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`How to correctly size a pool pump for your swimming pool
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`It is important to carefully evaluate your pools needs before deciding on a replacement pump.
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`This is because pumps are a lot more efficient than they used to be and you run the risk of oversizing the pump if you
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`simply go by horsepower ratings.
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`To assist you in your pump selection, we have included a brief synopsis of each type of pump along with a comparison
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`chart on the bottom of the page. We have also included ratings on each pump.
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`HOW DO I CHOOSE THE RIGHT PUMP?
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`the builders are notorious for putting 2 horsepower pumps on everything because the next guy does. Nobody wants to
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`lose a sale because they sized the pump smaller.
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`Properly sizing the pump involves several steps as described below. If you do this, you will avoid wasting electricity
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`and extra wear on the other equipment.
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`STEP 1: DETERMINE THE MINIMUM FLOW RATE.
`Chemical
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`This factor calculates the minimum flow rate that must be maintained in order to circulate all the water in the pool
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`through the filter within a certain number of hours, otherwise known as the "turnover time".
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`A good turnover time for a home pool is usually 8-10 hours. A heavily used pool will need to have a shorter turnover
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`rate. Once you know the desired turnover rate, you can determine your desired flow rate.
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`Use the following equation to determine the desired flow rate:
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`Pool Size - number of gallons of water in the pool.
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`Turnover Time - time to move entire capacity of pool through filter.
`Inflatables
`Replacement
`Step # 1 -
`DE Filters
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`Flow Rate - desired flow rate in gallons per minute.
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`Step # 2 -
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`Pool Size (US Gallons)
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`35,000
`8 Hours
`73 GPM
`Pool Cover Clips
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`Grids
`Skimmer
`Algae Killers
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`Aroma
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`35,000
`10 Hours
`58 GPM
`Drains
`Therapy
`Metal, Scale &
`Pool
`Skimmer Lids
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`Maintenance
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`8 Hours
`24,000
`50 GPM
`Main Drain
`& Cleaning
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`10 Hours
`24,000
`40 GPM
`Cover Reels
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`O-ring and
`Equipment
`Chemical
`& Fountains
`Gasket Kits
`Cleaning
`Feeders
`8 Hours
`18,000
`38 GPM
`Residential
`Chemicals
`Exercise &
`Sundance Genuine
`NEW Spas & Hot
`Jacuzzi Genuine
`Other Spa Brand
`Pump O-Ring
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`Tubs
`Parts
`Parts
`Parts
`Kits
`Test Kits
`10 Hours
`18,000
`30 GPM
`
`Pool Art
`Flowmeters
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`Test Kits
`The following chart is another way to help calculate the desired
`Kits
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`Flowmeters
`flow rate.
`Test Strips
`Surfer Boards
`Backwash Valve
`Parts
`If you have a 25,000 gallon pool and want a turnover rate of 8
`Refill Reagents
`Cleaners
`Pumps
`Filters
`Heaters
`Pool Chemicals
`O-Ring Kits
`Diving Boards
`hours, then you will need a pump with a flow rate of 52 gallons
`Thermometers
`Salt Pool
`per minute/
`Chlorinator O-
`Complete
`Chemicals
`Ring Kits
`Test Kits
`If you have a 35,000 gallon pool and want a turnover rate of 10
`Boards
`Mineral
`Backwash Valve
`Test Kits
`hours, you will need a pump with a flow rate of 56 gallons per
`Sanitizers/Nature2
`Stands
`O-Ring Kits
`minute.
`Test Strips
`Closing & Start-
`Replacement
`For this situation, we will use a 24,000 gallon pool with a
`Refill Reagents
`Up Kits
`Cells for Salt
`turnover time of 8 hours, giving us a MINIMUM FLOW RATE of 50
`Chlorinators
`Lubricants
`Accessories
`gallons/minute.
`Timer & Freeze-
`Filter Cleaners
`Chemical
`guard
`Feeders /
`
`Spa Filters
`
`Parts
`
`
`
`STEP 2: DETERMINE THE MAXIMUM FLOW RATE.
`
`Chlorinators
`Service Tools
`Pool
`Pumps
`Stain Removers
`Inline Chemical
`Residential
`Feeders
`The flow rate through any given pool system is limited by the size of the piping and the equipment. This determines
`Hoses
`the maximum flow rate through the system.
`Pumps
`Off-line
`Backwash/Discharge
`Chemical
`The first thing to check is the pool system plumbing. For instance, the maximum flow rate through a 1.5 inch PVC pipe
`Fountain &
`Hoses
`Feeders
`is 44 Gallons per minute. Even if you have a pump that can move 100 gallons per minute, it will do very little good if
`Water Features
`Vacuum Hoses
`the piping will only allow 44 gallons per minute through it. An oversized pump will actually strain against the piping
`Floating
`Pool Cleaner
`and can be damaged in the process.
`Chlorinators
`Parts
`Booster Pumps
`Mineral/Nature2
`CHECK THE PLUMBING FLOW RATE
`Spa Wands
`Complete Parts
`Systems
`List
`As a general rule, the velocity of the water through the pipe should
`Parts
`Commercial
`not exceed 7 feet per second. The chart below shows the maximum
`flow through different sizes of pipe.
`Pumps
`Count the intake lines and you will see what the maximum flow into
`Complete Parts
`the pump will be.
`List
`For each 2.0 inch intake line, the maximum flow into the pump will be
`Pond
`73 gallons per minute (GPM).
`Pumps
`For each 1.5 inch intake line, the maximum flow into the pump will be
`Complete Parts
`42 gallons per minute (GPM).
`List
`Make sure the the lines going back to the pool will also support the same level of flow.
`Pump Motors
`
`Pool
`
`Cleaners
`In the diagram to the right, the system is plumbed in 2.0 inch pipe.
`Booster Pump
`Since the system can be run in either spa or pool mode, you have to
`Cleaners
`calculate the flow rate each way.
`Cleaners
`Spa Mode - 73 GPM (One 2.0" pipe)
`Parts
`Pool Mode - 146 GPM (Two 2.0" pipes)
`Pressure
`Cleaners
`The maximum flow is the lower of the two, which would mean a
`Cleaners
`MAXIMUM PLUMBING FLOW RATE of 73 gallons per minute (GPM).
`Parts
`
`Suction
`CHECK THE FILTER FLOW RATE
`Cleaners
`Cleaners
`Another limiting factor is the pool filter. Each filter has a maximum flow rate. If you exceed that maximum flow rate,
`the filter will not operate properly and can be damaged as a result.
`Parts
`Robotic
`Cleaners
`Cleaners
`Recommended flow rates for different sizes of SAND FILTERS
`Commercial
`Tank Diameter
`Parts
`Surface Area
`Pool Cleaner
`Bags
`
`24 "
`
`30 "
`
`36 "
`
`6.9 Sq. ft.
`
`THE PROPER FILTER FLOW RATES ARE AS FOLLOWS:
`
`19 "
`
`21 "
`
`1.8 Sq. ft.
`
`2.3 Sq. ft.
`
`3.1 Sq. ft.
`
`4.9 Sq. ft.
`
`
`
`Max Flow Rate
`
`
`40 GPM
`
`50 GPM
`
`60 GPM
`
`100 GPM
`
`140 GPM
`
`
`
`Recommended flow rates for different sizes of D.E FILTERS
`
`Surface Area
`Cleaners
`Max Flow Rate
`
`24 Sq. ft.
`Pumps
`48 GPM
`
`Best Flow Rate
`
`36 GPM
`
`36 Sq. ft.
`Filters
`72 GPM
`
`54 GPM
`
`48 Sq. ft.
`Heaters
`96 GPM
`
`72 GPM
`
`60 Sq. ft.
`Pool Chemicals
`120 GPM
`
`90 GPM
`
`72 Sq. ft.
`Parts
`144 GPM
`
`108 GPM
`
`Recommended flow rates for different sizes of CARTRIDGE FILTERS
`
`Surface Area
`
`100 Sq. ft.
`
`200 Sq. ft.
`
`300 Sq. ft.
`
`400 Sq. ft.
`
`500 Sq. ft.
`
`Max Flow Rate
`
`Best Flow Rate
`
`38 GPM
`
`30 GPM
`
`75 GPM
`
`50 GPM
`
`112 GPM
`
`75 GPM
`
`150 GPM
`
`100 GPM
`
`150 GPM
`
`125 GPM
`
`In this particular system, if you have a 48 square foot DE filter (see yellow highlighted area above), your MAXIMUM
`FILTER FLOW RATE would be 96 gallons per minute. In a perfect world, we would try to keep the flow rate down near
`72 gallons per minute, but for now we are dealing with the maximum flow rate.
`Maximum plumbing flow rate - 73 Gallons per minute.
`Maximum filter flow rate - 96 Gallons per minute.
`The overall MAXIMUM FLOW RATE is the the lesser of the two - 73 gallons per minute.
`STEP 3: CHOOSE AN IDEAL FLOW RATING FOR YOUR NEW PUMP.
`After you have calculated the MINIMUM FLOW RATING required to meet the turnover requirements of the pool, and
`after you have calculated the MAXIMUM FLOW RATING based on the limitations of the filter and piping, you are ready
`to select the proper size pump.
`Draw a simple chart like the one below. Mark the MINIMUM FLOW RATING and the MAXIMUM FLOW RATING. The space
`between the minimum and maximum flow rate is the ideal range.
`If you have a pool with no attached spa, you can choose a pump on the lower side of the ideal range. It will be
`sufficient to properly filter the pool without wasting energy in the process. In that case, we would look for a pump in
`the 50 - 60 GPM range.
`If you have a pool/spa combination, you need to consider the flow requirements of the spa jets. This will often push
`you towards a pump on the higher end of the acceptable scale. In that case, we would look for a pump in the 75 GPM
`range.
`If you have a pool/spa combination, you might want to consider a 2 speed pump. It can run on low speed while it
`filters the pool, and then switch to high speed when using the spa.
`
`
`
`STEP 4: LOOK AT THE POOL PUMP RATINGS TO FIND THE RIGHT PUMP
`
`Once you have decided to buy a new pump, take
`some time to research your options..
`Don't just assume that you need the same
`horsepower pump as you now have.
`The sample pump chart on the right shows the pump
`curves for different sized pumps.
`Suppose your system has 60 feet of head and you
`want a pump that will deliver 50 gallons per
`minute.
`We have added a yellow line denoting 60 ft of head,
`and a blue line denoting 50 GPM. Find where the
`two lines cross and you will see the pump that will
`deliver the desired rate of flow.
`From this chart, you can see that a 1 horsepower pump (the green curve) will give you 52 GPM flow on a system with
`64 feet of head.
`We have tried to give you the flow information on each pump so that once you come up with a rate of flow, you can
`come up with the proper pump, the first time.
`Note: Figuring out feet of head (below) is difficult. Typically a in-ground pool will have 50-60 feet of head pressure
`and an above ground pool will be somewhere around 30 feet of head. These are only approximations.
`
`WHAT ABOUT 'FEET OF HEAD' ? WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
`
`The total resistance to flow is measured in "feet of head". As you can tell from looking at the pump charts, the greater
`the resistance to flow (expressed in feet of head), the lower the flow rate. The greater the resistance to flow, the
`more powerful the pump needs to be to overcome it.
`The resistance is measured in "feet of head". The best way is to approximate the resistance is as follows:
`1. Measure the vacuum pressure at the pump and multiply by 1.13. - A reading of 12 inches mercury times 1.13
`equals 13.5 feet of head.
`2. Measure the clean filter pressure and multiply by 2.31. - A reading of 22 times 2.31 equals 51 feet of head.
`
`
`
`3. Add the two together to get total friction loss in feet of
`head. - A reading of 13.5 plus 51 equals roughly 64 feet of
`head.
`
`STILL NOT SURE WHAT SIZE PUMP YOU NEED? YOU CAN REQUEST A
`PUMP SIZE RECOMMENDATION SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUR POOL
`
`START SHOPPING FOR YOUR NEW POOL PUMP.
`
`CONTACT US
`Toll Free: 1-888-202-
`0224
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