`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_______________
`
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`_______________
`
`RIMFROST AS
`
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`AKER BIOMARINE ANTARCTIC AS
`
`Patent Owner
`_______________
`
`Case No.: IPR2020-01533
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`Issue Date: November 14, 2017
`
`Title: Bioeffective Krill Oil Compositions
`
`_______________
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`
`UNDER 35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319 AND 37 C.F.R. § 42.1 ET SEQ.
`
`
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`I.
`INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
`II. MANDATORY NOTICES ............................................................................ 3
`A.
`Real parties-in-interest ......................................................................... 3
`B.
`Related matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2)) ............................................. 3
`C.
`Counsel (37 C.F.R. §§ 42.8(b)(3) and 42.10(a)) .................................. 7
`D.
`Service information (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4)) ...................................... 8
`PATENT OFFICE FEES ................................................................................ 9
`III.
`IV. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW ........... 9
`A. Grounds for Standing (37 C.F.R. § 42.104(a)) .................................... 9
`B.
`Level or Ordinary Skill in the Art ........................................................ 9
`C.
`Identification of Challenge and Relief Requested
`(37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b) and 37 C.F.R. § 42.22(a)(1)) ........................ 10
`1.
`Claims for which Inter Partes Review is Requested
`(37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(2)) ....................................................... 10
`Specific Statutory Grounds on which the Challenge is
`Based (37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(2)) ............................................10
`Earliest Effective Priority Date ................................................11
`3.
`Prior Art References ................................................................11
`4.
`Claim Construction – Ordinary and Customary Meaning
`(37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(3)) .................................................................13
`35 U.S.C. § 325(d) Does Not Preclude This Petition ........................14
`
`2.
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`D.
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`E.
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`V.
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`SUMMARY OF THE ‘046 PATENT ..........................................................15
`A.
`State of the Art ...................................................................................15
`B.
`Prior Art ..............................................................................................19
`1.
`Breivik II (Exhibit 1037) .........................................................19
`2.
`Yoshitomi (Exhibit 1033) ........................................................ 21
`3.
`Budziński (Exhibit 1008) ......................................................... 22
`4.
`Fricke (Exhibit 1010) ............................................................... 23
`5.
`Bottino II (Exhibit 1038) .........................................................24
`6.
`Randolph (Exhibit 1011) .......................................................... 26
`7.
`Sampalis I (Exhibit 1012) ........................................................27
`Background of the ‘046 Patent ...........................................................28
`Prosecution History of the ‘046 Patent ..............................................29
`Construction of the ‘046 Patent Claim Terms ....................................32
`1.
`Claims 1 and 13 – “krill oil” ....................................................33
`2.
`Claims 1 and 13 – “polar solvent” ...........................................33
`3.
`Claims 1 and 13 – “astaxanthin ester” .....................................34
`4.
`Claims 1 and 13 – “krill meal” ................................................ 35
`5.
`Claims 1 and 13 – “destroy the activity of lipases and
` phospholipases” .......................................37
`
`C.
`D.
`E.
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`VI. COLLATERAL ESTOPPEL PRECLUDES PATENT OWNER
`FROM ADVANCING THE SAME PATENTABILITY
`ARGUMENTS REJECTED IN 877 FWD, 905 FWD, 765 FWD,
`453 FWD AND 752 FWD ............................................................................38
`VII. EACH GROUND PROVIDES MORE THAN A REASONABLE
`LIKELIHOOD THAT EACH CLAIM OF THE ‘046 PATENT IS
`UNPATENTABLE .......................................................................................40
`A. Ground 1: § 103(a) – Breivik II, Yoshitomi, Budziński, Fricke,
`Bottino II, Sampalis I [Claims 1-10] ..................................................41
`1.
`Claim 1 .....................................................................................41
`(a)
`The method steps of claim 1 ..........................................42
`(i)
`Obtaining krill meal by treating krill to destroy
`the activity of lipases and phospholipases ..........42
`Storing krill meal .................................................44
`(ii)
`(iii) Extracting krill oil with a polar solvent ...............45
`(b) Krill oil with greater than 30% phosphatidylcholine
`and astaxanthin esters ....................................................45
`Claim 2 .....................................................................................46
`Claim 3 .....................................................................................47
`Claim 4 .....................................................................................47
`Claim 5 .....................................................................................48
`Claim 6 .....................................................................................48
`Claim 7 .....................................................................................49
`Claim 8 .....................................................................................49
`
`2.
`3.
`4.
`5.
`6.
`7.
`8.
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`B.
`
`C.
`
`Claim 9 .....................................................................................50
`9.
`10. Claim 10 ...................................................................................50
`Ground 2: § 103(a) – Breivik II, Yoshitomi, Budziński, Fricke,
`Bottino II and Randolph [Claims 11-12] ...........................................57
`1.
`Claims 11-12 ............................................................................57
`Ground 3: § 103(a) – Breivik II, Budziński, Fricke, Yoshitomi,
`Bottino II, Randolph and Sampalis I [Claims 13-19] ........................60
`1.
`Claim 13 ...................................................................................60
`(a)
`The method steps of claim 12 ........................................ 61
`(i)
`Obtaining Euphausia superba krill meal by
`treating to destroy the activity of lipases and
`phospholipases .....................................................61
`Storing krill meal .................................................62
`(ii)
`(iii) Extracting krill oil with a polar solvent ...............62
`Claim 14 ...................................................................................64
`2.
`Claim 15 ...................................................................................64
`3.
`Claim 16 ...................................................................................65
`4.
`Claim 17 ...................................................................................65
`5.
`Claim 18 ...................................................................................65
`6.
`Claim 19 ...................................................................................66
`7.
`CLAIM CHART .................................................................................69
`D.
`VIII. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................89
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`IX. Certificate of Compliance .............................................................................90
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`APPENDIX OF EXHIBITS
`
`EXHIBIT NO. EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION
`1001
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046, issued November 14, 2017.
`
`1002
`
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/024,072, filed
`January 28, 2008 (‘072 Provisional).
`
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/983,446, filed
`October 29, 2007 (‘446 Provisional).
`
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/975,058, filed
`September 25, 2007 (‘058 Provisional).
`
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/920,483, filed
`March 28, 2007 (‘483 Provisional).
`
`Declaration of Stephen Tallon.
`
`Bottino, N.R., “The Fatty Acids of Antarctic Phytoplankton and
`Euphausiids. Fatty Acid Exchange among Trophic Levels of the
`Ross Sea,” 1974, Marine Biology, 27, 197-204 (Bottino I).
`
`Budziński, E., P. Bykowski and D. Dutkiewicz, 1985,
`Possibilities of processing and marketing of products made
`from Antarctic krill. FAO Fish.Tech. Pap., (268):46,
`(Budzinski).
`
`Catchpole and Tallon, WO 2007/123424, published November
`1, 2007, “Process for Separating Lipid Materials,” (Catchpole).
`
`- iv -
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`
`1003
`
`
`1004
`
`
`1005
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`1006
`
`1007
`
`
`1008
`
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`1009
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`
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`
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`1010
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`
`1011
`
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`1012
`
`
`1013
`
`
`1014
`
`1015
`
`
`1016
`
`1017
`
`
`1018-1019
`
`
`
`Fricke et al., “Lipid, Sterol and Fatty Acid Composition of
`Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba Dana),” LIPIDS
`19(11):821-827 (1984) (Fricke I).
`
`Randolph, et al., U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
`US/2005/0058728 A1, “Cytokine Modulators and Related
`Method of Use” (Randolph).
`
`Sampalis [I] et al., “Evaluation of the Effects of Neptune Krill
`Oil™ on the Management of Premenstrual Syndrome and
`Dysmenorrhea” Altern. Med. Rev. 8(2):171-179 (2003)
`(Sampalis I).
`
`Sampalis [II] et al.,WO 2003/011873, published February 13,
`2003, “Natural Marine Source Phospholipids Comprising
`Flavonoids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their
`Applications” (Sampalis II).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Tanaka et al., “Extraction of Phospholipids from Salmon Roe
`with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and an Entrainer”, Journal of
`Oleo Science Vol. 53 (2004) No. 9, p.17-424 (Tanaka 2004).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Folch et al., “A simple method for the isolation and purification
`of total lipides from animal tissues”, J. Biol. Chem. (1957) 226:
`497-509 (Folch).
`
`Reserved.
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`1020
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`
`1021-1023
`
`
`1024
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`
`
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`
`
`
`
`
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`1025-1026
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`1027
`
`
`1028
`
`
`1029
`
`1030
`
`
`1031
`
`
`
`Bunea, et al., “Evaluation Of The Effects Of Neptune Krill Oil
`On The Clinical Course Of Hyperlipidemia”, Altern Med Rev.
`2004; 9:420–428 (Bunea).
`
`Reserved.
`
`File History to U.S. Patent No. 9,034,388 B2, Serial No,
`12/057,775 (‘388 File History)
`1024 Part 1 - Pages 1-450
`1024 Part 2 - Pages 451-900
`1024 Part 3 - Pages 901-1350
`1024 Part 4 - Pages 1351-1800
`1024 Part 5A - Pages 1801-2025
`1024 Part 5B - Pages 2026-2250
`1024 Part 6 - Pages 2251-2700
`1024 Part 7 - Pages 2701-3083
`1024 Part 8 - Pages 3084-3223.
`
`
`
`
`
`Reserved.
`
`Saether et al., “Lipolysis post mortem in North Atlantic krill”.
`Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Vol. 83B, No. 1, pp. 51-55, 1986
`(Saether).
`
`Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary, p. 893, 13th
`ed.,1997 (Hawley’s)
`
`Reserved.
`
`Tehoharides, U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
`US/2006/0013905 A1, “Anti-Inflammatory Compositions For
`Treating Multiple Sclerosis” (Tehoharides).
`
`Reserved.
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`1032
`
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`1033
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`1034
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`1035
`
`
`1036
`
`
`1037
`
`
`1038
`
`
`1039
`
`
`1040-1042
`
`
`
`Grantham, G.J., “The Utilization Of Krill”, UNDP/FAO
`Southern Ocean Fisheries Survey Programme (1977)
`(Grantham).
`
`Yoshitomi, U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
`US/2003/0113432 A1, “Process For Making Dried Powdery
`and Granular Krill” (Yoshitomi).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Breivik, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
`2010/0143571 A1, “Process for Production of Omega-3 Rich
`Marine Phospholipids from Krill” (Breivik I).
`
`Breivik, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/859,289,
`“Processes for production of omega-3 rich marine
`phospholipids from krill”, filed November 16, 2006 (Breivik
`‘289 Provisional, Breivik III).
`
`Breivik, WO 2008/060163 A1, “Process for Production of
`Omega-3 Rich Marine Phospholipids from Krill,” International
`filing date November 15, 2007 (Breivik II).
`
`Bottino, N.R., “Lipid Composition of Two Species of Antarctic
`Krill: Euphausia Superba and E. Crystallorophias”, Comp.
`Biochem. Physiol., 1975, Vol. 50B, pp. 479 to 484 (Bottino II).
`
`Grynbaum, M., et al. “Unambiguous detection of astaxanthin
`and astaxanthin fatty acid esters in krill (Euphausia superba
`Dana)”, J. Sep. Sci., 28, 1685–1693 (2005).
`
`Reserved.
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`1043
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`1044-1046
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`1047
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`1048-1053
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`1054
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`1055
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`
`
`
`
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`1056-1058
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`1059
`
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`1060-1062
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`
`
`Bruheim, U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
`US2008/0274203 A1, published November 6, 2008 (this is the
`publication of patent application serial no. 12/057,775 which
`issued as U.S. Patent No. of 9,034,388).
`
`Reserved.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,034,388 B2, filed May 28, 2008 (‘388
`Patent).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Notice of Commission Determination ending Investigation 337-
`TA-1019, dated May 23, 2017.
`
`File History to U.S. Patent No. 9,375,453 B2, Serial No,
`14/020,162 (‘453 File History)
`
`1055 Part 1 - Pages 1-400
`1055 Part 2 - Pages 401-800
`1055 Part 3 - Pages 801-1109
`
`
`
`Markman Order (Public Version), Order 13, U.S. International
`Trade Commission, In the Matter of Certain Krill Oil Products
`and Krill Meal for Production of Krill Oil Products, Inv. No.
`337-TA-1019, dated April 13, 2017.
`
`Reserved.
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`1063
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`File History to U.S. Patent No. 9,644,170 B2, Serial No,
`15/180,439 (‘170 File History)
`1063 Part 1 - Pages 1-400
`1063 Part 2 - Pages 401-800
`1063 Part 3 – Pages 801-1107.
`
`Reserved.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,375,453 B2, filed September 6, 2013 (‘453).
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,028,877 B2, filed September 18, 2014 (‘877).
`
`Krill Bill Bottle and Capsules from IRL.
`
`Krill Bill Online Purchase Order and Specification Pages from
`2006 (https://web.archive.org/web/20060715103715/http://
`www.krillbill.com:80/purchase.htm;
`https://web.archive.org/web/20060715103809/http://www.krillb
`ill.com/profile.htm). See Exhibit 1076.
`
`Antarctica Select Krill Oil Online Literature and Purchase
`Order Form and linked FDA webpage from 2006
`(https://web.archive.org/web/20060816050841/http://www.aqu
`asourceproducts.com:80/store/;
`https://web.archive.org/web/20060816051010/http://www.aqua
`sourceproducts.com:80/krill_oil.html;
`https://web.archive.org/web/20060506115548/
`http://www.aquasourceproducts.com:80/resources.html?osCsid
`=aee4bb3df08470be3a75bc598448dabc;
`https://web.archive.org/web/20060513152744/http://vm.cfsan.f
`da.gov/~dms/ds-oview.html). See Exhibit 1076.
`
`
`
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`1064-1066
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`1067
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`1068
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`1069
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`1070
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`1071
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`1072
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`1073-1074
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`1075
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`1076
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`1077
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`1078-1079
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`1080
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`
`
`Chen, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US
`2008/0021000 A1, for “Mixtures of and Methods of Use for
`Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Containing Phospholipids and
`Alkyl Ether Phospholipids Species”, filing date July 19, 2006,
`publication date January 24, 2008.
`
`Reserved.
`
`Neptune, GRAS Notice [No. GRN 000242] for “High
`Phospholipid Krill Oil”
`https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/IngredientsPackagingLab
`eling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm269133.pdf, dated January
`18, 2008 and filed by the FDA February 4, 2008 (Neptune
`GRAS); see also https://wayback.archive-
`it.org/7993/20170607013925/https://www.fda.gov/downloads/F
`ood/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/UC
`M269133.pdf.
`
`Affidavit of Christopher Butler, Office Manager of Internet
`Archive, dated November 8, 2017, for Rimfrost Exhibits 1070
`and 1071, regarding Krill Bill, Aquasource and FDA related
`webpages from 2006.
`
`Pure Encapsulations online literature for its Krill-plex NKO™
`product, webpage from August 19, 2004.
`https://web.archive.org/web/20040819183137/www.purecaps.c
`om/itemdy00.asp?T1=KP1. See Exhibt 1092.
`
`Reserved.
`
`Hoem, N., “Composition of Antarctic krill oil and methods for
`its harvesting, production and qualitative and quantitative
`analysis”, Aker BioMarine, Newcastle Australia November
`2013 (Hoem).
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`1081-1083
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`1084
`
`Reserved.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`Mayzaud et al, “Changes in lipid composition of the Antarctic
`krill Euphausia superba in the Indian sector of the Antarctic
`Ocean: influence of geographical location, sexual maturity
`stage and distribution among organs” Marine Ecology Progress
`Series, Vol. 173: 149-162 (1998) (Mayzaud).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Affidavit of Christopher Butler, Office Manager of Internet
`Archive, dated February 5, 2018, regarding Rimfrost
`Exhibit 1077, Pure Encapsulations online literature for its Krill-
`plex NKO™ product, webpage from August 19, 2004.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,644,170 B2, filed June 13, 2016 (‘170)
`
`Reserved.
`
`Britton, G., Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation
`to function, FASEB J, 9, 1551-1558,1995.
`
`Yuan, “Characteristics and chromatographic separation of
`astaxanthin and its esters from the microalga Haematococcus
`pluvialos,” Doctoral Thesis, The University of Hong Kong,
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`
`Mimoun-Benarroch, et al., The Bioavailability of Astaxanthin is
`Dependent on both the Source and the Isomeric Variants of the
`molecule, Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and
`Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Food Science and
`Technology, Volume 73, Number 2, 2016, pp. 61-69(9).
`
`- ii -
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`1085-1091
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`1092
`
`
`
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`1093
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`1094-1096
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`1097
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`1098
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`
`1099
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`1100
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
`
`
`1101
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`1102
`
`
`1103
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`1104
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`1105-1109
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`1110
`
`1111
`
`
`1112
`
`1113
`
`
`1114
`
`
`
`Higuera-Ciapara, et al., Astaxanthin: A Review of its Chemistry
`and Applications, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2006;46(2):185-96.
`
`Lambertsen, et al., Method of Analysis of Astaxanthin and its
`Occurrence in some Marine Products, J. Sci. of Food and
`Agriculture, 1971, Vol. 22, February.
`
`Foss, et al., Natural occurrence of enantiomeric and Meso
`
`astaxanthin 7∗-crustaceans including zooplankton,
`
`Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:
`Comparative Biochemistry, Volume 86, Issue 2, 1987, Pages
`313-314.
`
`Final Written Decision, IPR2017-00745, August 10, 2018,
`Paper 24 (U.S. Patent No. 9,078,905).
`
`Final Written Decision, IPR2017-00746, August 10, 2018,
`Paper 23 (U.S. Patent No. 9,028,877).
`
`Reserved.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,644,169, issued May 9, 2017.
`
`File History for U.S. Patent No. 9,644,169, serial no.
`15/180,431.
`
`Reserved.
`
`File History for U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046, serial no.
`15/589,572.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 10,010,567, issued July 3, 2018.
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`1115
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`1116
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`1117
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`1118
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`1119-1128
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`1129
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`1130-1153
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`1154
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`1155
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`1156
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`1157
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`1158
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`
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`File History for U.S. Patent No. 10,010,567, serial no.
`15,589,605.
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,078,905 B2, issued July 14, 2015.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,320,765 B2, issued April 26, 2016.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,072,752 B2, issued July 7, 2015.
`
`Reserved.
`
`Final Written Decision, IPR2018-00295, June 12, 2019, Paper
`35 (U.S. Patent No. 9,320,765).
`
`Reserved.
`
`Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS v. Rimfrost AS, Nos. 2019-1097,
`2019-1078 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 3, 2019)
`
`Inter Partes Review Certificate US 9,028,877 Kl cancelling all
`claims of U.S. Patent No. 9,028,877, issued March 12, 2020.
`
`Inter Partes Review Certificate US 9,078,905 Kl cancelling all
`claims of U.S. Patent No. 9,078,905, issued March 11, 2020.
`
`Final Written Decision Determining All Challenged Claims
`[claims 1–32] Unpatentable and Denying Patent Owner’s
`Motion to Amend, IPR2018-01178, Patent 9,375,453 B2, dated
`January 13, 2020.
`
`Final Written Decision Determining All Challenged Claims
`[claims 33–61] Unpatentable and Denying Patent Owner’s
`Motion to Amend, IPR2018-01179, Patent 9,375,453 B2, dated
`January 13, 2020.
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`1159
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`1160-1166
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`1167
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`
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`Final Written Decision Determining All Challenged Claims
`[claims 1-20. i.e., all claims] Unpatentable and Denying Patent
`Owner’s Motion to Amend, IPR2018-01730, Patent 9,072,752
`B2, dated March 6, 2020.
`
`Reserved.
`
`Ballantine, J.A., Roberts, J.C., and Morris, R.J. (1980), “Marine
`Sterols. XII. The Sterols of Some Pelagic Marine Crustaceans”
`J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 47, 25-33.
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`- ii -
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`I.
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`INTRODUCTION
`Petitioner, real party-in-interest, Rimfrost AS, a Norwegian corporation
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`with its principal place of business at Vågsplassen, 6090, Fosnavåg, Norway,
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`petitions the Patent Trial and Appeal Board ( “Board” or “PTAB”) of the United
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`States Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”), pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319
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`and 37 C.F.R. § 42.1 et seq., to institute an inter partes review and to find
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`unpatentable and cancel claims 1-19 of U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046, entitled
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`“Bioeffective Krill Oil Compositions” (“the ‘046 patent”) (Exhibit 1001) which is
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`assigned to Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS (“Aker”).
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`The Board should now be well versed in the subject matter recited and
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`claimed in the challenged ‘046 patent. On six prior occasions, the Board issued
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`Final Written Decisions finding all claims of five Aker patents sharing the same
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`specification and reciting identical subject matter unpatentable:
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`•
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`•
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`•
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,028,877 (“the ‘877 patent”)
`IPR2017-00746, Paper 23 (PTAB Aug. 10, 2018) (“877 FWD”);
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,078,905 (“the ‘905 patent”)
`IPR2017-00745, Paper 24 (PTAB Aug. 10, 2018) (“905 FWD”);
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,320,765 (“the ‘765 patent”)
`IPR2017-00295, Paper 35 (PTAB June 12, 2019) (“765 FWD”);
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,375,453 (“the ‘453 patent”)
`IPR2018-01178, Paper 34 (PTAB Jan. 13, 2020) (“453 FWD I”)
`IPR2018-00179, Paper 34 (PTAB Jan. 13, 2020) (“453 FWD II”);
`and
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,072,752 (“the ‘752 patent”)
`IPR2018-01730, Paper 35 (PTAB March 6, 2020) (“752 FWD”).
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`In each of these Final Written Decisions, the Board evaluated claim
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`•
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`limitations that are materially similar, if not identical, to those recited in the
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`claims of the ‘046 patent. Notably, the Federal Circuit affirmed
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`877 FWD and 905 FWD. Additionally, Patent Owner failed to seek appellate
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`review of 453 FWD I, 453 FWD II and 752 FWD.
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`The Board should also be familiar with the prior art relied on by Petitioner
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`in challenging the claims of the ‘046 patent. With the exception of a single prior
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`art reference disclosing krill meal storage, each reference in this Petition was
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`applied and relied on in one or more of the Board’s previous Final Written
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`Decisions. Given the materially identical claim limitations and common prior art,
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`collateral estoppel should control the majority of issues needed to evaluate the
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`patentability of the claims of the ‘046 patent.
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`At bottom, there is a reasonable likelihood that Petitioner will prevail with
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`respect to at least one claim challenged in this Petition. Petitioner respectfully
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`requests that the Board institute trial on all claims of the ‘046 patent.
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`II. MANDATORY NOTICES
`A. Real parties-in-interest
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`Olympic Holding AS, Emerald Fisheries AS, Rimfrost USA, LLC,
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`Rimfrost New Zealand Limited, Bioriginal Food and Science Corp., and
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`Petitioner, Rimfrost AS, are identified as the real parties-in-interest. Several other
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`entities have a majority ownership interest in the above-identified real parties-in-
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`interest. Based on those ownership interests, and in an abundance of caution,
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`Petitioner also names Stig Remøy, SRR Invest AS, Rimfrost Holding AS and
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`Omega Protein Corporation as real parties-in-interest.
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`B. Related matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2))
`
`Aker previously asserted the ‘877 and ‘905 patent in a lawsuit captioned Aker
`
`Biomarine Antarctic AS v. Olympic Holding AS; Rimfrost AS; Emerald Fisheries AS,
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`Rimfrost USA, LLC; Avoca Inc.; and Bioriginal Food & Science Corp. Case No.
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`1:16-CV-00035-LPS-CJB (D. Del.). This litigation was initially stayed in view of
`
`Investigation No. 337-TA-1019 instituted by the United States International Trade
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`Commission on September 16, 2016 as noticed in the Federal Register. The ITC
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`proceeding was entitled In the Matter of Certain Krill Oil Products and Krill Meal
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`for Production of Krill Oil Products and involved to the ‘877 and ‘905 patents, as
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`well as Patent Owner’s related ‘765, ‘453 and ‘752 patents. The ITC investigation
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`identified Olympic Holding AS, Rimfrost AS, Emerald Fisheries AS, Avoca Inc.,
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`Rimfrost USA, LLC, Rimfrost New Zealand Limited and Bioriginal Food & Science
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`Corp. as respondents.
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`On May 23, 2017, ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-1019 was terminated.
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`Exhibit 1054. In addition, a Stipulation of Dismissal as to Avoca, Inc. was granted
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`by the Delaware District Court on May 30, 2017.
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`On January 27, 2017, Petitioner filed petitions in IPR2017-00745 and
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`IPR2017-0747 requesting review of claims 1-20 of the ‘905 patent. On February 3,
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`2017, Petitioner filed petitions in IPR2017-0746 and IPR2017-00748 requesting
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`review of claims 1-19 of the ‘877 patent. Each was instituted on August 16, 2017.
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`On September 6, 2017, the Delaware District Court action was stayed pending
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`resolution of these IPRs. On August 24, 2018, the Board ruled that claims 1-20 of
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`the ‘905 patent and claims 1-19 of the ‘877 patent are unpatentable. 905 FWD
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`(Exhibit 1103); 877 FWD (Exhibit 1104).
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`On October 3, 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, in a
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`consolidated opinion, affirmed the Board’s Final Written Decisions in IPR2017-
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`00745 and IPR2017-00746 finding all claims of the ‘877 and ‘905 patents
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`unpatentable. Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS v. Rimfrost AS, 786 F. App’x 251
`
`(2019) (Exhibit 1154). On October 28, 2019, based on the Federal Circuit’s
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`affirmance of 877 FWD and 905 FWD, the Delaware District Court action was
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`dismissed with prejudice.
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`In March 2020, the Patent Office issued Inter Partes Review Certificates
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`cancelling claims 1-19 of the ‘877 patent and claims 1-20 of the ‘905 patent.
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`Exhibits 1155, 1156.
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`On December 15, 2017, Petitioner filed a petition in IPR2018-00295
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`requesting review of claims 1-48 of the ‘765 patent. This IPR was instituted on June
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`14, 2018. On June 12, 2009, the Board issued a Final Written Decision finding all
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`claims of the ‘765 patent unpatentable. 765 FWD (Exhibit 1129). As part of its
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`Final Written Decision, the PTAB also denied Patent Owner’s contingent Motion to
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`Amend that sought to replace claims 25-32 with substitute claims 49-56. On July
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`12, 2019, Patent Owner filed a Request for Rehearing limited exclusively to the
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`Board’s denial of the Motion to Amend. On November 22, 2019, the Board granted
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`the Request for Rehearing, which is now fully briefed, and the Board’s ruling on the
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`patentability of the substitute claims remains pending.
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`On February 9, 2018, Petitioner filed a petition in PGR2018-0033 requesting
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`review of claims 1-20 of U.S. Patent No. 9,644,170 (“the ‘170 patent”). On August
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`29, 2018, the Board determined that the ‘170 patent was not eligible for post grant
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`review.
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`On June 26, 2018, Petitioner filed petitions in IPR2018-01178 and
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`IPR2018-01179 requesting review of claims 1-31 and claims 32-61 of the ‘453
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`patent, respectively. Both proceedings were instituted on January 14, 2019. On
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`January 13, 2020, the Board issued Final Written Decisions finding claims 1-31 and
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`claims 32-61 unpatentable. 453 FWD I (Exhibit 1157); 453 FWD II (Exhibit 1158).
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`The Board also denied Patent Owner’s contingent motions to amend. Patent Owner
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`did not appeal either of these Final Written Decisions.
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`On September 21, 2018, Petitioner filed a petition in IPR2018-01730
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`requesting review of claims 1-20 of the ‘752 patent. This IPR was instituted on May
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`12, 2019. On March 6, 2020, the Board issued a Final Written Decision finding
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`claims 1-20 unpatentable, and denied Patent Owner’s contingent motion to amend.
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`752 FWD (Exhibit 1159). Patent Owner did not appeal the Board’s decision.
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`On September 30, 2020, Petitioner filed a petition in IPR2020-01532
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`requesting review of claims 1-20 of U.S. Patent No. 9,644,169 (“the ‘169 patent”).
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`The ‘169 patent, like the ‘046 patent, is in the same patent family and shares a
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`common specification with the ‘877, ‘905, ‘765, ‘453 and ‘752 patents which have
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`already been adjudicated unpatentable.
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`C. Counsel (37 C.F.R. §§ 42.8(b)(3) and 42.10(a))
`Petitioner designates the following individuals as its lead counsel and back-
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`up lead counsel:
`
`Lead Counsel:
`
`Back-Up Counsel:
`
`James F. Harrington
`Reg. No. 44,741
`Hoffmann & Baron, LLP
`jfhdocket@hbiplaw.com
`(516) 822-3550
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`
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`
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`Michael I. Chakansky
`Reg. No. 31,600
`Hoffmann & Baron, LLP
`micdocket@hbiplaw.com
`(973) 331-1700
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`D.
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`John T. Gallagher
`Reg. No. 35,516
`Hoffmann & Baron, LLP
`jtgdocket@hbiplaw.com
`(516) 822-3550
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`Service information (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4))
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`Service on Petitioner may be made electronically by using the following
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`email address: 046ipr@hbiplaw.com and the email addresses above. Service on
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`Petitioner may be made by Postal Mailing or Hand-delivery addressed to Lead and
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`Back-up Counsel at the following address, but electronic service above is
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`requested:
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`Hoffmann & Baron, LLP
`6900 Jericho Turnpike
`Syosset, New York 11791
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`This Petition with all associated exhibits has been served on the patent
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`owner at its corporate headquarters, Oskenøyveien 10 No-1327, 1366 Lysaker,
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`Norway, as well as the correspondence address of record for the ‘169 patent:
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`Casimir Jones, S.C., 2275 Deming Way, Suite 310, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562.
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`Inter Partes Review Case No.: IPR2020-01533
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`III. PATENT OFFICE FEES
`Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. §§ 42.103 and 42.15(a), the requisite filing fee of
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,816,046
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`$32,900 (request fee of $15,500, post-institution fee of $15,000 and excess claims
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`fee of $2,400) for a Petition for Inter Partes Review is submitted herewith.
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`Claims 1-19 of the ‘046 patent are being reviewed as part of this Petition. The
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`undersigned further authorizes payment from Deposit Account No. 08-2461 for
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`any additional fees or refund that may be due in connection with the Petition.
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`IV. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`A. Grounds for Standing (37 C.F.R. § 42.104(a))
`Petitioner certifies the ‘046 patent is available for Inter Partes Review, and
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`Petitioner is not barred or estopped from requesting Inter Partes Review
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`challenging the claims of the ‘046 patent on the grounds detailed below.
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`Level or Ordinary Skill in the Art
`B.
`As of the earliest priority date the
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