III III 0 II0 II0 110 III 010 1101 II DID IIDI II DI II
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Ode et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.: (cid:9)
`(45) Date of Patent: (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`May 4, 2010
`
`(54) WIRELESS BASE STATION AND WIRELESS
`COMMUNICATION METHOD
`
`(75) Inventors: Takayoshi Ode, Kawasaki (JP); Hitoshi
`Yokoyama, Kawasaki (JP)
`
`(73) Assignee: Fujitsu Limited, Kawasaki (JP)
`
`(*) Notice: (cid:9)
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 994 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 11/387,963
`
`(22)
`
`Filed: (cid:9)
`
`Mar. 24, 2006
`
`(65) (cid:9)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2007/0121538 Al (cid:9)
`
`May 31, 2007
`
`(30) (cid:9)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`2002/0136176 Al (cid:9)
`2003/0002454 Al * (cid:9)
`2004/0131110 Al (cid:9)
`2005/0088960 Al * (cid:9)
`2005/0094552 Al (cid:9)
`2006/0013338 Al (cid:9)
`
`9/2002 Abeta et al .................. 370/335
`1/2003 Lee et al . (cid:9)
`.................... 370/328
`7/2004 Alard et al . (cid:9)
`................. 375/149
`4/2005 Suh et al ..................... 370/208
`5/2005 Abe et al . (cid:9)
`................... 370/208
`1/2006 Gore et al . (cid:9)
`.................. 375/324
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP (cid:9)
`JP (cid:9)
`JP (cid:9)
`JP (cid:9)
`
`1 542 488 Al
`08-223108 A
`11-112460 A
`2000-151548
`
`6/2005
`8/1996
`4/1999
`5/2000
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`European Search Report dated Apr. 4, 2007 (8 pages).
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Primary Examiner David Q Nguyen
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Myers Wolin, LLC
`
`Nov. 30, 2005 (cid:9)
`
`(JP) (cid:9)
`
`............................. 2005-345325
`
`(57) (cid:9)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04B 7/212 (cid:9)
`(2006.01)
`(52) U.S. Cl . ....................... 370/323; 370/208; 370/328;
`370/476
`(58) Field of Classification Search ................. 370/323,
`370/476, 328, 208
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56) (cid:9)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`A wireless base station that performs data communication
`using a plurality of sub carriers, and repeatedly generates
`frame patterns comprising one combination or more of at
`least two types of frames in which the number of common
`pilots in each is different, and transmits data for mobile ter-
`minals having poor receiving quality in a frame having a large
`number of common pilots, and transmits data for mobile
`terminals having good receiving quality in a frame having a
`small number of common pilots.
`
`7,180,913 B2 * (cid:9)
`
`2/2007 Benvenuti et al............ 370/476
`
`3 Claims, 27 Drawing Sheets
`
`BASE STATION
`BTS
`
`MOBILE STATION
`UE;
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`MEASUREMENT
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED-
`MEASUREMENT REQUEST
`
`MEASUREMENT-RESULT (cid:9)
`NOTIFICATION
`
`SET THE FRAME TO USED
`ACCORDING TO MOVEMENT SPEED
`
`NOTIFY OF FRAME USED
`
`SETTING-COMPLETE
`NOTIFICATION
`
`DATA COMMUNICATION
`
`TRANSMISSION-
`APPRATUS SETTING
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 1 of 39
`
`

`

` (HIGH-SPEED FRAME)
`
`FH
`
`(LOW-SPEED FRAME)
`
`(HIGH-SPEED FRAME)
`
` (LOW-SPEED FRAME)
`
`FL
`
`FH (cid:9)
`Y
`
`FL
`
`P^
`
`I
`
`FRAME (cid:9)
`
`FRAME (cid:9)
`
`= (cid:9)
`
`FRAME ---¤
`
`FRAME (cid:9)
`
`4 (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`FRPT
`
`(B)
`
`(HIGH-SPEED FRAME)
`
`(LOW-SPEED FRAME)
`
`(HIGH-SPEED FRAME)
`
`FH
`
`F1
`
`FH
`
`(LOW-SPEED FRAME)
`
`FL
`
`I-uI-IIiu-IIIiIv
`
`P-'
`
`^----- FRAME (cid:9)
`
`FRAME
`
`FRAME - -- .1.4 (cid:9)
`
`-► I (cid:9)
`
`FRAME (cid:9)
`
` If (cid:9)
`
`►
`
`FRPT
`
`FRPT (cid:9)
`
`(A)
`
`FIG.1
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 2 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 2 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIi2
`
`UE2 (cid:9)
`
`1 (cid:9)
`
`°
`
`UE3 (cid:9)
`
`° (cid:9)
`
`BTS1
`
`CL
`
`U
`
`UE5 (cid:9)
`
`
`
`F/GD 3
`
`Si (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`FL (cid:9)
`
`FH
`
`iii (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`FL (cid:9)
`
`FH (cid:9)
`
`FL
`
`P (cid:9)
`
`P P,
`
`P-
`
`
`
`/P
`
`P^
`
`P ^
`
`M-1
`
`0
`
`LOW-SPEED FRAME
`FL
`
`Y
`
`HIGH-SPEED FRAME
`FH
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 3 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 3 of 27
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIG.4
`
`1 (cid:9)
`
`2 (cid:9)
`
`3 (cid:9)
`
`4 (cid:9)
`
`......(cid:127)(cid:127)(cid:127)
`
`--- -- — — ---------------
`
`fo
`f1
`
`Fo (cid:9)
`
`f Lc
`N-1
`fN
`
`F1 Tf2N-1
`
`fu
`
`F2
`
`_-4----------------------1
`
` - ----------------
`- - ----
`
`
`
`f3N-1
`f3N
`
`Fn-1
`
`f(n-1)N
`
`f nN-1
`
`'I
`
`OFDM SYMBOL
`
`t
`
`1st MOBILE TERMINAL
`
`1
`
`2nd MOBILE TERMINAL
`
`3rd MOBILE TERMINAL
`
`nth MOBILE TERMINAL
`
`1
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 4 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`TRANSMISSION
`WIRELESS—
`
`UNIT
`
`25
`
`CD
`
`26
`
`TRANSMISSION—
`
`OFDM—
`24
`
`PROCESSING
`
`UNIT
`
`23
`
`i
`i (cid:9)
`r??1----------------^
`
`TRANSMISSION—DATA— (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`21 (cid:9)
`
`GENERATION UNIT
`FRAME—PATTERN— (cid:9)
`
`FIG.5
`
`MAPPING
`
`UNIT
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`Mux ENCODING MODULATION
`
`22c
`
`22a 22b (cid:9)
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`DATA— (cid:9)
`PROCESSING UNIT (cid:9)
`
`FRAME SETTING
`REQUEST
`MOVEMENT SPEED
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`USER DATA
`CONTROL DATA
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`3
`
`2
`
`1
`
`HIGH—SPEED
`
`GROUP
`
`LOW—SPEED
`
`GROUP
`
`TERMINAL
`
`NO.
`
`HIGH—SPEED—H
`LOW—SPEED/
`
`RETAINING UNIT
`
`30a
`
`30c (cid:9)
`
`'
`,''^
`
`; SETTING UNIT (cid:9)
`rFRAME—SELECTION/ (cid:9)
`
`I (cid:9)
`30-1 (cid:9)
`
`31 (cid:9)
`
`CREATION UNIT (cid:9)
`INFORMATION— (cid:9)
`TRANSMISSION— (cid:9)
`
`L______ROCESSINGUNIT J
`
`RECEIVED—DATA—
`
`RECEIVING UNIT
`
`WIRELESS—
`
`i (cid:9)
`' DEMODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`27
`
`28
`
`i (cid:9)
`UNIT (cid:9)
`DECODING (cid:9)
`^------- 29b --- 29a
`
`Dehux (cid:9)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA
`
`MOVEMENT—SPEED
`
`INFORMATION
`
`1
`
`JUDGMENT UNIT
`MOVEMENT—SPEED-
`
`' (cid:9)
`
`30b (cid:9)
`
`FRAME—CONTROL UNIT
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 5 of 39
`
`

`

`CONTROL INFORMATION
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA
`
`i
`I 45
`
`i
`
`--------------------------
`
`i PROCESSING UNIT (cid:9)
`TRANSMISSION—DATA— (cid:9)
`
`Mux
`
`ENCODING (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`45a
`
`45b
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`_
`MODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`46
`
`TRANSMISSION (cid:9)
`
`WIRELESS— (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`47 (cid:9)
`
`WIRELESS FORMAT
`MEASUREMENT REQUEST
`MOVEMENT—SPEED-
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`OL INFORMATION
`LINK TRANSMISSION DATA
`
`k-43
`
`RECEIVED—DATA-
`,1 (cid:9)
`
`PROCESSING
`
`UNIT
`
`43c
`
`t--------
`UNIT
`
`GENERATION (cid:9)
`SYMBOL—TIMING-
`
`43d (cid:9)
`
`43b
`
`43a (cid:9)
`
`F/C1 6
`
`'
`
`DEMODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`42
`
`RECEIVING (cid:9)
`WIRELESS— (cid:9)
`41 (cid:9)
`
`UNIT
`
`(cid:9)Li
`
`
`
`
`USED—FRAME-
`
`CONTROL
`
`UNIT
`
`--------------------- — i
`
`COMPUTATION
`
`UNIT
`CQI— (cid:9)
`
`I I (cid:9)
`
`MEASUREMENT (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`CIR (cid:9)
`
`43f (cid:9)
`
`-------- (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`SPEED—
`
`MEASUREMENT
`MOVEMENT—
`
`43e (cid:9)
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 6 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 6 of 27
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`BASE STATION
`BTS
`
`FIG.?
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED-
`MEASUREMENT REQUEST
`
`MEASUREMENT-RESULT
`NOTIFICATION
`
`MOBILE STATION
`UE;
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`MEASUREMENT
`
`SET THE FRAME TO USED
`ACCORDING TO MOVEMENT SPEED
`
`TRANSMISSION-
`APPRATUS SETTING
`
`NOTIFY OF FRAME USED
`
`SETTING-COMPLETE
`NOTIFICATION
`
`DATA COMMUNICATION
`
`FIG.8
`
`r---- 23b MAPPING UNIT (cid:9)
`
`23ao
`
`---1
`
`
`PILOT (cid:9)
`
`USER DATA (cid:9)
`
`m
`
`1st MAPPING UNIT
`23a t
`2nd MAPPING UNIT (cid:9)
`...... 23a„
`
`-t
`nth MAPPING UNIT
`
`
`
`fN ^ f2N-1
`
`
`
`
`
`24
`
`
`
`L1!
`
`23c
`DISTRIBUTING
`CONTROL UNIT (cid:9)
`Fi
`FH (cid:9)
`FL
`(------------------------- 1
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 7 of 39
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 7 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`F/GaO
`
`CODE-
`1 -----_ ' (cid:9)---
`
`DIVISION-
`:1 1 (cid:9)
`MAPPING UNIT
`' (cid:9) MULTIPLEXING I
`
`UNIT
`,II (cid:9)
`i i (cid:9)
`MLPP
`I
`
`23do
`
`23e
`
`PILOT'
`
`X33
`
`I
`
`
`
`i
`
`
`I
`
`33b
`
`
`
`
`
`,
`
`24
`
`I
`a o_
`^ z
`
`z ?
`
`¢ N
`
`U
`M O
`o ^
`0
`
`MLP1
`
`1st MAPPING UNIT ,
`
`III
`
`23d,
`
`I
`
`2nd MAPPING UNIT CI I
`
`23d ^-i ;II
`ICI
`
`nth MAPPING UNIT
`
`Iii
`; ii (cid:9)
`I;
`
`II
`
`,
`
`MLP„- 1
`
`I
`-r -33a
`
`CODE-COMPUTATION UNIT
`
`FL
`
`FH (cid:9)
`
`FL
`
`USER
`DATA
`
`I
`
`i
`
`?
`
`—°
`
`=
`°
`
`= °
`oc N z
`
`23f
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 8 of 39
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 8 of 27
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`W
`
`V
`m
`C')
`
`FIG. 10
`(A)
`
`I:..
`.n
`
`(B)
`
`(cid:127) PILOT (cid:9)
`0 DATA
`n=64 *000000000000 ...
`n=65 (cid:127)QQ(cid:127)000OQQ000 ...
`n=66 .00000.000000 ...
`
`o n=67 .00000000.000 ...
`m n=1
`(cid:127)00000000000(cid:127)
`(cid:127)oo(cid:127)000000000 ...
`n=2
`(cid:127)00000(cid:127)000000 ...
`C') n=3 .00000000soo0 ...
`n=4
`(cid:127)00000000000(cid:127)
`n=5
`(cid:127)OO.000000000 ...
`k=0
`
`n=0
`
`...
`
`SUB CARRIER
`
`00000(cid:127)
`00(cid:127)00(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00(cid:127)00(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00000(cid:127)
`00(cid:127)00(cid:127)
`k=1 704
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 9 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`

`

`RECEIVING UNIT
`
`WIRELESS-
`
`DEMODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`27
`
`28
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`29
`
`i-----------------L
`
`29b (cid:9)
`
`L----___ PROCESSING UNIT_;
`RECEIVED-DATA- i
`I (cid:9)
`i (cid:9)
`I (cid:9)
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`29a (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`I (cid:9)
`
`DeMux (cid:9)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL 4 (cid:9)
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA 4 (cid:9)
`
`USED-FRAME INFORMATION:— __ — - - _ SETTING UNIT !-30
`
`SELECTION/
`FRAME-
`
`TERMINAL LOW-SPEED HIGH-SPEED
`
`0
`O
`
`GROUP
`
`O
`GROUP (cid:9)
`
`3 (cid:9)
`2 (cid:9)
`1 (cid:9)
`NO. (cid:9)
`
`I^
`
`FRAME-CONTROL UNIT
`
`30a
`
`RETAINING UNIT
`
`+ (cid:9)
`
`I
`
`22c
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`WIRELESS-
`
`UNIT
`
`25
`
`26
`
`TRANSMISSION- (cid:9)
`
`PROCESSING
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`OFDM-
`24 (cid:9)
`
`23 (cid:9)
`
`MAPPING (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`i (cid:9)
`i
`,-22 (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`11
`
`FIG. (cid:9)
`
`MODULATION (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`21 (cid:9)
`
`TRANSMISSION-DATA- (cid:9)
`GENERATION UNIT
`FRAME-PATTERN- (cid:9)
`
`DATA- (cid:9)
`PROCESSING UNIT (cid:9)
`
`31 (cid:9)
`
`22a 22b
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`ENCODING (cid:9)
`
`INFORMATION- (cid:9)
`TRANSMISSION- (cid:9)
`-
`
`THRESHOLD VALU Vth (cid:9)
`FRAME-PATTERN TYPE i
`
`
`
`(cid:127) (cid:127)
`
`Mux (cid:9)
`
`- (cid:9)
`
`TRANSMISSION DATA (cid:9)
`
`DOWN LINK (cid:9)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL (cid:9)
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 10 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`CONTROL INFORMATION
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION
`
`USED FRAME
`
`48
`
`SELECTION/
`
`SETTING
`FRAME-
`
`UNIT
`
`THRESHOLD VALUE Vth
`FRAME-PATTERN TYPE
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`TRANSMISSION DATA
`DOWN LINK
`
` '
`
`
`
`45
`
`----------- -------------
`
`PROCESSING UNIT
`(TRANSMISSION-DATA-
`
`-----------------------
`
`Mux
`
`UNIT
`
`II ENCO DING (cid:9)
`45b
`
`45a
`
`COMPUTATION
`
`UNIT
`
`MEASUREMENT (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`43f
`
`V UE
`
`
`
`' (cid:9)
`I
`-----,
`
`r-------- (cid:9)
`UNIT
`SPEED- (cid:9)
`
`43e (cid:9)
`
`43d (cid:9)
`
`MEASUREMENT
`I (cid:9)
`MOVEMENT- (cid:9)
`
`MODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`46
`
`TRANSMISSION
`WIRELESS-
`7
`
`UNIT
`
`RECEIVED-DATA- F43
`
`PROCESSING
`
`UNIT
`
`GENERATION 43c (cid:9)
`SYMBOL-
`
`UNIT
`
`,
`
`I
`
`DeMux
`
`43b (cid:9)
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`43a (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`FIG. 12
`
`DEMODULATION (cid:9)
`42 (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`RECEIVING (cid:9)
`WIRELESS- (cid:9)
`41 (cid:9)
`
`UNIT
`
`40
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 11 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 11 of 27
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`F/6. 13
`
`BASE STATION BTS (cid:9)
`
`MOBILE STATION UE;
`
`FRAME-PATTERN TYPE,
`THRESHOLD VALUE NOTIFICATION
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`MEASUREMENT
`
`SET FRAME FH OR FL TO BE USED
`ACCORDING TO THE MEASUREMENT SPEED
`
`USED FRAME NOTIFICATION
`
`TRANSMISSION-
`APPARATUS SETTING
`
`SETTING COMPLETE NOTIFICATION
`
`DATA NOTIFICATION
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 12 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`

`

`WIRELESS
`27
`
`UN IT
`
`i (cid:9)
`I DEMODULATION
`I
`
`UNIT
`
`28
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`29a
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`29b (cid:9)
`
`DeMux (cid:9)
`
`------------------
`PROCESSING UNIT i
`i (cid:9)
`RECEIVED-DATA-
`i (cid:9)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA
`
`I (cid:9)
`
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`
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`UNIT
`
`FRAME-SELECTION/
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`31 (cid:9)
`
`I (cid:9)
`SETTING INFORMATION I (cid:9)
`WIRELESS-FORMAT-
`MOVEMENT-SPEED- (cid:9)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`----------------
`
`129
`
`(cid:9)— -- — -- —^
`T UNIT
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`
`SPEED-RETAINING
`LOW-SPEED/HIGH-
`SCHEDULER(cid:127)MEASUREMENT REQUEST !SETTING UNIT (cid:9)
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`51 f ---- ---------4-----_-1-------^ ____
`
`WIRELESS
`
`UNIT
`
`25
`
`PROCESSING (cid:9)
`TRANSMISSION- (cid:9)
`
`UNIT
`
`OFDM-
`24 (cid:9)
`
`UNIT
`MAPPING
`
`23
`
`MODULATION '
`
`UNIT
`DATA-
`22c
`
`ENCODING
`22b
`
`UNIT
`
`Mux (cid:9)
`
`BUFFER
`
`TRANSMISSION (cid:9)
`
`DOWN LINK
`
`DATA
`
`22a (cid:9)
`
`-f► (cid:9)
`1 (cid:9)
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`
`PROCESSING DATA
`TRANSMISSION-DATA- (cid:9)—I
`GENERATION UNIT_ _ f 22
`FRAME-PATTERN-
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`FRPT
`
`21 (cid:9)
`
`FIG. 14
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 13 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 13 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`F/GD 15
`
`Col
`
`NUMBER OF
`TBS BITS
`
`NUMBER OF
`CODES
`
`MODULATION
`TYPE
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`14
`
`15
`
`16
`
`17
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`29
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`30
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`137
`
`173
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`233
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`2583
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`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 14 of 39
`
`

`

`i
`i
`
`i
`1
`
`i
`
`i
`i
`i
`
`PRIORITY
`ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF
`PERFORM TRANSMISSION
`
`105
`
`ORDER OF PRIORITY
`METHOD ACCORDING TO THE
`SELECT THE MODULATION
`
`104
`
`-103 (cid:9)
`
`FROM THE COI VALUE
`PRIORITY FOR TRANSMISSION
`COMPUTE THE ORDER OF
`
`-
`
`
`
`I TRANSMIT A CONTROL SIGNAL AND DATA (cid:9)
`
`^^ (cid:9)
`
`SCHEDULING
`
`-102 (cid:9)
`
`USED FRAME
`TO THE FRAME TIMING AND
`TO TRANSMIT TO ACCORDING
`SELECT A MOBILE STATION
`
`_____J
`
`FRAME BEING USED
`NOTIFY OF COI AND
`
`COI MEASUREMENT
`
`UE'
`
`MOBILE STATION
`
`BTS (cid:9)
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`BASE STATION (cid:9)
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`F/6M16
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`101 "\
`
`FRAMED FROM EACH TERMINAL (cid:9)
`RECEIVE THE CDI AND USED
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 15 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`PROCESSING UNIT
`RECEIVED-DATA-
`
`WIRELESS
`27
`
`UNIT
`
`DEMODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`28
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`129a
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`DeMux (cid:9)
`
`29b (cid:9)
`
`---------------
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA
`
`USED FRAME
`
`jCQI
`
`0
`
`0
`
`3
`
`2
`
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`
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`
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`
`0
`GROUP
`
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`
`1
`NO.
`
`.^'^
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`-----------+- ---------^
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`25
`
`24
`
`23 (cid:9)
`
`26
`
`TRANSMISION
`WIRELESS-
`
`UNIT
`
`PROCESSING
`TRANSMISSION-
`
`OFDM-
`
`UNIT
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`MAPPING (cid:9)
`
`;
`
`ENCODING MODULATION (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`DATA- (cid:9)
`
`22c i (cid:9)
`-
`
`TRANSMISSION-DATA-
`
`PROCESSING UNIT
`
`22b (cid:9)
`
`FRPT
`
`21 (cid:9)
`
`FIG. 17
`
`GENERATION UNIT
`FRAME-PATTERN- (cid:9)
`
`129
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`
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`MOVEMENT-SPEED-
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`FRAME-CONTROL
`
`UNIT
`
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`
`30a RETAINING UNIT
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`MOVEMENT-SPEED, (cid:9)
`
`INFORMATION
`
`31 (cid:9)
`
`I (cid:9)
`
`CREATION UNIT (cid:9)
`INFORMATION-
`REQUEST/SETTING- (cid:9)
`MEASUREMENT- (cid:9)
`
`HIGH-SPEED-
`LOW-SPEED/
`30c (cid:9)
`
`(SETTING UNIT
`
`30--- — -- — -- --
`
`SETTING INFORMATION (cid:9)
`WIRELESS-FORMAT- (cid:9)
`MEASUREMENT REQUEST 'FRAME-SELECTION/ (cid:9)
`MOVEMENT-SPEED- (cid:9)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`Mux (cid:9)
`
`22a (cid:9)
`
`SORTING
`
`UNIT
`
`52
`
`SCHEDULER
`
`SCHEDULER
`LOW-SPEED
`
`SCHEDULER
`52b (cid:9)
`52a-1HIGH-SPEED
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL
`
`DOWN LINK
`
`BUFFER
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`51
`
`DATA (cid:9)
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 16 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`TRANSMISSION OF CONTROL
`
`SIGNAL AND DATA
`
`SCHEDULING
`
`SORT TERMINALS
`
`NOTIFY OF CQI AND USED FRAME
`
`20 /,
`
`TRANSMIT ACCORDING TO (cid:9)
`
`ORDER OF PRIORITY
`
`^
`
`202 (cid:9)
`
`ORDER OF PRIORITY
`METHOD ACCORDING TO (cid:9)
`SELECT THE MODULATION
`
`
`
`201
`
`I
`
`PRIORITY OF TRANSMISSION (cid:9)
`
`FROM THE CQI VALUE
`COMPUTE THE ORDER OF (cid:9)
`
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`
`COI
`
`MOBILE STATION
`
`UEi
`
`BASE STATION
`
`BTS
`
`F16.
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 17 of 39
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 17 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`i
`
`a
`
`AE
`
`ME
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`I-
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`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 18 of 39
`
`

`

`WIRELESS
`27
`
`UN IT
`
`DEMODULATION
`
`UNIT
`
`PROCESSING UNIT
`RECEIVED-DATA- i
`i (cid:9)
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`29b 29a i 28
`
`29 MOVEMENT-SPEED
`
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`MOVEMENT-SPEED-
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`FRAME-PATTERN-TYPE DATA
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`
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`61-d (cid:9)
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`UNIT
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`
`23 (cid:9)
`
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`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`I (cid:9)
`
`MODULATION (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`DATA-
`22c (cid:9)
`
`ENCODING (cid:9)
`22b (cid:9)
`
`
`
`Mux (cid:9)
`
`TRANSMISSION-DATA-
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`i (cid:9)
`22a (cid:9)
`-------------122--^
`21 FRPT
`
`GENERATION UNIT
`FRAME-PATTERN- (cid:9)
`
`FIG. 20
`
`------------------_--
`
`PROCESSING UNIT
`
`RAME SETTING
`FRAME PATTERN
`REQUEST
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`TRANSMISSION DATA
`DOWN LINK
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)F
`(cid:127)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL
`
`TYPE DATA
`FRAME-PATTERN-
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 19 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 19 of 27
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIG. 21
`
`BASE STATION
`BTS
`
`TERMINAL UE
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED-MEASUREMENT REQUEST
`
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`MEASUREMENT
`MEASUREMENT-RESULT NOTIFICATION
`
`COMPUTE LOW-SPEED TERMINAL/
`HIGH-SPEED TERMINAL RATIO
`
`SET FRAME-PATTERN TYPE
`NOTIFICATION AND USED FRAME
`
`FRAME-PATTERN TYPE NOTIFICATION
`
`USED-FRAME NOTIFICATION
`
`RESET TRANSMISSION
`APPARATUS
`
`SETTING-COMPLETE NOTIFICATION
`
`TA COMMUNICATI
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 20 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 20 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`P (cid:9)
`
`FREQUENCY (cid:9)
`
`FREQUENCY
`
`FREQUENCY
`G L
`
` GH
`
`FIG. 22
`
`USER 1 (TERMINAL 1)
`
`USER 2 (TERMINAL 2)
`
`USER 3 (TERMINAL 3)
`
`USER 4 (TERMINAL 4)
`
`FIG. 23
`
`FIG. 24
`
`P
`
`TIME
`
`ER
`.4 3
`.4 3
`.4 3
`.4
`3
`
`TIME
`
`FL
`
`I-Il 2ND LOW-SPEED
`
`USER
`1ST LOW-SPEED
`USER
`2ND HIGH-SPEED
`USER
`1ST HIGH-SPEED
`USER
`
`FH
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 21 of 39
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 21 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIG. 25
`
`FL
`A -
`
`I-i
`
`3RD LOW-SPEED
`USER
`2ND LOW-SPEED
`USER
`1ST LOW-SPEED
`USER
`1ST HIGH-SPEED
`USER
`
`FREQUENCY
`
`G L
`
`GH
`
`F H
`
`FIG. 26
`
`GL
`
`GH
`
`FL
`
`I-I
`
`1ST LOW-SPEED USER
`
`F H
`
`FIG. 27
`
`FOR LOW-SPEED MOVEMENT (cid:9)
`
`p
`
`P' (cid:9)
`
`P—
`
`FOR
`
`MOVEMENT
`
`i
`
`
`
`P' (cid:9)
`
`FOR LOW-SPEED MOVEMENT (cid:9)
`
`P
`
`1ST HIGH-SPEED USER
`
`2ND LOW-SPEED USER
`
`p ,
`
`2ND HIGH-SPEED USER
`
`1ST LOW-SPEED USER
`
`1ST HIGH-SPEED USER
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`P' (cid:9)
`
`p'
`
`P'
`
`FOR
`HIGH-SPEED: (cid:127) (cid:9)
`MOVEMENT
`
`P' (cid:9)
`
`P'
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 22 of 39
`
`

`

`PROCESSING UNIT J
`RECEIVED-DATA-
`i
`i (cid:9)
`' DEMODULATION
`i (cid:9)
`MOVEMENT-SPEED ' -------------- -^
`1 29
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`I Fn.ux (cid:9)
`i (cid:9)
`
`CONTROL SIGNAL (cid:9)
`UP LINK TRANSMISSION DATA (cid:9)
`
`INFORMATION (cid:9)
`
`TRANSMISSION
`WIRELESS-
`
`UNIT
`
`25
`
`26
`
`TRANSMISSION-
`
`PROCESSING
`
`UNIT
`
`OFDM-
`24
`
`22c
`
`22b (cid:9)
`
`MAPPING
`
`UNIT
`
`MODULATION (cid:9)
`
`UNIT
`DATA- (cid:9)
`
`ENCODING (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`Mux (cid:9)
`
`23
`
`i (cid:9)
`
`TRANSMISSION-DATA-
`
`PROCESSING UNIT (cid:9)
`
`22a (cid:9)
`
`i
`
`i (cid:9)
`
` FLPN
`FHPN
`FIG. 28
`
`_x22
`
`GENERATION UNIT
`FRAME-PATTERN-
`
`21 (cid:9)
`
`JUDGMENT UNIT
`80b MOVEMENT-SPEED-
`
`
`
`SETTING
` UNIT
`SUB-CARRIER-
`
`80a
`
`RETAINING UNIT
`SUB-CARRIER-
`
`80--I (cid:9)
`U (cid:9)
`
`gOc ,^/
`
`
`
` 'GROUP/SUB-CARRIER- (cid:9)
`
`31SETTING UNIT
`
`CREATION UNIT (cid:9)
`INFORMATION- (cid:9)
`TRANSMISSION-
`r-
`
`SETTING
`SUB-CARRIER
`REQUEST
`MOVEMENT-SPEED
`USER DATA-
`CONTROL DATA
`
`(cid:127)
`
`(cid:127)
`
`RECEIVING UNIT
`
`WIRELESS-
`
`27
`
`UNIT
`
`28
`
`0
`0
`
`CARRIER
`
`SUB
`
`HIGH-SPEED
`
`GROUP
`
`LOW-SPEED
`
`0
`GROUP
`
`TERMINAL
`
`3
`2
`1
`NO
`
`DECODING (cid:9)
`29a (cid:9)
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`29b (cid:9)
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 23 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`TRANSMISSION
`
`ANTENNA
`
`.7
`
`M-t
`
`M-1
`
`TX
`
`INSERTION I
`
`GI
`
`
`
`y0
`
`IFFT
`
`fi
`fo
`
`
`
`
`
`f2
`
`2
`
`Z_ m r
`m
`
`z a
`n m
`CO
`
`3
`
`2
`
`MULTIPLEXING
`
`UNIT
`
`TIME—
`
`PILOT
`
`USERAIN— li
`
`ODULATION
`
`UNIT (cid:9)
`
`DATA (cid:9)
`
`1
`
`CD
`
`F16. 29 PR/OR ART
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 24 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 24 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIG. 30 PR/OR ART
`^--- FRAME --- ►
`
`^
`
`USER DATA (cid:9)
`
`r: P :
`
`USER DATA (cid:9)
`
`r:: P :
`
`USER DATA (cid:9)
`
`r:: p
`
`----------
`
`2 1 4 3 2 1
`
`0
`1
`
`r:
`is
`
`is
`I.. ..
`
`r.
`
`r.
`
`I.'
`
`M-1
`
`USER DATA : (cid:9)
`28 x M SYMBOLS = (cid:9)
`OFDM SYMBOL (cid:9)
`
`PILOT
`4 x M SYMBOLS =
`4 OFDM SYMBOLS
`
`FIG. 31 PR/OR ART
`
`GI (cid:9)
`
`J oiJ
`
`
`
`COPY (cid:9)
`
`COPY
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 25 of 39
`
`

`

`PILOT
`
`ESTIMATION (cid:9)
`
`CHANNEL
`
`(cid:127)
`
`13
`
`SYNCHRONIZATION
`
`FFT TIMING
`
`10
`
`DATA
`DEMODULATED
`
`
`
`
`
`_______j___
`
`COMPENSATION (cid:9)
`
`CHANNEL
`
`14
`
`S^-1' (cid:9)
`: (cid:9)
`So
`
`FFT (cid:9)
`
`12 (cid:9)
`
`EXTRACTION (cid:9)
`
`SYMBOL (cid:9)
`
`11 (cid:9)
`
`Rx (cid:9)
`
`9 (cid:9)
`
`ANTENNA $
`RECEIVING
`
`F16. 32 PR/OR ART
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 26 of 39
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 26 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
`
`FIG. 33 PR/OR ART
`
`FREQUENCYT .(cid:127):
`
`P
`
`FRAME (cid:9)
`
`^ I
`
`DATA
`
`C DT (cid:9)
`
`pJ TIME?
`
`FIG. 34 PRIOR ART
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`DT (cid:9)
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`DT (cid:9)
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`DT (cid:9)
`
`p (cid:9)
`
`DT
`
`t
`
`F16. 35 PR/OR ART
`
`FRAME
`DT (cid:9)
`
`DT (cid:9)
`
`DT (cid:9)
`
`DT
`
`FREQUENCY t
`
`P (cid:9)
`
`P (cid:9)
`
`P
`
`P p TIME
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 27 of 39
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`(cid:9)
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`

`U.S. Patent (cid:9)
`
`May 4, 2010 (cid:9)
`
`Sheet 27 of 27 (cid:9)
`
`US 7,710,910 B2
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`F16. 36 PR/OR ART
`
`P
`
`PD (cid:9)
`
`PD (cid:9)
`
`PD (cid:9)
`) (cid:9)
`
`P
`/
`
`FORMAT EXAMPLE FOR HIGH-SPEED MOVEMENT
`
`J COMMON PILOT
`® DEDICATED PILOT
`DATA OR CONTROL SIGNAL
`E/ SPECIAL CONTROL SIGNAL
`
`(a)
`
`(b)
`
`FORMAT EXAMPLE FOR LOW-SPEED MOVEMENT
`
`Qualcomm Incorporated Ex. 1024
`Page 28 of 39
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`US 7,710,910 B2
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`1
`WIRELESS BASE STATION AND WIRELESS
`COMMUNICATION METHOD
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates to a wireless communication method
`and wireless base station, and more particularly to a wireless
`base station and wireless communication method that per-
`forms data communication using sub-carriers.
`In a Digital Terrestrial Television system or an OFDM
`communication system that uses OFDM (Orthogonal Fre-
`quency-Division Multiplexing), measurement of the receiv-
`ing power of the signal, controlling the receiving power, and
`channel estimation are performed using a time-division mul-
`tiplexed common pilot signal as the transmission signal.
`FIG. 29 is a drawing showing the construction of a trans-
`mission apparatus in an OFDM communication system,
`where a data-modulation unit 1 modulates the transmission
`data (user data or control data) using QPSK modulation, and
`converts the transmission data to a plurality of baseband
`signals (symbols) having an in-phase component and quadra-
`ture component. A time-division-multiplexing unit 2 per-
`forms time-division multiplexing of the pilots of a plurality of
`symbols in front of the data symbols. A serial-to-parallel
`converter 3 converts input data to parallel data of M symbols,
`and outputs M sub-carrier samples S o to SM ,. An IFFT (In-
`verse Fast Fourier Transform) unit 4 performs IFFT (inverse
`fast Fourier transformation) processing of the sub-carrier
`samples So to SM i that were input in parallel and combines
`them to output a discrete-time signal (OFDM signal). A
`guard-interval insertion unit 5 inserts a guard interval into the
`M symbol long OFDM signal that was input from the IFFT
`unit 4, and a transmission unit (TX) 6 performs DA conver-
`sion of the OFDM signal inserted with a guard interval, and
`converts the frequency of the OFDM signal from baseband to
`the wireless band, then performs high-frequency amplifica-
`tion and transmits the signal from an antenna 7.
`FIG. 30 is a drawing explaining the serial-to-parallel con-
`version, where a common pilot P is time multiplexed in front
`of one frame of transmission data. In the case where the
`common pilot per frame is 4xM symbols, and the transmis-
`sion data is 28xM symbols, the M symbols of the pilots are
`output from the serial-to-parallel converter 3 the first four
`times as parallel data, and after that the M symbols of the
`transmission data are output 28 times as parallel data. As a
`result, the pilots in one frame period can be time multiplexed
`on all of the sub carriers and transmitted 4 times, and on the
`receiving side the channel is estimated for each sub carrier
`using those pilots, and channel compensation (fading com-
`pensation) becomes possible. An OFDM symbol is config-
`ured with M symbols.
`FIG. 31 is a drawing explaining the insertion of guard
`intervals. Guard-interval insertion is copying the end section
`to the start section of an IFFT output signal that corresponds
`to M sub-carrier samples (=1 OFDM symbol). By inserting
`guard intervals GI, it is possible to do away with the effect of
`symbol interference due to a multipath.
`FIG. 32 is a drawing showing the construction of an OFDM
`receiving apparatus. The signal that is output from the trans-
`mission antenna 7 is received by the receiving antenna 8 of the
`receiving apparatus via a fading propagation path, and a
`receiving circuit (Rx) 9 converts the RF signal that was
`received from the antenna to a baseband signal, and performs
`AD conversion to convert that baseband signal to a digital
`signal, then an FFT timing synchronization circuit 10, which
`extracts the signal of a desired band from the signal after AD
`conversion, detects the FFT timing from a time domain signal
`
`5
`
`20 (cid:9)
`
`that includes the signal of the desired band that is output from
`the receiving circuit 9, and a symbol-extraction unit 11
`extracts the OFDM symbols at FFT timing and inputs them to
`an FFT unit 12. The FFT unit 12 performs FFT (fast Fourier
`transformation) processing for each extracted OFDM sym-
`bol, and converts the signal to frequency domain sub-carrier
`samples So' to SM 1 '. By calculating the correlation between
`the pilot symbols that were received during a set interval and
`a pre-known pilot pattern, a channel-estimation circuit 13
`io estimates the channel for each sub carrier, and a channel-
`compensation circuit 14 uses the estimated channel value to
`compensate for channel fluctuations of the data symbols. By
`the above processing, transmission data that is distributed by
`each sub carrier is demodulated. After that, the demodulated
`15 sub-carrier signals (not shown in the figure) are converted to
`serial data, and decoded. The example above is a process in
`which pilots are used in channel estimation, however, they
`can also be used in measuring the received signal power, SN
`ratio or the like.
`As shown in FIG. 33, when pilot symbols exist at only the
`start and/or end of a frame, the receiving power of the data
`between pilots is estimated by the receiving power of the
`pilots. As shown by the solid lineA in FIG. 34, when the speed
`of movement of a mobile station is slow, for example, walking
`25 speed (approximately 4 km/h), the time-variation interval of
`the received electric field intensity E becomes long, the varia-
`tion width becomes small, and sudden drops decrease, so it is
`easy to estimate the receiving power of the pilot symbols.
`However, as shown by the dashed line B in FIG. 34, when the
`30 speed of movement of a terminal is fast, the time-variation
`interval becomes short and the variation width becomes large.
`Furthermore, it becomes easy for sudden drops to occur. As a
`result, the precision of estimating the receiving power
`between pilot symbols decreases. Also, the channel estima-
`35 tion precision decreases, and since decoding and demodula-
`tion are performed using these poor estimation results, the
`quality of communication decreases. In other words, when
`moving at high speed, the channel estimation precision
`decreases and thus the communication quality and through-
`40 put decrease. A detailed case will be explained below.
`A case is presumed in which communication is performed
`with a base station having 100 terminals inside a cell, where
`50 of the terminals are moving at high speed, and the remain-
`ing 50 terminals are moving at low speed or are still. The
`45 channel estimation precision of the terminals moving at high
`speed decreases, as well as the quality of communication
`decreases and the transmission speed decreases. Here, sup-
`posing that it is not possible to maintain the required commu-
`nication quality for 25 of the high speed terminals, and the
`So transmission speedbecomes 0, the overall transmission speed
`throughput of the base station becomes 0.75. Hereupon it is
`assumed that the throughput is 1 when all of the terminals are
`moving at low speed or are still. In this way, when the interval
`between pilot symbols is long, the communication quality of
`55 terminals moving at high speed decreases, and the overall
`transmission speed (throughput) of the base station
`decreases.
`First Prior Art
`In regards to the problem described above, a method is
`feasible, as shown in FIG. 35, in which the interval between
`common pilot symbols is narrowed, and the number of pilot
`symbols is increased. However, in this method the following
`problems exist, so this method is not desirable.
`(1) The pilot symbols are common pilot symbols, so the
`number of symbols increases regardless of whether or not the
`terminal is moving at high speed.
`
`60 (cid:9)
`
`65 (cid:9)
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`US 7,710,910 B2
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`5
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`10
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`3
`(2) Data is decreased by the amount that pilot symbols are
`added, so the actual transmission speed decreases.
`A detailed example will be explained below.
`Supposing that the overall transmission speed of a wireless
`frame is 10 Mbps. Then here, the ratio between the normal
`number of pilot symbols and the number of data symbols is
`taken to be 0.1:0.7. The remaining 0.2 is the control signal.
`Therefore, the actual transmission speed is 7 Mbps.
`Next, as countermeasures for high-speed movement, the
`interval between pilot symbols is narrowed, and 2x the num-
`ber of pilot symbols are inserted. By doing this, the afore-
`mentioned ratio becomes 0.2:0.6, and the actual transmission
`speed drops to 6 Mbps. Therefore, even though some termi-
`nals may be moving at low speed, when pilots are added and
`inserted as a countermeasure for high-speed movement, the 15
`actual transmission speed becomes 1 Mbps (15%) less than 7
`Mbps. As described above, by simply just adding pilot sym-
`bols, a drop in actual transmission speed, as well as a decrease
`in throughput occurs. Therefore, the overall transmission
`speed (throughput) of the base station decreases. (cid:9)
`To handle this problem, a method has been proposed that
`performs variable control of the number pilot symbols
`according to the propagation environment (see JP 2000-
`151548A and JP 2005-027294A). This method measures the
`propagation environment, and performs control so that when 25
`the propagation environment is poor, it increases the number
`of pilots, and when it is good, decreases the number of pilots.
`However, the number of symbols is increased or decreased for
`each individual mobile station, so control is complicated.
`Particularly, there is a problem in that since the number of 30
`symbols is increased or decreased for each individual mobile
`station, scheduling control becomes difficult.
`Second Prior Art
`Also, in regards to terminals moving at high speed, as 35
`shown in (a) of FIG. 36, a method has been proposed in
`which, in addition to common pilots P, dedicated pilots PD are
`added between the common pilots (see JP 2001-197037A).
`However, in this method of inserting dedicated pilots, control
`must be performed of measuring the propagation environ- 40