OH 585
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`2009
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`v.
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`World Congress on Medical
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`Physics and Biomedical
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`Engineering
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`7—1 2 September 2009
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`Munich, Germany
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`Radiation Oncology
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`Q Springer
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`
`
`Editors
`
`Prof. Dr. Olaf Dossel
`Univ. Karlsruhe
`Inst. Biomedizinische Technik
`Kaiserstr. 12
`76128 Karlsruhe
`
`Germany
`E—mail: olaf.doessel@ibt.uni—karlsruhe.de
`
`Prof. Dr. Wolfgang C. Schlegel
`Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)
`Abt. Medizinische Physik in der
`Strahlentherapie
`Im Neuenheimer Feld 280
`
`69120 Heidelberg
`Germany
`E-mail: w.schlegel@dkfz-heidelberg.de
`
`ISSN 1680-0737
`ISBN 978-3—642—03472—5
`
`e—ISBN 978—3—642—03474—9
`
`Also available as set Vol. I—XIII
`
`ISBN 9783—64203 897—6
`
`DOI
`
`10.1007/978-3-642—03474—9
`
`Library of Congress Control Number: 2009934297
`
`© International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering 2009
`
`This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation,
`reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this
`publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permis-
`sions for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
`
`The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that
`such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
`
`The IFMBE Proceedings is an Offical Publication of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering (IFMBE)
`
`.
`Typesetting: Data supplied by the authors
`Production & Cover design: Scientific Publishing Services Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, India.
`
`Printed on acid—free paper
`
`9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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`springercom
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`Table of Contents
`
`Development of New Radioactive Seeds Tm-170 for Brachytherapy ............................
`Amal Ayoub and Gad Shani
`
`Implications of Histogram Analysis in Radiation Therapy (HART) Software ...................
`A. Pyakuryal
`
`Evaluation of Dosimetric Characteristics of a Grid Block Fabricated for Mega-Voltage Grid
`Therapy Purposes .............................................................................
`Karim Ghazi-khanlou Sam
`
`Monte Carlo Investigation of Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Spinal Metastases ..................
`J. Deng, Z. Chen, J. Knisely, R. Decker, V. Chiang, and R. Nath
`
`Impact of Kilo-Voltage Cone Beam Computed Tomography on Image-Guided Radiotherapy
`of Prostate Cancer ............................................................................
`J. Deng, Z. Chen, and R. Nath
`
`Cell Deformation by Dielectrophoretic Fields ..................................................
`I. Guido, M.S. Jaeger, and C. Duschl
`
`Particle-Beam Radiation Therapy for the Tumor of Pharyngeal Region ........................
`M. Murakami, Y. Niwa, Y. Demizu, D. Miyawaki, K. Temshz'ma, T. Arimura, and Y. Hishikawa
`
`A New Synchrotron Radiotherapy Technique with Future Clinical Potential: Minibeams
`Radiation Therapy ............................................................................
`Y. Prezado, M. Renter, and A. Bram‘n
`
`Analysis of Combined HDR Brachytherapy and External Beam Radiotherapy in the
`'IYeatment of Carcinoma of Cervix .............................................................
`T.S'. Kehwar, Kamlesh Passi, Rajesh Vashistha, Bikmmjz't Singh, Veena Jain, and
`Sureshchandm J. Gupta
`
`Motion Detection System with Three USB Cameras and an Active Search Algorithm for
`Stereotactic Radiosurgery .....................................................................
`K. Ogawa, G. Mamiya, H. Iyatomz', Y. Oku, and E. Kum'eda
`
`An Investigation of the Concomitant Doses from Cone Beam CT and CT Simulation in
`Radiotherapy ..................................................................................
`R. Potts and M. Oatey
`
`Treatment Planning for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) .........................
`J.L. Bedford
`
`The 21St Birthday Party for Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT); 21 Years from
`1988-2009; From Concept to Practical Reality .................................................
`S. Webb
`
`A Dedicated Irradiation Facility for Radiotherapy Dosimetry ..................................
`K. Dari/cum
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`1
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`5
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`9
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`13
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`17
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`21
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`25
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`29
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`33
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`37
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`41
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`45
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`49
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`53
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`X
`
`Table of Contents
`
`A Beam Model Applicable to Small Fields: Development and Validation .......................
`P. Caprile and GB. Hartmann
`
`MR Based Treatment Workflow for External Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer ................
`T. Nyholm, M. G. Karlsson, and M. Karlsson
`
`Computational Simulation of Tumour Hypoxia as Applied to Radiation Therapy
`Applications ...................................................................................
`E. Dalah, D. Lloyd, D. Bradley, and A. Nisbet
`
`Investigation of the Recovery Behaviour as Depending on Parotid Gland Irradiation Dose .....
`Reinhard Gerlach, Markus Stock, Susanne Kolzar, Carmen Stromberger, Dietmar Georg, and
`Martin Janich
`
`Quality Assurance Program for Radiosurgery at Clinicas Hospital: Results of
`Implementation ................................................................................
`L.N. Rodrigues, G. Menegussi, M.A. Silva, R. Rnbo, L. Farnar'l, C.P. Sales, and GR. Santos
`
`Application of MRI Normoxic Polymer Gel Dosimetry for the Evaluation of Radiation Dose
`Distribution in External Beam Radiotherapy ..................................................
`M. T. Bahreyni Toossz', M.H. Bahreynz' Toossi, Gh. Safaeian, A. Hashemlan, and Sh. Bayanz’
`
`On the Risks of a Constant RBE for Proton Treatment Planning ..............................
`M. C. Prese, Z. Taheri—Kadkhoda, J.J. Wilkens, and U. Oelfke
`
`Comparison of Dose Distribution in Brain Tumor Conformal Radiotherapy Using CT and
`CBCT .........................................................................................
`
`Effect of the Same Plan on Doses to Patients during Radiotherapy with Nasopharyngeal
`Carinoma ......................................................................................
`
`Optimization of Dose Distribution with Multi—leaf Collimator Using Field-in—Field Technique
`for Radiotherapy of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma .....................................................
`L. Cella, R. Lluzzi, M. Maglz'ulo, M. Conson, L. Camera, M. Salvatore, and R. Pacelli
`
`On the Performance of Monitor Chambers to Measure the Output of Medical Linear
`Accelerators for High—Precision Dosimetric Investigations .....................................
`R.—P. Kapsch and A. Krauss
`
`Calorimetric Determination of Absorbed Dose to Water for an 1921r HDR Brachytherapy
`Source in Near-Field Geometry ................................................................
`M. Bambynek, A. Krauss, and H.-J. Selbach
`
`The First National IMRT Dosimetry Intercomparison in Switzerland Using a Thorax
`Phantom with Inhomogeneities ................................................................
`H. Schiefer, G. Nicolz'ni, A. Fogliata, W. W. Seelentag, and M.K. Fix
`
`Calibration of 1251 Brachytherapy Sources in Terms of Reference Air Kerma Rate .............
`H.~J. Selbach
`
`56
`
`60
`
`64
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`67
`
`70
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`72
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`76
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`80
`
`81
`
`82
`
`85
`
`89
`
`93
`
`97
`
`A Mathematical Aid Decision Tool for RT Planning ...........................................
`0. Sotolongo-Grau, D. Rodriguez—Perez, J.A. Santos—Miranda, M.M. Desco, O. Sotolongo-C’osta, and
`J.C. Antoranz
`
`101
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`Table of Contents
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`Accuracy of GafChromic EBT Film as Dose Meter in Radiotherapy QA .......................
`L.J. van Battum, D. Hofimans, S. Kwa, and S. Heukelom
`
`Low—Dose Cone-Beam CT Imaging for Radiotherapy ..........................................
`Jing Wang, Tianfang Li, and Lei Xing
`
`XI
`
`105
`
`109
`
`The Realization and Application on Image Pasting for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. .
`Yin Yong, Zhu Jian, and Lu Jie
`
`.
`
`.
`
`113
`
`In vivo Dosimetry Using MOSFET and TLD for Tomotherapy .................................
`Rajesh A. Kinhikar, Chandrshekhar M. Tambe, Dipak S. Dhote, and Deepah D. Deshpande
`
`114
`
`Dose Audit Using a Glass Dosimeter for Radiation Therapy Facilities in East—Asian
`Countries ......................................................................................
`H. Mizuno, Y.K. Nakamum, S. Sakata, K. Tabushz', Y. Kusano, A. Nagano, A. Fukumum,
`T. Kanai, and H. Tsujz'i
`
`117
`
`Editing Range Compensator for Sparing Normal Tissue in Treatment Planning of Carbon-Ion
`Radiotherapy ..................................................................................
`M. Mizota and N. Kanematsu
`
`A New Device for the Measurement of the Absorbed Dose to Water for Low Energy X—Ray
`Sources Used in Brachytherapy ................................................................
`T. Schneider, M. Meier, and HJ. Selbach
`
`Comparison of PET Concepts for Dose Delivery Monitoring of Particle Therapy ..............
`D. Kunath, H. Braess, F. Fiedler, K. Laube, K. Parodi, M. Priegnitz, G. Shakirin, and W. Enghardt
`
`Image-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Using a Low-Z Target Imaging Beam
`Line and a High Dose Rate Unflattened Beam .................................................
`0. Gayou
`
`Conformity of Brain Lesions Treated with Radiosurgery and Fractionated Stereotactic
`Radiotherapy ..................................................................................
`M. C. Lopes, M. Capela, B. C. Ferreim, and T. Ventum
`
`Comparing Pencil-Beam Generated and Monte Carlo Generated Dose-to—Water and
`Dose-to-Tissue Distributions for Proton Therapy Patients .....................................
`H. Paganettz'
`
`In Vivo Evaluation of Photofrin II Radiosentisitivity for the Treatment of Adenocarcinoma
`Tumors in Balb-C Mice Using Brachytherapy ..................................................
`A. Momdi, B. Hashemi, and Z. Hassan
`
`Extend Distance Treatment for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy of Lung Cancer .........
`Long Huang, Lech Papiez, Ramin M. Abolfath, Ewa Papiez, Robert Timmerman, and Timothy D. Solberg
`
`Monte Carlo Dosimetry with PENELOPE Code of the VariSource VSZOOO 192B High Dose
`Rate Brachytherapy Source ....................................................................
`FJ. Casado, B. Mateo, E. Cem'zo, S. Garcz’a-Pareja, P. Galdn, and C. Bodineau
`
`Energy Dependence Investigations of GafChromic EBT Films for Pretreatment Dosimetric
`Verification of IMRT Plans ....................................................................
`K. Chehnz'nshz', W. Bulski, D. Georg, D. Bodzak, Z. Maniakowski, and D. Oborska
`
`1 1 9
`
`122
`
`126
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`130
`
`133
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`137
`
`141
`
`144
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`148
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`152
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`XII
`
`Table of Contents
`
`Design and Fabrication of the Control Part of a Prototype Multileaf Collimator System .......
`M. T. Bahreyni Toossi, A. Hashemian, and Sh. Nasseri
`
`155
`
`Quantitative Evaluation of Gating Radiotherapy System and Dynamic Tumor Tracking
`Radiotherapy System Developed at KIRAMS .................................................
`Seungwoo Park, Haijo Jung, Kum Bae Kim, and Young Hoon Ji
`
`Dosimetrical Aspect of CT Simulation Role in Radiation Therapy Planning ...................
`Seyed Rabi Mahdaui, Alireza Nikoofar, Hamidreza Mirzaei, and Bahram Mofid
`
`Implantable in vivo Dosimetric Probe Based on GaN Radioluminescence ......................
`Anas Ismail, Patrick Pittet, Guo—Neng Lu, Jean-Marc Galvan, Jean— Yves Giraud, and Jacques Balosso
`
`Pre—clinical Experiments in the Deep—Seated Tumor Heavy-Ion Therapy Terminal
`at HIRFL—CSR ................................................................................
`Q. Li, Z.-Y. Dai, X.-G. Liu, Q.-F. Wu, X.-D. Jm, P. Li, and J.-J. Tao
`
`158
`
`162
`
`167
`
`172
`
`Second Source Model of Collimator Scatter and Spectra of Proton Beams .....................
`W. Ulmer
`
`175
`
`Determination of Nuclear Cross Sections of Proton Beams by the Collective Model and
`Extended Nuclear-Shell Theory ................................................................
`W. Ulmer and E. Matsinos
`
`4D Monte Carlo Dose Calculations for Particle Therapy Combined with the Spring Network
`Model of Lung Motion .........................................................................
`KL. Ishikawa, S. Takagi, K. Matthys, and S. Wada
`
`Prognostic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy of Regional Lymph Node
`Metastasis of the Surgical Esophageal Carcinoma Patients After Resection ....................
`Min Gao, Shuehai Zhu, and Yumiang Wang
`
`179
`
`183
`
`187
`
`Quality Control of Brachytherapy Source Using MCNP5 Calculation and Radiochromic
`Films Measurement ............................................................................
`
`188
`
`J. Ro’denas, I. Gerardy, M. van Dycke, and S. Gallardo
`
`A Monte Carlo Study of the Particle Angular Distributions from the Electron Applicators of
`a Medical Linear Accelerator ..................................................................
`N. Jabbari and B. Hashemi
`
`Four—Dimensional Computerized Tomography (4D-CT) Reconstruction without an Eirternal
`Breath Surrogate ..............................................................................
`Zhang Shu—rru, Zhou Lin—hang, Yu Hui, Chen Guang—jie, Lin Sheng-qu, and Zhang Hal-nan
`
`Usefulness of GafChromic EBT Film for Dosimetry beyond 8.0 Gy ............................
`Hideki Aoyama, Shinsuke Tokura, Yoshiharu Azuma, Saehiko Goto, and Keiji Inamura
`
`192
`
`196
`
`200
`
`Influence of the CT Slice Thickness on the Dose Calculation for Stereotactic Treatment
`
`Planing ........................................................................................
`V. Jacob and P. Kneschaurek
`
`204
`
`“F-MRI: A Method to Assess Therapy—Induced Cognitive Impairment?” ......................
`B. Walter
`
`207
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`Table of Contents
`
`Revaluation for Problem of Clinical Particle Therapy in Cell Biological Effects of Proton,
`Carbon-Ion and X-Ray at Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center ...................................
`S. Nagayama, M. Murakami, T. Maeda, M. Baba, Y. Demizu, Y. Hishz'kawa, and M. Abe
`
`Fast and Accurate Proton Computed Tomography Image Reconstruction for Applications in
`Proton Therapy ...............................................................................
`SN. Penfold, R. W. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, and AB. Rosenfeld
`
`XIII
`
`210
`
`213
`
`Patient Setup Using a 3D Laser Surface Scanning System .....................................
`Th. Frenzel
`
`217
`
`Therapy Optimization Based on Non-linear Uptake of PET Tracers versus “Linear Dose
`Painting” ......................................................................................
`I. Toma—Dasu, J. Uhrdin, A. Dam, and A. Brahme
`
`Ant Colony Algorithm Implementation in Commissioning Radiosurgery Photon Beams for
`Monte Carlo Treatment Planning ..............................................................
`S. Garcz’a—Pareja, F. Manzano, P. Gala’n, AM. Lallena, and L. Braalla
`
`Respiratory Training and Guiding System Using Head Mount Display Device to Improve the
`Regularity of Breathing ........................................................................
`Eunhyak Shin, Hee-Chul Park, Youngyz’h Han, Jung S'ak Shin, Sang—Gyu Ja, Jaikz‘ Lee, and
`Yong-Chan Ahn
`
`221
`
`225
`
`229
`
`The Use of aSi EPID for in vivo Dosimetry in Photon Beams: Clinical Experience .............
`P. Boissard, P. Frangz's, and A. Mazal
`‘
`
`232
`
`Response of Lithium Formate EPR Dosimeters at Photon Energies Relevant to
`Brachytherapy .................................................................................
`Emelie Adolfsson, Gudrun Alm Carlsson, Jan-Erik Grindborg, Hdkan Gustafsson, Eva Land, and
`Asa Carlsson Tedgren
`
`236
`
`Development of IMRT Treatment Planning System ............................................
`Jeong-Hoon Park, Woong Cho, Kwang-Ho Cheong, Won-Gyun Jung, and Tae-Suk Suh
`
`240
`
`An Investigation on the Internal Wedge Factor Estimation for an Elekta Linac Using Monte
`Carlo Simulation ..............................................................................
`P. Hejazz', B. Hashemi, M. Shahriarz', M. Eivazi, and A. Kazemnejad
`
`Three Dimensional Gamma-Index Analysis and Considerations of the Reference Level
`Definition for Dosimetric IMRT Plan Verification with 2D Ionisation Chamber Arrays ........
`B. Poppe, A. Ruehmann, K. Willborn, B. Allgaz'er, and D. Harder
`
`Parameterisation of Small Photon Fields in Off—Axis Regions for the SIEMENS 160 MLC .....
`B. Poppe, J. Riedz’ger, G. Suft, A. Ruehmann, K. Willborn, and D. Harder
`
`244
`
`248
`
`250
`
`Suitability of the MVCT of TomoTherapy and Siemens Oncor for Treatment Planning ........
`D. Schmitt, D. Albers, and F. Cremers
`
`252
`
`Measurement of Absorbed Dose to Water of a Gamma Knife Type C ..........................
`H. T. Chung, Y. Park, S. Hyan, Y. Choi, K.H. Kim, and K.J. Chun
`
`256
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`XIV
`
`Table of Contents
`
`On Line Neutron Dose Evaluation in Patients under Radiotherapy ............................
`F. Sa’nchez—Doblado, C. Domingo, F. Go’mez, J.L. Muriiz, R. Barquero, M.J. Garcz’a—Fusté,
`G. Hartmarm, M. T. Romero, J.A. Terro’n, J. Pena, H. Schuhmacher, F. Wissmann, R. Battger,
`A. Zimba, F. Gutierrez, F.X. Guerre, J. Rosella, L. Nufiez, L. Brualla, F. Manchado, A. Lorente,
`E. Gallego, R. Capote, D. Planes, J.I. Lagares, R. Arrans, R. Colmenares, K. Amgarou, E. Morales,
`J.P. Cane, F. Fernandez, G. Sroka-Pérez, and 0. Schramm
`
`Lorentz Function Convolution Kernel of Narrow Photon Beam Profiles in Homogeneous and
`Inhomogeneous Media .........................................................................
`Djouguela, D. Harder, A. Riihmann, K. Willborn, and B. Poppa
`
`First Assessment of a Novel IGRT Device for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ...........
`M. Speiser, P. Media, W. Mao, L. Papiez, F. Gum, and T. Solberg
`
`259
`
`262
`
`266
`
`Heavy Ion Radiotherapy for Shallow-Seated Tumors at IMP ...................................
`X.—G. Lia, Q. Li, and Z.-Y. Dai
`
`270
`
`Density Response Characteristics of GafChromic EBT Dosimetry Film Using Ultraviolet
`Light Exposure ................................................................................
`S. Tokura, Y. Azuma, H. Aoyam, and 5'. Goto
`
`Fiducial—Free Spinal Radiosurgery: Patient Motion and Targeting Accuracy in 227 Single
`Fraction Treatments with the Cyberknife ......................................................
`O. Fiirweger, M. Kufeld, A. Schlaefer, and C. Dreazler
`
`Electron Arc Planning on the Commercial Radiation Treatment Planning System .............
`Sei—Kwon Kang, Taejin Hwang, Kwang—Ho Cheong, Soah Park, Me- Yeori Lee, Kyoung Ju Kim,
`D0 Hoon Oh, and Hoonsik Bae
`
`273
`
`277
`
`281
`
`Influence of Modulation Restriction in Inverse Optimization with HIPO of Prostate Implants
`on Plan Quality: Analysis Using Dosimetric and Radiobiological Indices .......................
`D. Baltas, Z. Katsilieri, V. Kefala, S. Papaioannou, A. Karabis, P. Mavroidis, and N. Zamboglou
`
`283
`
`Improving the Performance of Direct Monte-Carlo Optimization for Large Tumor Volumes .
`J. Alvarez Moret, M. Alt, and L. Bogner
`
`. ..
`
`287
`
`Finite Element-Based Biomechanical Modeling of the Bladder for Image Guided
`Radiotherapy ..................................................................................
`X. Chai, J.B. van de Kamer, M. van Herk, M.C.C'.M. Hulshof, P. Remeijer, F. P03,
`H. T. Lotz, and A. Bel
`
`291
`
`Verification of the Accuracy in Patient Alignment Using a Laser-Optical 3D—Surface Imaging
`System ........................................................................................
`T. Maser, S. Fleischhacker, K. Schubert, G. Sroka-Perez, M. Uhl, K. Herfarth, J. Debus, and GP. Karger
`
`295
`
`LDR and HDR Intracavitory Brachytherapy of Cancer Cervix uterus— Rectal Doses and ERD
`Comparison ...................................................................................
`Arun Chougule and DP. Agarwal
`
`299
`
`Evaluation on Lung Cancer Patients’ Four-Dimensional Treatment Plans Utilizing Biologically
`Effective Uniform Dose ........................................................................
`
`303
`
`Fan-Chi Su, Chengyu Shi, Panayiotis Mavroidis, Virginia Goytia, Richard Crownover,
`Prema Rassiah-Szegedi, Dimos Baltas, and Niko Papaniholaou
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`Table of Contents
`
`Brachytherapy Seed Localization via Iterative Forward Projection Matching (IFPM)
`Algorithm Using Intraoperative Cone-Beam—CT Sinogram Projections .........................
`D. Pokhrel, MJ. Murphy, D.A. Todor, D. Lazos, E. Weiss, Y. Motai, and J.P. Williamson
`
`Using Correlated Sampson to Accelerate CT—Based Monte Carlo Dose Calculations for
`Brachytherapy Treatment Planning ............................................................
`A. Sampson, Y. Le, D. Todor, and J. Williamson
`
`Investigation of a Stereoscopic Camera System for Gated Radiotherapy .......................
`A. Vasquez, T. Maser, G. Echner, G. Sroka-Perez, and C’.P. Karger
`
`Extracting Breathing Traces from Any Cone-Beam Image-Set .................................
`AP. Kauanagh, PM. Evans, V.N. Hansen, and S. Webb
`
`A Linear Implementation of Dose-Volume Constraints for Multi—criteria Optimization .........
`A. Schlaefer, D. Ruan, S. Dieterich, and W. Kilby
`
`Monte Carlo Dose Calculation for Radiotherapy Treatment Planning: Dose to Water or Dose
`to Medium? ...................................................................................
`0,-M. Ma and J.S. Li
`
`Comparison of Contra Lateral Breast and Chest Wall Doses during Radiotherapy of
`Ca—Breast (with Mastectomy) Using Co—60 Machine and 6 MV LINAC ........................
`Shafqat Faaruq, Mehnaz, Basim Kakakhail, and Saeed ur Rehman
`
`XV
`
`307
`
`311
`
`315
`
`318
`
`322
`
`326
`
`330
`
`The Integration of the Dose—Guided Radiation Therapy Process on a Clinical Workstation .
`J. Cheung, T. Boettger, W. Hu, J.P. Aubry, and J. Pouliot
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`334
`
`First Experience with Patient Oriented Rapid Arc Treatment Plan Verification ................
`D.M. Wagner and H. Vorwerk
`
`338
`
`EGSnrc Monte Carlo-Aided Dosimetric Studies of the 192k microSelectron v2 HDR
`Brachytherapy Soure ..........................................................................
`Liu Hang, GA. Zakaria, and GB. Hartmann
`
`Motion Management in Scanned Particle Therapy: Beam Gating and Tracking ................
`C. Bert, A. Gemmel, N. Saito, N. Chaudhri, R. Lu'chtenborg, M. Durante, and E. Rietzel
`
`Quality Assurance and Application of a 4D in viva Dosimetry System Using a Deformable
`Lung Phantom .................................................................................
`A. Cherpak, M. Serban, J. Seuntjens, and J.E. Cygler
`
`Dosimetric Advantages of Stereotactic IMRT of Brain Lesions Delivered with a
`Micro—multileaf Collimator ....................................................................
`B. C. Ferreira, M. C. Lopes, and M. Capela
`
`In Vivo Measurements of the Dose Delivered by Kilovoltage Cone-Beam CT during Prostate
`Radiation Therapy ............................................................................
`G. Marinello, J.P. Mege, M.L. Herve, and J.L. Lagrange
`
`Initial Application of a Geometric QA Tool for Integrated MV and kV Imaging Systems on
`Trilogy, Synergy, and Vero .....................................................................
`Weihua Mao, Michael Speiser, Paul Medin, Lech Papiez, Timothy Solberg, and Lei Xing
`
`341
`
`345
`
`349
`
`352
`
`356
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`358
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`XVI
`
`Table of Contents
`
`A New Electron IMRT Technique for Breast Cancer: Comparison to Photon IMRT and
`Conventional Irradiation Based on Static and Dynamic Dose Measurements ...................
`T. Gauer, K. Engel, A. Kiesel, D. Albers, and F. Cremers
`
`TLD Correction Factor for Dose Delivery Verification on Gamma Radiation Cobalt—60 on
`Clinical Treatment .............................................................................
`
`Hera Prasetio, Dian Milm'ta, and 8.8. Djarwanl
`
`Development of Treatment Planning System in Peking University .............................
`Bao Shangllan, Zhang Yz'bao, and Huang Felzeng
`
`362
`
`366
`
`370
`
`Direct Monte-Carlo Optimization (DMCO) with Biological, Physical and Hybrid Objective
`Functions ......................................................................................
`
`373
`
`T. Dlrscherl, M. Rickhey, and L. Bogner
`
`4D Calculation and Biological Dosimetry of the REE-Weighted Dose for Scanned Carbon Ion
`Beam Therapy .................................................................................
`A. Gemmel, C. Bert, N. Salto, N. Chaudhrz', G. Ianca, Cry. Neubeck, M. Durante, and E. Rtetzel
`
`Radiobiological Analysis of Planned and Delivered IMRT Dose Distributions ..................
`P. Mavrotdis, B. Costa Ferretra, N. Papanlkolaou, R. Svensson, B.K. Lind, and A. Brahme
`
`Impact of Truncation Correction in Flat—Detector Computed Tomography on Carbon Ion
`Radiotherapy Treatment Planning .............................................................
`Daniel Kolditz, Michael Meyer, Ylannls Kyr'lakou, Eike Rietzel, and Willi A. Kalender
`
`‘ Reconstruction of Portal Images from IMRT Fields for Patient Setup Verification .............
`P. Haerz'ng, A. Schwahofer, C. Lang, and B. Rhetn
`
`Comparison of IMRT and Photon-Electron-Mix Technique in Radiotherapy Treatment
`Planning of Ablatio Mammae ..................................................................
`K. Wetdner and L. Bogner
`
`Relative Peripheral Dose at IMRT — A Comparison between Siemens Oncor and Artisté ......
`A. Schwahofer, M. Moeller, and T. Wiezorek
`
`EPID Calibration Method for Transit in—vivo Dosimetry .......................................
`A. Fidanzio, S’. Cllla, F. Greco, L. Azarlo, L. Grimald’l, D. Sabatino, and A. Plermattel
`
`Guided Radiotherapy by an in—vivo Dosimetry for Lung Tumors ...............................
`S. Cilla, A. Fidanzz'o, F. Greco, L. Grimaldz', G. D’Onofr'lo, D. Sabatlno, and A. Ptermattet
`
`377
`
`381
`
`385
`
`389
`
`392
`
`396
`
`399
`
`403
`
`Implementation of a Complete IMRT QA Program and Clinical Experience with the DAVID
`Chamber for in-vivo Verification of IMRT Deliveries ..........................................
`
`407
`
`HK. Looe, A. Rfihmann, R. Kollhoff, W. Kunth, N. Chofor, D. Harder, K. Willborn, and B. Poppe
`
`Enhancing the Error Detection Capability of the DAVID System with the Use of Adaptive
`Warning and Alarm Levels ....................................................................
`H.K. Looe, A. Rdhman, D. Harder, and B. Poppe
`
`PDD and Dose Profile for Narrow Beams of a Cobalt — 60 Therapy Unit to Be Used in
`Stereotactic Radiosurgery .....................................................................
`A.F. Menezes, D. V.S. Batista, and L.A.R. da Rosa
`
`410
`
`413
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`Table of Contents
`
`Technical Accuracy of a Beam Tracking System for Scanned Particle Therapy of
`Intra—fractionally Moving Targets ..............................................................
`Nami Saito, Christoph Bert, Naued Chaudhri, Alemander Gemmel, Dieter Schardt, Gerhard Kraft,
`Marco Durante, and Eike Rietzel
`
`A Joint Research Project to Improve the Accuracy in Dosimetry of Brachytherapy
`Treatments in the Framework of the European Metrology Research Programme ...............
`M.P. Toni, I. Aubineau-Laniece, M. Boui, J. Gardoso, D. Gutarella, F. Gabris, J.E. Grindborg,
`AS. Guerra, H. Jaruinen, G. Oliveira, M. Pimpinella, J. Plagnard, T. Sander, H.J. Selbach, V. Sochor,
`J. Solc, J. de Pooter, and E. van Dijk
`
`Proposals for a ICRU—50/62 -Consistent Dose Prescription Suited for IMRT Radiation
`Techniques ....................................................................................
`M. 0echsner, K. Bratengeier, M. Gainey, and M. Flentje
`
`Fast Dose Calculations in Radiation Therapy with GPUS ......................................
`Philippe Despre’s, Sami Hissoiny, Jean-Philippe Gariépy, and Benoit Ozell
`
`Robust Radiobiological Optimization for Proton Therapy Treatment Planning .................
`F. Kroupal, M. G. Frese, E. Heath, and U. Oelfke
`'
`
`Neutron Therapy at the FRMII — Calculation of Dose Inside a Voxel Phantom ................
`S. Garny, W. Ru'hm, F.M. Wagner, and H. G. Paretzke
`
`XVII
`
`417
`
`421
`
`425
`
`429
`
`433
`
`437
`
`Monte Carlo Based Independent Monitor Unit Calculation in IMRT ..........................
`0. Pisaturo, R. Moeckli, and F. 0. Bochud
`
`441
`
`Suggestion for an Extended Quality Assurance in 4D CT and Its Function in Gated
`Radiotherapy Using a Motion Phantom ........................................................
`A. Block and A. Mewes
`
`On—line Compensation of Dose Changes Introduced by Tumor Motion during Scanned
`Particle Therapy ..............................................................................
`R. Luchtenborg, N. Saito, N. Ghaudhri, M. Durante, E. Rietzel, and G. Bert
`
`Feasibility Study of the Use of Artificial Neural Networks in Predicting Acute Rectal and
`Urinary Bladder Toxicity Following Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy ............................
`A. Pella, R. Cambria, B.A. Jereczek-Fossa, D. Zerini, G. Fodor, F. Serafini, G. Baroni, M. Riboldi,
`M. Ciceri, M.F. Spadea, P. Patete, M. Peroni, F. Gattani, C. Garibaldi, G. Pedroh', A. Pedotti, and
`R. Orecchia
`
`445
`
`449
`
`453
`
`Imaging QA Program for Image Guided RadioTherapy (IGRT) ................................
`K. Schubert, K. Wagenknecht, S. Lissner, G. Sroka-Perez, and J. Debus
`
`457
`
`Dose QA Using EPID and a Dose Prediction Algorithm Independent of the Planning
`System ........................................................................................
`J. Berndt, M. Misslbeck, and P. Kneschaurek
`
`Investigation of the Dose Distribution Quality Achievable with Arc—Modulated Cone Beam
`Therapy .......................................................................................
`S. Ulrich, F. Sterzing, S. Nill, K. Schubert, K.K. Herfarth, J. Debus, and U. OeZflee
`
`Investigating the Reproducibility of Motion for Lung Tumours Treated with Stereotactic
`Body Radiotherapy ............................................................................
`A. Richter, J. Wilbert, K. Baier, M. Guckenberger, and M. Flentje
`
`460
`
`463
`
`467
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`XVIII
`
`Table of Contents
`
`A Feasibility Study on Multi Prompt-Gamma—Ray Telescope System for Boron Neutron
`Capture Therapy ..............................................................................
`Y. Sakarai, H. Tanaka, M. Suzuki, 0. Kashz'no, Y. Kinashi, S. Masunaga, K. Ono, and A. Marahashz’
`
`Measurement of Inter-fraction Changes in Bladder Volume Using Ultrasound Image Guidance
`for Gynecological Radiotherapy ................................................................
`Hayeon Kim, Sushil Beriwal, and M. Saiful Hug
`
`A Comparison of Dose and Energy-Based Mapping Methods for 4D Monte Carlo Dose
`Calculation in Deforming Anatomy ............................................................
`E. Heath, I. Kawrakow, F. Tessier, and J. V. Siebers
`
`IGRT and Its Quality Assurance at the DKFZ .................................................
`C. Lang, B. Rhein, P. Haring, and A. Schwahofer
`
`Implementing Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT): Initial Dosimetric Results for
`Retrospective Patient Study ...................................................................
`A. Richter, J. Wilbert, T. Km’eger, M. Guckenberger, K. Baier, F. Schwab, and M. Flentje
`
`Influence of Patient Movement and Anatomy Alteration 0n the Quality of 3D US-Based
`Prostate HDR Brachytherapy Treatment ......................................................
`N. Milickovic, I. Nikolova, N. Tselis, H.A. Azharz‘, N. Zamboglou, and D. Baltas
`
`Clinical Evaluation of an Intra—Modality 3D Ultrasound IGRT System .........................
`C. Kleefeld, M. Moore, and W. van der Patten
`
`Quality Assurance of a Robotic, Image Guided Radiosurgery System ..........................
`C. Dremler and C. Ffirweger
`
`Impact of Beam Alignment on Leakage of the Siemens 160 MLCTM ...........................
`S. Kla'ter, G. Sroka-Perez, K. Schubert, and J. Debus
`
`470
`
`474
`
`476
`
`479
`
`481
`
`484
`
`488
`
`492
`
`496
`
`Observations of Prostate Intrafractional Motion during External Beam Radiation Therapy .
`J.S. Li, A. Pollack, E.M. Horwz'tz, M.K. Buyyounouski, and C.—M. Ma
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`499
`
`Imaging Motion with a 4-ROW CT Scanne (GE Light Speed RT) ...............................
`C. Kornhuber, A. Mehnert, and D. Vordermark
`
`503
`
`Measur