‘
`Umted States Patent
`
`119]
`
`Illllillllllllllllllllllllllllll||||||||||Illlllllllllllllllllillllilllllll
`U5005303393A
`[11] Patent Number:
`
`5,303,393
`
`Noreen et a1.
`[45] Date of Patent:
`Apr. 12, 1994
`
`
`[54]
`
`INTEGRATED RADIO SATELLITE
`RESPONSE SYSTEM AND METHOD
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Gary Noreen, Pasadena; Theodore R.
`Harper, Long Beach, both of Calif.
`_
`.
`,
`,
`.
`[73] A5991” Rad” 53‘9“"? Co’Porafi‘m’ La
`Canada Fllnmdgei Calif-
`
`.
`[2]] Appl‘ No" 683962
`[22] Filed:
`Apr. 12, 1991
`
`4,860,352
`8/1989 Laurance et al.
`.................. 455/ 12.1
`4,868,811
`9/1989 Suzuki .............
`370/50
`
`4,870,660 9/1989 Keate ......
`375/81
`
`4,882,730 11/1939 Shinmyo ,
`370/952
`
`4,903,320 2/1990 Hanawa ..
`455/34.2
`8/1990 Hotta ..................
`4,951,279
`370/75
`
`.
`.455/12.1
`4,979,170 12/1990 Gilhousen et al.
`
`4,987,486
`1/1991 Johnson et a1.
`455/5.1
`
`5,027,400
`6/1991 Baji et al.
`.......
`455/5.1
`
`5,036,389
`7/1991 Morales ..........
`455/5.1
`
`5,057,915 10/1991 Von Kohorn .....
`.. 455/5.1
`5,119,504 6/1992 Durboraw, III ................... 455/54.1
`
`[63]
`
`Related US. Application Data
`Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 607,877, Nov. 6, 1990,
`abandoned.
`
`Primary Examiner—Reinhard J. Eisenzopf
`.
`Assistant Examiner—Andrew F3118
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—David Newman & Assomates
`
`Int. 01.5 ............................................... H04H 1/00
`[51]
`
`[52] US. Cl. .................... 455/3.2; 455/12.1;
`455/54._2; 455/89
`[58] Field of Search ................... 455/3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 6.3,
`455/111’ 15, 54.1, 54.2, 88, 180.1, 188, 13-1, 89,
`} 358/84 86
`’
`’
`
`ABSTRACT
`[57]
`A radio response system including a broadcast station, a
`satellite relay, a processing center, and a plurality of
`user terminals. Each user terminal hasa broadcast re-
`celver, a commun1cat1ons interface dev1ce, a controller
`and a data transm1tter. The broadcast station broadcasts
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`.
`ifiiiéié’ 813$ 2211;183:1311"?"“""'::::::: 333%?)
`
`4,437,183
`3/1984 Profet ..................
`.. 370/1101
`4,501,002
`2/1985 Auchterlonie ..
`....... 375/86
`
`4,599,734 7/1986 Yamamoto ,,,,,,
`375/40
`
`4,635,247
`1/1987 Tejima ........
`.. 370/13
`
`41635335 V1987 Coombes -----
`379/63
`
`4'660’196 “”87 Gray et a1. "
`. 370/109
`4,742,512
`5/1988 Akashi et a1.
`370/56
`
`4,754.465
`6/1988 Trimble ............................... 375/1
`
`4,759,016
`7/1988 Otsuka ........................
`.370/953
`
`4,837,786
`6/1989 Gurantz etal..
`...370/20
`4,852,090 7/ 1989 Borrh ................................. 370/953
`
`a program signal. The broadcast receiver receives the
`program signal. The communications interface device
`communicates the program signal to a user. The con-
`ri°iiei generates iiieirdaii signal from identificaion
`mem‘amn "ansmmed m ”memo“ “”91 the Program
`signal and/or timing, location and frequency informa-
`tion needed for identifying the program signal, and a
`user-input signal generated in response to the program
`signal. The data transmitter transmits the user-data sig-
`nal at a carrier frequency as a transmitted-data signal.
`.
`.
`The 5mm” relays the “ser'da‘a 5‘3“] ‘0 the pmcess'
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1005, 0001
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0001
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 1994
`
`Sheet 1 of 8
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`5,303,393
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`US. Patent
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`Apr. 12, 1994
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0004
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 1994
`
`Sheet 4 of 8
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`5,303,393
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`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1005, 0005
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0005
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`

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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0007
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`

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`US. Patent
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`Apr. 12, 1994
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`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0009
`
`
`
`
`

`

`1
`
`5,303,393
`
`2
`bile radio services to consumers, business users and
`government agencies via low-cost mobile terminals.
`The services include alphanumeric and voice paging,
`one-way and two-way voice and data communications,
`navigation, broadcast data and digital audio broadcast-
`ing services.
`Another object of the invention is to optionally allow
`integration of microprocessors designed to analyze sig-
`nals from navigation satellites, such as the US. Global
`Positioning System, with the mobile terminal, so that
`navigation broadcasts and differential corrections sent
`through the mobile satellite terminal could be used to
`estimate positions of vehicles within one or two meters.
`Another object of the invention is a low-cost mobile
`terminal allowing additional voice and data channels to
`many users throughout the country who are currently
`underserved, and an ability to order goods or services
`offered for sale over these channels.
`An additional object of the invention is a consumer
`device that allows reception of audio broadcasts that
`can vary in bandwidth and in spectrum location.
`A still further object of the invention is to bring di-
`verse satellite services to the public at very low cost.
`
`INTEGRATED RADIO SATELLITE RESPONSE
`SYSTEM AND METHOD
`
`RELATED PATENTS
`
`This patent is a continuation-in-part of an application
`entitled, RECEIVER MICROCHIP PROCESSOR,
`having Ser. No. 07/607,877, abandoned and Filing Date
`of Nov. 6, 1990.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates to communication satellites and
`more particularly to a mobile satellite terminal which
`allows greatly expanded access by mobile radio users to
`diverse audio programming sources and communica-
`tion. and navigation services, and an ability to order
`products or services offered for sale, make contribu-
`tions, and directly respond in other ways to solicitations
`or information provided over radio channels.
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
`
`Mobile radio listeners generally have not received the
`benefits of diverse programming and “narrowcasting”
`alternatives available to television audiences in their
`homes through cable and satellite distribution networks.
`The prospect of accessing alternative programming
`beyond existing AM and FM stations is poor. National
`Public Radio (“NPR”) has noted repeatedly that the
`need for additional channels of distribution is urgent
`and that the development of digital audio broadcast
`service is necessary for effective competition with new
`forms of aural media. Remote areas in particular are
`inadequately served by terrestrial radio broadcasters.
`Public radio, for example,
`is expected to reach only
`90% of the population of the Continental United States
`by the year 2000. ”Public Radio in the 1990’s—Fulf1ll-
`ing the Promise,” The Report of the Public Radio Ex-
`pansion Task force—January 1990, at page 11. Industry
`analysts conclude that “closing this service availability
`gap will be disproportionately costly due to the low
`population densities in most of these unserved areas.
`The remaining increments of improved coverage will
`require substantial spending increments far in excess of
`the per capita costs which have culminated in the cur-
`rent level of service and could still leave some 30 mil-
`lion Americans without public radio service at the turn
`of the century." Comments of National Public Radio,
`Federal Communications Commission, Gen. Docket
`No. 89-854, Feb. 16, 1990.
`A system allowing a mobile user to directly order
`from radio advertisements, make contributions to solici-
`tations received over radio channels, and respond di-
`rectly to other information received over radio chan-
`nels, has heretofore not been offered.
`
`OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`A general object of the invention is a radio response
`system permitting the integration of analog or digital
`audio broadcast services with personal communications
`services and navigation services into low-cost mobile
`radios, and an ability, from a mobile terminal, to signal
`an emergency condition or to order products or ser-
`vices offered in advertisements,
`to contribute in re-
`sponse to solicitations, or respond to other information,
`received from broadcast service, by the broadcast ser-
`vices.
`
`65
`
`An object of the invention is to provide a radio re-
`sponse system allowing a wide array of integrated mo-
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`According to the present invention, as embodied and
`broadly described herein, a radio response system for
`use with a processing center is provided comprising
`transmitter means, repeater means, and a plurality of
`mobile terminals. Location means optionally may be
`used with the radio response system. Each mobile ter-
`minal includes receiver means, interface means, control—
`ler means and data-transmitter means.
`The transmitter means broadcasts a program signal.
`The program signal may use analog modulation, such as
`AM or FM, or a digital modulation technique, such as
`phase shift keying (PSK). The transmitter means may be
`a terrestrial broadcast transmitter or a satellite broad-
`cast transmitter.
`At a mobile terminal, receiver means receives the
`program signal. The receiver means may use an AM
`receiver, an FM receiver, a digital receiver, receiving
`terrestrial or satellite broadcasts.
`The interface means communicates the program sig-
`nal toa user. The interface means may be a speaker or
`visual display. The interface means also has an input
`transducer, such as a microphone, push buttons or a
`touch screen. A user can respond to a program signal
`verbally, such as by speaking through a microphone, or
`physically, such as by pushing a push button or touch-
`ing a touch screen. The input transducer generates a
`user-input signal.
`The controller means processes identification infor-
`mation from the program signal or determines fre—
`quency of transmission of the program signal, and gen-
`erates from the processed information, timing informa-
`tion, and the user-input signal, a user-data signal. The
`controller means may be a processor. The identification
`information, if provided may be sent on a subchannel of
`the program signal. In an AM or FM signal, the sub-
`channel might be on a subcarrier of the program signal.
`In a digital signal, the subchannel might be a time slot in
`a time division multiplexed signal.
`The data-transmitter means transmits the user-data
`signal as a transmitted-data signal. The data-transmitter
`means preferably is a data transmitter which sends the
`transmitted-data signal to the repeater means.
`
`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1005, 0010
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0010
`
`

`

`5,303,393
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`10
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`15
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`3
`is received from a
`When a transmitted-data signal
`mobile terminal, the repeater means relays the transmit-
`ted-data signal to the processing center. The repeater
`means may be a terrestrial repeater or a satellite re—
`peater. The processing center, which receives the trans-
`mitter-data signal from the repeater means, demodulates
`the user-data signal from the transmitted-data signal,
`processes information on the user-data signal, identifies
`the program signal and the nature of the response of the
`user from the user-input signal, and the identity of the
`mobile terminal. The processing center can process an
`order, contribution or other response sent from a mobile
`terminal.
`The location means may be a position locator device
`in the mobile unit, or satellite triangulation or geoposi-
`tioning system. When at least two satellites relay the
`transmitted—data signal, i.e. the location means receives
`the transmitted-data signal from at least two satellites,
`then the location means can determine the position of 20
`the mobile terminal by triangulation.
`The present invention may use a radio satellite micro-
`chip (RSM), which includes an assignable demodulator,
`an assignable decoder, a Time Division Multiplex
`(TDM) demodulator, a TDM decoder, control means,
`audio decompressor and D/A converter, and data
`coder and modulator. The RSM is used with a mobile
`radio satellite terminal having a message display, an
`input device, satellite RF electronics, and, optionally a
`transmitter. The satellite RF electronics converts a
`received electromagnetic signal
`to an assignable-IF
`(Intermediate Frequency) signal and a TDM-IF signal
`in response to a first frequency-command signal. The
`transmitter selects and adjusts a carrier frequency in
`response to a second frequency-command signal. The
`transmitter transmits as a modulated-data signal, a trans-
`mitter-IF signal modulated with a data signal.
`The assignable demodulator operatively is coupled to
`the satellite RF electronics. Using the assignable-data—
`rate signal and the assignable-IF signal, the assignable
`demodulator generates a first frequency-error signal
`and outputs the assignable-IF signal as an in-phase—
`assignable signal and a quadrature-phase-assignable
`signal. The assignable decoder, which is coupled to the
`assignable demodulator, convolutionally decodes the
`in-phase-assignable signal and the quadrature-phase-
`assignable signal as an assignable-data signal.
`The TDM demodulator operatively is coupled to the
`satellite RF electronics. Using a TDM-data-rate signal
`and the TDM-IF signal, the TDM demodulator gener-
`ates a second frequency-error signal and outputs the
`TDM-IF signal as an in-phase TDM signal and a quad—
`rature-phase TDM signal. The TDM decoder, which is
`coupled to the TDM demodulator, convolutionally
`decodes the in-phase—TDM signal and the quadrature-
`phase-TDM signal as a TDM data signal.
`The control means operatively is coupled to the
`TDM decoder,
`the transmitter, and the satellite RF
`electronics. The control means deinterleaves and
`decommutates the TDM-data signal as a control signal,
`paging signals and message signals. The control means,
`in response to the control signal, generates the first
`frequency-command signal and the second frequency-
`command signal. The control means. in response to the
`first frequency error signal and the second frequency—
`error signal, generates a Doppler-correction signal. The
`control means outputs the message signals to memory
`and/or the message display, synthesizes the transmitter-
`
`4
`IF signal, and generates the assignable-data-rate signal
`and the TDM-data-rate signal.
`The control signal includes a look-up table broadcast
`periodically that identifies the name, frequency of oper-
`ation and data rate of assignable broadcast channels.
`This lookup table is stored by the control means and
`updated periodically. The control means uses the look-
`ups table to identify and tune-in broadcast to the assign—
`able channel.
`_
`The audio decompressor and D/A converter opera-
`tively are coupled to the assignable decoder. The audio
`decompressor deinterleaves and decompresses the as-
`signable data signal, and the D/A converter converts
`this signal to an analog signal. The data coder and mod-
`ulator operatively are coupled to the control means and
`the input device. In response to data signals from the
`input device, the data coder and modulator convolu-
`tionally encode and QPSK modulate the data signal at
`the frequency of the transmitter-IF signal.
`The control means adjusts the frequency of the trans-
`mitter-IF signal in response to the Dopplercorrection
`signal.
`The present invention, when used with a radio satel-
`lite system, offers the benefits of integrated nationwide
`personal
`communications and navigation services.
`These services include paging (both alphanumeric and
`voice),
`two-way voice and data communications,
`broadcast data, a low-cost navigation service and a
`precision navigation capability. The radio satellite sys-
`tem is extraordinarily flexible.
`With the radio satellite system, consumers may listen
`to the high quality broadcasts nearly everywhere they
`go, through a spectrum efficient system that can receive
`broadcasts of difference bandwidths and data matter.
`They may communicate while on the move from virtu-
`ally anywhere in the country at low cost. They may
`obtain these and other services through low-cost, inte-
`grated car radios. The radio satellite system offers a
`revolution in mobile communications capability for
`consumers everywhere in the United States.
`Additional objects and advantages of the invention
`will be set forth in part in the description which follows,
`and in part will be obvious from the description, or may
`be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and
`advantages of the invention also may be realized and
`attained by means of the instrumentalities and combina-
`tions particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`The accompanying drawings, which are incorpo-
`rated in and constitute a part of the specification, illus-
`trate preferred embodiments of the invention, and to-
`gether with the description serve to explain the princi'
`ples of the invention.
`FIG. 1 is a radio satellite network diagram;
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a mobile station;
`FIG. 3A is a block diagram of the audio digitizer,
`compressor, coder and modulator;
`FIG. 3B is a block diagram of the microchip of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 3C is a block diagram of a TDM demodulator
`and decoder according to the present invention;
`FIG. 3D is a block diagram of an assignable demodu—
`lator and decoder according to the present invention;
`FIG. 313 is a block diagram of the transmitter and
`satellite RF electronics; and
`FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the user-terminal of the
`radio response system.
`
`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1OO5, 0011
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0011
`
`

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`5
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
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`5,303,393
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`Reference will now be made in detail to the present
`preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of
`which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
`wherein like reference numerals indicate like elements
`
`throughout the several views.
`The radio response system and method can be used
`with terrestrial broadcast transmitters such as AM and
`FM, or digital broadcast transmitters which may be
`terrestrial or satellite based. A radio satellite network,
`which employs a radio satellite microchip, is initially
`disclosed, then the radio response system, which op-
`tionally may use the radio satellite microchip, is dis-
`c105ed.
`
`Radio Satellite Network
`
`As illustratively shown in FIG. 1, a radio satellite
`network diagram is shown comprising capacity on a
`satellite capable of
`transmissions
`to mobile units
`(MSAT) 105, a network control center 101, a plurality
`of fixed stations 110, and mobile users. The mobile users
`use a mobile terminal. The network control center 101
`is coupled through antenna 103 via a communications
`channel to MSAT 105. The mobile users, by way of
`example, are a truck 107 and automobile 109. The mo-
`bile users are coupled via a communications channel at
`an appropriate frequency, such as L-band, to MSAT
`105.
`The network fixed stations 110 include voice gate-
`way 111, dispatch base station 113, broadcast base sta-
`tion 115, and radio satellite network center 117. The
`voice gateway 111 is coupled through antenna 119 via a
`Ku-band communications channel to MSAT 105. The
`dispatch base station 113 is coupled through antenna
`121 via a Ku-band communications channel to MSAT
`105. The broadcast base station 115 is coupled through
`antenna 123 via a Ku-band communications channel to
`MSAT 105. The radio satellite network center 117 is
`coupled through antenna 125 via a Ku-band communi-
`cations channel to MSAT 105.
`The network control center 101 is responsible for the
`overall use of the satellite. The radio satellite network
`center 117 controls the radio satellite network used in
`the present invention. The voice gateway 111 interfaces
`telephone and other voice communications with the
`radio satellite network. The dispatch base station 113
`provides voice dispatches, and the broadcast base sta—
`tion 115 provides digital audio and high rate data broad-
`casts.
`
`In the exemplary arrangement shown in FIG. 2, a
`mobile terminal, shown as a mobile station satellite
`receiver 200, may include: a radio satellite microchip
`(RSM); an optional audio processor 217; an optional
`transmitter 211; satellite RF electronics 215; and L-band
`antenna assembly 203. The L-band antenna 201 is cou-
`pled-to the L-band antenna assembly 203, which is cou-
`pled through switch, filter and low noise amplifier 202
`to the satellite RF electronics 215. The L-band antenna
`201 typically is an omnidirectional antenna, mounted on
`a roof of vehicle, and is used for transmitting and re-
`ceiving. The L-band antenna assembly 203 includes a
`transmit/receive filter and a low noise amplifier 202. A
`terminal box may include a conventional AM/FM re-
`ceiver 207 connected to an AM/FM antenna 205, with
`the addition of the radio satellite microchip (RSM) and
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`satellite RF electronics. For optimum performance,
`separate AM/FM and L-band antennas are used.
`Mobile stations simultaneously receive two channels:
`a time division multiplex (TDM) data channel and an
`assignable channel. Both TDM and assignable channel
`transmissions broadcast to all mobiles; coding in the
`transmissions and in the receivers allows portions of
`broadcasts to be addressed to all mobiles, to groups of
`’mobiles or to individual mobiles. This architecture al-
`lows mobile stations simultaneous access to all services.
`For example, packet data and paging messages can be
`sent over the TDM data channel. High rate data for
`digital services such as facsimile machines or high qual-
`ity digital program data such as music can be sent over
`the assignable channel. Broadcast transmissions can be
`interleaved to mitigate the effects of short-term fading.
`As shown in FIG. 2, a user has transmitter 211, pro-
`viding the user a two-way communications terminal.
`Low rate packet data messages from an input panel,
`which may be embodied as an external keyboard or
`message generator, can be communicated in the TDM
`channel. An optional audio processor 217 may be in-
`cluded, and may be embodied as an audio processor
`chip. The audio processor 217 digitizes voice signals to
`a selected bit rate, preferably in the 1,200—9,6OO bps
`range, depending on the voice quality desired for trans‘
`mission.
`A variety of peripheral devices may be used with the
`terminal. The basic configuration may provide compact
`disk or other quality program material through standard
`vehicle radio speakers, and display of paging or other
`messages. Dispatch terminals or a handset for voice
`communication can be added. A digital
`interface is
`included for facsimile machines or other functions.
`The transmit/receive filter 202 isolates the transmit-
`ting RF signal from a received signal. The received
`signal is amplified by the low noise amplifier 202. Sig-
`nals from the L-band antenna assembly 203 pass to the
`receiver which is mounted inside the vehicle, by a com-
`mon cable, which also provides DC power and control.
`The satellite RF electronics 215 is coupled to the
`transmitter 211, which is connected to the audio proces-
`sor 217. The satellite RF electronics 215 converts a
`received signal from the L-band assembly 203, using the
`satellite RF electronics 215, to an assignable-IF signal
`and a TDM-IF signal. A first frequency-command sig-
`nal from the data processing and controller 223 controls
`the frequency setup of the satellite RF electronics 215
`to convert the frequencies of the received signal to the
`frequencies of the assignable-IF signal and the TDM-IF
`signal. While a preferred embodiment might use a bi-
`nary-phase-shift-keying (BPSK) or quadrature-phase-
`shift-keying (QPSK) modulation, alternative implemen-
`tations may include other types of modulation. Offset
`QPSK modulation, by way of example, might be used to
`minimize occupied bandwidth, and bit
`interleaving
`might be used for mitigating effects from short-term
`fade.
`The RSM includes an assignable demodulator and
`decoder 221, a TDM demodulator and decoder 222,
`processing means embodied as a data processing and
`controller 223, audio decompressor and D/A converter
`225, and data coder and modulator 224.
`Broadly, the satellite RF electronics 215 receives a
`signal from the L-band antenna assembly 203 and con-
`verts the received signal to two IF signals: an assigna-
`ble-IF signal and a TDM-IF signal. The assignable-IF
`signal is sent to the assignable demodulator 221. The
`
`Petitioner Hyundai EX-1OO5, 0012
`
`Petitioner Hyundai Ex-1005, 0012
`
`

`

`7
`TDM-IF signal is sent to the TDM demodulator 222.
`Two separate IF converters are used with independent
`frequency synthesizers. The synthesizers are controlled
`by the data processing and controller 223 function of
`the RSM. The satellite RF electronics 215 also serves as
`a junction box for the common cable and connection to
`the transmitter 211.
`
`The data processing and controller 223 provide chan-
`nel rate assignment to the TDM demodulator 222 and
`assignable demodulator 221. Further, the TDM demod-
`ulator 221 provides paging, packet data, frequency off-
`set and control signals to the data processing and con-
`troller 223. The data processing and controller 222
`provides frequency information to the data coder and
`modulator 224, deinterleaves received data streams, and
`sends and receives messages to and from an input panel
`and a message display. A more detailed view of FIG. 2
`is shown in FIGS. 3A-3E.
`FIG. 3A shows the AM/FM receiver portion and the
`audio processor 217. Voice signals are converted by
`audio processor 217 using A/D converter 216 to digital
`signals, and audio processor 217 uses a voice coder 218
`for source encoding, thereby reducing the data rate.
`The signals from the voice coder 218 are convolution-
`ally encoded by convolutional encoder 253, and modu-
`lated by QPSK modulator 254. The QPSK modulator
`254 may use various forms of QPSK modulation. Offset
`QPSK might be used to minimize occupied bandwidth.
`Also, bit interleaving may be used to minimize effects of
`fade.
`
`In the exemplary arrangement shown in FIG. 3B, the
`RSM includes an assignable demodulator and decoder
`221, a TDM demodulator and decoder 222, control
`means, audio decompressor and D/A converter 225,
`and data coder and modulator 224. The assignable de-
`modulator and decoder 221 may be viewed as an assign—
`able demodulator 299 and an assignable decoder 291.
`The TDM demodulator and decoder 222 may be
`viewed as a TDM demodulator 282 and a TDM de-
`coder 275. The control means is embodied as data pro-
`cessing and controller 223. The RSM is used with a
`radio satellite terminal having a message display, an
`input, satellite RF electronics, and a transmitter 221.
`A block diagram of a TDM demodulator 282 is
`shown in FIG. 3C. The TDM demodulator 282 opera—
`tively is coupled to the satellite RF electronics 215. In
`response to a TDM-data-rate signal from data process-
`ing and controller 223, the TDM demodulator 282 using
`symbol clock 277 adjusts its electronics to accommo-
`date received signals having various data rates. The
`TDM demodulator 282 using carrier tracking loop 281
`generates a second frequency-error signal by comparing
`to a local signal, the frequency of the TDM-IF signal
`from satellite electronics 215. The TDM demodulator
`282 demodulates the TDM-IF signal from satellite RF
`electronics 215 to an in-phase TDM signal and a quad-
`rature-phase TDM signal by using appropriate iii-phase
`and quadrature-phase circuitry. The TDM demodulator
`282 also digitizes the in-phase TDM signal and quadra-
`ture-phase TDM signal using A/D converters 278, 279,
`and averages or filters the output of A/D converters
`278, 279 using symbol devices 276, 283, respectively.
`Thus,
`the in-phase-TDM signal and the quadrature-
`phase-TDM signal can be digital or data signals.
`The TDM decoder 275 operatively is coupled to the
`TDM demodulator 282. The TDM decoder 275 convo-
`lutionally decodes the in~phase—TDM signal and the
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`from symbol devices
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`quadrature-phase-TDM signal
`276, 283 as a TDM data signal.
`A block diagram of an assignable demodulator 299 is
`shown in FIG. 3D. The assignable demodulator 299
`operatively is coupled to the satellite RF electronics
`215. The assignable demodulator 299 using symbol
`clock 292 adjusts its electronics to accommodate re-
`ceived signals having various data rates, in response to
`an assignable-data-rate signal from data processing and
`controller 223. The assignable demodulator 299 gener-
`ates a first frequency-error signal by comparing to a
`local signal, the frequency of the assignable-IF signal
`from satellite RF electronics 215. The assignable de-
`modulator 299 converts the assignable-IF signal from
`satellite RF electronics 215 to an in-phase-assignable
`signal and a quadrature-phase-assignable signal, by
`using appropriate in-phase and quadrature-phase cir—
`cuitry. The assignable demodulator 299 also digitizes
`the in-phase assignable signal and the quadrature-phase
`assignable signal using A/D converters 295, 296, and
`averages or filters the output of A/D converters 295,
`296 using symbol devices 293, 294, respectively. Thus,
`the in-phase-assignable signal and the quadrature-phase-
`assignable signal can be digital or data signals.
`The assignable decoder 291 operatively is coupled to
`the assignable demodulator 299. The assignable decoder
`291 convolutionally decodes the in-phase-assignable
`signal and the quadrature-phase-assignable signal from
`symbol devices 293, 294 as an assignable-data signal.
`The assignable-data signal is provided to a digital inter-
`face and to the audio decompressor and D/A converter
`225.
`
`The data processing and controller 223 of FIG. 3B
`operatively is coupled to the TDM decoder 275, the
`transmitter 211, and the satellite RF electronics 215.
`The data processing and controller 223 receives TDM
`data embedded in the TDM-data signal from TDM
`decoder 275, and decommutates the TDM-data signal
`as a control signal, paging signals and message signals.
`The data processing and controller 223, in response to
`the control signal from the TDM-data signal, generates
`the first frequency-command signal and the second
`frequency-command signal. The first frequency-com-
`mand signal is used to control the freque