United States Patent [19J
`Ho et al.
`
`[54] COMPUTER MOUSE FOR SCROLLING A
`VIEW OF AN IMAGE
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Heng-Chin Ho; Ming-Cheng Yang;
`Chih-Hsiung Wu, all of Taipei Hsien,
`Taiwan
`
`[73] Assignee: Primax Electronics Ltd., Taiwan
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 748,164
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Nov. 12, 1996
`
`Int. Cl.6
`[51]
`....................................................... G09G 5/08
`[52] U.S. Cl. .......................... 345/163; 345/156; 345/157;
`345/158; 345/123
`[58] Field of Search ..................................... 345/123, 157,
`345/159, 160, 163, 164-168, 156, 973,
`341, 321
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,602,251
`4,654,647
`5,512,920
`
`7/1986 Sawada eta!. ......................... 345/123
`3/1987 Wedam ................................... 345/160
`4/1996 Gibson .................................... 345/163
`
`111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US005883619A
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`5,883,619
`Mar. 16, 1999
`
`5,530,455
`
`6/1996 Gillick et a!. ........................... 345/163
`
`Primary Examiner-Jeffery A Hofsass
`Assistant Examiner-Julie B. Lieu
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Winston Hsu
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A view control system for controlling the display of a view
`within an image over a computer monitor is disclosed. The
`system comprises a computer for displaying the view over
`the monitor and for scrolling the view within the image
`according to scrolling signals so that various portions of the
`image can be seen through the view, a computer mouse
`electrically connected to the computer through a flexible
`cable for controlling movements of a cursor displayed over
`the monitor, a view control button installed over the mouse
`for sensing a direction of a finger input and generating
`scrolling signals according to the sensed direction of the
`finger input and the length of time of each input to control
`the scrolling of the view within the image, and a
`bi-directional button installed over the mouse for generating
`a zooming signal within the scrolling signal for zooming in
`or out of the view within the image.
`
`12 Claims, 2 Drawing Sheets
`
`30 --l OPTIC ENCODER I-
`32 --l OPTIC ENCODER ~
`14 --1 LEFT BUTTON r ~ -
`16 --l RIGHT BUTTON ~
`CONTROL
`UNIT
`-- BI-DIRECTIONAL 1-
`Ja
`--- VIEW CONTROL ~
`
`18
`
`24
`
`BUTTON
`
`BUTTON
`
`-
`
`f--
`
`INTERFACE
`CIRCUIT
`
`r--
`
`3~
`
`(
`10
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 1
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 16, 1999
`
`Sheet 1 of 2
`
`5,883,619
`
`24
`
`16
`
`1
`~
`
`,--10
`
`12
`
`26
`1t
`1~
`
`20
`
`18 22
`FIG. 1
`40
`~
`
`42
`(
`
`46
`
`48
`
`-
`
`DRIVER
`PROGRAM
`(
`-\
`50
`
`10
`(
`
`l MOUSE
`
`(
`
`46
`
`X
`
`v Ly
`
`6
`v---5
`_ /
`.....--
`-5
`8
`~
`4
`4
`_____/'
`
`I
`
`\
`
`60 54
`
`WINDOW
`SOFTWARE
`(
`\
`52
`FIG. 3
`24 64
`~
`
`66
`
`66 62
`
`FIG. 4
`
`66
`72
`FIG. 5
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 2
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 16, 1999
`
`Sheet 2 of 2
`
`5,883,619
`
`------H OPTIC ENCODER I-
`30
`------H OPTIC ENCODER ~
`32
`------i LEFT BUTTON I
`14
`CONTROL -
`------~ RIGHT BUTTON ~
`16
`UNIT
`Ja
`
`'--
`'--
`
`r-
`
`.,--f- BI-DIRECTIONAL ~
`18
`BUTTON
`
`24
`------
`
`VIEW CONTROL f--
`BUTTON
`
`FIG. 2
`
`(
`10
`
`80
`(
`\
`
`INTERFACE -
`CIRCUIT
`~6
`
`86
`(
`
`\
`
`,r----- 88
`
`1--
`f-
`
`,..-
`
`'--
`
`:.--...... 82
`
`r- _L I
`
`84 ------
`FIG. 6
`
`FIG. 7
`
`92
`
`FIG. 8
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 3
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`1
`COMPUTER MOUSE FOR SCROLLING A
`VIEW OF AN IMAGE
`
`5,883,619
`
`2
`wherein the pomtmg device generates two dimensional
`scrolling signals according to the sensed direction of each
`finger input and wherein the view of the image is scrolled by
`the computer according to the scrolling signals received
`from the pointing device. The view control means comprises
`a sensor for sensing a two dimensional direction of the finger
`input and the pointing device comprises a control unit
`connected to the sensor for generating the two dimensional
`scrolling signals accordingly. The view control means fur-
`10 ther comprises a bi-directional button connected to the
`control unit for generating a zooming signal wherein the
`content of the view within the image is zoomed in or zoomed
`out by the computer upon receiving the zooming signal from
`the view control means.
`It is an advantage of the present invention that the view
`control means of the view control system allows two dimen(cid:173)
`sional view scrolling when scrolling a view of an image
`displayed over the monitor.
`It is another advantage of the present invention that the
`20 view control means of the view control system provides a
`bi-directional button for zooming the view of an image.
`These and other objects and the advantages of the present
`invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary
`skill in the art after having read the following detailed
`25 description of the preferred embodiment which is illustrated
`in the various figures and drawings.
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to a computer pomtmg
`device, and more particularly, to a computer mouse for
`scrolling a view of an image displayed over a computer
`monitor.
`2. Description of the Prior Art
`Window-based application interface has been commonly
`accepted by most computer users in today's computer world.
`When a window-based application displays an image over a
`computer monitor by using a window program, if the image
`is too big and can not be fit into a window which is displayed
`over the monitor by the window program, only a portion of
`the image will be displayed over the window and the
`window program will generate one or two scrolling bars
`over its right side or bottom side of the window for scrolling
`of the image within the window. The portion of the image
`displayed over the window is called a view and the scrolling
`bars are used to scroll the view of the image so that various
`portions of the image can be seen through the window.
`U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,455, invented by Gillick et al, dis(cid:173)
`closed a computer mouse having a roller for scrolling the
`view of image over a computer monitor. The up and down
`scrolling of the view is controlled by rolling the roller
`forward or backward, and the lateral scrolling of the view is
`controlled by using both the roller and a shift key. The speed 30
`and amount of the scrolling of the view is in proportion to
`the speed and amount of roller's rotation. Several drawbacks
`have been discovered in using the roller of the mouse to
`control the view scrolling. First, frequent rolling of the roller
`may easily cause a soar finger if a task requires frequent 35
`rolling of the view. Second, when two dimensional view
`scrolling is required, a user has to constantly change the
`scrolling direction of the view which is quite inconvenient to
`a user. Third, both the up and down scrolling and the lateral
`scrolling are controlled by rolling the roller in forward and 40
`backward directions. If constant change is needed between
`the up and down scrolling and the lateral scrolling, a user has
`to constantly adapt himself for different control modes
`because the same forward or backward rolling of the roller
`will generate different scrolling action of the view which is 45
`quite difficult to a user.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a computer mouse
`according to the present invention.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the computer mouse shown
`in FIG. 1.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a view control system
`according to the present invention.
`FIG. 4 is a sectional view 1-1 of the view control button
`shown in FIG. 1.
`FIG. 5 is another sectional view of the view control button
`which is depressed by a finger toward one side.
`FIG. 6 shows a window frame which comprises two
`scrolling bars.
`FIG. 7 shows a window frame which comprises a vertical
`scrolling bar.
`FIG. 8 shows a window frame which comprises a hori(cid:173)
`zontal scrolling bar.
`
`50
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`It is therefore a primary objective of the present invention
`to provide a view control system which allows two dimen-
`sional view scrolling.
`It is another objective of the present invention to provide
`a view control system which allows enlarging or shrinking
`of the view of an image.
`Briefly, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention 55
`includes a view control system for controlling the display of
`a view within an image over a monitor, the view presenting
`a portion of the image, said system comprising:
`(1) a computer connected to the monitor for displaying the
`view over the monitor and for scrolling the view within 60
`the image according to scrolling signals so that various
`portions of the image can be seen through the view;
`(2) a pointing device electrically connected to the com(cid:173)
`puter for controlling movements of a cursor displayed
`over the monitor by the computer;
`(3) view control means installed over the pointing device
`for sensing a direction of a finger input from a user;
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a
`computer mouse 10 according to the present invention. The
`mouse 10 comprises a housing 12, a left button 14 and a
`right button 16, a bi-directional button 18 which is depress(cid:173)
`ible over its front end 20 for zooming in a view and its rear
`end 22 for zooming out a view, a view control button 24
`installed over the mouse 10 which can be depressible toward
`various direction (two dimension) for sensing a two dimen(cid:173)
`sional direction of a finger input from a user, a roller ball (not
`shown) installed on the bottom end of the housing 12, and
`a flexible cable 26 for connecting the mouse 10 to a host
`computer.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the mouse 10 shown in FIG.
`1. The mouse 10 comprises a control unit 28 connected to
`various input elements for constantly polling the input
`65 elements and generating digital input signals accordingly,
`and an interface circuit 36 connected to the control unit 28
`for transmitting the digital input signals to a host computer
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 4
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`5,883,619
`
`3
`and receiving control commands from the host computer.
`The input elements of the mouse 10 comprises two optic
`encoders 30 and 32 for converting rotations of the roller ball
`installed on the bottom end of the mouse 10 into digital input
`signals, a left button 14, a right button 16, a bi-directional
`button 18, and a view control button 24.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a view control system 40
`according to the present invention. The view control system
`40 comprises a computer 42 having a monitor 44 and a
`mouse 10. The view control system 40 is used for controlling 10
`the display of a view 46 within an image 48 over the monitor
`44. The image 48 shows a two dimensional drawing stored
`in the computer 42 and the view 44 presents a portion
`(dotted area) of the image 48.
`The computer 42 of the view control system 40 is used for
`displaying the view 46 over the monitor 44 and for scrolling
`the view 46 within the image 48 so that various portions of
`the image 48 can be seen through the view 46. The mouse
`10 is electrically connected to the computer 42 for control(cid:173)
`ling movements of a cursor 54 displayed over the monitor 44
`through the computer 42 by using the roller ball, the left key
`14 and the right key 16 of the mouse 10, and also for
`generating scrolling signals to control the scrolling of the
`view 46 through the computer 42. The scrolling signals are
`generated by the control unit 28 of the mouse 10 according 25
`to the inputs from the view control button 24 and the
`bi-directional button 18 caused by finger inputs from a user
`to control the scrolling of the view 46 within the image 48
`
`20
`
`4
`touch pad 68 caused by the finger 64. The force of each
`finger input is measured by sensing the number of sensing
`elements 66 contacted by the flexible convex side 70 and
`then converted into the scrolling signals by the control unit
`28 of the mouse 10. And the tilted angle of each finger input
`can be measured by detecting the boundary sensing element
`66 contacted by the touch pad 68 by the control unit 28.
`Both the force or tilted angle measured by the sensing
`elements 66 can be used to control the scrolling speed of the
`view 46 within the image 48. FIG. 5 shows that the lower
`end of the flexible convex side 70 is deformed under the
`pressure of the finger 64 and a plurality of the sensing
`elements 66 are contacted by the flexible convex side 70 of
`the touch pad 68. The bigger the finger pressure from the
`15 finger 64, the more sensing elements are contacted by the
`flexible convex side 70. The boundary sensing element 72
`contacted by the touch pad 68 is used for measuring the
`tilted angle of the touch pad 68 caused by the finger 64.
`Each scrolling signal received by the driver program 50
`comprises at least four parameters: Clx, Cly, Cls and F. The
`two parameters ( Clx, Cly) represent a normalized vector of a
`finger input's two dimensional direction. The length of the
`vector is always equal to 1 and the value of the Clx or Cly
`parameter is between -1 and + 1. The Cls parameter is a
`zooming parameter which represents either the front end
`20 (zooming in) of the bi-directional button 18 is being
`pressed ( Cls=1) or the rear end 22 (zooming out) is being
`pressed ( Cls=-1) by a user. The F parameter represents either
`the force exerted by a finger input or the tilted angle caused
`by a finger input. If there is no finger input over the view
`control button 24, the Clx, Cly and F parameters will all be
`0. And if the bi-directional button 18 is not being pressed,
`the Cls parameter will also be 0. Each scrolling signal is
`generated in a predetermined time interval (resolution) by
`the mouse for each finger input so that the longer the finger
`input is sensed by the view control button 24, the more
`scrolling signals which carry information about each finger
`input are generated by the mouse 10. And the window
`software 52 will respond to each received scrolling signal.
`Please refer to FIGS. 6 to 8. When displaying a view of
`an image, the window software 52 will automatically gen(cid:173)
`erate one or two scrolling bars depending on the size of the
`view related to the size of the image. If the vertical size and
`horizontal size are both bigger than the correspondent sizes
`of the view displayed over a monitor, both the vertical and
`horizontal scrolling bars will be displayed on the right side
`and bottom side of a window frame by the window software
`52 such as the window frame 80 shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6
`shows a window frame 80 which comprises a vertical
`scrolling bar 82 and a horizontal scrolling bar 84 generated
`by the window software 52. In this situation, the window
`software 52 will respond to each of the parameters of one
`scrolling signal. That means, if the Clx, Cly and F parameters
`are generated by pressing the view control button 24, the
`window software 52 will scroll the view of the image toward
`the direction ( Clx, Cly) in a speed proportional to the F
`60 parameter. And if the bi-directional button 18 is being
`pressed, the window software 52 will zoom in or zoom out
`the content of the view according to the Cls parameter until
`a predetermined boundary condition or limit is reached.
`On the other hand, if only one size of the image is bigger
`than the correspondent size of the view, only one scrolling
`bar will be generated by the window software 52. FIG. 7
`shows a window frame 86 which comprises a vertical
`
`40
`
`35
`
`~~~~~t~~~t:~o~~i~~ ~~~~:s~~~l~i!;:~g~~l:~:~~7:e~ir~: 30
`
`the mouse 10.
`The computer 42 comprises a window software 52 for
`displaying and scrolling the view 46 of the image 48 within
`a window frame 56 and a driver program 50 for receiving the
`scrolling signals from the mouse 10 and transmitting the
`scrolling signals to the window software 52. The window
`frame 56 comprises a vertical scrolling bar 58 and a hori(cid:173)
`zontal scrolling bar 60 for scrolling the view 46 vertically or
`horizontally. The window software 52 comprises a plurality
`of service routines for providing various display control
`functions and at least one application for performing certain
`specific functions such as text or graphic editing over the
`content of the view 46 according to various user's inputs.
`FIG. 4 is a sectional view 1-1 of the view control button 45
`24 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is another sectional view of the
`view control button 24 which is depressed by a finger 64
`toward one side. The view control button 24 is used as a
`sensor for sensing a two dimensional direction of each finger
`input and generating two dimensional scrolling signals 50
`according to the sensed direction of each finger input.
`The view control button 24 comprises a plurality of
`sensing elements 66 installed over a PCB board 68 of the
`mouse 10 for sensing the direction of each finger input and
`a touch pad 68 installed above the sensing elements 66 55
`which can be tilted within a fixed angle toward various
`directions when receiving each finger input so that the
`movements of the touch pad 68 caused by each finger input
`can be sensed by the sensing elements 66 and converted into
`the scrolling signals by the mouse 10.
`The sensing elements are made by electrically conductive
`strips organized in a concentric shape under the touch pad 68
`which are electrically connected to the control unit 28. And
`the touch pad 68 comprises a flexible and electrically
`conductive convex side 70 for contacting the sensing ele- 65
`ments 66. The sensing elements 66 can be used to measure
`the force exerted by the finger 64 or the tilted angle of the
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 5
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`5,883,619
`
`5
`scrolling bar 88 and FIG. 8 shows a window frame 90 which
`comprises a horizontal scrolling bar 84 generated by the
`window software 52. In these situations, the window soft(cid:173)
`ware 52 will respond differently to each scrolling signal
`received from the mouse 10.
`In FIG. 7, since only the vertical scrolling bar 88 is
`presented, there is no need for the window software 52 to
`scroll the view horizontally even if the Cly parameter is
`~~:s~7~~~· ~~e t~; z1 p:r;::~~t:il~~; ~1~~r~~ ~~e::~ 10
`differently in this situation. The window software 52 can
`perform a zooming function along both the vertical and
`horizontal directions such as in editing a graphic image, or
`only perform a zooming function along the vertical direction
`such as in editing a text image, or the window software 52
`can simply disable the zooming function and only allow
`view scrolling function in this situation. A window-based
`application program developer can decide which options
`should be offer to a user for each specific application. In
`FIG. 8, only the horizontal scrolling bar 92 is presented and 20
`the window software 52 will scroll the view horizontally
`according to the Cly parameter. The z,1 x parameter will be
`ignored in this situation.
`A preferred process executed by the window software 52 25
`is presented below. It shows how the window software 52
`responds to one scrolling signal in various situations accord(cid:173)
`ing to the above discussion. The view displayed by the
`window software 52 is treated as a graphic image in this
`process and the zooming function is always performed to 30
`both the vertical and horizontal dimensions according to the
`Cls parameter no matter how many scrolling bars are pre(cid:173)
`sented by the window software 52.
`step 1. receive a scrolling signal from the driver program 50;
`step 2. check if the bi-directional button 18 is pressed; go to 35
`step ( 4) if no;
`step 3. zoom in or zoom out the content of the view
`according to the Cls parameter;
`step 4. check if the view control button 24 is pressed; go to
`step (9) if no;
`step 5. if only the vertical scrolling bar is presented in the
`window frame, set Cldy=O and calculate a moving distance
`Cldx of the view over the image which is proportional to the
`Clx and F parameters; go to step (8);
`step 6. if only the horizontal scrolling bar is presented in the
`window frame, set Cldx=O and calculate a moving distance
`Cldy of the view over the image which is proportional to the
`Cly and F parameters; go to step (8);
`step 7. if both vertical and horizontal scrolling bars are
`presented in the window frame, calculate a moving distance
`Cldx and Cldy of the view over the image which are
`proportional to the Clx, Cly and F parameters;
`step 8. scroll the view according to the moving distances
`Cldx and Cldy over the image and display a new view of the
`image over the monitor 44;
`step 9. terminate the process.
`Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous
`modifications and alterations of the device may be made 60
`while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly,
`the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by
`the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
`What is claimed is:
`1. A view control system for controlling the display of a
`view within an image over a monitor, the view presenting a
`portion of the image, said system comprising:
`
`6
`a. a computer connected to the monitor for displaying the
`view over the monitor and for scrolling the view within
`the image according to scrolling signals so that various
`portions of the image can be seen through the view;
`b. a pointing device electrically connected to the com(cid:173)
`puter for controlling movements of a cursor displayed
`over the monitor by the computer;
`c. view control means having a sensor installed over the
`pointing device, the sensor comprising:
`(1) a plurality of sensing elements for sensing a two
`dimensional direction of a finger input from a user;
`and
`(2) a touch pad having a flexible convex side installed
`above the sensing elements for contacting the sens(cid:173)
`ing elements which can be tilted within a fixed angle
`toward various directions when receiving each finger
`input wherein the movements of the touch pad
`caused by each finger input are sensed by the sensing
`elements and wherein the force of each finger input
`is measured by sensing the number of sensing ele(cid:173)
`ments contacted by the flexible convex side and
`converted into the scrolling signals by the pointing
`device;
`wherein the pointing device generates two dimensional
`scrolling signals according to the sensed two dimen(cid:173)
`sional direction of each finger input and wherein the
`view is scrolled within the image along two mutually
`orthogonal directions by the computer according to the
`two dimensional scrolling signals received from the
`pointing device.
`2. The view control system of claim 1 wherein the
`pointing device comprises a control unit connected to the
`sensor for generating the two dimensional scrolling signals
`accordingly.
`3. The view control system of claim 2 wherein the
`pointing device generates each of the scrolling signals in a
`predetermined time interval when the finger input is being
`sensed by the sensor.
`4. The view control system of claim 2 wherein the view
`40 control means further comprises a bi-directional button
`connected to the control unit for generating a zooming signal
`wherein the content of the view within the image is zoomed
`in or zoomed out by the computer upon receiving the
`zooming signal from the view control means.
`5. The view control system of claim 1 wherein the speed
`in scrolling the view of the image by the computer is
`proportional to the force sensed by the sensing elements.
`6. The view control system of claim 1 wherein the
`computer comprises a window software for displaying and
`50 scrolling the view of the image according to the scrolling
`signals and a driver program for receiving the scrolling
`signals from the pointing device and transmitting the scroll(cid:173)
`ing signals to the window software.
`7. The view control system of claim 6 wherein each of the
`55 two dimensional scrolling signals comprises two parameters
`representing the sensed two dimensional direction of each
`finger input, and the two parameters are used by the window
`software for scrolling the view within the image along two
`mutually orthogonal dimensions separately.
`8. The view control system of claim 6 wherein each of the
`two dimensional scrolling signals comprises two parameters
`representing the sensed two dimensional direction of each
`finger input, and the two parameters are used by the window
`software for scrolling the view within the image along two
`65 mutually orthogonal dimensions separately; and wherein if
`the view is restricted to scroll within the image along only
`one of the two dimensions by the window software, the
`
`15
`
`45
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 6
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`

`

`5,883,619
`
`7
`window software will scroll the view along said dimension
`according to one corresponding parameter of said dimension
`and ignore the other parameter.
`9. The view control system of claim 1 the pointing device
`is connected to the computer through a flexible cable.
`10. The view control system of claim 1 wherein the
`pointing device is a computer mouse.
`11. A view control system for controlling the display of a
`view within an image over a monitor, the view presenting a
`portion of the image, said system comprising:
`a. a computer connected to the monitor for displaying the
`view over the monitor and for scrolling the view within
`the image according to scrolling signals so that various
`portions of the image can be seen through the view;
`b. a pointing device electrically connected to the com- 15
`puter for controlling movements of a cursor displayed
`over the monitor by the computer;
`c. view control means having a sensor installed over the
`pointing device, the sensor comprising:
`(1) a plurality of sensing elements for sensing a two
`dimensional direction of a finger input from a user;
`and
`
`10
`
`8
`(2) a touch pad having a flexible convex side installed
`above the sensing elements for contacting the sens(cid:173)
`ing elements which can be tilted within a fixed angle
`toward various directions when receiving each finger
`input wherein the movements of the touch pad
`caused by each finger input are sensed by the sensing
`elements and wherein the tilted angle of each finger
`input is measured by detecting a boundary sensing
`element contacted by the flexible convex side and
`converted into the scrolling signals by the pointing
`device;
`wherein the pointing device generates two dimensional
`scrolling signals according to the sensed two dimensional
`direction of each finger input and wherein the view is
`scrolled within the image along two mutually orthogonal
`directions by the computer according to the two dimensional
`scrolling signals received from the pointing device.
`12. The view control system of claim 11 wherein the
`speed in scrolling the view of the image by the computer is
`20 proportional to the titled angle of the touch pad sensed by the
`sensing elements.
`
`* * * * *
`
`RingCentral Ex-1023, p. 7
`RingCentral v. Estech
`IPR2021-00574
`
`