`
`Windows XP in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition
`
`By David A. Karp, Troy Mott, Tim O'Reilly
`
`
`Publisher: O'Reilly
`Pub Date: February 2005
`ISBN: 0-596-00900-3
`Pages: 684
`
`
`
`Windows XP in a Nutshell, Second Edition documents everything there is
`to know about the world's most widely used operating system. Updated to
`include information on the security technologies featured in Service Pack 2
`(SP2), this must-have desktop reference is dedicated to making your time
`at the computer safer, easier, and more fun. It's the ultimate resource for
`IT professionals and Windows XP power users everywhere.
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`•
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`Table of
`Contents
`• Index
`• Reviews
`Reader
`Reviews
`• Errata
`• Academic
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`•
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`Lenovo EX-1037, Page 001
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`Windows XP in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition
`
`
`
`•
`
`
`Table of
`Contents
`• Index
`• Reviews
`Reader
`Reviews
`• Errata
`• Academic
`
`By David A. Karp, Troy Mott, Tim O'Reilly
`
`
`Publisher: O'Reilly
`Pub Date: February 2005
`ISBN: 0-596-00900-3
`Pages: 684
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`•
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`Copyright
`Preface
`Considerations and Scope
`Organization of the Book
`Conventions Used in This Book
`We'd Like to Hear from You
`Safari Enabled
`Windows XP Resource Links
`Using Code Examples
`Acknowledgments
`Part I: The Big Picture
` Chapter 1. The Lay of the Land
`Section 1.1. The Big Picture
`Section 1.2. What's New in Windows XP
`Section 1.3. Windows XP Home and Professional Editions
`Section 1.4. Windows Update
`Section 1.5. Windows Service Packs
` Chapter 2. Using Windows XP
`Section 2.1. The Desktop
`Section 2.2. Point-and-Click Operations
`Section 2.3. Starting Up Applications
`Section 2.4. Styles and Consequences of Styles
`Section 2.5. Windows and Menus
`Section 2.6. Keyboard Accelerators
`Section 2.7. Common Controls
`Section 2.8. Files, Folders, and Disks
`Section 2.9. The Command Line
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`Section 2.10. Online Help
`Section 2.11. Shutting Down
`Part II: Alphabetical Reference
` Chapter 3. The User Interface
`Address Bar
`Buttons
`Checkboxes
`Clipboard
`Combo Boxes
`Context Menus
`Control Menus
`Desktop
`Details
`Dialog Boxes
`Drop-Down Listboxes
`File Open/Save Dialogs
`Icons
`Input Fields
`Labels
`Listboxes
`Log Off
`Menus
`My Computer
`My Network Places
`Notification Area
`Progress Indicators
`Properties
`Radio Buttons
`Recycle Bin
`Run
`Scroll Bars
`Send To
`Shortcuts
`Shut Down
`Start Menu
`Status Bar
`System Tray
`Tabbed Dialogs
`Taskbar
`Text Boxes
`Title Bars
`Toolbars
`Tray
`Trees
`Turn Off Computer
`Windows
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` Chapter 4. Windows XP Applications and Tools
`Section 4.1. Using the Command Prompt
`Section 4.2. Alphabetical Reference to Windows Components
` Chapter 5. Task and Setting Index
`Accessibility
`Address Bar
`Administrative Tools
`Advanced Power Management (APM)
`Animation
`Applications
`Autocomplete
`Autodial
`Automatic Windows Update
`Background
`Bluetooth
`Br-Ca
`CD Drive
`Certificates
`Cl-Co
`Color Profiles
`Colors
`Com-Con
`Control Panel
`Cookies
`Country
`Cr-Da
`Desktop
`Devices
`Dialing
`Dig-Dis
`Display
`Do-Dr
`DVD
`Ef-Em
`Encrypted NTFS Files
`En-Ex
`Favorites
`Fax
`Files
`Firewall
`Folders
`Fonts
`FTP
`Go-Ha
`Hard Disk
`Hardware
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`He-HT
`Icons
`Images
`Indexing
`Ins-Int
`Internet Connection Firewall
`Internet Explorer
`In-Jo
`Keyboard
`Language
`Li-Me
`Menus
`Message Box
`Modems
`Mouse
`My Computer
`My Documents
`My Music
`My Network Places
`My Pictures
`NetMeeting
`Network
`Network Connections
`Ne-OD
`Offline Files
`Ou-Pa
`Passwords
`Pa-Pr
`Printers
`Pr-Ru
`Scheduled Tasks
`Sc-Si
`Software
`Sounds
`Speech
`Start Menu
`Startup
`St-Sy
`System Restore
`Task
`Taskbar
`Taskbar Notification Area
`Tele-Teln
`Temporary Internet Files
`Terminal Server
`Text Cursor
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`The-Thu
`Time
`Ti-To
`Tooltips
`Tr-Us
`Users
`Vid-Vir
`Voice
`Vo-We
`Windows
`Windows Explorer
`Windows Firewall
`Windows Security Center
`Wi...
` Chapter 6. The Command Prompt
`Section 6.1. Using the Command Line
`Section 6.2. Command Prompt Choices
`Section 6.3. Wildcards, Pipes, and Redirection
`Section 6.4. Alphabetical Reference to DOS Commands
`Section 6.5. MS-DOS Batch Files
`Part III: Advanced Topics
` Chapter 7. Networking
`Section 7.1. Networking Terminology
`Section 7.2. General Procedures
` Chapter 8. The Registry
`Section 8.1. What's in the Registry
`Section 8.2. Adding and Deleting Registry Keys and Values
`Section 8.3. Organization of the Registry
`Section 8.4. Hives
`Section 8.5. Backing Up the Registry
`Section 8.6. Exporting and Importing Registry Data with Patches
`Section 8.7. Ten Cool Things You Can Do in Your Registry
` Chapter 9. The Windows Script Host
`Section 9.1. What Is WSH?
`Section 9.2. Additional Resources
`Section 9.3. Executing Scripts
`Section 9.4. Creating a Script
`Section 9.5. VBScript
`Section 9.6. Object Model
`Section 9.7. Wscript Object
`Section 9.8. Shell Object
`Section 9.9. Registry Routines
`Section 9.10. Shortcuts
`Section 9.11. Popup
`Section 9.12. Network Object
`Section 9.13. Network Printer-Related Functions
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`Section 9.14. FileSystem Object
`Section 9.15. TextStream Object
`Section 9.16. Object Browser
`Section 9.17. Database Example
`Section 9.18. Messaging
`Part IV: Appendixes
` Appendix A. Installing Windows XP
`Section A.1. Installation on a New (Clean) System
` Appendix B. Migrating to Windows XP
`Section B.1. Before Upgrading to Windows XP
` Appendix C. Keyboard Shortcuts
`Section C.1. Keyboard Accelerators Listed by Key
`Section C.2. Keyboard Accelerators Listed by Function
` Appendix D. Power Toys and TweakUI
`Section D.1. Inside TweakUI
` Appendix E. Keyboard Equivalents for Symbols and International Characters
` Appendix F. Common Filename Extensions
` Appendix G. Services
` Appendix H. Service Packs
`Section H.1. Before You Install
`Section H.2. Getting Service Packs
`Section H.3. Installing a Service Pack
`Section H.4. Key Features in Service Pack 1
`Section H.5. Key Features in Service Pack 2
`Colophon
`Index
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`Copyright © 2005 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved.
`
`Printed in the United States of America.
`
`Published by O'Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
`
`O'Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions
`are also available for most titles (http://safari.oreilly.com). For more information, contact our
`corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com.
`
`Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O'Reilly logo are registered trademarks of
`O'Reilly Media, Inc. The In a Nutshell series designations, Windows XP in a Nutshell, the image of a
`climbing frog, and related trade dress are trademarks of O'Reilly Media, Inc.
`
`Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed
`as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O'Reilly Media, Inc. was aware of
`a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps.
`
`While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and authors
`assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the
`information contained herein.
`
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`

`

`Preface
`
`Windows XP is the latest product in a long line of operating systems from Microsoft. Although it's
`superficially similar to earlier versions of Windows, there's quite a bit new under the hood, and on the
`surface as well. A consumer-friendly, almost cartoonish interface sits on top of the most complex
`Windows version yet.
`
`A graphical user interface, like the one in Windows XP, is not a substitute for good, thorough
`documentation. Naturally, colorful icons and animated interface elements make the interface more
`inviting and help uninitiated users stumble through the basics of opening programs and printing
`documents. There are only so many hours in the day, though, and spending most of them trying to
`figure out the new networking system, sorting through the thousands of settings in the Registry,
`discovering all of the hidden tools, or even learning to be productive with the new Windows Movie
`Maker, is really not good use of your time.
`
`By taking the undocumented or otherwise hidden features and settings in Windows XP and placing
`them in context with more conspicuous and familiar components, this book provides the complete
`picture necessary to truly understand the operating system and what is involved in completing just
`about any task.
`
`There are many books on Windows XP, but most of them get bogged down with elementary tutorials
`and the scrawniest tasks most of us could perform in our sleep. That's where this book comes in.
`Windows XP in a Nutshell provides a condensed but thorough reference to Windows XP, with an
`organization that helps you get right to the task at hand.
`
`For example, there are literally hundreds of settings and features in Windows XP, scattered
`throughout dozens of dialog boxes. Some are plainly accessible through the Start menu or in the
`Control Panel, while others are hidden under layers of application menus. A few aren't apparent at all
`without knowledge of hidden features. In Chapter 5, all these settings are listed in the same place,
`sorted alphabetically from A to Z. So, instead of wading through menus and flipping through dialogs
`looking for a way to stop Windows from disconnecting your dial-up connection to the Internet (or for
`the setting that affects sounds in web pages), just look in Chapter 5, under "Dialing" and "Sounds,"
`respectively.
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`Considerations and Scope
`
`Our focus is on user applications, however, not on system or network administration. While we give
`you a basic understanding of these deeper levels and what's available, specific installation details and
`detailed configuration information for system and network administrators are largely beyond the
`scope of the book. There are also settings that depend on decisions made by your network
`administrator or Internet Service Provider (ISP), especially with networks systems. Whenever
`possible, we give you the information you need, but there are times when all we can tell you is where
`to go for additional information.
`
`We have tried to speak universal truths about Windows XP, but sometimes we are forced to make
`assumptions about your settings or installed options. Microsoft gives so many configuration options
`that the truth is, for better or worse, that each user's machine represents a slightly different
`installation of Windows XP. Of all the code and data Microsoft ships on the Windows XP CD-ROM, only
`about half is used in any particular user's configuration. What we say about Windows XP may or may
`not be quite true about Windows XP as it's installed on your system.
`
`Folder Options that instructs Windows to open
`For example, there's a setting in Control Panel
`icons with either a double-click or a single-click, according to your preference. While most users tend
`to prefer the double-click option, and double-clicking is the default on most systems, your system
`might be different (it might even be the default, depending on the operating system you had installed
`previously). Although both setups are clearly defined in Chapter 2, some procedures elsewhere in this
`book will instruct you to double-click where you may only need to single-click. This "knowledge gap"
`is an unfortunate consequence of the malleable nature of the Windows operating system.
`
`Consider another oddity in Windows XP: categories in Control Panel. This new addition in Windows XP
`(discussed further in Chapter 2) splits the components of the Control Panel into distinct categories,
`rather than simply listing them alphabetically, as in previous versions of Windows. What's more, the
`Control Panel can be accessed in any of three different ways (as a menu in the Start menu, as a
`standalone folder window, or as an entry in the folder tree in Windows Explorer), and the category
`interface (which can be disabled completely, if desired) is used only in some cases. This means that
`it's difficult (and laborious) to predict when you'll need to open the "Appearance and Themes"
`category before you can get to the Display Properties dialog. We've compensated for this
`ambivalence by enclosing the category name in "maybe" brackets, like this: Control Panel
`[Appearance and Themes]
`Display Properties.
`
`Also, for all the statements (from Microsoft and others) that Windows XP is "integrated" and
`"seamless," the fact is that the system is actually amazingly modular, customizable, and "seamy."
`This is a good thing. This book shows a lot of different ways to modify Windows XP to suit your
`needs, a theme that is expanded further in the Windows XP Annoyances for Geeks (O'Reilly), also by
`David A. Karp. This almost infinite customizability and modularity of Windows XP means that many of
`our statements about the productsuch as saying that the My Computer window has an icon for
`Control Panel, or that the Desktop corresponds to the \Documents and
`Settings\Administrator\Desktop folder, or that Windows XP is faster than Windows Memay, strictly
`speaking, be false, or at least serious oversimplifications.
`
`Basically, Windows XP is a platform and set of capabilities, not a single stable product with a fixed set
`
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`of features. In this book, we give you the information you need to tap into all of Windows XP's
`capabilities, not just those that are showcased on Microsoft's web site or the Windows Desktop.
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`dragging them around, although you may not get any visual feedback until you let go. To hide a
`toolbar, try right-clicking on it, or just drag it (if it's docked) so that it floats and then click the close
`button in the toolbar's titlebar.
`
`A quick way to customize the buttons on toolbars is to hold the Alt key while
`dragging or right-clicking (to move a button or changes its properties,
`respectively). Pressing the Alt key puts the toolbar into "edit" mode
`temporarily; in fact, you can even drag buttons from one toolbar to another
`with this method. Note that Taskbar toolbars (see below) are always in edit
`mode, so the Alt key is not needed.
`
`Toolbars on the Taskbar
`
`In addition to the Desktop and Start menu, shortcuts to frequently used programs can also be placed
`in configurable toolbars that are either docked on the Taskbar (discussed earlier in this chapter) or
`are allowed to float.
`
`By default, there are four Taskbar toolbars. Right-click an empty area of the Taskbar and select
`Toolbars to show or hide any of them. The four toolbars are as follows:
`
`Address
`
`The Address Bar on the Taskbar is the same as the one in Windows Explorer and Internet
`Explorer and works very much like Start
`Run. See "Address Bar", earlier in this chapter,
`for details.
`
`Links
`
`The Links toolbar is designed to hold your favorite Favorites or, more specifically, links
`(Internet shortcuts) to your favorite web sites. This is the same toolbar as the Links toolbar in
`Internet Explorer (see "Internet Explorer" in Chapter 4). Shortcuts displayed on this toolbar are
`stored in \Documents and Settings\{username}\Favorites\Links.
`
`Quick Launch
`
`The Quick Launch toolbar works very much like the Programs menu in the Start menu: it
`shows any number of shortcuts to your most frequently used programs.
`
`The Quick Launch toolbar, as well as any other custom toolbars you create (except Desktop,
`discussed below) are mirrors of folders on your hard disk. For example, the contents of the
`Quick Launch toolbar are stored in \Documents and Settings\{username}\Application
`Data\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Quick Launch. You can get there quickly by right-clicking on
`an empty portion of the Quick Launch toolbar and selecting Open Folder (see below for other
`items on this menu).
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`One of the niftiest icons on the Quick Launch Toolbar is the Show Desktop
`icon:
`. Don't delete this oneit's not a shortcut, but rather a Windows
`Explorer Command (.scf) file. It has the same effect as right-clicking on
`the Taskbar and selecting Show Desktop (see "Taskbar", earlier in this
`chapter, for details); it pops the Desktop on top of all other windows,
`allowing access to Desktop icons without having to minimize anything. I
`find this icon far superior to displaying the Desktop Toolbar.
`
`You can create your own custom toolbars by right-clicking on the Taskbar and selecting
`Toolbars
`New Toolbar. Simply specify an existing folder whose contents you want made
`into a toolbar (such as Control Panel, Dial-Up Networking, or one of the folders in your Start
`menu), or click Make New Folder if you want to start with a blank toolbar.
`
`One of the limitations of custom toolbars is that if they're ever closed, Windows won't display
`them on the list of available toolbars, as with the preconfigured toolbars discussed here. If you
`ever close a custom toolbar, you'll have to start over and go through the New Toolbar process
`to get it back (though all your shortcuts will still be there). For a more sophisticated toolbar
`launcher, go to http://www.creativelement.com/software/route1.html
`
`Desktop
`
`The Desktop Toolbar was intended as a handy way to get at the contents of your Desktop when
`it's covered with open windows. It's really just another custom toolbar (like Quick Launch,
`discussed above), except that it mirrors the contents of your Desktop folder. Of course, if you
`have a lot of things on your Desktop, this toolbar can itself get pretty unwieldy, so I don't find
`it too useful. Your mileage may vary. You'll probably prefer to just use Show Desktop (either
`the button in the Quick Launch toolbar or the entry on the Taskbar's context menu) for quick
`access to items on your Desktop.
`
`Once a toolbar is enabled, you can right-click on an empty portion to display a context menu with
`several options. (Right-clicking one of the toolbar buttons is the same as right-clicking the
`corresponding shortcut in Explorer.) In addition to the standard entries on the Taskbar context menu
`(see "Taskbar", earlier in this chapter), you'll find the following:
`
`View
`
`Large Icons, View
`
`Small Icons
`
`Allows you to display either large (32 32) or small (16 16) icons. Neither choice is perfect;
`small icons can be very difficult to see and distinguish and large icons take up too much space
`and offer little advantage over Desktop icons. Choose whichever icons best suit your needs.
`
`Open Folder
`
`Opens the folder to which the toolbar is linked. When customizing a toolbar, it's often easier to
`deal with the actual shortcuts in a real folder than it is to mess with the buttons on the Toolbar.
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`Show Text
`
`Displays a text label next to each icon. This is useful if you have a toolbar containing icons of
`the same type, and if you've got room on your Taskbar to spare. It's the default setting for the
`Links toolbar, but not for the Quick Launch toolbar.
`
`Show Title
`
`Shows the name of the toolbar when it is docked on the Taskbar; this option has no effect
`when the toolbar is floating. It's really a waste of space for the standard toolbars, but perhaps
`it is useful if you set up a lot of custom toolbars. The title can also be used as a handle.
`
`Close Toolbar
`
`Closes the Toolbar. You can also drag the toolbar off the Taskbar and then click the close
`button to get rid of it. As stated above, closed custom toolbars do not remain on the Toolbars
`list.
`
`Notes
`
`Taskbar toolbars can be docked on the Taskbar simply by dragging them there. You can also
`dock these toolbars along the sides or top of your Desktop, regardless of the position of the
`Taskbar.
`
`If a Taskbar toolbar doesn't seem to allow dragging or resizing, right-click on an empty portion
`of the Taskbar and turn off the " Lock the Taskbar" option.
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