`US010517484B2
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Islam
`
`(IO) Patent No.: US 10,517,484 B2
`(45) Date of Patent:
`*Dec. 31, 2019
`
`(54) SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES-BASED
`PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT DEVICE
`WITH IMPROVED SIGNAL-TO-NOISE
`RATIO
`
`(71) Applicant: Omni Medsci, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
`(US)
`
`(72)
`
`Inventor: Mohammed N. Islam, Ann Arbor, MI
`(US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Omni Medsci, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
`(US)
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,063,106 A
`4,158,750 A
`
`12/1977 Ashkin et al.
`6/ 1979 Sakoe et al.
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`CA
`CN
`
`5/2012
`2 458 123
`7/2013
`101849821 B
`(Continued)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis(cid:173)
`claimer.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`U.S. Appl. No. 61/350,673; titled: Opticoustic Sensor; Inventor:
`Massi Joe E. Kiani; filed Jun. 2, 2010.
`(Continued)
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 16/506,885
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jul. 9, 2019
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2019/0328235 Al
`Oct. 31, 2019
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(60) Continuation of application No. 16/272,069, filed on
`Feb. 11, 2019, which is a continuation of application
`(Continued)
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G0JJ 5102
`A61B 5100
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(Continued)
`
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC .......... A61B 510088 (2013.01); A61B 510013
`(2013.01); A61B 510022 (2013.01);
`(Continued)
`( 58) Field of Classification Search
`CPC ........... GOIN 21/3581; GOIN 21/3563; GOIN
`21/35; GOIN 21/4738; GOIN 21/55;
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner - Md M Rahman
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Brooks Kushman P.C.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A wearable device includes a measurement device to mea(cid:173)
`sure a physiological parameter adapted to be placed on a
`wrist or an ear of a user. A plurality of semiconductor light
`sources such as light emitting diodes generate corresponding
`output light having an initial light intensity. A receiver
`includes spatially separated detectors receiving reflected
`light from the output lights and coupled to analog to digital
`converters. The receiver is configured to synchronize to the
`semiconductor source(s). The measurement device improves
`signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal by increasing light
`intensity relative to the initial light intensity and by increas(cid:173)
`ing a pulse rate. Further improvement in signal-to-noise
`ratio is achieved by using change detection, where the
`receiver compares the signals with light on and with light
`off.
`
`23 Claims, 34 Drawing Sheets
`
`21:JO
`i
`
`2105
`/
`
`D··········\ 211l4 T '6
`
`2101
`
`PRE-AMP
`
`{
`2:02
`
`POWER-AMP
`l
`2100
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. – Ex. 1001, p. 1
`
`
`
`US 10,517,484 B2
`Page 2
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`No. 16/029,611, filed on Jul. 8, 2018, now Pat. No.
`10,201,283, which is a continuation of application
`No. 15/888,052, filed on Feb. 4, 2018, now Pat. No.
`10,136,819, which is a continuation of application
`No. 15/212,549, filed on Jul. 18, 2016, now Pat. No.
`9,885,698, which is a continuation of application No.
`14/650,897, filed as application No. PCT/US2013/
`075700 on Dec. 17, 2013, now Pat. No. 9,494,567,
`application No. 16/506,885, which is a continuation
`of application No. 16/004,359, filed on Jun. 9, 2018,
`which is a continuation of application No. 14/109,
`007, filed on Dec. 17, 2013, now Pat. No. 9,993,159,
`application No. 16/506,885, which is a continuation
`of application No. 16/188,194, filed on Nov. 12, 2018,
`now Pat. No. 10,386,230, which is a continuation of
`application No. 16/004,154, filed on Jun. 8, 2018,
`now Pat. No. 10,126,283, which is a continuation of
`application No. 15/855,201, filed on Dec. 27, 2017,
`now Pat. No. 9,995,722, which is a continuation of
`application No. 15/711,907, filed on Sep. 21, 2017,
`now Pat. No. 9,897,584, which is a division of
`application No. 15/357,225, filed on Nov. 21, 2016,
`now Pat. No. 9,797,876, which is a continuation of
`application No. 14/650,981, filed as application No.
`PCT/US2013/075767 on Dec. 17, 2013, now Pat. No.
`9,500,634, application No. 16/506,885, which is a
`continuation of application No. 16/241,628, filed on
`Jan. 7, 2019, now Pat. No. 10,441,176, which is a
`continuation of application No. 16/015,737, filed on
`Jun. 22, 2018, now Pat. No. 10,172,523, which is a
`continuation of application No. 15/594,053, filed on
`May 12, 2017, now Pat. No. 10,188,299, which is a
`continuation of application No. 14/875,709, filed on
`Oct. 6, 2015, now Pat. No. 9,651,533, which is a
`continuation of application No. 14/108,986, filed on
`Dec. 17, 2013, now Pat. No. 9,164,032, application
`No. 16/506,885, which is a continuation of applica(cid:173)
`tion No. 16/284,514, filed on Feb. 15, 2019, which is
`a continuation of application No. 16/016,649, filed on
`Jun. 24, 2018, now Pat. No. 10,213,113, which is a
`continuation of application No. 15/860,065, filed on
`Jan. 2, 2018, now Pat. No. 10,098,546, which is a
`continuation of application No. 15/686,198, filed on
`Aug. 25, 2017, now Pat. No. 9,861,286, which is a
`continuation of application No. 15/357,136, filed on
`Nov. 21, 2016, now Pat. No. 9,757,040, which is a
`continuation of application No. 14/651,367, filed as
`application No. PCT/US2013/075736 on Dec. 17,
`2013, now Pat. No. 9,500,635.
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 61/747,472, filed on Dec.
`31, 2012, provisional application No. 61/747,553,
`filed on Dec. 31, 2012, provisional application No.
`61/747,485, filed on Dec. 31, 2012, provisional
`application No. 61/747,487, filed on Dec. 31, 2012,
`provisional application No. 61/747,477, filed on Dec.
`31, 2012, provisional application No. 61/754,698,
`filed on Jan. 21, 2013.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`GOIN 2113563
`GOIN 33102
`GOIN 33115
`GOIN 33/44
`
`(2014.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2014.01)
`(2014.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`GOIN 33/49
`A61B 51145
`A61B 511455
`GOJJ 3102
`GOJJ 3/10
`GOJJ 3/14
`GOJJ 3/28
`GOJJ 3/42
`GOJJ 3/453
`GOIN 21135
`GOIN 211359
`GOIN 21139
`GOIN 21188
`GOIN 21/85
`HOJS 3/067
`GOIN 21/95
`HOJS 3/30
`GOJJ 3/12
`GOJM 3/38
`GOJJ 3/18
`HOJS 3/00
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC .......... A61B 510075 (2013.01); A61B 510086
`(2013.01); A61B 511455 (2013.01); A61B
`5114532 (2013.01); A61B 5114546 (2013.01);
`A61B 514547 (2013.01); A61B 516801
`(2013.01); A61B 517257 (2013.01); A61B
`51742 (2013.01); A61B 517405 (2013.01);
`GOJJ 310218 (2013.01); GOJJ 3/108
`(2013.01); GOJJ 3/14 (2013.01); GOJJ 3/28
`(2013.01); GOJJ 3/2823 (2013.01); GOJJ 3/42
`(2013.01); GOJJ 3/453 (2013.01); GOIN 21135
`(2013.01); GOIN 211359 (2013.01); GOIN
`2113563 (2013.01); GOIN 21139 (2013.01);
`GOIN 21188 (2013.01); GOIN 33102
`(2013.01); GOIN 331025 (2013.01); GOIN
`33115 (2013.01); GOIN 33/442 (2013.01);
`GOIN 33/49 (2013.01); A61B 2562/0233
`(2013.01); A61B 2562/0238 (2013.01); A61B
`2562/146 (2013.01); A61B 2576/02 (2013.01);
`GOJJ 3/1838 (2013.01); GOJJ 2003/104
`(2013.01); GOJJ 2003/1208 (2013.01); GOJJ
`2003/2826 (2013.01); GOJM 3/38 (2013.01);
`GOIN 21/85 (2013.01); GOIN 21/9508
`(2013.01); GOIN 2021/3595 (2013.01); GOIN
`2021/399 (2013.01); GOIN 2201/061
`(2013.01); GOIN 2201/062 (2013.01); GOIN
`2201/06113 (2013.01); GOIN 2201/08
`(2013.01); GOIN 2201/12 (2013.01); GOIN
`2201/129 (2013.01); HOJS 3/0092 (2013.01);
`HOJS 3/06758 (2013.01); HOJS 3/302
`(2013.01)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`CPC ......... GOIN 21/31; GOIN 21/552; G0lJ 3/02;
`G0lJ 3/28; G0lJ 3/42
`USPC .......................................................... 356/300
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,221,997 A
`4,275,266 A
`4,374,618 A
`4,403,605 A
`
`9/1980 Flemming
`6/1981 Lasar
`2/1983 Howard
`9/1983 Tanikawa
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. – Ex. 1001, p. 2
`
`
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,462,080 A
`4,516,207 A
`4,523,884 A
`4,605,080 A
`4,641,292 A
`4,704,696 A
`4,728,974 A
`4,762,455 A
`4,776,016 A
`4,958,910 A
`4,972,331 A
`4,989,253 A
`5,078,140 A
`5,084,880 A
`5,086,401 A
`5,134,620 A
`5,142,930 A
`5,180,378 A
`5,191,628 A
`5,218,655 A
`5,230,023 A
`5,246,004 A
`5,267,152 A
`5,267,256 A
`5,267,323 A
`5,300,097 A
`5,303,148 A
`5,305,427 A
`5,313,306 A
`5,323,404 A
`5,345,538 A
`5,368,224 A
`5,400,165 A
`5,408,409 A
`5,458,122 A
`5,544,654 A
`5,572,999 A
`5,617,871 A
`5,631,758 A
`5,687,734 A
`5,695,493 A
`5,696,778 A
`5,704,351 A
`5,718,234 A
`5,746,206 A
`5,747,806 A
`5,748,103 A
`5,774,213 A
`5,792,204 A
`5,795,300 A
`5,812,978 A
`5,855,550 A
`5,862,803 A
`5,867,305 A
`5,912,749 A
`5,919,134 A
`5,944,659 A
`5,950,629 A
`5,957,854 A
`5,970,457 A
`6,014,249 A
`6,031,603 A
`6,043,927 A
`6,044,283 A
`6,115,673 A
`6,181,414 Bl
`6,185,535 Bl
`6,200,309 Bl
`6,212,310 Bl
`6,224,542 Bl
`6,246,707 Bl
`6,246,896 Bl
`6,273,858 Bl
`6,278,975 Bl
`6,281,471 Bl
`
`7/1984 Johnstone et al.
`5/1985 Moriyama et al.
`6/1985 Clement et al.
`8/1986 Lemelson
`2/1987 Tunnell et al.
`11/1987 Reimer et al.
`3/1988 Nio et al.
`8/1988 Coughlan et al.
`10/1988 Hansen
`9/1990 Taylor et al.
`11/1990 Chance
`1/1991 Liang et al.
`1/1992 Kwoh
`1/1992 Esterowitz et al.
`2/1992 Glassman et al.
`7/1992 Huber
`9/1992 Allen et al.
`1/1993 Kung et al.
`3/1993 Byron
`6/1993 Mizrahi
`7/1993 Nakano
`9/1993 Clarke et al.
`11/1993 Yang et al.
`11/1993 Saruwatari et al.
`11/1993 Kimura
`4/1994 Lerner et al.
`4/1994 Mattson et al.
`4/1994 Nagata
`5/1994 Kuban et al.
`6/1994 Grubb
`9/1994 Narayannan et al.
`11/1994 Richardson et al.
`3/1995 Gnauck et al.
`4/1995 Glassman et al.
`10/1995 Hethuin
`8/1996 Murphy et al.
`11/1996 Funda et al.
`4/1997 Burrows
`5/1997 Knox et al.
`11/1997 Dempsey et al.
`12/1997 Nakajima et al.
`12/1997 Mac Pherson
`1/1998 Mortara et al.
`2/1998 Warden et al.
`5/1998 Mannheimer
`5/1998 Khalil
`5/1998 Flach et al.
`6/1998 Trebino et al.
`8/1998 Snell
`8/1998 Bryars
`9/1998 Nolan
`1/1999 Lai et al.
`1/1999 Besson et al.
`2/1999 Waarts et al.
`6/1999 Harstead et al.
`7/1999 Diab
`8/1999 Flach et al.
`9/1999 Taylor et al.
`9/1999 Besson et al.
`10/1999 Brant et al.
`1/2000 F ermann et al.
`2/2000 Fine et al.
`3/2000 Islam
`3/2000 Fein et al.
`9/2000 Malin
`1/2001 Raz et al.
`2/2001 Hedin et al.
`3/2001 Rice et al.
`4/2001 Waarts et al.
`5/2001 Chang et al.
`6/2001 Yin et al.
`6/2001 Dumoulin
`8/2001 Fox et al.
`8/2001 Brant et al.
`8/2001 Smart
`
`US 10,517,484 B2
`Page 3
`
`6,285,897 Bl
`6,289,238 Bl
`6,301,271 Bl
`6,301,273 Bl
`6,325,978 Bl
`6,333,803 Bl
`6,337,462 Bl
`6,340,806 Bl
`6,350,261 Bl
`6,364,834 Bl
`6,374,006 Bl
`6,381,391 Bl
`6,402,691 Bl
`6,407,853 Bl
`6,436,107 Bl
`6,441,747 Bl
`6,442,430 Bl
`6,443,890 Bl
`6,450,172 Bl
`6,453,201 Bl
`6,454,705 Bl
`6,458,120 Bl
`6,462,500 Bl
`6,463,361 Bl
`6,480,656 Bl
`6,505,133 Bl
`6,509,566 Bl
`6,512,936 Bl
`6,534,012 Bl
`6,549,702 B2
`6,567,431 B2
`6,587,702 Bl
`6,603,910 B2
`6,605,080 Bl
`6,611,643 B2
`6,619,835 B2
`6,625,180 B2
`6,631,025 B2
`6,640,117 B2
`6,659,947 Bl
`6,659,999 Bl
`6,701,170 B2
`6,708,048 Bl
`6,731,967 Bl
`6,738,652 B2
`6,760,148 B2
`6,773,922 B2
`6,788,965 B2
`6,802,811 Bl
`6,816,241 B2
`6,847,336 Bl
`6,864,978 Bl
`6,885,498 B2
`6,885,683 Bl
`6,898,451 B2
`6,916,096 B2
`6,943,936 B2
`6,990,364 B2
`7,010,336 B2
`7,027,467 B2
`7,060,061 B2
`7,105,823 B2
`7,133,710 B2
`7,167,300 B2
`7,184,148 B2
`7,209,657 Bl
`7,233,816 B2
`7,259,906 Bl
`7,263,288 Bl
`7,278,966 B2
`7,294,105 Bl
`7,299,080 B2
`7,317,938 B2
`7,318,909 B2
`7,332,784 B2
`7,356,364 Bl
`7,395,158 B2
`7,433,116 Bl
`7,468,036 Bl
`
`9/2001 Kilcoyne
`9/2001 Besson et al.
`10/2001 Sanders et al.
`10/2001 Sanders et al.
`12/2001 Labuda et al.
`12/2001 Kurotori et al.
`1/2002 Smart
`1/2002 Smart et al.
`2/2002 Domankevitz et al.
`4/2002 Reuss et al.
`4/2002 Islam et al.
`4/2002 Islam et al.
`6/2002 Peddicord et al.
`6/2002 Samson et al.
`8/2002 Wang et al.
`8/2002 Khair et al.
`8/2002 F erek-Petric
`9/2002 Schulze et al.
`9/2002 Hartlaub et al.
`9/2002 Daum et al.
`9/2002 Cosentino et al.
`10/2002 Shen et al.
`10/2002 L'Hegarat et al.
`10/2002 Wang et al.
`11/2002 Islam et al.
`1/2003 Hanna et al.
`1/2003 Wamsley et al.
`1/2003 Monfre et al.
`3/2003 Hazen et al.
`4/2003 Islam et al.
`5/2003 Tabirian et al.
`7/2003 Ruchti
`8/2003 Islam et al.
`8/2003 Altshuler et al.
`8/2003 Birk
`9/2003 Kita
`9/2003 Bufetov et al.
`10/2003 Islam et al.
`10/2003 Makarewicz
`12/2003 Carter et al.
`12/2003 Anderson et al.
`3/2004 Stetson
`3/2004 Chance
`5/2004 Turcott
`5/2004 Mattu
`7/2004 Islam
`8/2004 Jeng
`9/2004 Ruchti
`10/2004 Slepian
`11/2004 Grubisic
`1/2005 Lemelson
`3/2005 Hazen
`4/2005 Islam
`4/2005 Permann et al.
`5/2005 Wuori
`7/2005 Eberl et al.
`9/2005 Islam et al.
`1/2006 Ruchti
`3/2006 Lorenz
`4/2006 Baev et al.
`6/2006 Altshuler et al.
`9/2006 Abrahamsson et al.
`11/2006 Acosta
`1/2007 Permann et al.
`2/2007 Alphonse
`4/2007 Islam
`6/2007 Blank
`8/2007 Islam
`8/2007 Islam
`10/2007 Hjelt et al.
`11/2007 Islam
`11/2007 Acosta
`1/2008 Lorenz
`1/2008 Lehmann et al.
`2/2008 Mills et al.
`4/2008 Bullock et al.
`7/2008 Monfre
`10/2008 Islam
`12/2008 Rulkov et al.
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. – Ex. 1001, p. 3
`
`
`
`US 10,517,484 B2
`Page 4
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`7,519,253 B2
`7,519,406 B2
`7,620,674 B2
`7,648,463 Bl
`7,697,966 B2
`7,771,320 B2
`7,787,503 B2
`7,787,924 B2
`7,800,818 B2
`7,807,718 B2
`7,848,605 B2
`7,890,158 B2
`7,969,558 B2
`8,000,574 B2
`8,145,286 B2
`8,157,730 B2
`8,158,175 B2
`8,158,493 B2
`8,172,761 Bl
`8,180,422 B2
`8,180,591 B2
`8,198,589 B2
`8,213,007 B2
`8,310,336 B2
`8,315,682 B2
`8,430,310 Bl
`8,463,576 B2
`8,472,108 B2
`8,475,367 Bl
`8,509,882 B2
`RE44,875 E
`8,755,871 B2
`8,767,190 B2
`8,788,002 B2
`8,945,017 B2
`8,948,832 B2
`8,954,135 B2
`9,142,117 B2
`9,164,032 B2
`9,179,876 B2
`9,192,329 B2
`9,207,121 B2
`9,241,676 B2
`9,326,712 Bl
`9,596,990 B2
`9,651,533 B2
`9,675,250 B2
`9,757,040 B2
`9,820,658 B2
`9,861,286 Bl
`9,885,698 B2
`2002/0013518 Al
`2002/0019584 Al
`2002/0032468 Al
`2002/0082612 Al
`2002/0109621 Al
`2002/0115914 Al
`2002/0128846 Al
`2002/0178003 Al
`2003/0022126 Al
`2003/0107739 Al
`2003/0109055 Al
`2003/0152307 Al
`2004/0174914 Al
`2004/0240037 Al
`2005/0049468 Al
`2005/0111500 Al
`2005/0133691 Al
`2005/0209516 Al
`2006/0058683 Al
`2006/0198397 Al
`2006/0223032 Al
`2006/0245461 Al
`2006/0268393 Al
`2006/0281982 Al
`
`4/2009 Islam
`4/2009 Blank
`11/2009 Ruchti
`1/2010 Elhag et al.
`4/2010 Monfre
`8/2010 Riley et al.
`8/2010 Wadsworth
`8/2010 Acosta
`9/2010 Mattsson
`10/2010 Hashim
`12/2010 Ridder et al.
`2/2011 Rowe et al.
`6/2011 Hall
`8/2011 Buchter
`3/2012 Arai
`4/2012 LeBoeuf et al.
`4/2012 Bourg, Jr.
`4/2012 Shah et al.
`5/2012 Rulkov et al.
`5/2012 Rebec
`5/2012 Yuen et al.
`6/2012 Tolton et al.
`7/2012 Wang et al.
`11/2012 Muhsin et al.
`11/2012 Such et al.
`4/2013 Ho et al.
`6/2013 Yuen et al.
`6/2013 Islam
`7/2013 Yuen et al.
`8/2013 Albert et al.
`4/2014 Kiani et al.
`6/2014 Weng et al.
`7/2014 Hall
`7/2014 LeBoeuf et al.
`2/2015 Venkatraman et al.
`2/2015 Hong et al.
`2/2015 Yuen et al.
`9/2015 Muhsin et al.
`10/2015 Islam
`11/2015 Ochs et al.
`11/2015 Al-Ali
`12/2015 Adler
`1/2016 Lisogurski et al.
`5/2016 Kiani
`3/2017 Park et al.
`5/2017 Islam
`6/2017 Tverskoy
`9/2017 Islam
`11/2017 Tran
`1/2018 Islam
`2/2018 Islam
`1/2002 West et al.
`2/2002 Schulze et al.
`3/2002 Hill et al.
`6/2002 Moll et al.
`8/2002 Khair et al.
`8/2002 Russ
`9/2002 Miller
`11/2002 Gehrke et al.
`1/2003 Buchalla
`6/2003 Lehmann et al.
`6/2003 Lehmann et al.
`8/2003 Drasek et al.
`9/2004 Fukatsu
`12/2004 Harter
`3/2005 Carlson et al.
`5/2005 Harter et al.
`6/2005 Doppke et al.
`9/2005 Fraden
`3/2006 Chance
`9/2006 Korolev et al.
`10/2006 Fried
`11/2006 Islam
`11/2006 Islam
`12/2006 Grata et al.
`
`2006/0283931 Al
`2007/0021670 Al
`2007 /0078348 Al
`2008/0086318 Al
`2008/0105665 Al
`2008/0240502 Al
`2009/0028193 Al
`2009/0105605 Al
`2009/0156932 Al
`2009/0185274 Al
`2009/0204110 Al
`2009/0244288 Al
`2009/0287067 Al
`2010/0007717 Al
`2010/0046067 Al
`2010/0118123 Al
`2010/0160794 Al
`2010/0160798 Al
`2010/0217099 Al
`2010/0217102 Al
`2010/0284082 Al
`2010/0322490 Al
`2010/0331637 Al
`2011/0040197 Al
`2011/0143364 Al
`2011/0188054 Al
`2011/0208015 Al
`2011/0237911 Al
`2011/0267688 Al
`2011/0282167 Al
`2011/0292376 Al
`2012/0013722 Al
`2012/0041767 Al
`2012/0197093 Al
`2012/0203077 Al
`2012/0239013 Al
`2012/0245439 Al
`2012/0310062 Al
`2012/0316455 Al
`2013/0274569 Al
`2013/0281795 Al
`2013/0303921 Al
`2013/0327966 Al
`2014/0078510 Al
`2014/0081100 Al
`2014/0236021 Al
`2014/0249427 Al
`2014/0275852 Al
`2014/0275854 Al
`2015/0011851 Al
`2016/0045118 Al
`2016/0327476 Al
`2018/0231373 Al
`
`12/2006 Polli et al.
`1/2007 Mandelis et al.
`4/2007 Holman
`4/2008 Gilley et al.
`5/2008 Kondo
`10/2008 Freedman et al.
`1/2009 Islam
`4/2009 Abreu
`6/2009 Zharov
`7/2009 Shpunt
`8/2009 Islam
`10/2009 Fujimoto et al.
`11/2009 Dorogusker et al.
`1/2010 Spektor et al.
`2/2010 Permann et al.
`5/2010 Freedman et al.
`6/2010 Banet et al.
`6/2010 Banet et al.
`8/2010 LeBoeuf et al.
`8/2010 LeBoeuf et al.
`11/2010 Shpunt et al.
`12/2010 Pan
`12/2010 Ting
`2/2011 Welch et al.
`6/2011 Kim
`8/2011 Petronius et al.
`8/2011 Welch et al.
`9/2011 Lamego et al.
`11/2011 Kleppe et al.
`11/2011 Ridder et al.
`12/2011 Kukushkin et al.
`1/2012 Wong
`2/2012 Hoffman et al.
`8/2012 LeBoeuf et al.
`8/2012 He et al.
`9/2012 Islam
`9/2012 Andre et al.
`12/2012 Li et al.
`12/2012 Rahman et al.
`10/2013 Islam
`10/2013 Varadan
`11/2013 Chu et al.
`Fidler et al.
`12/2013
`3/2014 Rubio Guivernau et al.
`3/2014 Muhsin et al.
`8/2014 Islam
`9/2014 Liu
`9/2014 Hong et al.
`9/2014 Venkatraman et al.
`1/2015 Mehta et al.
`2/2016 Kiani
`11/2016 Islam
`8/2018 Pesach et al.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DE
`EP
`JP
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`
`102010012987 Al
`1148666
`2005270544 A
`09715240
`WO09715240
`97049340
`WO97049340
`01150959
`WO01150959
`200189362
`200227640
`200228123
`2005013843 A2
`2007061772 A2
`2008120217 A2
`2009130464 Al
`2012135952 Al
`2013012938
`W02013012938 Al
`
`10/2010
`10/2001
`10/2005
`5/1997
`5/1997
`12/1997
`12/1997
`7/2001
`7/2001
`11/2001
`4/2002
`4/2002
`2/2005
`5/2007
`10/2008
`10/2009
`10/2012
`1/2013
`1/2013
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. – Ex. 1001, p. 4
`
`
`
`US 10,517,484 B2
`Page 5
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`WO
`WO
`
`2015084376
`W02015084376 Al
`
`6/2015
`6/2015
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Non-Final Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/875,709 dated May
`26, 2016.
`Segtnan, Vegard H., et al. "Screening of acrylamide contents in
`potato crisps using process variable settings and near-infrared
`spectroscopy." Molecular nutrition & food research 50.9 (2006):
`811-817.
`Shiroma, Cecilia, and Luis Rodriguez-Saona. "Application of NIR
`and MIR spectroscopy in quality control of potato chips." Journal
`of Food Composition and Analysis 22.6 (2009): 596-605.
`Pedreschi, F., V. H. Segtnan, and S. H. Knutsen. "On-line monitor(cid:173)
`ing of fat, dry matter and acrylamide contents in potato chips using
`near infrared interactance and visual reflectance imaging." Food
`Chemistry 121.2 (2010): 616-620.
`Kays, Sandra E., William R. Windham, and Franklin E. Barton.
`"Prediction of total dietary fiber in cereal products using near(cid:173)
`infrared reflectance spectroscopy." Journal of Agricultural and food
`chemistry 44.8 (1996): 2266-2271.
`Williams, Phil. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Cereals." Handbook
`of vibrational spectroscopy (2006).
`Ng, Choo Lum, Randy L. Wehling, and Susan L. Cuppett. "Method
`for determining frying oil degradation by near-infrared spectros(cid:173)
`copy." Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 55.3 (2007):
`593-597.
`"Analysis of Edible Oils Using FT-NIR Spectroscopy." Bruker
`Optics, www.azom.com/article.aspx? ArticleID~5981, Mar. 10, 2012.
`Shiroma, Cecilia. "Rapid quality control of potato chips using near
`and mid-infrared spectroscopy." (2007).
`Ni, Yongnian, Minghua Mei, and Serge Kokot. "Analysis of com(cid:173)
`plex, processed substances with the use of NIR spectroscopy and
`chemometrics: Classification and prediction of properties-The
`potato crisps example." Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory
`Systems 105.2 (2011): 147-156.
`Hartmann, R., and H. Biining-Pfaue. "NIR determination of potato
`constituents." Potato research 41.4 (1998): 327-334.
`Thybo, Anette Kistrup, et al. "Prediction of sensory texture of
`cooked potatoes using uniaxial compression, near infrared spec(cid:173)
`troscopy and low fieldlH NMR spectroscopy." LWT-Food Science
`and Technology 33.2 (2000): 103-111.
`Biining-Pfaue, Hans. "Analysis of water in food by near infrared
`spectroscopy." Food Chemistry 82.1 (2003): 107-115.
`Haase, Norbert U. "Prediction of potato processing quality by near
`infrared reflectance spectroscopy of ground raw tubers" Journal of
`Near Infrared Spectroscopy 19.1 (2011): 37-45.
`September, Danwille Jacqwin Franco. Detection and quantification
`of spice adulteration by near infrared hyperspectral imaging. Diss.
`Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
`Galvis-Sanchez, Andrea C., et al. "Fourier transform near-infrared
`spectroscopy application for sea salt quality evaluation." Journal of
`agricultural and food chemistry 59.20 (2011): 11109-11116.
`Rein, Alan, and Luis Rodriguez-Saona. "Measurement of Acrylamide
`in Potato Chips by Portable FTIR Analyzers." (2013).
`Ayvaz, Huseyin, et al. "Application of infrared microspectroscopy
`and chemometric analysis for screening the acrylamide content in
`potato chips." Analytical Methods 5 .8 (2013): 2020-2027.
`Istepanian, Robert H., "The Comparative Performance of Mobile
`Telemedical Systems based on the IS-54 and GSM Cellular Tele(cid:173)
`phone Standards"; Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 1999; pp.
`97-104.
`Aris, Ishak Bin, "An Internet-Based Blood Pressure Monitoring
`System for Patients"; Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 2001;
`pp. 51-53.
`Sun, Y., C.F. Booker, S. Kumari, R.N. Day, M. Davidson, A.
`Periasamy, "Characterization of an orange acceptor fluorescent
`
`protein for sensitized spectral fluorescence resonant energy transfer
`microscopy using a white-light laser," Journal of Biomedical Optics,
`vol. 14, No. 5, paper 054009 (2009).
`Borlinghaus, R., "Colours Count: how the challenge of fluorescence
`was solved in confocal microscopy," in Modern Research and
`Educational Topics in Microscopy, A. Mendez-Vilas and J. Diaz,
`eds, pp. 890-899, Formatex (2007).
`Borlinghaus, R., "The White Confocal: Continuous Spectral Tuning
`in Excitation and Emission," in Optical Fluorescence Microscopy,
`A. Diaspro (Ed), Chapter 2, pp. 37-54, ISBN 978-3-642-15174-3,
`Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2011).
`Borlinghaus, R.T., L. Kuschel, "White Light Laser: The Ultimate
`Source for Confocal Microscopy," http://www.leica-microsystems.
`com/science-lab/white-light-laser (Jun. 27, 2012).
`Ziegler, U., A.G. Bittermann, M. Hoechli, "Introduction to Confocal
`Laser Scanning Microscopy (LEICA)," www.zmb.unizh.ch, May
`29, 2013.
`"Application Brief the role of infrared microprobe analysis in
`forensic drug analysis," www.smithsdetection.com, Jun. 27, 2005.
`Jasco Application Note No. 200DR0188-E, "Rapid Identification of
`illegal drug using NIR (identification of MDMA tablet)", Sep. 4,
`2008.
`Palou, A. J. Cruz, M. Blanco, J. Tomas, J. De Los Rios, M. Alcala,
`"Determination of drug, excipients and coating distribution in
`pharmaceutical tablets using NIR-CI," Journal of Pharmaceutical
`Analysis, vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 90-97 (2012).
`Arnold, T., M. De Biasio, R. Leitner, "Near-Infrared Imaging
`Spectroscopy for Counterfeit Drug Detection," Next Generation
`Spectroscopic Technologies IV, edited by M.A. Druy, R.A. Crocombe,
`Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 8032, 80320Y-l to 7, (2011).
`Wedding, B.B., C. Wright, S. Grauf, R.D. White, "The application
`of near infrared spectroscopy for the assessment of avocado quality
`attributes," Infrared Spectroscopy-Life and Biomedical Sciences,
`pp. 211-230 (2011).
`Michaels, C.A., T. Masiello, P.M. Chu, "Fourier transform spec(cid:173)
`trometry with a near infrared supercontinuum source," Optical
`Society of America, CLEO/IQ EC Conference, paper CMDD6 (2009).
`Michaels, C.A., T. Masiello, P.M. Chu, "Fourier transform spec(cid:173)
`trometry with a near-infrared supercontinuum source," Applied
`Spectroscopy, vol. 63, No. 5, pp. 538-543 (2009).
`Moros,J., J. Kuligowski, G. Quintas, S. Garrigues, M. DeLa Guardia,
`"New cut-off criterion for uninformative variable elimination in
`multivariate calibration of near-infrared spectra for the determina(cid:173)
`tion of heroin in illicit street drugs," Analytica Chimica Acta, vol.
`630, pp. 150-160 (2008).
`Moros, J. N. Gallpienso, R. Vilches, S. Garrigues, M. DeLa Guardia,
`"Nondestructive direct determination of heroin in seized illicit street
`drugs by diffuse reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy," Analytical
`chemistry, vol. 80, No. 19, pp. 7257-7265 (Oct. 1, 2008).
`Roggo, Y. P. Chalus, L. Maurer, C. Lema-Martinez, A. Edmond, N.
`Jent, "A review of near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics in
`pharmaceutical technologies," Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio(cid:173)
`medical Analysis, vol. 44, pp. 683-700 (2007).
`Pojic, M. J. Mastilovic, N. Majcen, "The application of near infrared
`spectroscopy in wheat quality control," Infrared Spectroscopy(cid:173)
`Life and Biomedical Sciences, pp. 167-184 (2012).
`Reich, G. "Near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging: basic prin(cid:173)
`ciples and pharmaceutical applications," Advanced Drug Delivery
`Reviews, vol. 57, pp. 1109-1143 (2005).
`Rodionova, O.Y., L.P. Houmoller, A.L. Pomerantsev, P. Geladi, J.
`Burger, V.L. Dorofeyev, A.P. Arzamastsev, "NIR spectrometry for
`counterfeit drug detection: a feasibility study," Analytica Chimica
`Acta, vol. 549, pp. 151-158 (2005).
`Schneider, R.C., K.A. Kovar, "Analysis of ecstasy tablets: compari(cid:173)
`son of reflectance and transmittance near infrared spectroscopy,"
`Forensic Science International, vol. 134, pp. 187-195 (2003).
`Olsen, B.A., M.W. Borer, F.M. Perry, R.A. Forbes, "Screening for
`counterfeit drugs using near-infrared spectroscopy," Pharmaceutical
`Technology, pp. 62-71 (Jun. 2002).
`Scafi, S.H.F., C. Pasquini, "Identification of counterfeit drugs using
`near-infrared spectroscopy," Analyst, vol. 126, pp. 2218-2224 (2001).
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. – Ex. 1001, p. 5
`
`
`
`US 10,517,484 B2
`Page 6
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Sondermann, N., K.A. Kovar, "Identification of ecstasy in complex
`matrices using near-infrared spectroscopy," Forensic Science Inter(cid:173)
`national, vol. 102, pp. 133-147 (1999).
`Rambla, F.J., S. Garrigues, M. DeLa Guardia, "PLS-NIR determi(cid:173)
`nation of total sugar, glucose, fructose and sucrose in aqueous
`solutions of fruit juices," Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 344, pp.
`41-53 ( 1997).
`Bizheva, K, et al., "Compact, broad-bandwidth fiberlaserforsub-2-
`pm axial resolution optical coherence tomography in the 1300-nm
`wavelength region," Optics Letters, vol. 28, No. 9, May 1, 2003, pp.
`707-709.
`Wang, Yimin, et al., "Ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomog(cid:173)
`raphy by broadband continuum generation from a photonic crystal
`fiber", Optics Letters, vol. 28, No. 3, Feb. 1, 2003, pp. 182-184.
`Seefeldt, Michael, et al., "Compact white-light source with an
`average output power of 2.4 Wand 900 nm spectral bandwidth",
`Optics Communications 216, pp. 199-202.
`Xie, T.-Q., et al., "Detection of tumorigenesis in urinary bladder
`with optical coherence tomography: optical characterization of
`morphological changes", Optics Express, vol. 10, No. 24, Dec. 2,
`2002, 2003, pp. 1431-1443.
`Povazay, B., et al., "Submicrometer axial resolution optical coher(cid:173)
`ence tomography", Optics Letters, vol. 27, No. 20, Oct. 15, 2002,
`pp. 1800-1802.
`Kowalevicz, Andrew M., et al., "Ultrahigh resolution optical coher(cid:173)
`ence tomography using a superluminescent light source" Optics
`Express 349, vol. 10, No. 7, Apr. 8, 2002, pp. 349-353.
`Oughstun, Kurt E., "Influence of precursor fields on ultrashort pulse
`autocorrelation measurements and pulse width evolution", Optics
`Express, vol. 8, No. 8, Apr. 9, 2001, pp. 481-491.
`Li, Xingde, et al., "Imaging needle for optical coherence tomogra(cid:173)
`phy", Optics Letters, vol. 25, No. 20, Oct. 15, 2000, pp. 1520-1522.
`D' Amico, Anthony V., et al., "Optical Coherence Tomography as a
`Method for Identifying Benign and Malignant Microscopic Struc(cid:173)
`tures in the Prostate Gland", Basic Science, Urology 55 (5), 2000,
`pp. 783-787.
`Rollins, Andrew M., et al., "Real-time in vivo imaging of human
`gastrointestinal ultrastructure by use of endoscopic optical coher(cid:173)
`ence tomography with a novel efficient interferometer design",
`Optics Letters, vol. 24, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1999, pp. 1358-1360.
`De Boer, Johannes F., el al., "Determination of the depth-resolved
`Stokes parameters of light backscattered from turbid media by use
`of polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography", Optics
`Letters, vol. 24, No. 5; Mar. 1, 1999, pp. 300-302.
`Roggan, Andre, et al., "Optical Properties of Circulating Human
`Blood in the Wavelength Range 400-2500 NM", Journal of Bio(cid:173)
`medical Optics, vol. 4, No. 1, Jan. 1999, pp. 36-46.
`De Boer, Johannes F., et al., "Imaging thermally damaged tissue by
`polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography", Optics Express
`212, vol. 3, No. 6, Sep. 14, 1998, pp. 212-218.
`Tearney, Guillermo J., et al., "In vivo Endoscopic Optical Biopsy
`with Optical Coherence Tomography", Science, New Series, vol.
`276, Jun. 27, 1997, pp. 2037-2039.
`Soppart, Stephen A., et al., "Noninvasive assessment of the devel(cid:173)
`oping Xenopus cardiovascular system using optical coherence tomog(cid:173)
`raphy", Pree. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 94, Apr. 1997, pp.
`4256-4261.
`Boppart, Stephen A., et al., "Imaging developing neural morphol(cid:173)
`ogy using optical coherence tomography", Journal of Neuroscience
`Methods 70, 1996, pp. 65-72.
`Aaviksoo, J., et al., "Observation of optical precursors at pulse
`propagation in GaAs", Physical Review A, vol. 44, No. 9, Nov. 1,
`1991, pp. R5353-R5356.
`Harrington, James A., "Infrared Fiber Optics", OSAHandbook, vol.
`III, white paper, to be published by McGraw Hill, Undated, 13
`pages.
`Fedotova, 0., et al., "Supercontinuum generation in planar rib
`waveguides enabled by anomalous dispersion", Optics Express, vol.
`14, No. 4, Feb. 20, 2006, pp. 1512-1517.
`
`Moon, Sucbei, et al., "Generation of octave-spanning supercontinuum
`with I550-nm amplified diode-laser pulses and a dispersion-shifted
`fiber", Optics Express, vol. 14, No. 1, Jan. 9, 2006, pp. 270-278.
`Hagen, C. L., et al., "Generation of a Continuum Extending to the
`Midinfrared by Pumping ZBLAN Fiber With an Ultrafast 1550-nm
`Source", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 18, No. 1, Jan. 1,
`2006, pp. 91-93.
`Travers, J. C., et al., "Extended blue supercontinuum generation in
`cascaded holey fibers", Optics Letters, vol. 30, No. 23, Dec. 1, 2005,
`pp. 3132-3134.
`Schreiber, T., et al., "Supercontinuum generation by femtosecond
`single and dual wavelength pumping in photonic crystal fibers with
`two zero dispersion wavelengths", Optics Express, vol. 13, No. 23,
`Nov. 14, 2005, pp. 9556-9569.
`Genty, G., et al., "Supercontinuum generation in large mode-area
`microstructured fibers", Optics Express, vol. 13, No. 21, Oct. 17,
`2005, pp. 8625-8633.
`Lee, Ju Han, et al., "Continuous-wave supercontinuum laser based
`on an erbium-doped fiber ring cavity incorporating a highly non(cid:173)
`linear optical fiber", Optics Letters, vol. 30, No. 19, Oct. 1, 2005,
`pp. 2599-2601.
`International Search Report and Written Opinion for International
`Application No. PCT/US2013/075700 dated Apr. 24, 2014.
`International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International
`Application No. PCT/US2013/075700 dated Jul. 9, 2015.
`Ooi ET, Zhang XQ, Chen JH, Soh PH, Ng K, Yeo JH, "Non(cid:173)
`invasive glucose measurement using multiple laser diodes," Optical
`Diagnostic and Sensing VII, edited by Gerard L. Cote, Alexander V.
`Priezzhev, Proc. of SPIE vol. 6445, 64450K , (2007).
`Schulz, I., J. Putzger, A. Niklas, M. Brandt, A. Jager, A. Hardt, S.
`Knorzer, K.A. Hiller, S. Loftier, G. Schmalz, S.N. Danilov, S.
`Giglberger, M. Hirmer, S.D. Ganichev, G. Monkman, "PPG signal
`acquisition and analysis on in vitro tooth model for dental pulp
`vitality assessment," ARC Submission 16, (2012).
`Drexler, C., Hirmer, M., Danilov, S., Giglberger, S., Putzger, J.,
`Niklas, A., Jager, K, Hiller, K., Lof