UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`____________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`____________
`
`SAP AMERICA, INC.,
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`EXPRESS MOBILE, INC.,
`Patent Owner.
`
`____________
`
`Case IPR2021-01146
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`
`____________
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Page
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1
`I.
`II. MANDATORY NOTICES ............................................................................. 6
`A.
`Real Parties-in-Interest .......................................................................... 6
`B.
`Related Matters ...................................................................................... 6
`C.
`Counsel and Service Information: ....................................................... 11
`III. PAYMENT OF FEES ................................................................................... 12
`IV. REQUIREMENTS FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW .................................. 12
`A. Grounds for Standing .......................................................................... 12
`B.
`Identification of Challenge .................................................................. 12
`1. Specific Art on Which the Challenge is Based ............................ 12
`2. §325(d) Discretion Does Not Apply ............................................ 13
`3. §314(a) Discretion Does Not Apply ............................................ 15
`4. Statutory Grounds on Which the Challenge is Based .................. 16
`’044 PATENT AND PROSECUTION HISTORY ....................................... 16
`A.
`’044 Patent ........................................................................................... 16
`B.
`Prosecution History of the ’044 .......................................................... 18
`VI. LEVEL OF ORDINARY SKILL .................................................................. 20
`VII. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................... 20
`VIII. GROUNDS OF UNPATENTABILITY ........................................................ 23
`A. Ground 1: The Challenged Claims are rendered obvious
`by Huang ............................................................................................. 23
`1. Overview of Huang ...................................................................... 23
`2. Claim Chart—Huang ................................................................... 29
`B. Ground 2: The Challenged Claims are rendered obvious
`by Huang in view of Sanders .............................................................. 72
`
`V.
`
`i
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`
`Table of Contents (continued)
`
`
`Page
`
`C. Grounds 3-4: The Challenged Claims are rendered obvious
`by Huang in view of Gong (Ground 3) and in further view
`of Sanders (Ground 4) ......................................................................... 75
`D. Grounds 5-8: Claims 3, 7, 17, and 21 are rendered obvious
`by Huang in view of Bearman (Ground 5), in further view
`of Sanders (Ground 6), or in further view of Gong (Ground 7),
`or in further view of Sanders and Gong (Ground 8) ........................... 79
`IX. SECONDARY CONSIDERATIONS ........................................................... 82
`X.
`CONCLUSION .............................................................................................. 82
`
`ii
`
`

`

`
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`Ex. 1002
`
`Ex. 1003
`
`Ex. 1004
`
`Ex. 1005
`
`Ex. 1006
`
`Ex. 1007
`
`Ex. 1008
`
`Ex. 1009
`
`Ex. 1010
`
`Ex. 1011
`
`Ex. 1012
`
`Ex. 1013
`
`Ex. 1014
`
`Ex. 1015
`
`Ex. 1016
`
`Ex. 1017
`
`Ex. 1018
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`LIST OF EXHIBITS
`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044 to Rempell (“’044”)
`
`File History of U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`
`File History of U.S. Patent No. 9,063,755
`
`Declaration of Dr. Henry H. Houh (“Houh”)
`
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0118844 (“Huang”)
`
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0079282 (“Nachnani”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,938,077 (“Sanders”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,915,306 (“Gong”)
`
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0260820A1 (“Bearman”)
`
`Declaration of Sylvia Hall-Ellis, Ph.D., including (1) at pages 33-
`67 Lee, et al., “Menu-Driven Systems.” Encyclopedia of
`Microcomputers, Vol. 11, p. 101-127, and (2) at pages 82-162
`Shneiderman, et al., “Designing the User Interface: Strategies for
`Effective Human-Computer Interaction (4th Edition),” 2004.
`
`Reserved
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,069,437 (“Aigner”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,276,115 (“Bates”)
`
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2006/0248121 (“Cacenco”)
`
`Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (6th Ed. 2007)
`
`Oxford Dictionary of Computing (6th Ed. 2008)
`
`Reserved
`
`Redline Comparison of ’755 and ’044 Patent Claims
`
`i
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Reserved
`
`Redline Comparison of ’044 Patent claims 1, 3, 5-7, 11-13 to
`claims 15, 17, 19-21, 25-27
`
`Plaintiff Express Mobile, Inc.’s Disclosure of Asserted Claims
`and Infringement Contentions, Express Mobile, Inc. v. SAP SE,
`No. 3:20-cv-08492-RS (N.D. Cal. Mar. 18, 2021)
`
`Order Granting in Part and Denying in Part Stay Motions,
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. SAP SE, No. 3:20-cv-08492-RS, D.I. 34
`(N.D. Cal. Apr. 5, 2021)
`
`Joint Statement re: Coordination of Claim Construction
`Proceedings, Express Mobile, Inc. v. SAP SE, No. 3:20-cv-08492-
`RS, D.I. 35, 35-1 (N.D. Cal. Apr. 23, 2021)
`
`Order re: Claim Construction Schedule, Express Mobile, Inc. v.
`SAP SE, No. 3:20-cv-08492-RS, D.I. 36 (N.D. Cal. Apr. 26,
`2021)
`
`Claim Construction Memorandum Opinion, Shopify Inc. v.
`Express Mobile, Inc., No. 1:19-cv-439-RGA, D.I. 137 (D. Del.
`Jun. 23, 2020)
`
`Claim Construction Order, Shopify Inc. v. Express Mobile, Inc.,
`No. 1:19-cv-439-RGA, D.I. 142 (D. Del. Jun. 30, 2020)
`
`Claim Construction Memorandum Opinion, Express Mobile, Inc.
`v. GoDaddy.Com, LLC, No. 1:19-cv-1937-RGA, D.I. 121 (D.
`Del. Jun. 1, 2021)
`
`Claim Construction Memorandum Order, Express Mobile, Inc. v.
`GoDaddy.Com, LLC, No. 1:19-cv-1937-RGA, D.I. 129 (D. Del.
`Jun. 8, 2021)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,779,153 (“Kagle”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,595,186 (“Mandyam”)
`
`Ex. 1019-
`1020
`
`Ex. 1021
`
`Ex. 1022
`
`Ex. 1023
`
`Ex. 1024
`
`Ex. 1025
`
`Ex. 1026
`
`Ex. 1027
`
`Ex. 1028
`
`Ex. 1029
`
`Ex. 1030
`
`Ex. 1031
`
`ii
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Ex. 1032
`
`Ex. 1033
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,988,241 (“Guttman”)
`
`Declaration of Jonathan Bradford
`
`iii
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`
`
`
`CLAIM LISTING
`
`
`[1.pre] A system for generating code to provide content on a display of a device,
`
`said system comprising:
`
`[1.a] computer memory storing:
`
`[1.a.1] a) symbolic names required for evoking one or more web
`
`components each related to a set of inputs and outputs of a web
`
`service obtainable over a network,
`
`[1.a.2] where the symbolic names are character strings that do not
`
`contain either a persistent address or pointer to an output value
`
`accessible to the web service,
`
`[1.a.3] where each symbolic name has an associated data format class
`
`type corresponding to a subclass of User Interface (UI) objects that
`
`support the data format type of the symbolic name, and
`
`[1.a.4] where each symbolic name has a preferred UI object, and
`
`[1.a.5] b) an address of the web service;
`
`[1.b] an authoring tool configured to:
`
`[1.c] define a UI object for presentation on the display,
`
`iv
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`[1.d] where said defined UI object corresponds to a web component
`
`included in said computer memory selected from a group consisting of an
`
`input of the web service and an output of the web service,
`
`[1.d.1] where each defined UI object is either: 1) selected by a user of
`
`the authoring tool; or
`
`[1.d.2] 2) automatically selected by the system as the preferred UI
`
`object corresponding to the symbolic name of the web component
`
`selected by the user of the authoring tool,
`
`[1.e] access said computer memory to select the symbolic name
`
`corresponding to the web component of the defined UI object,
`
`[1.f] associate the selected symbolic name with the defined UI object, where
`
`the selected symbolic name is only available to UI objects that support the
`
`defined data format associated with that symbolic name,
`
`[1.g] store information representative of said defined UI object and related
`
`settings in a database;
`
`[1.h] retrieve said information representative of said one or more said UI
`
`object settings stored in said database; and
`
`[1.i] build an application consisting of one or more web page views from at
`
`least a portion of said database utilizing at least one player, where said
`
`v
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`player utilizes information stored in said database to generate for the display
`
`of at least a portion of said one or more web pages,
`
`[1.j] wherein when the application and player are provided to the device and
`
`executed on the device, and
`
`[1.k] when the user of the device provides one or more input values
`
`associated with an input symbolic name to an input of the defined UI object,
`
`the device provides the user provided one or more input values and
`
`corresponding input symbolic name to the web service, the web service
`
`utilizes the input symbolic name and the user provided one or more input
`
`values for generating one or more output values having an associated output
`
`symbolic name,
`
`[1.l] and the player receives the output symbolic name and corresponding
`
`one or more output values and provides instructions for the display of the
`
`device to present an output value in the defined UI object.
`
`[3] The system of claim 1, where said web component is a text chat, a video chat,
`
`an image, a slideshow, a video, or an RSS feed.
`
`[5] The system of claim 1, where said UI object is an input field for a web service.
`
`[6] The system of claim 1, where said UI object is an input field usable to obtain
`
`said web component, where said input field includes a text field, a scrolling text
`
`box, a check box, a drop down-menu, a list menu, or a submit button.
`
`vi
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`[7] The system of claim 1, where said web component is an output of a web
`
`service, is the text provided by one or more simultaneous chat sessions, is the
`
`video of a video chat session, is a video, an image, a slideshow, an RSS display, or
`
`an advertisement.
`
`[11] The system of claim 1, where said code is provided over said network.
`
`[12] The system of claim 1, wherein said defined UI object corresponds to a
`
`widget.
`
`[13] The system of claim 1, where said player is activated and runs in a web
`
`browser.
`
`[15.pre] A method of displaying content on a display of a device having a player
`
`and non-volatile computer memory storing symbolic names required for evoking
`
`one or more web components each related to a set of inputs and outputs of a web
`
`service obtainable over a network, where the symbolic names are character strings
`
`that do not contain either a persistent address or pointer to an output value
`
`accessible to the web service, where each symbolic name has an associated data
`
`format class type corresponding to a subclass of User Interface (UI) objects that
`
`support the data format type of the symbolic name, and where each symbolic name
`
`has a preferred UI object, and an address of the web service, said method
`
`comprising:
`
`[15.a] defining a UI object for presentation on the display,
`
`vii
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`[15.b] where said UI object corresponds to a web component included in the
`
`computer memory, where said web component is selected from a group
`
`consisting of an input of a web service and an output of the web service,
`
`[15.b.1] where each defined UI object is either: 1) selected by a user
`
`of the authoring tool; or
`
`[15.b.2] 2) automatically selected by the system as the preferred UI
`
`object corresponding to a symbolic name of the web component
`
`selected by the user of the authoring tool;
`
`[15.c] selecting the symbolic name corresponding to the web component of
`
`the defined UI object;
`
`[15.d] associating the selected symbolic name with the defined UI object,
`
`where the selected symbolic name is only available to UI objects that
`
`support the defined data format associated with that symbolic name;
`
`[15.e] storing information representative of said defined UI object and
`
`related settings in a database;
`
`[15.f] retrieving said information representative of said one or more said UI
`
`object settings stored in said database; and
`
`[15.g] building an application consisting of one or more web page views
`
`from at least a portion of said database utilizing the player, where said player
`
`viii
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`utilizes information stored in said database to generate for the display of at
`
`least a portion of said one or more web pages,
`
`[15.h] wherein, when the application and player are provided to the device
`
`and executed on the device, and
`
`[15.i] when the user of the device provides one or more input values
`
`associated with an input symbolic name to an input of the defined UI object,
`
`1) the device provides the user provided one or more input values and
`
`corresponding input symbolic name to the web service, 2) the web service
`
`utilizes the input symbolic name and the user provided one or more input
`
`values for generating one or more output values having an associated output
`
`symbolic name, and
`
`[15.j] 3) the player receives the output symbolic name and corresponding
`
`one or more output values and provides instructions for the display of the
`
`device to present an output value in the defined UI object.
`
`[17] The method of claim 15, where said web component is a text chat, a video
`
`chat, an image, a slideshow, a video, or an RSS feed.
`
`[19] The method of claim 15, where said UI object is an input field for a web
`
`service.
`
`ix
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`[20] The method of claim 15, where said UI object is an input field usable to
`
`obtain said web component, where said input field includes a text field, a scrolling
`
`text box, a check box, a drop down-menu, a list menu, or a submit button.
`
`[21] The method of claim 15, where said web component is an output of a web
`
`service, is the text provided by one or more simultaneous chat sessions, is the
`
`video of a video chat session, is a video, an image, a slideshow, an RSS display, or
`
`an advertisement.
`
`[24] The method of claim 15, and such that said player interprets dynamically
`
`received, device independent values of the web component defined in the
`
`application.
`
`[25] The method of claim 15, further comprising: providing said application and
`
`player over said network.
`
`[26] The method of claim 15, wherein said UI object corresponds to a widget.
`
`[27] The method of claim 15, where said player is activated and runs in a web
`
`browser.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`x
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Pursuant to §§311-319 and §42.1,1 SAP America, Inc. (“Petitioner”) petitions
`
`for inter partes review (“IPR”) of claims 1, 3, 5-7, 11-13, 15, 17, 19-21, and 24-27
`
`(“Challenged Claims”) of U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044 (Ex. 1001, “’044”), assigned to
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. (“PO”). Petitioner requests review of the Challenged Claims,
`
`and judgment finding them unpatentable under §103.
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`The ’044 is directed to generating code using an authoring tool to provide
`
`content to display on a device. ’044, 1:6-8, 1:33-2:3, 5:19-22. The devices are
`
`provided with players specific to each device and applications that are device
`
`independent. ’044, Abstract, 2:1-3, 5:13-28. The purported point of novelty was
`
`that user interface (“UI”) objects displayed on the device are bound to web
`
`components that correspond to inputs and outputs of a web service provided over a
`
`network. ’044, 8:56-10:29, 37:48-40:55; see §V.B.
`
`
`1 Section cites are to 35 U.S.C. (pre-AIA) or 37 C.F.R. as context indicates. All
`
`emphasis/annotations added unless noted. Annotations added to the figures herein
`
`generally quote the Challenged Claims’ language for reference. All citations herein
`
`are exemplary and not meant to be limiting.
`
`1
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`
`
`’044, FIG. 1A, 2:14-16. However, the features described and claimed in the ’044
`
`were known in the prior art.
`
`For example, Huang (Ex. 1005), like the ’044, discloses using a Designer for
`
`generating UI applications to display on devices. Huang, ¶¶[0040]-[0042], FIGS.
`
`1A-1C. The application, stored as device-independent XML code, and a player are
`
`provided to the device for execution and display on the device. Huang, ¶¶[0040]-
`
`[0042]. The application contains bindings between UI components (application
`
`components) and web service attributes of a Generic WS Object, which corresponds
`
`2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`to inputs and outputs of a web service over the Internet. Huang, ¶¶[0008], [0055]-
`
`[0056], [0058]-[0061].
`
`Huang, FIG. 1B, ¶¶[0010], [0056]-[0059]. Huang teaches a filter lookup function,
`
`which includes a UI object comprising input filter field(s) (e.g., “Name” and/or
`
`“CloseDate,” FIG. 12C) and an output Selection Lookup Table, e.g.:
`
`
`
`3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`
`
`Huang, FIG. 12C, ¶¶[0055]-[0056], [0062], [0119]. Filter field(s) are assigned input
`
`symbolic names that are bound to filter field web service attributes, and columns of
`
`the Selection Lookup Table are assigned output symbolic names that are bound to
`
`web service object attributes. Huang, ¶¶[0061]-[0062], [0139], FIGS. 5A-5B, 6A-
`
`6B. The value(s) of the filter field(s) is provided to the web service, which returns
`
`web service objects that have the value corresponding to the specified filter field
`
`value (e.g., “Jin-test” for the Name filter field; FIG. 12C). Huang, FIGS. 12A-12C,
`
`¶[0119], see also FIGS. 14A-14C, ¶[0121].
`
`Sanders (Ex. 1007) further discloses providing a server-selected optimized
`
`player and client-side script as a player to provide content compatible with the
`
`device’s specific browser/operating system. Sanders, 7:13-49, 3:40-58, 5:41-46.
`
`4
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Gong (Ex. 1008) further discloses techniques for generating default “user
`
`interface (UI) elements” to expedite the creation of the UI. Gong, 1:29-35, 1:49-60,
`
`5:41-46.
`
`Bearman (Ex. 1009) further discloses exchanging data between users and web
`
`services using a real-time instant messaging client. Bearman, Abstract, ¶¶[0010],
`
`[0017], [0021].
`
`During prosecution, the USPTO did not consider the above prior art or any
`
`references providing analogous technical features. Had such references been
`
`available and considered previously, the Challenged Claims would have been found
`
`unpatentable.
`
`IPR2021-00711 filed by a third party is awaiting a preliminary response (due
`
`7/21/21) and relies on Huang among other references. However, this Petition relies
`
`on different portions of Huang and challenges several additional claims as explained
`
`in §IV.B.1-2, IV.B.4.
`
`Petitioner requests that the Board institute trial and find the Challenged
`
`Claims unpatentable.
`
`5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`II. MANDATORY NOTICES
`A. Real Parties-in-Interest
`
`SAP SE, SAP America, Inc., and SAP Labs, LLC are real parties-in-interest.
`
`No other party had access to or control over the present Petition, and no other party
`
`funded or participated in preparation of the present Petition.
`
`B. Related Matters
`
`Petitioner is concurrently filing IPR petitions challenging claims of related
`
`U.S. Patent Nos. 9,063,755 (“’755”) and 9,471,287 (“’287”).
`
`In addition, the following IPRs are pending for the ’044 and patents related to
`
`the ’044:
`
`1.
`
`Google LLC v. Express Mobile, Inc., No. IPR2021-00709 (PTAB)
`
`(’755)
`
`2.
`
`Google LLC v. Express Mobile, Inc., No. IPR2021-00710 (PTAB)
`
`(’287)
`
`3.
`
`Google LLC v. Express Mobile, Inc., No. IPR2021-00711 (PTAB)
`
`(’044)
`
`The ’044 is the subject of the following co-pending civil actions:
`
`1.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Slack Techs., Inc., No. 3-21-cv-02001 (N.D.
`
`Cal.)
`
`2.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Dropbox, Inc., No. 3-21-cv-01145 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`6
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`3.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Booking.com B.V., No. 3-20-cv-08491 (N.D.
`
`Cal.)
`
`4.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Salesforce.com, Inc., No. 3-20-cv-08461 (N.D.
`
`Cal.)
`
`5.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. SAP SE, No. 3-20-cv-08492 (N.D. Cal.) (“SAP
`
`Litigation”)
`
`6.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc., No. 3-20-cv-08339 (N.D.
`
`Cal.)
`
`7.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Oath Holdings Inc. f/k/a Yahoo!, No. 3-20-cv-
`
`08321 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Pinterest, Inc., No. 3-20-cv-08335 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Adobe Inc. d/b/a Adobe Systems Inc., No. 3-20-
`
`cv- 08297 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`10. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Atlassian Corporation PLC, No. 6-20-cv-00805
`
`(W.D. Tex.)
`
`11. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Expedia, Inc., No. 6-20-cv-00801 (W.D. Tex.)
`
`12. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Facebook Inc., No. 6-20-cv-00803 (W.D. Tex.)
`
`13. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Google LLC, No. 6-20-cv-00804 (W.D. Tex.)
`
`14. Express Mobile, Inc. v. HubSpot, Inc., No. 1-20-cv-01162 (D. Del.)
`
`15. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp., No. 3-20-cv-06152 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`7
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`16. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Squarespace, Inc., No. 1-20-cv-01163 (D. Del.)
`
`17. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Web.com Group, Inc., No. 3-20-cv-00839
`
`(M.D. Fl.)
`
`18. Express Mobile, Inc. v. GoDaddy.Com, LLC, No. 1-19-cv-01937 (D.
`
`Del.)
`
`19. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Wix.com, Ltd., No. 3-19-cv-06559 (N.D. Cal.)
`
`20.
`
`Shopify Inc. v. Express Mobile, Inc., No. 1-19-cv-00439 (D. Del.)
`
`The ’044 was formerly the subject of the following civil actions:
`
`1.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Dropbox, Inc., No. 6-20-cv-00806 (W.D. Tex.)
`
`(terminated Feb. 4, 2021)
`
`2.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. MH Sub I, LLC d/b/a Officite, No. 3-19-cv-
`
`03352 (N.D. Cal.) (terminated Aug. 13, 2020)
`
`3.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. iCrossing, Inc., No. 1-18-cv-01176 (D. Del.)
`
`(terminated Aug. 7, 2020)
`
`4.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Web.Com Group, Inc., No. 1-19-cv-01936
`
`(D.Del.) (terminated Jul. 28, 2020)
`
`5.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. InMotion Hosting, Inc., No. 2-19-cv-05097
`
`(C.D. Cal.) (terminated May 13, 2020)
`
`6.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Evolve Media, LLC, No. 2-19-cv-05093 (C.D.
`
`Cal.) (terminated Mar. 16, 2020)
`
`8
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`7.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Rishabh Business Solutions, Inc., No. 3-19-cv-
`
`03356 (N.D. Cal.) (terminated Mar. 13, 2020)
`
`8.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Contus Interactive, Inc., No. 3-19-cv-03350
`
`(N.D. Cal.) (terminated Feb. 7, 2020)
`
`9.
`
`Express Mobile, Inc. v. Advantage AMP, Inc., No. 2-19-cv-05155 (C.D.
`
`Cal.) (terminated Jan. 24, 2020)
`
`10. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Rauxa Direct, LLC, No. 3-19-cv-03357 (N.D.
`
`Cal.) (terminated Jan. 17, 2020)
`
`11. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Netlancers Inc., No. 2-19-cv-05102 (C.D. Cal.)
`
`(terminated Dec. 16, 2019)
`
`12. Express Mobile, Inc. v. e-Zest Solutions, Inc., No. 3-19-cv-03351 (N.D.
`
`Cal.) (terminated Nov. 18, 2019)
`
`13. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Add2Net, Inc., No. 2-19-cv-05091 (C.D. Cal.)
`
`(terminated Sep. 30, 2019)
`
`14. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Namecheap, Inc., No. 1-18-cv-01181 (D. Del.)
`
`(terminated Sep. 16, 2019)
`
`15. Express Mobile, Inc. v. DreamHost, LLC, No. 1-18-cv-01173 (D. Del.)
`
`(terminated Aug. 13, 2019)
`
`16. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Hostway Services, Inc., No. 1-18-cv-01175 (D.
`
`Del.) (terminated Aug. 8, 2019)
`
`9
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`17. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Liquid Web, LLC, No. 1-18-cv-01177 (D. Del.)
`
`(terminated Aug. 7, 2019)
`
`18. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Hill Holliday LLC, No. 1-18-cv-01174 (D. Del.)
`
`(terminated Aug. 5, 2019)
`
`19. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Rackspace Hosting, Inc., No. 1-18-cv-01183
`
`(D. Del.) (terminated May 29, 2019)
`
`20. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Pantheon Systems Inc., No. 3-18-cv-04688
`
`(N.D. Cal.) (terminated Feb. 14, 2019)
`
`21. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Big Spaceship LLC, No. 1-18-cv-01167 (D.
`
`Del.) (terminated Jan. 29, 2019)
`
`22. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Happiest Minds Technologies Pvt. Ltd., No. 3-
`
`18-cv- 04683 (N.D. Cal.) (terminated Jan. 24, 2019)
`
`23. Express Mobile, Inc. v. Blue State Digital Inc., No. 1-18-cv-01168 (D.
`
`Del.) (terminated Jan. 2, 2019)
`
`10
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`C. Counsel and Service Information:
`
`James L. Davis, Jr. (Reg. No. 57,325) (Lead)
`ROPES & GRAY LLP
`1900 University Avenue, 6th Floor
`East Palo Alto, CA 94303-2284
`Phone: 650-617-4000
`Fax: 617-235-9492
`james.l.davis@ropesgray.com
`SAP-EM-IPR@ropesgray.com
`
`Scott A. McKeown (Reg. No. 42,866) (Back-Up)
`ROPES & GRAY LLP
`2099 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
`Washington, D.C. 20006-6807
`Phone: 202-508-4740
`Fax: 617-235-9492
`scott.mckeown@ropesgray.com
`
`Lance W. Shapiro (Reg. No. 74,869) (Back-up)
`ROPES & GRAY LLP
`1211 Avenue of the Americas
`New York, NY 10036
`Phone: 212-596-9000
`Fax: 617-235-9492
`lance.shapiro@ropesgray.com
`
`Customer No. 28120
`
`Mailing address for all PTAB correspondence:
`ROPES & GRAY LLP, IPRM—Floor 43
`Prudential Tower, 800 Boylston Street,
`Boston, MA 02199-3600
`
`Petitioner consents to electronic service of documents to the email addresses
`
`of the counsel identified above.
`
`11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`III. PAYMENT OF FEES
`The PTO is authorized to charge any fees due during this proceeding to
`
`Deposit Account No. 18-1945, under Order No. 108937-0018-653.
`
`IV. REQUIREMENTS FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`A. Grounds for Standing
`
`Pursuant to §42.104(a), Petitioner certifies that the ’044 is available for IPR.
`
`Petitioner and the real parties-in-interest are not barred or estopped from requesting
`
`IPR challenging the claims on the grounds identified herein.
`
`B.
`
`Identification of Challenge
`
`Pursuant to §§42.104(b)-(b)(1), Petitioner requests IPR of claims 1, 3, 5-7,
`
`11-13, 15, 17, 19-21, and 24-27, and that the Board cancel the same as unpatentable.
`
`1.
`
`Specific Art on Which the Challenge is Based
`
`Petitioner relies on the following prior art:
`
`12
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Name
`
`Huang
`
`Nachnani
`
`Sanders
`Gong
`Bearman
`
`Patent/
`Publication
`
`US2007/
`0118844
`US2007/
`0079282
`US6,938,077
`US6,915,306
`US2004/
`0260820
`
`Exhib
`it
`
`Filed
`
`Published/
`Issued
`
`Prior art
`under at
`least
`1005 11/23/2005 5/24/2007 §§102(a),
`(b), and/or
`(e)
`
`1006
`
`9/30/2005
`
`4/5/2007
`
`8/30/2005 §§102(a),
`11/7/2001
`1007
`(b), (e)
`7/5/2005
`6/21/2002
`1008
`1009 10/24/2003 12/23/2004
`
`
`
`While the face of the ’044 claims priority to an earliest provisional application
`
`(61/123,438) filed 4/7/2008, PO does not claim that the ’044’s claims are entitled to
`
`priority to this provisional. Ex. 1022, 5-6. Instead, PO contends that the ’044 claims
`
`are entitled to an earlier priority date of 1/12/2008 due to the purported conception
`
`date of the ’044 claims, or alternatively, 11/11/2008, the filing date of provisional
`
`application 61/113,471. Id. Under either alleged priority date, Huang, Nachnani,
`
`Sanders, Gong, and Bearman are prior art.
`
`2.
`
`§325(d) Discretion Does Not Apply
`
`The Board should not exercise its discretion to deny institution under §325(d).
`
`Huang, Nachnani, Sanders, Gong, and Bearman were not considered by the PTO
`
`during prosecution. ’044, Cover. The Examiner also never considered the
`
`combination of prior art presented herein or the testimony of Petitioner’s expert Dr.
`
`13
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`Houh (Ex. 1004) regarding the scope and content of these documents. The presented
`
`grounds are not cumulative of any prior art previously considered, and are not the
`
`same or substantially the same as prior art or arguments previously considered.
`
`As of the filing of the present Petition, the Board has not instituted a challenge
`
`based on Huang, Nachnani, Sanders, Gong, Bearman, or any other reference. While
`
`IPR2021-00711 (filed by third party Google) also relies on Huang as part of its sole
`
`ground of Huang in view of Angelov, the present Petition relies on different grounds
`
`not including Angelov (see §§IV.B.4, VIII), and Grounds 2-8 rely on different prior
`
`art. This Petition also presents substantially different arguments than those raised in
`
`IPR2021-00711, including a substantially different mapping between Huang’s
`
`disclosures and the ’044’s claims. See Sling TV LLC v. Uniloc 2017 LLC, IPR2019-
`
`01270, Pap. 11, *16-20 (“[U]nwarranted to apply…§325(d)…simply because
`
`[petition] relies on the same or similar references that were considered in a prior
`
`petition.”). For example, whereas Google relies on a generic text input component
`
`or button that is part of a graphical UI as the ’044’s claimed “UI object” (e.g.,
`
`IPR2021-00711, Pap. 1, *39-41), the present Petition relies on a particular
`
`configuration of UI objects that consist of Huang’s filter inputs and Selection
`
`Lookup Table column outputs that are bound to web service object attributes.
`
`§VIII.A.2, [1.c]-[1.l]. Furthermore, this Petition’s Challenged Claims (1, 3, 5-7, 11-
`
`13, 15, 17, 19-21, and 24-27) challenges more and certain different claims than
`
`14
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`challenged by Google (1, 2, 7, and 11). Additionally, this Petition is being filed prior
`
`to PO filing its POPR in IPR2021-00711. For at least these reasons, the present
`
`Petition does not present the same or substantially the same art or arguments
`
`previously considered or under consideration by the PTO.
`
`3.
`
`§314(a) Discretion Does Not Apply
`
`The SAP Litigation also does not warrant the exercise of discretion under
`
`§314(a). Precision Planting v. Deere & Co., IPR2019-01044, Pap. 17, *9-22
`
`(instituting despite overlap of the petition’s invalidity grounds in district court and
`
`the district court’s trial date scheduled one month before the FWD would issue
`
`because, in part, no claim construction ruling had issued, and fact and expert
`
`discovery had not closed). The SAP Litigation is in its early stages—PO served
`
`infringement contentions on only 3/18/2021 and, due to consolidation of claim
`
`construction proceedings in N.D. Cal., Petitioner has not yet served invalidity
`
`contentions (due 7/19/2021). Exs. 1024-1025. In addition, no post-Markman
`
`litigation deadlines have been set, including the close of fact and expert discovery
`
`and trial. Further, the district court has expressed willingness to stay the litigation
`
`in view of PTO reviews, having partially stayed the litigation as to two of the five
`
`asserted patents (U.S. 6,546,397, 7,594,168) pending ex parte reexamination. Ex.
`
`1023.
`
`The Board should not exercise its discretion to deny institution.
`
`15
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent No. 9,928,044
`Petition for Inter Partes Review - IPR2021-01146
`
`4.
`
`Statutory Grounds on Which the Challenge is Based
`
`Ground References
`
`Huang
`
`Huang in view of Sanders
`
`Huang in view of Gong
`
`Basis Challenged Claims
`
`§103 1, 3, 5-7, 11-13, 15,
`
`17, 19-21, and 24-
`
`27
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`
`7
`
`8
`
`Huang in view of Sanders and Gong
`
`Huang in view of Bearman
`
`§103 3, 7, 17, 21
`
`Huang in view of Sanders and Bearman
`
`Huang in view of Gong and Bearman
`
`Huang in view of Sanders, Gong, and
`
`Bearman
`
`H