lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
`USOO71 10444131
`
`(12) United States Patent
`(10) Patent N0.:
`US 7,110,444 B1
`Sorrells et al.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Sep. 19, 2006
`
`(5:1) WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK
`(Vt/LAN) USING UNIVERSAL FREQUENCY
`TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY INCLUDING
`MULTI-PHASE ENIBODIMENTS AND
`CIRCUIT IMPLEMENTATIONS
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`2,057,613 A
`2,241,078 A
`
`10/1936 Gardner ......................... 250/8
`5/1941 Vreeland ..................... 179/15
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: David F. Sorrells, Middleburg, Fl,
`(US); Michael J. Bulfinan,
`Jacksonville, FL (US); Robert W.
`Cook, Switzerland, FL (US); Richard
`C. Looke, Jacksonville, FL (US);
`Charley D. Moses, Jr., Jacksonville,
`FL (US); Gregory S. Rawlins, Lake
`Mary, FL (U S); Michael W. Rawlins,
`Lake Mary, Fl, (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: ParkerVision, Inc., Jacksonville, FL
`(US)
`
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DE
`DE
`
`35 41031 A1
`42 37 692 C1
`
`5/1986
`3/1994
`
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`English Translation of German Patent Publication No. DE
`196 48 915 Al,10 pp.
`
`(Continued)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(1)) by 1111 days.
`
`Primary Examiner-yr Chieh M, Fan
`Assistant Examiner—Kev in Kim
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmwSterne, Kessler, Goldstein
`& Fox P.L.I,,.C.
`
`(2]) Appl. No: 09/632,856
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`
`
`22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Aug. 4, 2000
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`63) Continuation-impart of application No. 09/525,615, filed on
`Mar. 14, 2000, and a continuationvin-part ofapplication No.
`09/526,041, filed on Mar, 14, 2000.
`Provisional application No. 60/147,129, filed on Aug. 4,
`1999.
`
`60)
`
`51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`[1041. 5/16
`
`(2006.01)
`
`52) US. Cl.
`
`........................ 375/222; 375/328; 455/137
`
`58) Field of Classification Search ................. 375/222,
`375/328,324,349;455/131,137,150.1,
`455/1891, 190.1, 313, 323, 326
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`Frequency translation and applications of the same are
`described herein, including RF modem and wireless local
`area network (WLAN) applications. In embodiments, the
`WLAN invention includes an antenna, an INA/PA module,
`a receiver,
`a transmitter, a control signal generator, a
`demodulation/modulation facilitation module, and a MAC
`interface. The WLAN receiver includes at least one univer-
`sal
`fiequency translation module that
`frequency down-
`converts a received EM signal. In embodiments, the UFT
`based receiver is configured in a multi—phase embodiment to
`reduce or eliminate rte-radiation that is caused by DC offset.
`The WLAN transmitter includes at
`least one universal
`frequency translation module that frequency tip-converts a
`baseband signal
`in preparation for transmission over the
`wireless LAN. In embodiments, the UFT based transmitter
`is configured in a difierential and multi-phase embodiment
`to reduce. carrier insertion and spectral growth.
`
`32 Claims, 349 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`l lL..-—
`
`
`
`INTEL 1001
`
`Intel v. ParkerVision
`
`|PR2020-01265
`
`Intel 1024
`
`Intel v. ParkerVision
`IPR2020-01265
`Intel 1024
`
`

`

`US 7,1 10,444 B1
`Page 2
`
`
`11.8. PATjNT DOCUMENTS
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`.. 340/347
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`..
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`
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`
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`
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`
`

`

`US 7,110,444 B1
`Page. 3
`
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`11/1994 Kosugi et 211.
`. 455/59
`11/1994 Takagi et a1.
`375/103
`12/1994 Chalmers ........
`.. 341/143
`1/1995 Mizomoto et a1
`.. 359/125
`1/1995 Thompson et al.
`2/1995 Takatori et al.
`........ 364/724117
`2/1995 Heck
`2/1995 Webster et al.
`............ 455/5213
`3/1995 Scarpa
`348/624
`
`340/310102
`4/1995 Lee et a1.
`4/1995 Hotto ......
`370/76
`
`4/1995 Seely et al.
`455/326
`5/1995 Graham .............
`.1332/103
`5/1995 Joshi
`5/1995 Janer .......................... 375/324
`6/1995 Love at 31.
`375/347
`6/1995 Wilkinson
`6/1995 Cygan et :11.
`..... 375/126
`
`.
`.. 375/224
`6/1995 CioflS et a1.
`
`.1375/257
`6/1995 Townley
`7/1995 Palmer ..............
`.. 332/151
`8/1995 Gastounjotis er a1.
`8/1995 Mohjndra ................... 455/324
`
`8/1995 Gallagher et 211.
`8/1995 Dent et a1.
`329/302
`8/1995 lslu'kawa et al.
`1. 329/341
`
`8/1995 Heck et a1.
`..
`455/86
`8/1995 Keclxkaylo
`.. 332/100
`8/1995 Mattila et 211.
`..... 332/103
`9/1995 Ohmori et al.
`..
`..... 375/347
`
`.. 329/302
`9/1995 Lawton
`
`.. 375/322
`9/1995 Dutta
`
`9/1995 Fnu’t et al.
`372/202
`10/1995 Palmer .1
`332/117
`.. 332/151
`10/1995 Hobden
`
`11/1995 Kobayashi et :11.
`.
`. 329/315
`
`11/1995 Hiben et al.
`455/266
`11/1995 Blen .......................... 455/326
`11/1995 Zhou et a].
`. 455/332
`11/1995 McEwan ..................... 327/92
`11/1995 Pace eta].
`
`12/1995 McEwan
`
`12/1995 Chow et a1.
`1/1996 Winters
`............ 329/300
`1/1996 Kennedy et al.
`1/1996 Weinberg et al1 ........... 375/200
`1/1996 Werrbach
`1/1996 Heck et a1.
`1/1996 Pardoen
`2/1996 Whilcehart at 311
`1.
`2/1996 Peltier
`
`375/350
`2/1996 Young et a1.
`
`21996 Reis ..................... 455/339
`2/1996 Kwan et a1.
`................ 327/554
`
`...... 327/91
`................ 375/260
`
`.............. 455/2342
`
`375/316
`
`

`

`US 7,110,444 Bl
`Page 4
`
`
`5,495,202 A
`5,495,500 A
`5,499,267 A
`5,500,758 A
`5,513,389 A
`5,515,014 A
`5,517,688 A
`5,519,890 A
`5,523,719 A
`5,523,726 A
`5,523,760 A
`5,539,770 A
`5,555,453 A
`5,557,641 A
`5,557,642 A
`5,563,550 A
`5,564,097 A
`5,574,755 A
`5,579,341 A
`5,579,347 A
`5,584,068 A
`5,589,793 A
`5,592,131 A
`5,600,680 A
`5,602,847 A
`5,602,868 A
`5,604,592 A
`5,604,732 A
`5,606,731 A
`5,608,531 A
`5,610,946 A
`RE35,494 E
`5,617,451 A
`5,619,538 A
`5,621,455 A
`5,628,055 A
`5,630,227 A
`5,633,815 A
`5,636,140 A
`5,638,396 A
`5,640,415 A
`5,640,424 A
`5,640,428 A
`5,640,698 A
`5,648,985 A
`5,650,785 A
`5,661,424 A
`5,663,878 A
`5,663,986 A
`5,668,836 A
`5,675,392 A
`5,678,220 A
`5,678,226 A
`5,680,078 A
`5,680,418 A
`5,682,099 A
`5,689,413 A
`5,694,096 A
`5,697,074 A
`5,699,006 A
`5,705,949 A
`5,705,955 A
`5,710,992 A
`5,710,998 A
`5,714,910 A
`5,715,281 A
`5,721,514 A
`5,724,002 A
`5,724,653 A
`5,729,577 A
`5,729,829 A
`
`,
`
`3321103
`
`2/1996 Hsu .......................... 327/113
`2/1996 Jovanovich et al,
`.
`375/206
`311996 Ohe et a1,
`......
`375/206
`3/1996 Thompson et al,
`359/189
`
`411996 Reeser et al.
`..
`4551311
`5/1996 Troutman ,.
`. 332/178
`5/1996 Fajen et al,
`4551333
`
`5/1996 Pinckley
`, 4551307
`6/1996 Longo et al.
`327/557
`6/1996 Kroeger et al.
`332/103
`6/1996 McEwan
`,. 342/89
`
`,.
`7/1996 Ishigaki
`3751206
`9/1996 Kajimoto et al.
`,
`455/266
`
`9/1996 Weinberg
`3751295
`9/1996 Williams
`375/316
`10/1996 Toth ........................... 329/347
`1011996 Swanke
`11/1996 Persico ....................... 375/295
`................ 375/267
`11/1996 Smith et al.
`
`11/1996 Lindquist et al.
`375/346
`
`.. 455/324
`12/1996 Mohindra
`12/1996 Kassapian
`1/1997 Labreche et al.
`2/1997 Mishima et a1,
`
`370/484
`.....
`2/1997 Pagano et a1.
`
`., 3751219
`2/1997 Wilson .......
`,,,,,
`2/1997 Kotidis et al,
`356/357
`211997 Kim et al.
`.................. 370/342
`211997 Pace et al.
`.................. 386/1
`311997 Honda et al.
`.............. 375/269
`3/1997 Tanaka et al.
`
`4/1997 Nicollini
`..................... 327/554
`, 375/340
`4/1997 Mimura et al
`
`375/328
`..
`411997 Sempel et a1.
`H 348/6
`4/1997 Rogers et al.
`
`5/1997 Stein .................
`. 455/89
`................. 4551324
`5/1997 Bella et a1,
`511997 Young
`6/1997 Lee etal.
`372/92
`611997 Klimek
`375/202
`6/1997 Pandula
`
`611997 Banavong et a1,
`,
`.. 3751319
`
`,. 375/334
`611997 Abe et a1,
`
`611997 Sheri et al,
`4551323
`7/1997 Bjerede et al.
`.
`.. 375/219
`
`.. 342/357
`7/1997 Rodal
`
`8/1997 Tang .....
`., 327/105
`9/1997 Walker .....
`,. 3631159
`
`.. 375/260
`9/1997 Strifiler
`.
`,. 375/316
`9/1997 Smith et a1,
`10/1997 Nayebi et al.
`.. 348/584
`10/1997 Fournier .............
`455/302
`10/1997 Li et a1.
`10/1997 Ariie ..................
`10/1997 Croft et 31,
`
`10/1997 Thompson et a1.
`1111997 Jaramillo et al.
`12/1997 Ushiroku et al,
`12/1997 Makikallio et all,
`
`12/1997 Zele et al.
`.................. 3271341
`.. 329/304
`111998 Alelyunas et al.
`1/1998 Freeburg et a1.
`.............. 331/14
`1/1998 Sawada et al.
`111998 Opas .......................... 455/324
`211998 Skoczen etal.
`331/3
`2/1998 Bly, deceased et al.
`.
`. 3751344
`
`211998 Crockett et al.
`. 331/3
`.. 3291361
`311998 Hulick .........
`
`, 455/296
`3/1998 Baker et a1.
`311998 Chen .........
`. 3751334
`3/1998 Talwar et al.
`455/63
`
`........... 3631146
`........... 333/195
`
`
`
`
`
`332/178
`375/346
`
`
`
`5,732,333 A
`5,736,895 A
`5,737,035 A
`5,742,189 A
`5,745,846 A
`5,748,683 A
`5,751,154 A
`5,757,858 A
`5,757,870 A
`RE35,829 E
`5,760,629 A
`5,760,632 A
`5,760,645 A
`5,764,087 A
`5,767,726 A
`5,768,118 A
`5,768,323 A
`5,770,985 A
`5,771,442 A
`5,777,692 A
`5,777,77 A
`5,778,022 A
`5,784,689 A
`5,786,844 A
`5,790,587 A
`5,793,801 A
`5,793,817 A
`5,793,818 A
`5,801,654 A
`5,802,463 A
`5,809,060 A
`5,812,546 A
`5,818,582 A
`5,818,869 A
`5,825,254 A
`5,834,979 A
`5,834,985 A
`5,841,324 A
`5,841,811 A
`5,844,449 A
`5,859,878 A
`5,864,754 A
`5,870,670 A
`5,872,446 A
`5,881,375 A
`5,883,548 A
`5,892,380 A
`5,894,239 A
`5,894,496, A
`5,896,304 A
`5,896,562 A
`5,898,912 A
`5,900,747 A
`5,901,054 A
`5,901,187 A
`5,901,344 A
`5,901,347 A
`5,901,348 A
`5,901,349 A
`5,903,178 A
`5,903,187 A
`5,903,196 A
`5,903,421 A
`5,903,553 A
`5,903,595 A
`5,903,609 A
`5,903,827 A
`5,903,854 A
`5,905,449 A
`5,907,149 A
`5,907,197 A
`
`................. 348/6
`
`................ 375/347
`
`3/1998 Cox et a1, .................. 455/126
`
`,. 327/554
`41/1998 Yu et al, ...............
`4/1998 Rotzoll
`...................... 348/725
`4/1998 Yoshida et al.
`............. 327/113
`4/1998 Myer et a1,
`511998 Smith et al.
`5/1998 Tsugai
`5/1993 Black et al.
`
`
`.............. 375/367
`511998 Miya et al.
`611998 Sanderford, Jr.
`..... 3751200
`611998 Urabe et al.
`6/1998 Kawakami et al.
`
`6/1998 Comte el al, ......... 329/304
`
`6/1998 Clark .................. 3271105
`6/1998 Wang ......................... 3271356
`6/1998 Faulk et al.
`.
`363/72
`
`611998 Kroegei' et al.
`,
`.. 375/355
`
`611998 Ushiroku etal.
`333/193
`
`6/1998 Wang et a1.
`....... 455/93
`., 348/725
`711998 Ghosh
`
`.. 359/180
`7/1998 Smith
`
`
`7/1998 Walley ...........
`3751206
`7/1998 Kobaysahi
`7/1998 Rogers et al.
`8/1998 Smith et a1.
`8/1998 Farmer ....................... 375/219
`8/1998 Wilson
`8/1998 Claydon et al,
`............ 375/326
`
`9/1998 Traylor ........
`.. 341/144
`911998 Zuckerman ................. 455/208
`9/1998 Cafarella er al.
`3751206
`9/1998 Zhou et al.
`......
`. 370/342
`. 356/318
`1011998 Fernandez er a1.
`
`................. 375/206
`1011998 Miya et al.
`1011998 Lee ............................. 331/25
`11/1998 Yatsuka
`1111998 Sundeg.ang.rd ............. 332/100
`1111998 Williams ..................... 331/17
`11/1998 Song .......................... 375/235
`1211998 Abeno et al.
`.
`. 332/105
`
`1/1999 Phillips etal.
`. 375/316
`1/1999 Hotto .................
`.. 455/280
`211999 Ripley et 111.
`323/315
`2/1999 Cranford, Jr. et al.
`. 455/118
`3/1999 Bonds .............
`
`............... 329/306
`3/1999 Assard et a1,
`..................
`4/1999 Quist
`3271172
`
`411999 Bonaccio et a1
`. 327/176
`411999 Jones ......................... 455/126
`4/1999 Tiemann et al.
`4/1999 Heinonen .................... 455/76
`4/1999 Heck et al.
`511999 Brauns .......................... 327/9
`511999 Leu eta].
`363/41
`
`.375/347
`5/1999 Iinuma
`5/1999 Opas .............. 455176
`
`5/1999 Chambers et al.
`. 455/2341
`
`5/1999 Bang et al.
`455/254
`511999 Guegnaud et al,
`455/302
`
`511999 Miyatsuji et a1.
`.
`327/308
`..
`3291342
`5/1999 Claverie et a1,
`,. 331/16
`5/1999 Salvi et al.
`
`..
`., 361/58
`5/1999 Furutani et a1,
`
`5/1999 Sakamoto et al.
`370/338
`
`511999 Suzuki
`..........
`375/207
`511999 Kool et a1,
`375/261
`5/1999 Kennan et a].
`.. 455/326
`
`......
`5/1999 Abe et al.
`4551575
`5/1999 Tsubouchi et al.
`340/925.69
`
`.......
`511999 Marckini
`235/487
`
`
`511999 Faulk ..................
`.. 307/119
`
`

`

`US 7,110,444 131
`
`6,307,894
`6,313,685
`6,314,279
`6,317,589
`6,321,073
`6,327,313
`6,330,244
`6,335,656
`6,353,735
`6,363,262
`6,366,622
`6,370,371
`6,400,963
`6,421,534
`6,459,721
`6,516,185
`6,531,979
`6,542,722
`6,560,301
`6,580,902
`6,600,795
`6,600,911
`6,608,647
`6,61 1,569
`6,634,555
`6,647,250
`6,686,879
`6,687,493
`6,690,232
`6,694,128
`6,697,603
`6,704,549
`6,704,558
`
`B1
`Bl
`B1
`Bl *
`B1
`Bl
`131
`B1
`B1
`B1
`B1
`Bl
`B1
`Bl
`Bl
`Bl
`B1
`B1
`B1
`Bl
`Bl
`Bl
`B1
`El
`B1
`B1
`B1 *
`B1
`B1
`B1
`B1
`B1 *
`Bl
`"‘
`
`"‘
`
`10/2001
`1 1/2001
`1 1/2001
`1 1/2001
`1 1/2001
`12/2001
`12/2001
`1/2002
`3/2002
`3/2002
`4/2002
`4/2002
`6/2002
`7/2002
`1*0/2002
`2/2003
`3/2003
`4/2003
`5/2003
`6/2003
`7/2003
`7/2003
`8/2003
`8/2003
`10/2003
`1 1/2003
`2/2004
`2/2004
`2/2004
`2/2004
`2/2004
`3/2004
`3/2004
`
`............. 455/118
`
`............. 455/323
`
`Eidson et a1.
`Rabii
`Mohindra
`455/2452
`Nash
`Luz et a].
`Traylor et a1.
`Swarm et a].
`Goldfarb at a],
`Sorrells et a1.
`Mchco]
`Brown et a].
`Sorrens et a1.
`Glockler et :11.
`Cook et :11,
`Mochizukj et a],
`MacNally
`Hynes
`Sorrells et :11.
`Cook et a}.
`Sorrells ct 211,
`Ohm et a1.
`Morishige et a].
`King
`Schier et a1.
`Sorrells et a1.
`Bultman at Al.
`Shattil
`Sorrells et a1.
`Ueno et a1.
`Sorrells et a1.
`Lovinggood et a1.
`Sorrells et a].
`Sorrens er a1.
`
`DE
`DE
`DE
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`131’
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`131’
`EP
`EP
`131’
`EP
`131’
`EP
`EP
`131’
`EP
`EP
`BP
`131’
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`Al
`196 27 640
`1/1997
`A1
`196 48 915
`6/1998
`197 35 798
`C1
`7/1998
`A1
`0 035
`166
`9/1981
`A1
`0 099 265
`1/1984
`0 087 336
`B1
`7/1986
`2/1988
`0 254 844
`A2
`0 193 899
`Bl
`6/1990
`A2
`8/1990
`0 380 351
`0 380 351
`A3
`2/1991
`0 411 840
`2/1991
`A2
`4/1991
`0 423 718
`A2
`0 411 840
`A3
`7/1991
`0 485 095
`A1
`5/1992
`0 423 718
`A3
`8/1992
`O 512 748
`A2
`11/1992
`A1
`0 529 836
`3/1993
`A1
`0 548 542
`6/1993
`0 512 748
`A3
`7/1993
`0 087 336
`A1
`8/1993
`0 560 228
`A1
`9/1993
`0 632 288
`A2
`1/1995
`A1
`O 632 577
`1/1995
`O 643 477
`A2
`3/1995
`A3
`0 643 477
`3/1995
`131
`0 411 840
`10/1995
`0 696 854
`A1
`2/1996
`0 632 288
`A3
`7/1996
`0 732 803
`A1
`9/1996
`0 486 095
`B1
`2/1997
`A2
`0 782 275
`7/1997
`A1
`0 785 635
`7/1997
`A2
`8/1997
`0 789 449
`A3
`9/1997
`0 795 955
`0 795 955
`A2
`9/1997
`0 795 978
`A2
`9/1997
`
`
`
`332/128
`455/1951
`
`375/334
`
`375/206
`
`375/148
`
`370/508
`Cox et a]. ............
`.. 455/83
`Nosswitz
`
`.............. 455/554
`Shaffer et a].
`1110116 ......................... 327/172
`.. 73/658
`Mallick
`
`Sauer .................
`324/678
`Wakai et a1.
`329/304
`Suominen et a].
`Schieret 211.
`............... 375/350
`Lam et a].
`Smith ......................... 375/334
`Nakasujj et al.
`....... 235/46246
`DeLuca et al.
`McCune, Jr. et al.
`Feldtkeller et 31.
`31131111
`
`Lim ..................... 363/17 '
`
`Shibano at a],
`375/207
`Schick et a].
`Baza1janj et al.
`Cabler
`Naden et a1.
`Mendelovjcz
`Takeyabu et al.
`Nayebi et 31.
`P650113 et a1.
`Noro et al.
`Sanielevlci et a].
`Long
`Harrison eta].
`Aswell er a].
`Davldovjci et a].
`Chao et a1.
`Song
`Cook et a].
`455/313
`Kobayashi
`..
`. 327/357
`
`Sorrells et al.
`455/118
`
`............ 455/313
`Bultman et a].
`Waczynski et a1.
`Kato et a].
`Sokoler
`Hartley 61 211.
`Pmsanna
`Renard et a1,
`Dasgupm
`................. 375/316
`Zhou et a].
`Palermo ct 31.
`455/102
`Bank
`455/118
`Sorrells et
`.
`
`Moriyama et a].
`.......... 455/126
`Abou-Allam et 211.
`Cooper et 21.1.
`
`235/4721
`Swift et a].
`.
`327/326
`Traylor .......
`455/313
`Rowland, Jr.
`
`Vice et a1.
`............... 327/113
`
`Jiang
`
`455/323
`Dunc
`250/214 R
`Levy ..........
`
`356/484
`Steinlechner
`Damgamd et a1.
`............ 331/14
`Abbey
`Bonn et a1.
`Lee
`Mimma ...................... 455/323
`Kashlma
`Nagata
`Meyerson et a1.
`Tilley et al.
`Tayloe
`Sonells e: 31.
`
`
`
`..... 455/121
`
`.......... 345/173
`
`............. 455/118
`
`6/1999
`6/1999
`6/1999
`6/1999
`6/1999
`7/1999
`7/1999
`7/1999
`8/1999
`8/1999
`8/1999
`8/1999
`9/1999
`9/1999
`9/1999
`9/1999
`9/1999
`9/1999
`10/1999
`1 1/1999
`1 1/1999
`12/1999
`12/1999
`1/2000
`1/2000
`1/2000
`1/2000
`1/2000
`2/2000
`2/2000
`2/2000
`3/2000
`4/2000
`4/2000
`4/2000
`4/2000
`5/2000
`5/2000
`5/2000
`5/2000
`6/2000
`6/2000
`6/2000
`6/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`7/2000
`8/2000
`8/2000
`9/2000
`9/2000
`1 1/2000
`11/2000
`1 1/2000
`1 1/2000
`1 1/2000
`1 1/2000
`1 1/2000
`122000
`1/2001
`1/2001
`, 112001
`3/2001
`4/2001
`5/2001
`5/2001
`7/2001
`
`+ .
`
`1.
`
`11:
`
`5,909,447 A
`5,911,116 A
`5,911,123 A
`5,914,622 A
`5,915,278 A
`5,920,199 A
`5,926,065 A
`5,926,513 A
`5,933,467 A
`5,937,013 A
`5,943,370 A
`5,945,660 A
`5,949,827 A
`5,952,895 A
`5,953,642 A
`5,955,992 A
`5,959,850 A
`5,960,033 A
`5,970,053 A
`5,982,315 A
`5,995,030 A
`5,999,561 A
`6,005,903 A
`6,011,435 A
`6,014,176 A
`6,014,551 A
`6,018,262 A
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`6,028,887 A
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`6,061,555 A
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`6,266,518 Bl
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`EP
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`W0
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`W0
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`W0
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`0 817 369 A2
`0 817 369 A3
`0 837 565 A1
`0 862 274 A1
`0 874 499 A2
`0 512 748 B1
`0 877 476 A1
`0 977 341 A
`2 245 130
`2 669 787 A1
`2 743 231 A1
`2 161 344 A
`2 215 945 A
`2 324 919 A
`56114451
`59-144249
`60130203
`61~30821
`63-54002
`2—39632
`2-131629
`2-276351
`5-327356
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`1/1998
`1/1998
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`4/1975
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`3/1997
`10/1997
`1/1998
`6/1998
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`5/1999
`6/2000
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