`
`(12) Unlted States Patent
`(10) Patent No.:
`US 8,577,431 B2
`
`Lamego et al.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Nov. 5, 2013
`
`(54) NOISE SHIELDING FORA NONINVASIVE
`DEVICE
`
`(52) US. Cl.
`USPC ............ 600/310; 600/316; 600/322; 600/323
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Marcelo Lamego, Coto De Caza, CA
`(US); Sean Merritt, Lake Forest, CA
`(US); Cristiano Dalvi, Mission Viejo,
`CA (US); Hung Vo, Garden Grove, CA
`(US); Johannes Bruinsma, Mission
`Viejo, CA (US); Jeroen Poeze, Mission
`Viejo, CA (US); Ferdyan Lesmana,
`Irvine, CA (US); Greg Olsen, Trabuco
`Canyon, CA (US); Massi Joe E. Kiani,
`Laguna Niguel, CA (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Cercacor Laboratories, Inc., Irvine, CA
`(US)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 918 days.
`
`EP
`WO
`W0
`
`(58) Field Of Classification Search
`USPC ......... 600/310, 316, 322, 323, 344, 473, 476,
`600/326; 356/41
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
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`(21) Appl.No.: 12/497,528
`
`(22)
`
`(65)
`
`Filed:
`
`Jul. 2, 2009
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2010/0004519 A1
`
`Jan. 7, 2010
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 29/323,409,
`filed on Aug. 25, 2008, now Pat. No. Des. 621,516,
`which is a continuation-in—part of application No.
`29/323,408, filed on Aug. 25, 2008, now Pat. No. Des.
`606,659.
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`4, 2008, provisional
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`filed on Aug. 25, 2008.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`A6IB 5/1455
`
`(2006.01)
`
`International Search Report issued in Application No. PCT/US2009/
`052756, mailed Feb. 10, 2009 in 14 pages.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner 7 Eric Winakur
`Assistant Examiner 7 Chu Chuan (JJ) Liu
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm 7 Knobbe Martens Olson &
`Bear LLP
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A noninvasive physiological sensor for measuring one or
`more physiological parameters of a medical patient can
`include a bump interposed between a light source and a pho-
`todetector. The bump can be placed in contact with body
`tissue of a patient and thereby reduce a thickness of the body
`tissue. As a result, an optical pathlength between the light
`source and the photodetector can be reduced. In addition, the
`sensor can include a heat sink that can direct heat away from
`the light source. Moreover, the sensor can include shielding in
`the optical path between the light source and the photodetec-
`tor. The shielding can reduce noise received by the photode-
`tector.
`
`21 Claims, 43 Drawing Sheets
`
`/71 450
`
`
`
`APPLE 1038
`
`1
`
`APPLE 1038
`
`
`
`US 8,577,431 B2
`
`Page 2
`
`(56)
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`2/2012
`2/2012
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`3/2012
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`
`Al Ali et al.
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`
`........ 600/322
`
`................. 600/323
`
`................... 600/323
`
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`No. PCT US2009/049638, mailed Jan. 5, 2011 in 9 pages.
`http://www.masimo .com/rainbow/pronto .htrn Noninvasive & Imme-
`diate Hemoglobin Testing, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://www.masimo.com/pulserimeter/Rad5.htrn; Signal Extrac-
`tion Pulse Oximeter, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://blogderoliveira.blogspot.com/2008i02i0liarchivehtml;
`Ricardo Oliveira, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`
`B2
`B2
`B2
`B2
`B2
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`
`SB
`
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`7,596,398
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`D609,193
`7,657,294
`7,657,295
`7,657,296
`D614,305
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`7,734,320
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`7,761,128
`7,764,982
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`7,791,155
`7,801,581
`7,822,452
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`7,844,313
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`7,865,222
`7,873,497
`7,880,606
`7,880,626
`7,891,355
`7,894,868
`7,899,507
`7,899,518
`7,904,132
`7,909,772
`7,910,875
`7,919,713
`7,937,128
`7,937,129
`7,937,130
`7,941,199
`7,951,086
`7,957,780
`7,962,188
`7,962,190
`7,976,472
`7,988,637
`7,990,382
`7,991,446
`8,000,761
`8,008,088
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`8,019,400
`8,028,701
`8,029,765
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`8,046,040
`8,046,041
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`8,048,040
`8,050,728
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`8,118,620
`8,126,528
`8,128,572
`8,130,105
`8,145,287
`8,150,487
`8,175,672
`8,180,420
`8,182,443
`8,185,180
`
`4
`
`
`
`US 8,577,431 B2
`Page 5
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
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`http://www.masimo.com/rad-57/; Noninvasive Measurement of
`Methemoglobin, Carboxyhemoglobin and Oxyhemoglobin in the
`blood. Printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://amivital.ugr.es/blog/?tag+spo2; Monitorizacion
`hemoglobina .
`.
`. y mucho mas, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://www.masimo.com/spco/; Carboxyhemoglobin Noninvasive >
`Continuous > Immediate, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`
`de
`
`la
`
`http://www.masimo .com/PARTNERS/WELCHALLYN.htm; Welch
`Allyn Expands Patient Monitor Capabilities with Masimo Pulse
`Oximetry Technology, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://www.masimo.com/pulserimeter/PPO.htm; Masimo Per-
`sonal Pulse Oximeter, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`http://www.masimo.com/generalFloor/system.htm; Masimo Patient
`SafetyNet System at a Glance, printed on Aug. 20, 2009.
`European Office Action issued in application No. 107639015 on Jan.
`1 1, 2013.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`5
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`U.S. Patent
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`Nov. 5, 2013
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`Sheet 26 of 43
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`US 8,577,431 B2
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`Nov. 5, 2013
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`Sheet 27 of 43
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`NOV. 5, 2013
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`Sheet 28 of 43
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`Sheet 32 of 43
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`Sheet 33 of 43
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`Sheet 34 of 43
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`US 8,577,431 B2
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`1
`NOISE SHIELDING FORA NONINVASIVE
`DEVICE
`
`RELATED APPLICATIONS
`
`This application claims the benefit of priority under 35
`U.S.C. §ll9(e) of the following US. Provisional Patent
`Applications:
`
`2
`
`light detector. For example, noninvasive sensors often include
`a clothespin—shaped housing that includes a contoured bed
`conforming generally to the shape of a finger. The contoured
`bed positions the finger for measurement and attempts to
`stabilize it.
`
`Unfortunately, this type of contour cannot be ideal, espe-
`cially for measuring blood constituents like glucose.
`
`Attorney Docket
`)
`M
`JM.002 {
`
`A3p. No.
`
`Filing
`Date
`
`Title
`
`6 /086,060
`
`6 /086,108
`
`6 /086,063
`
`6 /086,057
`
`6 /078,228
`
`6 /078,207
`
`6 /091,732
`
`
`
`Aug. 4, 2008
`
`Aug. 4, 2008
`
`Aug. 4, 2008
`
`Aug. 4, 2008
`
`Jul. 3, 2008
`
`Jul. 3, 2008
`
`Aug. 25, 2008
`
`Multi-Strearn Data Collection System For
`Non-Invasive Measurement of Glucose
`and Other Analytes
`Multi-Strearn Sensor Front Ends for
`Noninvasive Measurement of Glucose
`and Other Analytes
`Multi-Strearn Detector For Noninvasive
`Measurement Of Glucose And Other
`Analytes
`Multi-Strearn Emitter For Noninvasive
`Measurement Of Glucose And Other
`Analytes
`Noise Shielding ForA Non-Invasive
`Device
`Contoured Protrusion for Improving
`Spectroscopic Measurement ofBlood
`Constituents
`Sensor For Improving Measurement Of
`Blood Constituents
`
`This application also claims the benefit ofpriority under 35
`U.S.C. §l20 as a continuation-in-part of the following US.
`Design Patent Applications:
`
`App. No.
`
`Filing
`Date
`
`Title
`
`Attorney Docket
`
`29/323,409
`
`Aug. 25, 2008
`
`29/323,408
`
`Aug. 25, 2008
`
`Patient Monitoring MLHUM.009DA
`Sensor
`Patient Monitor
`
`MLHUM.010DA
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`
`
`JM.003
`
`JM.004
`
`JM.005
`
`JM.006
`
`JM.007
`
`JM.011
`
`)
`
`)
`
`)
`
`)
`
`)
`
`)
`
`
`
`SUMMARY
`
`This disclosure describes embodiments of noninvasive
`
`methods, devices, and systems for measuring a blood analyte,
`such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, methemoglobin,
`total
`hemoglobin, glucose, proteins, glucose, lipids, a percentage
`thereof (e.g., saturation) or for measuring many other physi-
`ologically relevant patient characteristics. These characteris-
`tics can relate, for example, to pulse rate, hydration, trending
`information and analysis, and the like. In certain embodi-
`ments, a noninvasive sensor interfaces with tissue at a mea-
`surement site and deforms the tissue in a way that increases
`signal gain in certain desired wavelengths. In an embodiment,
`a protrusion can be provided in a finger bed of a noninvasive
`sensor for a patient’ s finger. The protrusion can reduce tissue
`thickness, thereby sometimes increasing signal gain by tens
`of times or even more. This protrusion can include different
`sizes and shapes depending on the tissue site and the desired
`blood analyte to be measured.
`In disclosed embodiments, the protrusion is employed in
`noninvasive sensors to assist in measuring and detecting vari-
`ous analytes. The disclosed noninvasive sensor can also
`include, among other things, emitters and detectors posi-
`tioned to produce multi-stream sensor information. The non-
`invasive sensor can have different architectures and can
`
`include or be coupled to other components, such as a display
`device, a network interface, and the like. The protrusion can
`be employed in any type of noninvasive sensor.
`In certain embodiments, a noninvasive physiological sen-
`sor for measuring one or more physiological parameters of a
`medical patient can include a bump interposed between a
`light source and a photodetector. The bump can be placed in
`contact with body tissue of a patient and thereby reduce a
`thickness ofthe body tissue. As a result, an optical pathlength
`between the light source and the photodetector can be
`reduced. In addition, the sensor can include a heat sink that
`
`49
`
`The foregoing applications are hereby incorporated by ref-
`erence in their entirety.
`
`45
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`The standard of care in caregiver environments includes
`patient monitoring through spectroscopic analysis using, for
`example, a pulse oximeter. Devices capable of spectroscopic
`analysis generally include a light source(s) transmitting opti-
`cal radiation into or reflecting offa measurement site, such as,
`body tissue carrying pulsing blood. After attenuation by tis-
`sue and fluids of the measurement site, a photodetection
`device(s) detects the attenuated light and outputs a detector
`signal(s) responsive to the detected attenuated light. A signal
`processing device(s) process the detector(s) signal(s) and out-
`puts a measurement indicative of a blood constituent of inter-
`est, such as glucose, oxygen, met hemoglobin, total hemo-
`globin, other physiological parameters, or other data or
`combinations of data useful in determining a state or trend of
`wellness of a patient.
`In noninvasive devices and methods, a sensor is often
`adapted to position a finger proximate the light source and
`
`50
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`55
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`60
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`65
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`49
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`US 8,577,431 B2
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`3
`can direct heat away from the light source. Moreover, the
`sensor can include shielding in the optical path between the
`light source and the photodetector. The shielding can reduce
`noise received by the photodetector.
`For purposes of summarizing the disclosure, certain 5
`aspects, advantages and novel features of the inventions have
`been described herein. It is to be understood that not neces-
`
`sarily all such advantages can be achieved in accordance with
`any particular embodiment ofthe inventions disclosed herein.
`Thus, the inventions disclosed herein can be embodied or
`carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advan-
`tage or group of advantages as taught herein without neces-
`sarily achieving other advantages as can be taught or sug-
`gested herein.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Throughout the drawings, reference numbers can be re-
`used to indicate correspondence between referenced ele- 20
`ments. The drawings are provided to illustrate embodiments
`of the inventions described herein and not to limit the scope
`thereof.
`
`4
`
`FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of some of the compo-
`nents that may include an embodiment of a sensor, according
`to an embodiment of the disclosure;
`FIG. 12 illustrates an example detector portion that may be
`employed in an embodiment of a sensor, according to an
`embodiment of the disclosure;
`FIG. 13 illustrates an example multi-stream operation of
`the system of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the
`disclosure;
`FIG. 14A illustrates another example detector portion hav-
`ing a partially cylindrical protrusi