
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`(73) Assignee: Agere Systems Inc., Allentown, PA
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`(US)
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`( * ) Notice:
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`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
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`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
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`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
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`(22)
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`(21) Appl. No.: 09/444,818
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`Filed:
`Nov. 22, 1999
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`(51)
`Int. Cl.7 ................................................ G06F 15/16
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`(52) US. Cl.
`....................... 709/217; 709/217; 709/219;
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`711/1; 375/219; 395/200; 455/66; 84/609;
`380/25
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`(58) Field of Search ................................. 709/219, 217;
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`395/200; 455/66; 84/609; 380/25
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`(56)
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`DE
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`EP
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`EP
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`W0
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`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
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`
`
`6/1989 Kenyon et al.
`4,843,562 A
`.............. 455/66
`5,577,266 A * 11/1996 Takahisa et al.
`
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`
`5,616,876 A *
`4/1997 Cluts .................... 84/609
`
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`
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`5,809,246 A *
`9/1998 Goldman ............. 395/200
`
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`
`
`5,812,937 A *
`9/1998 Takahisa et al.
`455/66
`
`
`
`
`
`5,835,595 A * 11/1998 Fraser et al.
`.................. 380/25
`
`
`
`
`
`6,295,555 B1 *
`9/2001 Goldman .................... 709/219
`
`
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`
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`6,317,784 B1 * 11/2001 Mackintosh et al.
`........ 709/219
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`
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`
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`
`43 13 107 C1
`4/1993
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`0 713 335 A2
`5/1996
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`11/2004
`00 31 0070
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`WO 99/35771
`7/1999
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
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`P. Kafka, “Play it Again,” http://www.forbes.com, Jul. 1999.
`
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`JR. Garber, “Albums and Alpo,” http://www.forbes.com,
`Jul. 1999.
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`
`.
`Dlglui Audio Broadcast Receiver
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`3 I 4
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`3., 1+
`
`
`Digital Audio
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`
`Transmission
`
`
`I a
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`.
`.
`a
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`D. Sinha, J .D. Johnston, S. Dorward and SR. Quackenbush,
`
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`
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`“The Perceptual Audio Coder,” in Digital Audio, Section 42,
`
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`
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`pp. 42—1 to 42—18, CRC Press, 1998.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`B.W. Kroeger and A.J. Vigil, “Improved IBOC DAB Tech-
`
`
`
`
`nology for AM and FM Broadcasting,” SBE Engineering
`
`
`
`
`Conference, pp. 1—10, 1996.
`
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`
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`B.W. Kroeger and D. Cammarata, “Robust Modern and
`
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`
`
`Coding Techniques for FM Hybrid IBOC DAB,” IEEE
`
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`
`
`Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 412—420,
`Dec. 1997.
`
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`
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`B.W. Kroeger and P.J. Peyla, “Compatibility of FM Hybrid
`
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`
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`In—Band On—Channel (IBOC) System for Digital Audio
`
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`
`
`Broadcast,” IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 43,
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`No. 4, pp. 421—430, Dec. 1997.
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`* cited by examiner
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`Primary Examiner—William A. Cuchlinski, Jr.
`Assistant Examiner—Adnan Mirza
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`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`Identification information is extracted from a current broad-
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`cast of a piece or music or other type of information of
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`interest to a user, and stored in a memory or other storage
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`device, in response to a user command. The identification
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`information includes sufficient information to identify at
`least one deliverable information item associated with the
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`current broadcast, e.g., a CD or MP3 file which contains the
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`particular piece of music. When the user later has access to
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`a wired or wireless network connection, the extracted iden-
`tification information is delivered over a network connection
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`to a server which processes the delivered information to
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`identify the deliverable information item associated with the
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`broadcast. The user can then purchase the deliverable infor-
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`mation item by appropriate interaction with the server. The
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`extracted identification information may be stored in a
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`removable memory device associated with a receiver which
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`receives the broadcast. In this case, the removable memory
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`device is subsequently removed from the receiver and
`inserted into another device which establishes the network
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`connection for delivery of the identification information to
`the server.
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`23 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
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`'1
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`f
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`I
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`Y
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`V
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`f
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`Music Inlomlaiiun
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`(ArusVTllle m)
`contained ln
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`compressed audio
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`“m
`2 ’ B
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`M sh Du
`:
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`5
`mm glow?”
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`Mom inannually
`“m "1"”
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`.
`User Input Signal
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`(pushbunon. elc)
`to either store
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`current selection
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`or automatically
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`record playiisi
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1010, 0001
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`20!:
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`;
`'
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`Wlmhll SIMI‘
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`20a
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`Wired or Wireless Connection to
`music server
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`mummy“, q- Andie
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0001
`
`

`

`
`US. Patent
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`Aug. 2, 2005
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`Sheet 1 0f3
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`US 6,925,489 B1
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`DAB Receiver with Music Information Storage
`
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`Audio
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`Output
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`input
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`User
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`Wireless transceiver and
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`Network Connection
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`
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`for Music Information
`
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`91761
`
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1010, 0002
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0002
`
`

`

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`Digital Audio
`Transmission
`
`9205‘
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`Audio
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`201
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`Music Information
`
`( Artist/Title etc )
`contained in
`
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`compressed audio
`
`Radio Station]
`steam
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`Wireless Sewer
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` Music Queue:
`
`Digital Storage of Music
`
`Information for currently
`
`playing music
`
`ZiB
`
`User Input Signal
`(pushbutton. etc)
`to either store
`current selection
`
`or automatically
`record playlist
`
`Wired or Wireless Connection to
`music server
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`7776, 2
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`mated'S'n
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`sooz‘zfinv
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`9J0Z133118
`
`136817‘SZ6‘9sn
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0003
`
`

`

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`1H918d'S'n
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`33
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`02°
`‘N
`:
`c:
`m
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`Nc
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`m:
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`-CD
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`2e
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`a
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`OH e
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`a
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`C!
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`m 9\
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`oN
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`.U'
`4;
`co
`\o
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`D!p—l
`
`r5; __________________________
`i
`204
`User in the field
`30 6
`:
`l
`'
`I
`I
`|
`l
`l
`I
`l
`|
`l_ _ _ _3_2_____RspeetELN mugcygces __________
`
`User Listening to
`DAB in
`Automobile or
`Portable Stereo
`
`.
`User hears MUSIC
`they Wzlgd llke to
`y
`
`..
`User Inmates
`Stofiggolt'mnusac
`
`a I0
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`.
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`.
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`i o
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`Musm storage
`system connects
`to internal music
`sewer
`
`Order for musrc
`track or album is
`placed with music
`server
`
`User receives CD
`or M93 file for
`later
`la back
`p y
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0004
`
`

`

`
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`US 6,925,489 B1
`
`
`1
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR
`
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`
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`IDENTIFICATION AND PURCHASE OF
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`BROADCAST DIGITAL MUSIC AND OTHER
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`TYPES OF INFORMATION
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`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
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`The present invention relates generally to systems for
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`purchase and delivery of music or other information, and
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`more particularly to techniques for allowing users to identify
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`and purchase music or other information associated with a
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`particular broadcast from a radio station, digital audio broad-
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`casting (DAB) system or other type of communication
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`system.
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`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
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`Existing electronic commerce applications allow users to
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`make purchases of various types of information-related
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`products over computer networks such as the Internet. For
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`example, a user can typically purchase digital music, e.g.,
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`“singles,” compilations such as compact disks (CDs), etc.
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`over the Internet by accessing a corresponding web site,
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`providing the necessary payment information, e.g., a valid
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`credit card number, and downloading the music from the
`site. A well-known conventional format for downloadable
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`audio information of this type is the MPEG-1 Level 3 Digital
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`Audio Standard, also referred to as MP3.
`In such
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`applications, the music may be transmitted to the user in an
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`at least partially-encrypted format, so as to prevent unau-
`thorized distribution and use. An authorized user is then
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`subsequently provided with a decryption “key” which
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`allows the music to be decrypted and used. Similar tech-
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`niques may be used to purchase and download other types of
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`audio information over the Internet, e.g., live broadcasts,
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`interviews, talking books, etc.
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`Anumber of other techniques have been developed which
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`allow users to purchase music that corresponds to a particu-
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`lar song currently or previously played on a radio station.
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`For example, a system known as StarCD, from ConneXus
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`Corporation, simultaneously monitors multiple radio broad-
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`casts and uses pattern recognition software to identify the
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`particular songs that are being played by each of the stations.
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`A user hearing a particular song of interest
`in a radio
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`broadcast can subsequently enter a command “*CD” on the
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`keypad of a mobile telephone of a participating mobile
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`carrier. The user is then prompted by the system for the
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`frequency of the station and the time at which the song of
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`interest was broadcast. The StarCD system then determines
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`a CD which contains the song, identifies it to the caller via
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`a voice prompt, and allows the user to purchase the CD over
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`the telephone.
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`Another such technique, developed by Get Media of San
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`Jose, Calif., provides Internet software which includes a
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`Java applet that delivers playlist data to users via a radio
`station web site. The software allows users to obtain from
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`the web site information about a song they are hearing
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`broadcast by a given radio station, such as title, correspond-
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`ing CD, performer information, etc., and to purchase the CD.
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`This technique may also be implemented using a designated
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`toll-free telephone number, such that if a user is not near a
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`computer when hearing the song, the same information and
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`ordering feature can be obtained by calling the designated
`number.
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`It is also known to provide music purchase kiosks in
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`public places such as restaurants, coffee shops, etc. from
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`which a user can purchase music for download directly to a
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`10
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`15
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`25
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`35
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`60
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`portable MP3 player carried by the user. However, such an
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`approach assumes a bidirectional link to a music server,
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`which generally does not exist
`in a conventional radio
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`broadcast system.
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`Digital audio broadcasting (DAB) systems are capable of
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`delivering music in a format suitable for recording in a
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`receiver memory, such that the music can be replayed on
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`user demand. For example, proposed systems for providing
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`DAB in the analog FM radio band are expected to provide
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`delivery of near CD-quality audio. A problem associated
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`with the recording of music delivered via a DAB system is
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`that there is no mechanism for detecting that the music has
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`been recorded by a user, and therefore the artist, distributer,
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`record company, etc. may not be properly compensated.
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`Another problem is that even if a user is able to record and
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`play back the music delivered via the DAB system, by the
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`time the user realizes that a particular song or other piece of
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`music is of particular interest, part of the music has already
`been streamed to the user and is therefore unavailable for
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`storage.
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`In view of the foregoing, it is apparent that a need exists
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`for improved techniques for permitting users to purchase
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`digital music or other information corresponding to a broad-
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`cast of a DAB system or other type of communication
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`system.
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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`The present invention provides improved methods and
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`apparatus for allowing users to purchase music or other
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`deliverable information items corresponding to a particular
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`broadcast by an analog radio station, digital audio broad-
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`casting (DAB) system or other type of communication
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`system.
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`In accordance with the invention, identification informa-
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`tion is extracted from a current broadcast of a piece of music
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`or other type of information of interest to a user, and stored
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`in a memory or other storage device, in response to a user
`command. The identification information includes sufficient
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`information to identify at least one deliverable information
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`item associated with the current broadcast, e.g., a CD or
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`MP3 file which contains the particular piece of music.
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`Examples of such identification information in the case of a
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`piece of music include artist,
`title, album name,
`label,
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`source, date and time associated with the current broadcast
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`of the piece of music. The identification information may be
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`extracted from a compressed digital audio bitstream asso-
`ciated with the current broadcast.
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`When the user later has access to a wired or wireless
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`network connection, the extracted identification information
`is delivered over the Internet or other network connection to
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`a server which processes the delivered information to iden-
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`tify the deliverable information item associated with the
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`broadcast. The user can then purchase the deliverable infor-
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`mation item by appropriate interaction with the server.
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`In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the
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`extracted identification information may be stored in a
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`removable memory device associated with a receiver which
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`receives the broadcast. In this case, the removable memory
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`device is subsequently removed from the receiver and
`inserted into another device which establishes the network
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`connection for delivery of the identification information to
`the server.
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`Advantageously, a system configured in accordance with
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`the invention allows a user to identify and purchase music
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`that is heard in a broadcast, while also ensuring that artists,
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`distributers, record companies, etc. are appropriately com-
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1010, 0005
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0005
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`

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`3
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`pensated. The invention can be applied to other types of
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`digital information, including, e.g., data, video and image
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`information. In addition, the invention may be implemented
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`in numerous applications other than DAB systems, such as
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`Internet and satellite broadcasting systems, systems for
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`simultaneous delivery of audio and data, etc.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary digital audio
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`broadcasting (DAB) receiver with music information stor-
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`age capability in accordance with a first illustrative embodi-
`ment of the invention.
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`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary DAB receiver
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`with music information storage capability in accordance
`with a second illustrative embodiment of the invention.
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`FIGS. 3 and 4 are flow diagrams illustrating extracted
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`music information storage and purchasing operations,
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`respectively, in accordance with the invention, performed
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`using the DAB receivers of FIGS. 1 and 2.
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
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`INVENTION
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`FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a receiver portion of a
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`communication system 100 in which the present invention
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`may be implemented. The receiver portion of the system 100
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`includes a digital audio broadcast (DAB) receiver 102 and a
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`receiving antenna 104. A DAB signal broadcast by a corre-
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`sponding transmitter, which is not shown, is received by the
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`antenna 104 and applied to a radio frequency (RF) demul-
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`tiplex and decode element 106. The DAB signal may be,
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`e.g., a hybrid in-band on-channel (HIBOC) FM signal
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`having an analog FM host and one or more digital sidebands.
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`In this case, the analog FM host corresponds to a conven-
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`tional analog FM signal, and digital audio information is
`transmitted in the sidebands.
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`For purposes of this illustrative embodiment, it will be
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`assumed without limitation that digital music information is
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`transmitted in one or more digital sidebands of the incoming
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`DAB signal. It is also assumed that the digital audio infor-
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`mation is transmitted in a compressed format, e.g., encoded
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`using perceptual audio coder (PAC) encoding techniques
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`such as those described in D. Sinha, J. D. Johnston, S.
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`Dorward and S. R. Quackenbush, “The Perceptual Audio
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`Coder,” in Digital Audio, Section 42, pp. 42-1 to 42-18,
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`CRC Press, 1998, which is incorporated by reference herein.
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`The digital audio information may correspond to, e.g., a
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`particular song or other piece of music broadcast by the
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`system.
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`The RF demultiplex and decode element 106 separates the
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`digital sidebands from the host carrier, performs appropriate
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`channel decoding operations, and delivers a corresponding
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`compressed digital audio bitstream to an audio decompres-
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`sion element 108. The audio decompression element 108
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`decompresses the encoded digital audio bitstream to gener-
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`ate a corresponding stream of digital audio samples that are
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`supplied to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 110. The
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`DAC 110 converts the digital audio samples to an analog
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`format to generate a reconstructed audio output signal. The
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`audio output signal is supplied to a speaker or other similar
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`element which generates a corresponding audibly-
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`perceptible output for a user.
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`The audio decompression element 108 also extracts from
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`the encoded digital bitstream music information that
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`uniquely identifies a particular piece of music or other audio
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`information by artist, title, album, label, source, date, time,
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`US 6,925,489 B1
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`4
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`etc. Such information may be incorporated in the encoded
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`audio bitstream using conventional techniques.
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`The extracted music information is supplied from the
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`audio decompression element 108 to an interface microcon-
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`troller 112. The interface microcontroller 112 in response to
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`a particular user input directs the storage of the extracted
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`music information in a random access memory (RAM) 114
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`in the DAB receiver 102. For example, when a user hears a
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`particular song or other piece of music of interest being
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`output by a speaker associated with the receiver 102, the
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`user can push a button or otherwise enter a command or
`other instruction to direct the interface microcontroller 112
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`to store extracted music information for the current audio
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`output in the RAM 114. As another example, the user can
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`enter a command or other user input that specifies that the
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`receiver 102 enter a mode in which it automatically stores
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`extracted music information for each of the pieces of music
`that are broadcast while the receiver remains in that mode.
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`At a later point in time, e.g., when the user is able to
`establish a network connection 115 via a wireless transceiver
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`that may be implemented at least in part in the interface
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`microcontroller 112,
`the extracted music information is
`transmitted over the network connection 115 to a music
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`server which is capable of delivering the corresponding
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`music. Advantageously, this music server may be a music
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`server that is not otherwise associated with the DAB system
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`100. In other embodiments, the network connection 115 may
`be established over a wired network.
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`For example, the DAB receiver 102 may be installed in an
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`automobile, such that the user does not have direct access to
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`a desired music server when the broadcast is heard, e.g., the
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`car may be in motion such that the user is unable to take the
`actions needed to establish a connection via a mobile
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`telephone or other device, or the automobile may be out of
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`range of a particular wireless network connection.
`In
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`addition, as previously noted, a portion of the broadcast
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`music will generally have already been streamed to the
`receiver at the time the user notes that the broadcast is of
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`particular interest, such that initiating storage or other down-
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`load directly from system 100 may not be sufficient
`to
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`provide the entire piece of music.
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`The invention thus allows a user to provide a simple input,
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`e.g., a push of a single button, to indicate that a particular
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`broadcasted piece of music is of interest, and the receiver
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`102 automatically extracts from the broadcast information
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`that the user will need to download or otherwise purchase
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`the piece of music from a different source. This ensures that
`the user need not rush to establish a network connection
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`while the broadcast is in progress, and also completely
`eliminates the need for the user to write down or otherwise
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`remember easily-forgotten information such as the radio
`station or time of the broadcast.
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`It should be noted that the extracted music information
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`may be stored in a memory device other than RAM 114. For
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`example, the receiver 102 may be configured to include a
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`slot adapted to receive a Personal Computer Memory Card
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`International Association (PCMCIA) card or other type of
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`memory card, such that the interface microcontroller 112
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`directs the storage of the extracted music information
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`directly into the card. In such an embodiment, a user simply
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`removes the card at some time after entry of the above-noted
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`user input command, and subsequently inserts the card into
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`a corresponding slot
`in a desktop,
`laptop or palm top
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`personal computer (PC), personal digital assistant (PDA) or
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`other processor-based device capable of establishing a net-
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`work connection over which music identified by the
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`10
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`15
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`25
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`35
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`50
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`55
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`60
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`65
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1010, 0006
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1010, 0006
`
`

`

`
`
`US 6,925,489 B1
`
`
`5
`extracted music information can be downloaded or other-
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`wise purchased by the user.
`The extracted music information stored in the RAM 114
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`or in a memory card or other storage device is transmitted to
`a music server over the above-noted network connection.
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`The server may then respond with detailed information
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`about the corresponding music selections and instructions to
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`the user regarding how to make the purchase. The purchased
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`selections may be delivered to the user in a variety of forms,
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`e.g., CD, MiniDisk, linear format audio file, MP3 file, etc.,
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`and may be directly downloaded over
`the network
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`connection, or directly shipped to a supplied user address.
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`FIG. 2 shows a block diagram illustrating the operation of
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`a DAB system 200 configured in accordance with another
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`illustrative embodiment of the invention. The system 200
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`includes a DAB transmitter 204 or 206 for generating a DAB
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`signal for transmission to a DAB receiver 202. The trans-
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`mitter 204 represents a satellite-based transmitter, while the
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`transmitter 206 represents a terrestrial transmitter, e.g., a
`radio station or wireless service transmitter. It should be
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`noted that these transmitters are shown as examples only,
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`and that the invention can be used with many other types of
`transmitters.
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`The receiver 202 may be viewed as a functional diagram
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`of a receiver configured in the same or a similar manner as
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`the receiver 102 previously described in conjunction with
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`FIG. 1, or may be viewed as an alternative implementation
`of the receiver 102. The receiver 202 includes an
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`30
`RF/demodulator block 212 which processes a received DAB
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`signal and delivers a compressed digital audio bit stream to
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`a compressed audio decoder 214. The decoder 214, which
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`may be, e.g., a PAC decoder, generates an audio output
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`signal, i.e., by decoding the compressed digital audio bit-
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`stream and reconstructing therefrom the audio output signal.
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`The decoder 214 extracts music information, e.g., artist,
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`title, etc., from the compressed digital audio bit stream, and
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`delivers the extracted music information to a music queue
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`216 which provides digital storage of music information for
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`currently-playing music. Auser input signal 218, e. g., a push
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`button command or other suitable input, is applied to the
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`receiver 202 to direct the storage of the music information
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`for a current selection, or to place the receiver 202 in the
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`above-noted mode in which music information for all pos-
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`sible broadcast music selections is automatically extracted
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`and stored as long as the system remains in that mode. At
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`some later point in time, a wired or wireless connection 220
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`to a music server is established, such that the extracted
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`information stored in the music queue 216 is transmitted
`over the connection to the music server and used to deter-
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`mine appropriate purchase instructions and other informa-
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`tion to be delivered to the user. As previously noted, the
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`extracted music information may be stored in a RAM or
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`other storage device built into the receiver, or in a removable
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`memory card, or in any other type of memory capable of
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`storing extracted information.
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`FIGS. 3 and 4 are flow diagrams showing examples of an
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`extracted music information storing operation 300 and a
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`purchasing operation 400, respectively. These operations
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`may be implemented in the receivers 102, 202 described
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`above. Referring to FIG. 3, the operation 300 is performed
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`by a user in the field, i.e., away from an access point to a
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`fixed wired or wireless network. In step 302, the user listens
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`to a DAB receiver implemented in an automobile, portable
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`stereo or other device. In step 304, the user hears music
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`being broadcast that is of interest for potential purchase. The
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`user in step 306 then initiates extraction and storage of
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`corresponding music information in the manner previously
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`described. The operation 300 may be repeated for any
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`desired number N of pieces of music, as long as the total
`amount of extracted music information to be stored remains
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`within the limits of the corresponding storage device.
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`The purchase operation 400 of FIG. 4 is performed by the
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`user when the user is at home or at another access point to
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`a fixed wired or wireless network. In step 402, a music
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`information storage system or device, e.g., the RAM 114 of
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`receiver 102,
`the music queue 216 of receiver 202, a
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`PCMCIA card or other type or memory card, etc., is con-
`nected to an Internet music server via a network connection.
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`The music server uses the extracted music information to
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`determine what the user might like to purchase, and presents
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`this information, as well as appropriate ordering
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`instructions, to the user via the network connection. In step
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`404 the user places an order for the corresponding music
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`track, album, CD, etc. with the music server. The music
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`server then processes the order, and the user in step 406
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`receives the ordered product, e.g., receives a CD or MP3 file
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`via download for later playback. As previously noted, the
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`ordered product may also be delivered to the user through
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`other conventional means, e.g., parcel post, direct delivery,
`etc.
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`Advantageously, the present invention allows a user to
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`quickly and effectively store information identifying
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`selected currently-played music in a broadcast system, while
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`also ensuring that artists, distributors, record companies, etc.
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`are appropriately compensated for content duplication.
`It should be noted that the above-described embodiments
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`the
`of the invention are illustrative only. For example,
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`invention can be implemented in the form of other systems
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`capable of automatically storing information regarding a
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`broadcast upon user command, such that the information can
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`be subsequently transmitted to a server or other source for
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`use in conjunction with the purchase of a corresponding
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`product or service. In addition, the invention can be used
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`with other types of information, e.g., video or
`image
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