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`I,
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`. °Covering1TeleconT~ unications, 1"r'>
`,., f\Jetworling, lnfot'mation TechnQfogy,
`'" Computi.ng and the Internet , ·
`/ I
`--
`. : ,, MORE THAN 21,000 TERMS DEFINE
`.
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`/
`Updated, Improved a~d Expanded Edit"
`by Harry Newton
`.
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`·
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`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. Cover
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`

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`ST A Y -I N F O RM E D
`To be alerted by email to updates and corrections
`go to www.cmpbooks.com/newton
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`~ CMPBooks
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`San Francisco
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`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. Inside Cover-1
`
`

`

`' EWfON's nucoM DlalONARY
`
`~ht© 2003 Horry Newton
`' 'I' Hony@HanyNewton.com
`emoi. al web site: www.HanyNewton.com
`=:ess web site: www.Technologylnvestor.com
`All • hts reserved under International and Pon-American Copyright conventions,
`incl:ing the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever.
`Published by CMP Boo~
`An imprint of CMP Medio LLC
`Main office: CMP Books, 600 Harrison St., Son Francisco, CA 94107 USA
`Phone: 415-947-6615; Fox: 415-947-6015
`Soles office: CMP Books, 12 West 21 Street, New York., NY 1001 0
`Phone 917-305-3333; Fox 212-206-0387
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`www.cmpbooks.com
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`United Business Media
`For individual orders, and for information on special discounts for quantity orders,
`please contact
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`CMP Books Distribution Center, 6600 Silocci Woy, Gilroy, CA 95020
`Tel: 1-800-50(}6875 or 408-848-3854; Fox: 408-848-5784
`Email: cmp@rushorder.com; Web: www.cmpbooks.com
`Distributed to the book trade in the U.S. by:
`Publishers Group West, 1700 Fourth Street, Berkeley, Colttomio 94710
`Distributed in Canada by:
`Jaguar Book Group, 100 Armstrong Avenue, Georgetown, Ontario M6K 3E7 Canada
`Printed in the United States of America
`This book is also sold lhrough www.Amozon.com, www.Fotbroin.com and
`WWW .BomesAndNoble.com
`Distributed to the book trade in the U.S. and Canada by Publishers Group West
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`ISBN Number 1·57820-307-4
`Morch 2003
`
`Nineteenth Edition
`Mott Kelsey, Publisher
`Roy Horak, Senior Contnouting Editor
`5w Roldan, Cover Artist
`liso GiiqlJinto, Project Manager
`Brod Greene, Text l.oyout
`
`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, Inside Cover- 2
`
`

`

`Table of Contents
`
`HELP MAKE THIS DICTIONARY EVEN BETTER
`- We offer a real reward ....... . . ... . .... ......... . ...... .. . . .. . v
`
`119 BEST DOLLAR-SAVING TIPS ·
`- How to save on telecom, PC, Internet, airline and investing .. .... ... .. . ... VII
`
`WHY IS IT SO HARD TO BUY?
`- The logic of call· centers, customer cares, and buying on the Internet ...... . .. XIX
`
`THE NEW WORLD OF TELECOM
`- How should a responsible user react? ....... . . .. ... . ... .. .. . ..... . XXI
`
`DISASTER RECOVERY PLANNING
`- How to make sure your computing and telecommunications still run ........ XXIII
`
`RULES FOLLOWED IN THIS DICTIONARY
`- How to figure our ordering of terms and our spellings .. ..... ..... ... . ... XXV
`
`ABOUT THE AUTHOR
`- Harry Newton does have a life outside this dictionary .................. XXIX
`
`ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
`- Ray Horak teaches, consults and lives in Paradise . .. ............. . ... XXXI
`'
`
`DICTIONARY
`- Dictionary begins with Numbers then goes onto Letters . ... ..... .... ......
`
`APPENDIX
`- Standards Organ•zations and Special Telecom Interest Groups ..... . . . ... .. 914
`- Publications, Computer and Telecom· . .. .. . ............. ... . ..... . 920
`International Calling Codes . . . .. . ...... . ........ .. . .. .. ..... .. 921
`-
`...... 922
`- Standard Plugs and Connectors
`. .. . .. ........... ...... ....
`
`iii
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`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. iii
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`

`

`\\~ l tn l n,, .,;Ji~ of oqecls ro hoodle dlrelent lypes o/ lnfonoolioo and
`Po JIii ueslS for actions. Components ore not typically polymorphic.
`~\I
`r,,:!1:fln Any of the polymers and copolymers of the ethylene family of hydro-
`~I
`carbr ropylen• A thermoplastic similar to polyethylene but stiffer and having a
`~1
`int (temperature) and excell~nt el~c properties.
`~o JP
`~ 1
`in
`highf so:,,~r.orid• PVC. A thermoplastic motenal composed of polymers of vinyl
`~
`Po _yv A rough water and flame-retardant thermoplastic insulation material that is com-
`·
`chl~~e.sed in th~ jackets of building cables when fire retardant, but not smoke retardant
`it
`mo,,, ~ ore r uired. Unfortunately, it bums and gives out noxious gases which kill. PVC
`pro~:esrun in: return ducts, also co~I~ plenum ducts and most towns, therefore, don't
`ron I C 10 be run in their plenum ce1hngs. See Plenum.
`011oj PV fnylidene Difluorid• PV0F. A fluoropolymer material that is resistant
`Po fV nd used in the jackets of plenum coble. See also Plenum Coble.
`~: ;assive Optical Network is a_ fiber optic ~etwo~k without octi~e electro~ics, su~ as
`.....n1M a PON uses passive splitters to deliver signals to multiple terminal devices.
`1"!"".'·--, ticol networking (PON) technology allows a fiber optic network to be built with(cid:173)
`1-
`: : :stfy, active electroni~ foun~ in all other types of n~tworks. Rother, a PON ~et·
`1- ~ relies on inexpensive optical splitters and couplers, which ore placed at each fiber
`•. nclion • or connection, throughout the network, providing a tremendous fan-out of fiber
`:a lorg; number of end points. By eliminating the dependence on expensive active net·
`1~
`WOik elements-and ~ ~going powe~ng and mointen~nce costs o~ioted with them
`_ carriers con realize significant cost SOV1ngs. (The PON 1s ho~ever 5!111 for more expen(cid:173)
`SNe than alternatives such as 0SL). ~ON technology gene!lllly 1s u~ed in the locol lo?P. to
`connect customer premises to on all-fiber network. A PON 1s a tree-like structure consisting
`of several brooches, coiled Optical Distribution Networks. These run from the central office
`10 the customer premises using a mix of passive branching components, passive optical
`otteoootors and splices. Three active devices con be used in a PON. An Optical Line Terminal
`(Orn either generates light signals on its own or tokes in S0NET signals from a collocot·
`11
`ed SONET crosscomect. The 0LT then broadcasts this traffic to either on Optical Network
`1~
`Ii Unit ONU or on Optical Network Termination, which receives the signal and converts it into
`on ~eclrical signal for use in the customer premises. The speed of operation depends. on
`whether the PON is symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical P0Ns operate at 0(-3
`speeds (155.52Mbit/sec), for osymmelricol PONs the upstream transmission is also
`155.52Mbit/sec from the Optical Network Termination to the customer premises; down(cid:173)
`stream lrotlsmission con range between 155.52 to 622.08Mbit/sec. Depending on where
`the PON terminates, the system con be described as fiber-to-the;:urb (ITT(), fiber·to-th&(cid:173)
`IKJ!ding (FTTB), or fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). Most PON approaches start with the specifi.
`cofions developed by the Full Service Access Network (FSAN) initiative. Variations on the
`PON theme indude APON (ATM over PON) and TPON (Telephony over PON). See also
`APON, FSAN, and TPON.
`Pond Balls Goff bolls retrieved from a pond or lake.
`_Po•i Express Out of the summer haze bursts a horse and rider, swiftly approach(cid:173)
`~-~ ~ sod building on the prairie. Aniving in a cloud of dust, the rider leaps from his
`1':":.e ~ _heo~ for a water barrel to quench his thirst. Meanwhile, a leather sock filled
`i)
`-: . mod is ~lusked off the tired horse and thrown over the saddle of a fresh mount.
`111 two minutes, the rider is gone, galloping toward the for horizon. This young man in
`~ ~i: 1s one of SOf!1e 2~0 Pony Express riders who carried the moil in a giant relay
`tend n t. Joseph, M~un, and Sacramento, California, a distance of 1,966 miles, in
`ing rid~~ t· Chan~ing horses every ten to fifteen miles at swing stations, and switcli-
`0 day Du . me station~ ofter a run of 75 miles or more, the riders averaged 250 miles
`tlviXJgh ~n~ the short tim~ ~e Pony_ Express was in operation -
`from April 1860,
`dM1i~ blizz~rd ' tl 8; 1 .1 its nder defied hostile Indians, blazing desert heat, and hon~
`weight the le~rs 0th ave 0. total of 65~,000 mi!es with 34,753 pieces of moil. To save
`ounce, loter cut to $ ey corned w~re wntten o~ tissu&-thin paper as postage cost $10 on
`l"IJUgurol address w/- Th~edbest time_ ever _achieved was in Morch 1861, when Lincoln's
`The Pony Express ~~m fr~m Missoun to California in seven days, 17 hours.
`O organized by 5!Dgecoa~ olll:rator William Hepburn Russell, who
`~ been Convinced by
`lheir stute wos feasible R grnp of ~romment Colifom1ons that on overland moil route to
`i-otected by O u 5
`· .1 usse s business partners opposed the venture because it was not
`~-l But R~ ·w~~; ~ontroct. ~ey hod _competition and d&-regulotion even in those
`~- In advertising for ri~:d, bud~mg stations and purchasing 500 top quality Indian
`, he hinted at the hazardous nature of the job by asking for
`
`, ,
`
`~
`
`II
`II
`*
`
`POP3
`
`•small, ~oring young men, preferably orphans." The riders received board and keep and
`were paid $100 to S 150 a month. Their overage age was 19 but one rider David Joy
`was 13, and Will!om F. ~ody, who become famous as "Buffolo1Bill," was 15.'ln a furthe;
`effort to save IYeight, a nder_ usually carried only a pistol and a knife. He was expected to
`out-run the Indians, not out-fight them.
`The ~ony Express days of glory ended abruptly in 1861 following completion of the
`tro~scootinentol telegraph. Ru~II' s firm lost more than $200,000 in the venture, but the
`donn~ of the Pony. Express nders caught the imagination of e-,ery American, and their
`explo!ts become on important port of the legend and lore of the notion. The above history
`copynght 1979 by Ponorizon Publishing Corp.
`_Ponzi Sch••• A type of scorn named ofter Charles Ponzi who ran such a scheme
`m 1919· l 920. A Ponzi is somewhat like a pyramid scheme as money owed early
`"investors" ore paid by revenues _collected from those who c~ later. Typical~ the
`scheme. wo~ as follo:,t5. !Jie Ponzi scheme perpetrator advertises a 50% per year return
`on momes mvested with him. Some monies flow in. At end of a quarter the perpetrotor
`pays hi~ inv~stors a dividend or r~~m (or whatever he calls it) of 12.5%. Word goes out
`~~t he s paid out a hondsom~ dividend. Soon more money flows in. He pays out more
`dMdends. More money flows m. One day not enough money flows in. He can't pay the
`promised dividends. The whole thing starts to crumble. People start demanding their money
`bock ... A Ponzi scheme does not involve any manufacturing of goods, or selling of goods
`or seivices.
`Pool A collection of things available to oil for the asking or the dialing. A modem pool is
`a collection of modems typically ottoched to a PBX. Dial a special extension and you con
`use the modem, which answers that extension (or one of the extensions in the hunt group)
`to make a data coll. Pooling is shoring. The purpose of having a •poo1• is to ovoid buying
`everybody one of whatever it is you're pooling. Actually, •pooling• is a fancy word for
`shor·
`something we've been doing in the telephone business for the post 100 years -
`ing. We started shoring lines, then shoring switches, then shoring voice moil devices, now
`we're shoring equipment, like modems.
`Pooling Point A physical place where local and long distance corrieis join their net(cid:173)
`works in order to swap bandwidth. See Bandwidth Broker.
`Pooling Point Ad•inistrator See Bandwidth Broker.
`POP 1. Point Of Presence. The IX( equivalent of a local phone company's central office.
`The POP is a long distance carrier's office in your local community (defined as your IATA).
`A POP is the place your long distance carrier, coiled on lntereXchonge Carrier (IXO, term~
`notes your long distance lines just before those lines ore connected to your local phone
`company's lines or to your own direct hookup. Each IX( con hove multiple POPs within one
`IA TA. All long distance phone connections go through the POPs.
`2. Point Of Presence at which ISPs (Internet Service Providers) exchange truffle and
`routes at Loyer 2 (Link Loyer) of the OSI model.
`3. Short for "population." One "pop" equals one person. In the cellular industry, sys·
`terns ore valued financially hosed on the population of the market served.
`4. Post Office Protocol. An e-mail seiver protocol used in the Internet. You use POP to
`get your moil and download itto your PC, using SMTP (Simple Moil Tmnsfer Protocol). POP3
`is the current version, as defined in RFC 1725. POP is increasingly being replaced by IMAP.
`POP3 Post Office Protocol version 3 is pronounced •pop three: Think of POP3 as the
`place in the sky where your incoming email from oil your friends is stored, waiting for you
`to come by and pick it up. All you hove to do is to •knock· on your POP3 door,idenlify
`yourse~ and pick up your moil. Conceptually it's not much different from physical~ picking
`up moil at your local post office. POP3 is actually a protocol widelv used on the ln~t or
`other IP-based networks to retrieve electronk moil from a (typically distant) email se,ver.
`You use POP3 to get your moil from the seiver it is sitting on and to download it to your PC.
`Most email software (sometimes coiled email clients) use the POP3 protocol. POP3 con be
`characterized as a store-ond-forword moil protocol. It runs on a client/se,ver basis~ wi~ your
`email client workstation (i.e your PO running against on email server, both of which mcl~
`POP3 software. P0P3 genemlly makes use of SMTP (Si~ple Mail T mnspart Protoco!), which
`is on extension of TCP /IP intended specifically for email transfer._ Unlike the_ earlier ~P2
`protocol, however, POP3 does not require SMTP and, therefore, IS c_horacte~ed as being
`independent of the transport layer. POP3 is run by most Internet seryice providers and ISPs
`(Internet Seivice Providers). When accessing a network-based email seiver, you generally
`will access a P0P3 seiver to download email. When uploading email, you access on SMTP
`seiver, which merely forwards your moil through the Internet ofter translating the email
`addresses into IP addresses ofter consulting with a 0NS (Domain Nome Seiver) seiver.
`
`623
`
`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. 623
`
`

`

`Stickiness
`
`Interpretive: The system is able to make inferences based on the information it has co~
`lected about the user. The system does some interpretation, moving from the traditional
`interface approach ,of "Do what I say• to "Do what I mean.• Unlike the static menus and
`dialog boxes of GUI systems, STICI systems will dynamically adapt their operation, there(cid:173)
`by better J!nticipating user needs. Agents will automate common tasks, based on observed
`usage pilttems.
`Comrrumicating: The system will be able to manage all the different communications
`functions offered, such as store and forward, cellular, logging on and off wireless IANs and
`linking to the user's desktop PC. These communications will be transparent to the user,
`leaving him or her free to concentrote on the task at hand.
`Interface: The interface will be oriented around documents. Traditional~, interioces
`have centered on applications, such as a word processor or a spreadsheet. With the STICI,
`the interface is centered on documents. The user creates a document, writing or drawing
`freely, and the various applications needed ore simp~ tools accessed to create a chart, to
`write .or to show numbers within that document. Users will be able to seamlessly link opp!~
`cations from multiple vendors, as descendent technologies evolve from OLE and Publish &
`Subscribe. Both Microsoft and Apple ore developing document-oriented interioces for the
`next generations of their respective desktop operating systems.
`Stickiness The New York limes calls it •the marketing buzzword of the moment." A
`sticky Web site keeps users glued to it, according to the limes, "either through sheer intrin(cid:173)
`sic niftiness or by piling layer upon layer of more or less related offerings, like stock quotes,
`weather updates or interactive whiz-bongs like sports trivia."
`Sticky l, A sticky shift key lets you access the shifted functions {such as capitol A) by
`pressing the shift key first and then pressing the second key. Sticky keys may stay down
`for a second or two. Or you may have to hit them again to unstick them -
`somewhat
`like the Copslock key.
`2. An adjective applied to a web site or a service where visitors hong around. For
`instance, a banking site that offers o financial calculator is stickier than one that does not
`because visitors do not hove to leave to find o resource they need. When AT&T Wireless ·
`introduced voice porto~ to its customers one of its executives said, "When you provide o
`service like this it makes your relationship with customers more sticky: In other words,
`customers ore more likely to stick with companies that offer services they like. You restrain
`your chuckle. See also Stickiness.
`Sticky Note See Post-ft Note.
`STID Service Termination Identifier. An ISDN Service Profile term.
`Stimulated Emission Radiation emitted when the internal energy of o quantum
`mechanical system drops from on excited level to a lower level when induced by the pres·
`ence of radiant energy at 1he some frequency. An example is the radiation from on injec·
`tion loser diode above losing threshold.
`Sil l. Standard Telegraph level. 2. Studio-To-Transmitter link -
`air microwave.
`SIM Synchronous Transfer Mode. A transport and switching method that depends on
`information occurring in regular and fixed patterns with respect to o reference such as a
`frame pattern. A time division multiplex-and-switching technique to be used across the
`use( s network interioce for a broadband ISDN. It gives each user up to 50 million bits per
`second simultaneously -
`regardless of the number of users. See a~ ATM.
`STM· 1 Synchronous Transport Module l: SDH standard for transmission over OC-3 op&
`col fiber at 155.52 Mbps.
`STM•n Synchronous Transport Module "n": {where n is an integer) SDH standards for
`transmission over optical fiber {OC-'n x 3) by multiplexing "n" STM-1 frames, (e.g., STM-
`4 at 622.08 Mbps and STM· 16 at 2.488 Gbps). The SONET version is known as STS
`(Synchronous Transport Signal), beginning at 51.84 Mbps.
`STM•nc Synchronous Transport Module "n" concatenated: (where n is an integer) SDH
`standards for transmission over optical fiber (OC-'n x 3) by multiplexing "n• STM· 1 frames,
`(e.g., STM-4 at 622.08 Mbps and STM-16 at 2.488 Gbps, but treating the information
`fields as a single concatenated payload).
`STN 1. Statens Telenamd (Swedish National Telecommunications Councill.
`2. Super Twist Nematic is the least expensive and most basic form of passiv8111atrix
`LCD display. It is used in low cost laptop computers. In a passive matrix color screen, like
`STN, the current travels along transparent electrodes printed on the glass screen. These
`electrodes ore driven by transistors placed around the edges of the display. Horizontal and
`vertical electrodes form o grid-like matrix, with a pixel at every intersection. A major pro~
`lem with passive technology arises when current is lost in crosstalk as the electrodes criss·
`
`typically through the
`
`"'" ooch oller. This ~ng "" effect grnrnly ~minohes "8mll ~ ~ ,.1
`
`Active Motrix, LCD ond TFT.
`· Jl:ll
`Stockbroker Someone whose services make you broker. See a~ Small Fortu
`Stop Band A spectrum of frequencies blocked by an electronic (filter) devke olld ne.
`olly defined by upper and lower ·3 dB points.
`USU.
`Stop Bit The Stop Bit is on interval at the end of each Asynchronous Chorocte
`allows the receiving computer to pause before the start of the next character. The St~~
`is always a 1. See Start Bit.
`P It
`Stop Element ~e lost element of a character in asynchronous serial lronsmissi
`used to ensure recognition of the next start element.
`~.
`Stop Order An order that becomes a market order to buy (buy stop) 01 0 l1'Qfkei
`price. A buy stop order is placed above a stock's current market price and is executed ff:
`order to sell (sell stop) only when the security trades at a specific price, known as the st
`
`market rises to, or through, that price. A sell stop order is placed below o stock's cunent
`market price, and is executed ~ the market falls to, or through, that price.
`Stop Record Signal In facsimile systems, a signal used for stopping the IWOCess
`of converting the electrical signal to on image on the record sheet.
`Stop/Start Transmission A method of transmission in which a group ~ I.ls
`are preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit. Also called osynchrooous lronsnis(cid:173)
`sion. See Asynchronous.
`Storage Area Network See SAN.
`Storage Blade See Blade Server.
`Storage Bytes I made this term up because of the need to explain that one mfion
`bytes can be different to one million bytes. OK. Normal~, one million means 1,000,IXXl.
`And it does, except inside a computer, where they measure storage in bytes. Yoor hold lllt
`contains this many bytes, let's say eight gigabytes. That's fine. But they' re not bytes too
`way we think of them in internal or external computer transmission terms. They' re Iffier.
`ent and they have to do with o way computer stores material -
`on hard disks or in WA.
`They're what I coll "storage bytes." When we talk 1 Kb of storage bytes, we real~ mem
`1,024 bytes. Which comes from the way storage is actually handled inside o comixrtei,
`and calculated thus: two raised to the power of ten, thus 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x
`2 = 1,024. Ditto for one million, two raised to the power of twenty, thus 1,048,576
`-bytes. See also the introduction to this dictionary and BPs.
`Storage Unit A device in which information con be recorded and retoined for kiM
`retrieval and use.
`Storage Ylrtuallzatlon In ifs purest form, according to lnfoWorld, virltdzo(cid:173)
`tion allows users to add storage capacity using inexpensive commodity disk and tape drives
`to dynamically manage those storage resources as virtual storage poo~ with little re,prl
`for what physically resides on the bock end. lnfoWorld lists the advantages of slofO!le w·
`tuolizotion as follows: 1. Virtual pools of storage. Re~ocing the direct links between oost
`servers and physical disks with logical volumes makes storage a plastic corrtoiner that Clll
`be shored among hosts and applications. 2. Speedy Recovery. The use of lolJicol wk1100s
`
`simplifies the creation of backups for quick recovery from failures or disasters and •ts
`
`of disk images that con be used with offline applications such as data warehousing loct
`3. Huge Containers. Combining the capacities of multiple physical drives into one large b.t
`icol volume simplifies the allocation of storage for very large databases. 4. Power in run(cid:173)
`bers. Dato con be distributed across multiple physical devices not on~ to create reMbit
`copies and reduce the impact of media failure, but o~ to boost the speed of doto ~
`and retrieval. 5. Unwosted space. Because dato in the storage pool con be dis1ribu1ed to
`physical devices throughout the storage network, storage is used more efficiently · II.!
`available space isn't wasted.
`Store And Forward S/F. In communications systems, when a messtJ98 ~ llUIS'
`n:iitted to some intermediate relay point and stored temporarily. later the messoge 15 sellt
`the rest of the way. Not very convenient for voice conversations, but usefu_l for 1elex ~
`and other one-way transmission of messages. Telephone answering ma~ln~, as
`voice mailboxes ore considered forms of Store and Forward message swilthmg.
`Store locator Service See Single Number Dialing.
`ro-
`Stored Procedures Compiled code on a database server that reduces the P
`cessing burden on clients.
`.
`• 018
`Stored Program A telephone company definition. The i~ctions whi~h ro(cid:173)
`placed in the memory of common controlled switching unit and to which 1t refers ; ~e Pro-
`8 P
`cesslng a call. Stored programs commonly use alterable magnetic marks to reco
`gram instruction. See also Stored Program Computer and Stored Program Control.
`
`756
`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. 756
`
`

`

`Strategic Alliance ·
`
`.
`.
`.
`~for plug meets the coble, and the secondo
`tion around each conductor inside th b . ry strain rehef cnmps onto the rubbery insulo(cid:173)
`secondory strain relief and some cri~ usmess ~ of the plug. Not all crimp dies crimp the
`the coble jacket and c~nductors' insui!J h~e, 0 d_ifferent secondary strain relief location. If.
`~able (this is especial~ important at the ~J° 1kn t c~, the strain of moving or pulling the
`es top, ere cables get unplugged and ~ugged
`1o~ed and pulled) is all borne by ou
`tors (co_ble plugs) your technician\ rc~i::; c:ecti~n. Make sure the modular connec'.
`So!'le dies for crimping tools don't support g ond e pnm_ory ~nd ~ondory strain relief.
` oefm_ r~ief, which anchors the iOSlt-
`lotion around the coble conductors to the plusecg Str o_ry str
`·
`IS important because th
`• mn re I
`the fr
`.
`~ erw1Se
`·1
`.
`091 ~ copper wire carrying your connection tokes all of th
`the cable IS plugged in and unplugged or moved ff the ,h....ti. ~ ~mg o~ pulling when
`relief at all. The cable1sheoth should~ onih!~n;e:i, ~ou;{t~ hos no strain
`co~e IS not ot!oched
`· . 1. "-'V""'
`to the modular plug at (this is called rimo
`Pug crway from the
`e
`connectors. Bye-bye connection.
`si~
`~traine~ . Silicon ~trained silicon is the method developed by IBM of stretchi
`icon. over a s1hcon germomum substrate layer to improve the speed of semicond
`ng
`uctor pro-
`cessmg.
`·
`Strand 1. A single uninsulated wire.
`2. Strand (as the term_ applies to telephone companies) is on uninsulated and unpow(cid:173)
`ered stranded steel coble, ms!olled on telephone and utility poles and similar structures to
`su~port telephone coble. Coble is lashed to the strand; other devices ore fitted with oomps
`~h1ch attach !? _the strand. On joint poles, the CAlV strand is usual~ instolled beflM elec(cid:173)
`tric power foc1hties and above the telephone facilities.
`3. Strand (as the term applies to coble television) is on uninsulated and unpowered
`stranded st~l_coble, typical~ 1/4" or 3/8" diameter, instolled on telephone and utitrty
`poles and similar structures to support coble television distribution devices such os lmf
`coble, amplifiers and lops. Coble is lashed to the strand; other devices ore fitted with
`clomps which attach to the strand. On joint poles, the CAlV strand is usual~ instolled beb.v
`electric power facilities and above telephone focilities. See Hord Coble, Joint Pole, 111d
`lashing._
`Strand lay The distance of advance of one strand of o spiral~ stmncled condoctor,
`in one tum, measured axial~.
`Stranded Conductor A conductor composed of groups of wires twisted together.
`Stranded Copper A type of electrical wire conductor comprised of multiple copper
`wires twisted together forming o single conductor and then covered with on insulating jack(cid:173)
`et. Stranded conductors perform less well than do solid-core conductors in terms of Irons(cid:173)
`mission quality, and ore more distance-limited. Stranded conduclOIS have greater flex
`strength, however; therefore, they ore common~ used in applications where the coble is
`flexed frequenriy and aggressively.
`Stranded Fiber Cable A fiber optic coble in which multiple individual opticol
`fibers conloined within the some coble sheoth ore twisted around eoch other in o herix. Also
`twisted with the fibers ore strength members, general~ constructed of aromid (common~
`known as Kevlar). The twisting process improves the flex strength of the cable, much os is
`the case with stranded copper. ff the fibers were not helical~ stronded, each fiber essen-
`in the growth of surface imperfections or microcracks, and eventual~ fiber breokoge. See
`.
`also Aromid, Helix and Stranded Copper.
`Strap A permanent, wired connecti~n be_tween tw~ more pomts. Older style ~
`modems did some of the feature selection usmg DIP switches. They called that ~ps.
`f
`Even today, some software option commands hove become cal~ software stmps._
`Strapping The act of installing a permanent connecti?n between a Pomt 0
`Termination (POT) Bay and a collocated porty' s physical coll~otion. node.
`Strategic Alliance When a compony does .someth_mg ~1th a~other componr~
`both companies will announce they now have O strotegic olhonce. Such stroteQ)
`alliance may be anything from one compony agreeing to include the o~er company s
`products in its lineup (often without a commitrnen! to octuolh~ ~I onythmtl !: :~~
`0 erfi
`sim I be that each hove agreed to include a hyperlmk to eac ~ er on 80~
`site~ ~n short, I've never figured what a strategic alliance r~oll~ is or what its bele ts o~e
`~!her than on attempt to boost each other's stock by issuing more press re eases o
`-
`rted· SEATTLE -Amazon com Inc.
`J
`the financial community.
`I
`ded toy o~d video-
`o-b
`.
`On August 10, 2000, the Woll Street oumo repo
`announced a strategic alliance with Toysrus.com Inc. 1? ~reothte O c I" ran .1 of Toys MR" Us
`games store. The deal could create a toy giant., combining e on me um
`
`1.
`
`tially would stand on its own, and would be more susceptible to fotigue, which would result I:
`
`757
`
`Petitioners Microsoft Corp. and HP Inc. - Ex. 1035, p. 757
`
`\
`
`• 1
`
`10 10111 Co111pute~ A co_mputer controlled by internal~ stored
`510,,d ~ '" synthesize and store instructions, and that con subsequen~y execute
`~ • . c See also Stored Program Control . .
`fho58 ins1JUcfi011S. ralll Control SPC. The routing of a phone coll through a switch-
`5,0,~ . ':'Jed by a program stored in D computer~ike device, which mar well be D
`in9 ~x 15 a~amputer. Before SPC ~tches ;ame .. along, the ro~rx dialing o the phone
`throug_h their d1almg path. This was
`speaof!lurpose nts of the switch to directly step
`caused me el:~me since dialing con be slow. Also subscnbers con abort ha~ way (they
`~oWond ~m k) and' this con mess up the switch's efficiency. Thus the move to stored
`0j switches was very significo~t. !fiese d~ys vi~tmlly all switches as stored
`rnode o mis!O
`progrom conlr I Nothing happens in the sw1tchmg mo~x until the stored program control
`progrom contro d"aling digits and decides what to do with them.
`1eceives 01( m;o~er should hove thrown him away and kept the stork - Mae West.
`Stork Hi 119 In O coll center, agents rvpically need access to ~any databases. In the
`Stov•f P sed dumb terminals. They log mto one computer, get mto one database, go
`~ me;;eit~ When they need information out ~f another dotabas~, they've typically ~ad
`er b I of the previous database, the previous computer, log mto another and climb
`to di~n:\. This is called st~vepiping, because it fo_llows the contours of a stovepipe.
`: ~ agents have intelligent computers as tenmmals. They con access several data(cid:173)
`of ooce by simp~ having different windows open on their screen or having a front
`~rogrom ~at populates a screen with information from several databases, most like~
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. .
`.
`.
`.
`ugng a GUI interface.
`STP l Shielded Twisted Pmr. Twisted pair CTP) wmng with a metallic shield surrounding
`lhe ~ kanying conductors in order to protect them from ambient noise in the fonm of EMI
`(~Magnetic Interference). The outer shield may be in the fonm of a thin metallic mesh
`in the case of ScTP (Screened Twisted Pair). Alternative~, it may be in the fonm of a very
`tiJn melllllic foil in the case of FTP (Foil Twisted Pair), which also is known as SSTP (Double(cid:173)
`Slielded Twisted Pair, as in Shielded-Shielded Twisted Pair). In either case, the shield effec(cid:173)
`twely serves to ensure noi~free information transfer. The shield, however, acts as on anterr
`00, converting received noise into current flowing in the shield; it must be properly electri(cid:173)
`co~ grounded with a drain wire, or the shield current actual~ wi11 intensify the noise prol>(cid:173)
`lern. f.Jr( discontinuity in the shield also will result in increosed noise. To function effective(cid:173)
`~, every component of a shielded cabling system must be fully shielded, and the continuity
`of the shie~ must be moinloined across coble splices. See also Attenuation and STP-A.
`2. S~nol Transfer Point. The pocket switch in the notion's emerging Common Channel
`lnleroffice Signaling (CCIS) system. The CCIS is a pocket switched network operating at
`I ·
`4800 bits per second. CCIS replaces both SF (Single Frequency) and MF (Multi-frequerr
`If
`•· ~!!!. con
`diale