IPR2021-01041
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`GOOGLEEXHIBIT 1034
`GOOGLE v. NEONODE
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`Page 1 of 6
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`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1034
`GOOGLE v. NEONODE
`IPR2021-01041
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`Page 1 of 6
`
`

`

`Dictionary of
`Computer and
`Internet Terms
`
`Seventh Edition
`
`Douglas A. A,owning, Ph.D.
`School of Busi~ess and Economics
`Seattle Pacific University
`
`Michael A. Covington, Ph.D.
`Artificial Intelligence Center
`The University of Georgia
`
`Melody Mauldin Covington
`Covington Innovations
`Athens, Georgia
`
`B;\Rill)N'S
`
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`ABOUT THE AUTHORS
`
`Douglas Downing tcm:hes economics and quantitative methods and is undergrnd(cid:173)
`uate progrnm ditector for the School of Business aml Economics at Sealtlc Pacific
`University. He is the mllhor or several books in both Barron's Easy Wny and Busi(cid:173)
`ness Review se1 ies. He is also the author of Jm·a Prosra111111i11g the Easy Way ;:ind
`Dictio11c11J r?f' Mathematics Terms, published by Barron's Educatio11al Series, Jnc,
`He holds the Ph.D. degree in economics frolll Ynle University.
`M idiael Covington is Associate Director of the Artificial Intelligence Center al
`the University of Georgia, He is a contributing editor for Poptmnics magazine and
`is the author of Compurer Science SIii<~\' Keys (published by Barrnn·s). He holds the
`Ph.D. degree in linguistics from Yale University,
`Melody Mauldin Covington is a grnphic designer living in Athens, Georgia. She
`is the author of Dicriolilll)' of D1•skto/i P11blishi11g (published by B11mm·s).
`
`© Copyr ighl 2000 by Barron's Educational Series, lnc,
`Prior editions© copyright 1998, 1996, 1995, 1992, 1989, and 1986
`by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
`
`All rights reserved.
`No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photoslat, microfilm,
`xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information
`retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission
`of the copyright owner.
`,.
`/
`'
`.'/'__ ;
`
`All i11q11irie.'> sho11/d be addres.H•d lo:
`Ba1rn11's Educational Series, [nc.
`250 Wireless Boulevard
`Hnuppaugc, New York I 1788
`http://www.barronseduc.com
`
`libmry <f Co11gress Cmalog Card No. 99-35913
`
`JnternJtional Standard Book No. 0-7641-1265-1
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`' ,ti
`
`'
`
`.,
`
`·'
`
`Downing, Douglas.
`Dictionary of computer and Tntcrnct terms/ Douglas A . Downing,
`Michael A. Covington, Melody Mauldin Covington-7th ed.
`cm.
`p.
`First-4th eds. published uncle!' Litle: Dictionary of computer
`terms.
`ISBN 0-7641-1265- I
`2. Internet {Computer nelwork}-
`I. Compu1ers-Dictionnries.
`J, oving1011, Michael A., 1957-
`II. Ctwington.
`Dictionaries.
`l\fol ,uy Mauldin.
`lLL Downing, Douglas. Di tionory of computer
`IV. Til.le.
`ICTTTI . .
`QA76.15.D667
`0041.03-dc2 l
`
`2000
`
`..
`
`PRINTED IN THE UNlTED STATES Of AM ERIC,\
`
`87654321
`
`99-35913
`CIP
`
`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1034
`GOOGLE v. NEONODE
`IPR2021-01041
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`CONTENTS
`
`About the Authors ....•................. , ...................•. H
`
`To the Reader . . . . ...... ..... ... . .. ........................... iv
`
`Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms .................. 1-549
`Numbers ... . .... ... ..... ........ .. ..... .. . . .. ... . ... . .. I
`Greek Letters .. .. ... .... .... ..... .. . . . . ........ . . ... . ... 3
`A ........... . . ........ . . .... . ...... . .. , .... . ........ . . . 4
`B .. .. .. ..... .. ... .. .. . ............ .. . ..... . ... ... ..... 39
`C .................................... . .. . . . . ... . . . .. .. 71
`D ..... . ...... . ....... .. ............. . . . . ....... . .... . 118
`E ............................... . . ... . .. . ............ 147
`F . . ..... . ... . . . ........... .. ... .. . . . ... . . ......... ... 174
`G .... . ........... . ................................ , .. 201
`H .............. . ................ . ... . . . ... ... ..... . .. 2J l
`I . ..... . ... . . .. ........ ... . ....... . .................. 229
`J . .......... .. ... .............. . . ... ... .. .. . ...... . .. 251
`K ..... . . .. ... . . . .. . . .... ..... . .. . . . . . ..... .. ... . . . .. . 260
`L ... .. . ...... . .. ........ ... . . . . . ... . . .. .. . . ..... . . ... 264
`M ................................. . .... . .... . . ...... 286
`N ... ... . .. ..... .. ............ . ... . . .. . ... . ........ . . . 319
`0 ......... . ....... .. ................................ . 334
`P .. .. . ..... . . .. .. ..... . .............................. 345
`Q . ..... ...... .. ......... ...... ....................... 392
`R ... ... . . .. .. .. . . . . ....... . ..... ... . ... .. . ..... . .. . .. 395
`S . . ......................................... , ........ 425
`T . .. . . . .. . . . ........ . ................................ 471
`U ....................... . ............ . . .... . ..... ... . 503
`V . ..... ... .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. ..... . .. .. ... . . . . .. 512
`W ..... . . .... . ... .. .. ..... ..... ............ , ......... 524
`X . .. . .. . ....... . ............. . .... . ... .. . .. . . .. . . . . .. 540
`Y ..... .. .. ... ..... .. ................................. 546
`z • • t
`I e ♦ ■ • • • • 5-48
`■ •
`■ •
`■ •
`■ • • •
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`,
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`1
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`• 4
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`•
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`•
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`•
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`Visual Dictionary of Characters and Symbols . .. .. . .. .. ... 550-554
`.,.
`
`iii
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`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code)
`
`127
`
`desktop
`
`victim. For examples, see MAIL BOMBING; PING FLOODING. See also
`COMPUTER SECURITY.
`DES (Digita] Encryption Standard) an encryption system using 56-bit
`keys in a complicated 16-round substitution process. It has been a
`federal standard since 1976.
`
`y
`
`FIGURE 72. DESCENDERS
`
`descender the part of a character that extends below the baseline. For
`instance, the Jetter p has a descender; the letter o does not. See ASCEN(cid:173)
`DER; TYPEFACE.
`deselect to telJ the computer you do not want to work with a particular
`object. There are minor differences in how different software does
`this, but clicking on the background or another object wil1 usually de(cid:173)
`se]ect the current object. If you want to select multiple objects, you
`can hold down Ctrl while clicking on the desired objects. This allows
`you to se]ect as many items as you want. To deselect just one item
`of a group, dick on it again while continuing to hold Ctrl. ILyou are
`choosing between mutually exclusive options in a dialog box, choosing
`one button wm clear the others (see RAD10 BUTTONS; OPTION BUTTONS).
`H;nt: If you wish to se]ect all but one or two objects in a drawing,
`the fastest way is to "Select All" (either by using the edit menu option
`or by MARQUEE SELECT), and then deselect the unwanted objects.
`desk accessory a small, useful program that is meant to be a]ways at
`hand while you are working at your computer. Examples include the
`dock, calculator, Character Map (KeyCaps for Mac users) and the Con(cid:173)
`trol Panel. All Macintosh programs provide access to the Desk Acces(cid:173)
`sories under the Apple menu. Windows desk accessories are found in
`the Accessories program group.
`deskew to straighten; to undo the effects of a SKEW command.
`desktop the whole computer screen, representing your workspace. You
`manipulate objects (1c0Ns) with the mouse in much the same way that
`you work with papers and other objects on your physical desktop.
`On the Macintosh and in OS/2, the desktop is also a special fi]e
`containing information about the arrangement of icons, the programs
`you are using, and the like. This information is saved whenever you
`
`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1034
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`Desktop, Active
`
`128
`
`M!JHM
`
`~
`l.!BIII
`
`fl
`rm,m
`
`FIGURE 73. DESKTOP (WINDOWS 95)
`
`shut the computer down and retrieved when you turn it on again. On the
`Macintosh, obsolete information accumulates in the desktop file and
`eventually the desktop needs to be rebuilt (reconstructed). See REBUILD
`DESKTOP.
`In Windows 95 and 98, the desktop is a special directory called
`\windows\desktop . It normal1y contains many SHORTCUTS to pro(cid:173)
`gram files in other locations. The shortcuts are represented by files
`with the extension . lnk.
`The desktop is not identical with the ROOT DIRECTORY of a disk; it is
`more like a directory containing everything on the computer, including
`the disk drives. In Windows 95 and Windows 98, the disk drives are
`accessed through a desktop icon ca1led ''My Computer."
`Desktop, Active see ACTLVE DESKTOP.
`desktop publishing the use of personal computers to design and
`print professional-quality typeset documents . (See TYPEFACE.) A desk(cid:173)
`top publishing program such as PageMaker or QuarkXpress is much
`more versatile than a word processing program; in addition to typing
`documents, the user can specify the layout in great detail, use multiple
`input files, have comprehensive typographic control, insert pictures,
`and preview Lhe appearance of the printed document on the screen.
`
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