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`— without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt 9’ that report (Rule 48.2(g))
`
`Published:
`
`w 0 2014/078676 A2|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
`
`2
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`CHANNEL EVACUATION PROCEDURES FOR WIRELESS NETWORKS
`
`DEPLOYED IN DYNAMIC SHARED SPECTRUM
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
`
`[0001]
`
`This application claims the benefit of US. Provisional Patent Application No.
`
`61/726,871 filed November 15, 2012, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference
`
`herein.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`  
` 

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`
`[0002]
`
`When a wireless system operates in a secondary fashion in dynamic shared
`
`spectrum (DSS), it may allow usage of the spectrum to a system which has a higher usage
`
`priority for the spectrum. Such higher priority systems may include primary users (PU) in
`
`Television White Space (TVWS), or Licensed Shared Access (LSA) incumbents in case of the
`
`spectrum under the LSA regime.
`
`[0003]
`
`To operate in DSS such as TVWS, the devices (e.g., complying with regulatory
`
`requirements) may benefit by gaining access to free channels.
`
`In major cities that have limited
`
`or no TVWS channels available, sensing only operation may become essential as a means to gain
`
`access to more channels. Below roof line deployments, for example, may benefit from the
`
`isolation brought by the urban landscape from the digital TV (DTV) transmitters. Further,
`
`indoor deployments may benefit from the indoor penetration loss.
`
`In this context, sensing only
`
`operation may comply with specific requirements on Spectrum Sensing allowing a small cell
`
`network to make use of a PU-assigned channel. The PU-Assigned channel (e.g., assigned to a
`
`primary user) may require a secondary user (SU) to leave the channel, if the primary user is
`
`detected. Similarly, the LSA regime may ensure the protection of the LSA incumbent to
`
`interference from the LSA licensee, as well as a guarantee that the LSA incumbent has
`
`prioritized access to the spectrum that the incumbent owns and sublicenses. The connected
`
`_;_
`
`3
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`mode mechanisms may be needed to provide support for PU detection, reporting and/or channel
`
`evacuation, e.g., when a system operates on DSS spectrum in a secondary fashion.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`[0004]
`
`Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for channel evacuation of a
`
`shared spectrum channel. In shared spectrum, a secondary user system may use spectrum. The
`
`spectrum may be utilized and/or controlled by an incumbent system. A secondary user base
`
`station may provide one or more secondary user wireless transmit receive unit (WTRUs) access
`
`to a shared spectrum channel. The secondary user base station may include, but not limited to, a
`
`licensed shared access (LSA) licensee base station, a TVWS base station, a dynamic shared
`
`spectrum access point and/or the like.) The secondary user base station may receive an
`
`evacuation message indicating a need for the secondary user base station and WTRUs to
`
`evacuate the shared spectrum channel. The evacuation message may include an alternate
`
`channel for use by the secondary user WTRUs. The evacuation message may include a system
`
`evacuation message. The secondary user base station may receive the evacuation message from
`
`a database entity or a broker entity. The secondary user base station may check the status of a
`
`shared spectrum channel with a database or a broker to determine the need to evacuate the shared
`
`   
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`spectrum channel. The secondary user may receive an evacuation message in response to the
`
`shared spectrum channel status check.
`
`[0005]
`
`The secondary user base station may receive the evacuation message from a
`
`management entity, e. g., based on a pre-determined channel evacuation time. The pre-
`
`determined channel evacuation time may be based on an agreement between an incumbent
`
`system operator and a secondary user operator. The allowable use of the channel by the
`
`secondary system may be periodic. The evacuation time may re-occur one or more times. The
`
`pre-determined evacuation time may be based on an allowed time for the use of the shared
`
`spectrum channel by the secondary user WTRUs. The shared spectrum channel may be an LSA
`
`channel .
`
`[0006]
`
`The secondary user base station may coordinate channel evacuation of the shared
`
`spectrum channel in response to the evacuation message. The secondary user base station may
`
`send an evacuation complete message to an incumbent user (e.g., an incumbent base station).
`
`The incumbent user may be the primary user (PU). The evacuation complete message may
`
`indicate to the incumbent user that the evacuation of the shared spectrum channel has been
`
`completed. The system evacuation message may comprise an X2 message received via an X2
`
`interface. The secondary user base station may select a target cell, e.g., based on at least one of
`
`_2_
`
`4
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`an event notification, a secondary user WTRU measurement report, or an neighbor relational
`
`table (NRT) entry. The secondary user base station may send a handover request to the target
`
`cell.
`
`[0007]
`
`The secondary user base station may send a measurement event configuration to
`
`public land mobile network identifier (PLMN ID) or a request for performing a PLMN search on
`
`the shared spectrum channel based on the PLMN ID. The PLMN ID to be search may be
`
`associated with an incumbent user. The secondary user WTRU’s may be asked to trigger an
`
`event notification to the secondary user base station, e.g., when the PLMN ID is detected
`
`following configuration of the measurement event. An evacuation message may be received in
`
`response to the notification.
`
`.
`
`the secondary user WTRUs. The measurement event configuration may include at least one of a
`
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`[0008]
`
`A secondary user WTRU may detect an incumbent user (e.g., operating on the
`
`shared spectrum channel). The secondary user WTRU may receive an incumbent detection
`
`measurement configuration. The incumbent detection measurement configuration may include
`
`an incumbent cell identifier (ID) (e.g., one or more of a physical cell identifier (PCI) or a PLMN
`
`ID) associated with the incumbent user.
`
`[0009]
`
`The secondary user WTRU may detect whether an incumbent user is present on a
`
`shared spectrum channel, e.g., based on the incumbent detection measurement configuration.
`
`The secondary user WTRU may send a detection message upon detection of the incumbent user.
`
`The detection message may be sent via an uplink incumbent user detection media access control
`
`(MAC) control element (CE) or via a radio resource control (RRC) message. The detection
`
`message may include an event notification. The event notification may indicate the presence of
`
`the incumbent user. The secondary user WTRU may receive an evacuation message from the
`
`secondary user base station in response to the detection message.
`
`[0010]
`
`The secondary user WTRU may receive a reconfiguration message in response to
`
`the detection message. The reconfiguration message may include an identification of a target
`
`cell. The secondary user WTRU may update its radio resource configuration based on the
`
`received reconfiguration message. The secondary user WTRU may send a reconfiguration
`
`complete message to the target cell.
`
`[0011] The secondary user WTRU may start a timer with a value upon the detection of the
`
`incumbent user. The value of the timer may be assigned in such a way to stagger the connection
`
`request. The secondary user WTRU may send a connection request to a target cell upon an
`
`expiry of the timer.
`
`5
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`[0012]
`
`The secondary user WTRU may start a timer with a value upon the detection of
`
`the incumbent user. The secondary user WTRU may stop the timer, e.g., upon a condition that a
`
`handover command or a release command is received before an expiry of the timer. The
`
`secondary user WTRU may attempt to establish a connection based on the handover command or
`
`the release command. Different timer values may be used to stagger the re-establishment
`
`attempts for the secondary user WTRUs.
`
`[0013]
`
`The secondary user WTRU may receive a connection release message (e.g., via a
`
`downlink MAC CE) in response to the evacuation message. The connection release message
`
`may indicate the presence of the incumbent user as a release cause.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`[0014]
`
`FIG. 1A is a system diagram of an example communications system in which one
`
`or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
`
`[0015]
`
`FIG. 1B is a system diagram of an example wireless transmit/receive unit
`
`(WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A.
`
`[0016]
`
`FIG. 1C is a system diagram of an example radio access network and an example
`
`core network that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A.
`
`[0017]
`
`FIG. 1D is a system diagram of another example radio access network and
`
`another example core network that may be used within the communications system illustrated in
`
`FIG. 1A.
`
`[0018]
`
`FIG. IE is a system diagram of another example radio access network and another
`
`
`

     
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`example core network that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG.
`1A.
`
`[0019]
`
`FIG 1F illustrates an example of an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
`
`Network (E-UTRAN) architecture.
`
`[0020]
`
`[0021]
`
`FIG. 1G illustrates an example of system information acquisition.
`
`FIG. 1H illustrates an example of an intra mobile management entity (MME)
`
`and/or serving gateway(S-GW) handover (H0).
`
`[0022]
`
`FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a successful radio resource control (RRC)
`
`connection re-establishment.
`
`[0023]
`
`[0024]
`
`[0025]
`
`diagram.
`
`FIG. lJ illustrates an example of rejection of RRC connection re-establishment.
`
`FIG. 1K illustrates an example of an RC connection release.
`
`FIG. 1L illustrates an example of automatic neighbor relation (ANR) block
`
`_ 4 _
`
`6
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`[0026]
`
`FIG. 1M illustrates an example of utilization of the automatic neighbor relation
`
`(ANR) function.
`
`[0027]
`
`[0028]
`
`FIG. 1N illustrates an example of the TV band spectrum usage.
`
`FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an architecture that may be used for evacuation at
`
`a known time instant.
`
`[0029]
`
`FIG. 3 illustrates an example of system evacuation, e.g., signaled by a licensed
`
`shared access (LSA) incumbent.
`
`[0030]
`
`FIG. 4 illustrates an example of system evacuation, e.g., using synchronization
`
`channel (SCH)/ reference signal (RS) transmission.
`
`[0031]
`
`FIG. 5 illustrates an example of system evacuation, e.g., using a modified random
`
`access channel (RACH) procedure.
`
`[0032]
`
`FIG. 6 illustrates an example of system evacuation, e.g., triggered by an active
`
`database or broker.
`
`[0033]
`
`FIG. 7 illustrates an example of system evacuation, e.g., triggered by a passive
`
`database or broker.
`
`[0034]
`
`(IE).
`
`[0035]
`
`FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a frequency information information element
`
`FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an uplink primary user (UL PU) detection
`
`medium access control (MAC) control element (CE).
`
`
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`reporting the presence of the incumbent user, and receiving an evacuation message.
`
`[0036]
`
`SIB2.
`
`[0037]
`
`[0038]
`
`(H0).
`
`[0039]
`
`FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a modified system information block (SIB), e.g.,
`
`FIG.
`
`1 1 illustrates an example of a RACH-based PU detection.
`
`FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a WTRU channel evacuation via handover
`
`FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a WTRU channel evacuation via RRC
`
`connection re-establishment following HO failure.
`
`[0040]
`
`release.
`
`[0041]
`cause.
`
`[0042]
`
`[0043]
`
`FIG. 14 illustrates an example of WTRU channel evacuation via RRC connection
`
`FIG. 15 illustrates an example of an information element indicating a release
`
`FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a shared spectrum channel evacuation.
`
`FIG. 17 illustrates an example of detecting the presence of an incumbent user,
`
`7
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`    
`
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`wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to
`
`[0044]
`
`A detailed description of illustrative embodiments will now be described with
`
`reference to the various figures. Although this description provides a detailed example of
`
`possible implementations, it should be noted that the details are intended to be exemplary and in
`
`no way limit the scope of the application.
`
`In addition, the figures may illustrate flow charts,
`
`which are meant to be exemplary. Other embodiments may be used. The order of the messages
`
`may be varied where appropriate. Messages may be omitted if not needed, and, additional flows
`
`may be added.
`
`[0045]
`
`FIG. 1A is a diagram of an example communications system 100 in which one or
`
`more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communications system 100 may be a
`
`multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast,
`
`etc., to multiple wireless users. The communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless
`
`users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless
`
`bandwidth. For example, the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel
`
`access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access
`
`(TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-
`
`carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), and the like.
`
`[0046]
`
`As shown in FIG. 1A, the communications system 100 may include wireless
`
`transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, and/or 102d (which generally or collectively
`
`may be referred to as WTRU 102), a radio access network (RAN) 103/ 104/105, a core network
`
`106/ 107/ 109, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other
`
`networks 112, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any
`
`number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and/or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a,
`
`102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a
`
`wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be
`
`configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), a
`
`mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital
`
`assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor,
`
`consumer electronics, and the like.
`
`[0047]
`
`The communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a and a base
`
`station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to
`
`one or more communication networks, such as the core network 106/ 107/109, the Internet 110,
`
`~6—
`
`8
`
`

`

`WO 2014/078676
`
`PCT/U82013/070338
`
`and/or the networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base
`
`transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B, an eNode B, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a site
`
`controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a,
`
`114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a,
`
`114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
`
`[0048]
`
`The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 103/ 104/ 105, which may also
`
`include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller
`
`    
`

  




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