(12) United States Patent
`Walters et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,850,844 Bl
`Feb.1,2005
`
`I 1111111111111111 11111 111111111111111 IIIII 1111111111 111111111111111 11111111
`
`
`
`
`
`US006850844 B 1
`
`(54) PORTABLE NAVIGATION DEVICE WITH
`INTEGRATED GPS AND DEAD RECKONING
`CAPABILITIES
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Thomas H. Walters, Gardner, KS
`(US); Cliff A. Pemble, Olathe, KS
`(US); Min H. Kao, Leawood, KS (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Garmin Ltd. (KY)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by O days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 10/184,844
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jun. 28, 2002
`
`Int. Cl.7 ................................................ G0lC 21/00
`(51)
`(52) U.S. Cl. ........................................ 701/216; 701/208
`(58) Field of Search ................................. 701/216, 208,
`701/201, 207, 209, 211, 213, 217; 340/990,
`995, 944, 945; 455/426.1, 67.11, 423, 456,
`461; 342/357.1
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`Phillips et al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4/5 .6 D
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`Odagawa ....................
`364/449
`Kuwahara et al. .......... 364/449
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`Geier et al. ................. 701/216
`Masumoto et al. ......... 364/449
`Nobe et al. ... .. ... ... . 364/424.05
`Snider ........................
`701/207
`Steiner et al.
`.............. 342/357
`Nobe et al. .............. 364/449.3
`Grube et al. ............... 455/54.1
`Baba ..........................
`701/221
`Janky .........................
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`DeLorme et al. . . . . . . . . . . . 701/200
`Sato et al. .................. 701/217
`Croyle et al. ............... 701/213
`Kato et al. .................. 701/216
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`
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`
`................. 342/357.14
`Nichols
`Kohli
`.........................
`701/213
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`.........................
`701/200
`Dussell et al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701/207
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`701/200
`DeLorme et al. . . . . . . . . . . . 701/201
`Green et al. ................ 701/213
`Meek et al.
`........... 342/357.13
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`Lee et al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701/200
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`................ 375/134
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`Kohli
`.........................
`701/213
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`................. 342/357.1
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`......... 342/357.13
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`Obradovich et al. . . . . . . . . 701/208
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`Kohli
`.........................
`701/213
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`................ 702/160
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`......................
`701/209
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`................ 701/213
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`
`Primary Examiner-Marthe Y. Marc-Coleman
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Devon A. Rolf
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for portable
`navigation devices with various integrated positioning func(cid:173)
`tionality. The apparatus includes a portable electronic device
`having a processor in communication with a memory. The
`memory is adapted to store navigation related data. The
`navigation related data includes cartographic data including
`a number of locations and data indicative of thoroughfares
`of a plurality of types connecting certain ones of the loca(cid:173)
`tions. The portable electronic device includes a GPS receiver
`adapted to communicate with the memory and processor.
`And, the portable electronic device includes a dead reckon(cid:173)
`ing component,
`including a rate gyro, pedometer, and/or
`accelerometer adapted
`to communicate
`to memory and
`processor.
`
`29 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
`
`43J
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`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.1,2005
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 1,2005
`
`Sheet 2 of 7
`
`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`232
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`234
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`230
`
`/
`
`236
`
`239
`
`FIG. 2A
`
`232
`
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`
`242
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`FIG. 28
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.1,2005
`
`Sheet 3 of 7
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`US 6,850,844 Bl
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`322
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`FIG. 3A
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`FIG. 38
`
`FIG. 3C
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.1,2005
`
`Sheet 4 of 7
`
`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`420
`
`INPUT
`
`425
`
`410
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`
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`
`FIG. 4A
`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.1,2005
`
`Sheet 5 of 7
`
`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`433
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`
`IPR2020-01192
`Apple EX1028 Page 6
`
`

`

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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.1,2005
`
`Sheet 7 of 7
`
`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`610
`
`,,J
`
`USING A HANOHELD DEVICE TO DETERMINE POSITION,
`THE DEVICE HAVING BOTH A TRIANGULATION POSITIONING
`AND A DEAD RECKONING POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY
`620
`USING THE DEAD RECKONING POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY
`TO DETERMINE THE POSITION WHEN THE TRIANGULATION
`
`POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY IS INTERRUPTED
`FIG. 6
`
`'
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`
`USING A PORTABLE DEVICE TO DETERMINE A POSITION,
`THE PORTABLE DEVICE HAVING BOTH GPS POSITIONING
`AND A DEAD RECKONING POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY
`720
`
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`
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`
`RESOLVING THE POSITION OF THE DEVICE USING THE
`GPS FUNCTIONALITY WHEN GPS SERVICE IS AVAILABLE
`~
`730
`RESOLVING THE POSITION OF THE DEVICE USING THE
`
`DEAD RECKONING POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY IN
`COMPLEMENT TO THE CSP POSITIONING FUNCTIONALITY
`WHEN GPS SERVICE IS DEGRADED
`FIG. 7
`
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`810
`PERFORM THE ROUTE CALCULATION USING SOFTWARE
`OPERABLE ON A HANDHELD DEVICE HAVING
`GPS AND DEAD RECKONING CAPABILITIES
`820
`~
`TRACKING A LOCATION OF THE HANDHELD DEVICE
`USING THE GPS AND DEAD RECKONING CAPABILITIES
`FIG. 8
`
`,,J
`
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`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`1
`PORTABLE NAVIGATION DEVICE WITH
`INTEGRATED GPS AND DEAD RECKONING
`CAPABILITIES
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is related to the following co-pending,
`commonly assigned U.S. patent applications: "Systems and
`Methods with
`Integrated GPS and Dead Reckoning
`Functionality,", Ser. No. 10/184,373, "Rugged, Waterproof,
`Navigation Device with Touch Panel,", Ser. No. 10/186,155,
`and "Rugged, Waterproof, Navigation Device with Touch
`Panel,", Ser. No. 10/185,604, which are filed on even date
`herewith and which disclosures are herein incorporated by
`reference.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`to navigation
`invention relates generally
`The present
`devices and, more particularly,
`to portable navigation
`devices with integrated Global Positioning System (GPS)
`and dead reckoning capabilities.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`15
`
`Electronic navigation devices employing Global Position-
`ing System ("GPS") receivers are known. The GPS includes
`a plurality of satellites that are in orbit about the Earth. The
`orbit of each satellite is not necessarily synchronous with the
`orbits of other satellites and, in fact, is likely asynchronous.
`The GPS receiver device receives spread spectrum GPS 30
`satellite signals from the various satellites. The spread
`spectrum signals continuously transmitted from each satel(cid:173)
`lite utilize a highly accurate frequency standard accom(cid:173)
`plished with an extremely accurate atomic clock. Each
`satellite, as part of its data signal transmission, transmits a 35
`data stream indicative of that particular satellite. The GPS
`receiver device acquires spread spectrum GPS satellite sig(cid:173)
`nals from at least three satellites to calculate its two-I
`dimensional position by triangulation. Acquisition of an
`additional signal, resulting in signals from a total of four
`satellites, permits the GPS receiver device to calculate its
`three-dimensional position. In this manner, an electronic
`navigation device employing a GPS receiver has the ability
`to accurately compute the position of the device in real time,
`even as the device moves. One example of an electronic
`navigation device is the eMAP portable electronic map
`manufactured by Garmin International.
`Although GPS enabled devices are often used to describe
`navigation devices, it will be readily appreciated that satel(cid:173)
`lites need not be used at all to determine a geographic
`position of a receiving unit, since cellular towers or any
`customized
`transmitting radio frequency
`towers can be
`deployed and combined in groups of three or more. With
`such a configuration, any standard geometric triangulation 55
`algorithm can be used to determine an approximate location
`of the receiving unit.
`In recent years, attempts have been made to combine
`navigation and geographic positioning services on other
`types of multipurpose devices, e.g. PDAs, cell phones and
`other intelligent appliances/apparel of the like. PDAs, for
`example, are small, substantially hand-held computers that
`are used for storing, manipulating and retrieving data. One
`example of a PDA is the Palm Pilot® manufactured by
`3Com Corporation.
`Plug-in GPS receiver modules for PDAs are known.
`There are problems associated with various plug-in GPS
`
`25
`
`2
`receiver modules and PDAs. One problem is that a PDA
`with a plug-in GPS receiver module is cumbersome
`to
`handle and use. Two separate devices must be handled.
`Additionally, the plug-in GPS receiver module and the PDA
`5 do not function together to provide integrated PDA features.
`Further, among portable electronic navigation devices,
`including PDAs with plug-in receiver modules, there does
`not exist a back-up mechanism for continuing navigation
`related services when positioning signal reception is lost.
`10 This is particularly problematic when such devices are used
`in "urban-canyons" such as street level in a city beneath
`towering sky scrapers which "shade" or block satellite
`reception. Likewise, such devices typically lose their navi(cid:173)
`gation related services once they are taken indoors within
`buildings.
`Therefore, there exists a need for a portable electronic
`device that incorporates triangulation positioning function(cid:173)
`ality with a complementary navigation related functionality
`such that the device can continue to provide navigation
`related services in "urban-canyons" or indoors. Further,
`20 there exists a need for a portable electronic device that
`integrates triangulation positioning functionality with other
`handheld device functionality, e.g. cell phone and/or PDA
`functionality, in a manner which is not cumbersome
`to
`handle or to use.
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The above mentioned problems of navigational devices
`are addressed by the present invention and will be under(cid:173)
`stood by reading and studying the following specification.
`Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for portable
`navigation devices which incorporate triangulation position(cid:173)
`ing functionality with a complementary navigation related
`functionality such that the device can continue to provide
`navigation related services in "urban-canyons" or indoors.
`Further, in some embodiments, the apparatus, systems and
`methods
`integrate
`triangulation positioning
`functionality
`with other handheld device functionality, e.g. cell phone
`and/or PDA functionality, in a manner which is not cum(cid:173)
`bersome to handle or to use.
`In one embodiment of the present invention, a portable
`40 electronic device having a processor in communication with
`a memory. The memory is adapted to store navigation
`related data. The navigation related data includes carto(cid:173)
`graphic data including a number of locations and data
`indicative of thoroughfares of a plurality of types connecting
`45 certain ones of the locations. The portable electronic device
`includes a GPS receiver adapted to communicate with the
`memory and processor. And, the portable electronic device
`includes a dead reckoning component, including a rate gyro
`and/or accelerometer adapted to communicate to memory
`50 and processor. The device is adapted to track location of the
`device using the GPS receiver when GPS service is available
`and the device is adapted to track a location of the device
`using the dead reckoning component in complement to the
`GPS receiver when GPS service is degraded.
`These and other aspects, embodiments, advantages, and
`features of the present invention will be set forth in part in
`the description which follows, and in part will become
`apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the
`following description of the invention and referenced draw-
`60 ings or by practice of the invention. The aspects, advantages,
`and features of the invention are realized and attained by
`means of the instrumentalities, procedures, and combina(cid:173)
`tions particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
`
`65
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`FIG. 1 is a representative view of a Global Positioning
`System (GPS);
`
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`US 6,850,844 Bl
`
`3
`FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate views for one embodiment of
`an electronic navigational device according to the teachings
`of the present invention;
`FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate views for another embodiment of
`an electronic navigational device according to the teachings
`of the present invention;
`FIG. 4A is a block diagram of one embodiment for the
`electronic components within the hardware of FIGS. 2A-2B
`according to the teachings of the present invention;
`FIG. 4B is a block diagram of one embodiment for the
`electronic components within the hardware of FIGS. 3A-3C
`according to the teachings of the present invention;
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram of another embodiment for a
`navigation system according to the teachings of the present 15
`invention;
`FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a
`navigation aid method according to the teachings of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a
`navigation aid method according to the teachings of the
`present invention; and
`FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a
`navigation aid method according to the teachings of the
`present invention.
`
`25
`
`10
`
`4
`Additionally, acquiring a fourth satellite signal will allow the
`receiving device to calculate its three-dimensional position
`by the same geometrical calculation. The positioning and
`velocity data can be updated in real time on a continuous
`5 basis by an unlimited number of users.
`FIG. 1 is representative of a GPS denoted generally by
`reference numeral 100. A plurality of satellites 120 are in
`orbit about the Earth 124. The orbit of each satellite 120 is
`not necessarily synchronous with the orbits of other satel(cid:173)
`lites 120 and, in fact, is likely asynchronous. A GPS receiver
`device 140 of the present invention
`is shown receiving
`spread spectrum GPS satellite signals 160 from the various
`satellites 120.
`The spread spectrum signals 160 continuously transmitted
`from each satellite 120 utilize a highly accurate frequency
`standard accomplished with an extremely accurate atomic
`clock. Each satellite 120, as part of its data signal transmis(cid:173)
`sion 160, transmits a data stream indicative of that particular
`satellite 120. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the
`20 relevant art that the GPS receiver device 140 must acquire
`spread spectrum GPS satellite signals 160 from at least three
`satellites 120 for the GPS receiver device 140 to calculate its
`two-dimensional position by triangulation. Acquisition of an
`additional signal 160, resulting in signals 160 from a total of
`four satellites 120, permits GPS receiver device 140 to
`calculate its three-dimensional position.
`FIG. 2A and 213 illustrate views for one embodiment of
`an electronic navigational device 230 according
`to the
`30 teachings of the present invention. As one of ordinary skill
`in the art will understand upon reading this disclosure, the
`device can be portable and can be utilized in any number of
`implementations such as automobile, personal marine craft,
`and avionic navigation. In the embodiment of FIG. 2A a
`35 front view of the navigational device 230 is provided
`showing the navigational device has a generally rectangular
`housing 232. The housing 232 is constructed of resilient
`material and has been rounded for aesthetic and ergonomic
`purposes. As shown in FIG. 2A, the control face 234 has
`40 access slots for an input key pad 238, other individual keys
`239, and a display screen 236. In one embodiment,
`the
`display screen 236 is a LCD display which is capable of
`displaying both
`text and graphical
`information. The
`invention, however, is not so limited. Audio information can
`45 likewise be provided in one embodiment.
`In FIG. 2B, a side view of the navigational device 230 is
`provided. FIG. 2B illustrates that the device's housing 232
`is defined by an outer front case 240 and a rear case 242. As
`shown in FIG. 2B, the outer front case 240 is defined by the
`control face 234. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B, the
`outer front case 240 and the rear case 242 are made of one
`molded piece to form the device housing 232 and support
`input key pad 238, other individual keys 239, and display
`screen 236 in respective access slots shown in the control
`face 234 of FIG. 2A.
`FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate views for another embodiment of
`an electronic navigational device 310 according
`to the
`teachings of the present invention. The navigational device
`310 shown in FIGS. 3A-3C
`includes a personal digital
`assistant (PDA) with integrated GPS receiver and cellular
`transceiver according to the teachings of the present inven(cid:173)
`tion. The GPS integrated PDA operates with an operating
`system (OS) such as, for example, the well-known Palm or
`Pocket PC operating systems, or the lesser-used Linux OS.
`As shown in the top view of FIG. 3A, the GPS integrated
`PDA310 includes an internal integrated GPS patch antenna
`314 and a cellular transceiver 316 contained in a housing
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF IBE
`INVENTION
`
`In the following detailed description of the invention,
`reference is made to the accompanying drawings which
`form a part hereof, and in which is shown, by way of
`illustration, specific embodiments
`in which the invention
`may be practiced. The embodiments are intended to describe
`aspects of the invention in sufficient detail to enable those
`skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodi(cid:173)
`ments may be utilized and changes may be made without
`departing from the scope of the present invention. The
`following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken
`in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is
`defined only by the appended claims, along with the full
`scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
`The present invention is drawn to, among other things,
`apparatus, systems and methods for a portable electronic
`device that incorporate triangulation positioning functional(cid:173)
`ity with a back-up navigation related service such that the
`device can continue to provide navigation related services in
`"urban-canyons" or indoors. One type of navigational sys(cid:173)
`tem includes Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Such sys(cid:173)
`tems are known and have a variety of uses. In general, GPS 50
`is a satellite-based radio navigation system capable of deter(cid:173)
`mining continuous position, velocity, time, and in some
`instances direction information for an unlimited number of
`users. Formally known as NAVSTAR, the GPS incorporates
`a plurality of satellites which orbit the earth in extremely 55
`precise orbits. Based on these precise orbits, GPS satellites
`can relay their location to any number of receiving units.
`The GPS system is implemented when a device specially
`equipped to receive GPS data begins scanning radio fre(cid:173)
`quencies for GPS satellite signals. Upon receiving a radio 60
`signal from a GPS satellite, the device can determine the
`precise location of that satellite via one of different conven(cid:173)
`tional methods. The device will continue scanning for sig(cid:173)
`nals until it has acquired at least three different satellite
`signals. Implementing geometric triangulation, the receiver 65
`utilizes the three known positions
`to determine
`its own
`two-dimensional
`position
`relative
`to
`the satellites.
`
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`US 6,850,844 Bl
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`5
`318. The housing 318 is generally rectangular with a low
`profile and has a front face 320 extending from a top end 322
`to a bottom end 324. Mounted on front face 320 is a display
`screen 326, which is touch sensitive and responsive to a
`stylus 330 (shown stored in the side view of FIG. 3B) or a 5
`finger touch. FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate the stylus 330 nested
`within housing 318 for storage and convenient access in a
`conventional manner. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3A
`illustrates a number of control buttons, or input keys 328
`the bottom end 324. The invention,
`positioned
`toward
`however, is not so limited and one of ordinary skill in the art
`will appreciate that the input keys 328 can be positioned
`toward the top end 322 or at any other suitable location. The
`end view of FIG. 3C illustrates a map data cartridge bay slot
`332 and headphone jack 334 provided at the top end 322 of
`the housing 318. Again, the invention is not so limited and
`one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a map data
`cartridge bay slot 332 and headphone jack 334 can be
`provided at the bottom end 324, separately at opposite ends,
`or at any other suitable location.
`It should be understood that the structure of GPS inte(cid:173)
`grated PDA 310 is shown as illustrative of one type of
`integrated PDA navigation device. Other physical structures,
`such as a cellular telephone and a vehicle-mounted unit are
`contemplated within the scope of this invention.
`Thus, FIGS. 2A-2B and 3A-3C are provided as illustra(cid:173)
`tive examples of hardware components for a navigational
`device according to the teachings of the present invention.
`However, the invention is not limited to the configuration
`shown in FIGS. 2A-2B and 3A-3C. One of ordinary skill in
`the art will appreciate other suitable designs for a hardware
`device which can accommodate the present invention.
`FIG. 4A is a block diagram of one embodiment for the
`the hardware of FIGS.
`electronic components within
`2A-2B, such as within housing 332 and utilized by the
`electronic navigational device. In the embodiment shown in
`FIG. 4A, the electronic components include a processor 410
`which is connected to an input 420, such as keypad via line
`425. It will be understood that input 420 may alternatively
`be a microphone for receiving voice commands. Processor
`410 communicates with memory 430 via line 435. Processor
`410 also communicates with display screen 440 via line 445.
`An antenna/receiver 450, such as a GPS antenna/receiver is
`connected to processor 410 via line 455. It will be under(cid:173)
`stood that the antenna and receiver, designated by reference
`numeral 450, are combined schematically for illustration,
`but that the antenna and receiver may be separately located
`components, and that the antenna may be a GPS patch
`antenna or a helical antenna. The electronic components of
`the embodiment shown in FIG. 4Ainclude a transceiver 460
`which is coupled to the processor 410 via line 465. The
`electronic components include 1/0 ports 470 connected to
`processor 410 via line 475. The components shown in the
`embodiment of FIG. 4A can further include a compass 490.
`As one of ordinary skill in the art will understand upon
`the compass 490 can include a
`reading this disclosure,
`magnetic flux gate compass or other electronic compass
`design and be communicatively coupled to the processor via
`495. The electronic components further include at least one
`dead reckoning component 480 connected to the processor
`410 via line 485. According to the teachings of the present
`invention,
`the at least one dead reckoning component
`includes, by way of example and not by way of limitation,
`a rate gyro, pedometer, and/or an accelerometer as the same
`are known and understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
`One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, upon reading
`this disclosure, that other dead reckoning components suited
`
`6
`invention are
`the advantages of the present
`to provide
`considered equally within the scope of the present invention.
`FIG. 4B is a block diagram of one embodiment for the
`electronic components within the hardware of FIGS. 3A-3C
`and utilized by the GPS integrated PDA310 according to the
`teachings of the present invention. The electronic compo-
`nents shown in FIG. 4B include a processor 436 which is
`connected to the GPS antenna 414 through GPS receiver 438
`via line 441. The processor 436 interacts with an operating
`10 system (such as PalmOS; Pocket PC) that runs selected
`software depending on the intended use of the PDA 310.
`Processor 436 is coupled with memory 442 such as RAM via
`line 444, and power source 446 for powering the electronic
`components of PDA 310. In some embodiments the power
`internal to the PDA 310. The
`15 source includes batteries
`processor 436 communicates with touch sensitive display
`screen 426 via data line 448.
`The electronic components further include two other input
`sources that are connected to the processor 436. Control
`20 buttons 428 are connected to processor 436 via line 451 and
`a map data cartridge 433 inserted into cartridge bay 432 is
`connected via line 452. A conventional serial 1/0 port 454 is
`connected to the processor 436 via line 456. Cellular antenna
`416 is connected
`transceiver 458, which
`to cellular
`is
`25 connected to the processor 436 via line 466. Processor 436
`is connected to the speaker/headphone jack 434 via line 462.
`The components shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4B can
`further include a compass 490. As one of ordinary skill in the
`art will understand upon reading this disclosure, the com-
`30 pass 490 can include a magnetic flux gate compass or other
`electronic compass design and be communicatively coupled
`to the processor via 491. The PDA310 may also include an
`infrared port (not shown) coupled to the processor 436 that
`may be used to beam information from one PDA to another.
`35 The same will be explained in more detail below.
`According to the teachings of the present invention, and
`as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 4A and 4B, the
`electronic components of the present invention include a
`memory, shown as 442 in FIG. 4B, which is adapted to store
`40 and/or house a set of executable
`instructions, programs,
`and/or program modules. For ease of illustration,
`the
`memory will be discussed in reference to FIG. 4B where in
`the memory 442 is coupled to the processor 436 via line 444.
`As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate,
`the
`45 memory 442 is adapted to communicate with the processor
`436. In the invention, the memory 442 is further adapted to
`store or house navigation related data and is adapted to
`house or store software operable to perform routing algo(cid:173)
`rithms. Examples of such routing algorithms include, but are
`50 not limited to, routing algorithms as described in commonly
`assigned applications entitled; "Systems and Methods for a
`Navigational Device with Improved Route Calculation
`Capabilities," application Ser. No. 10/028,057. U.S. Pat. No.
`6,545,637, "Systems and Methods for a Navigational Device
`55 with Forced Layer Switching Based on Memory
`Constraints," application Ser. No. 10/027,159, U.S. Pat. No.
`6,581,003, "Navigation System. Method and Device with
`Automatic Next Turn Page," application serial number
`10/029,917, "Navigation System, Method and Device with
`60 Voice Guidance," application Ser. No. 10/029,732, "Navi(cid:173)
`gation System. Method and Device with Detour Algorithm,"
`application Ser. No. 10/028,343, each of which is incorpo(cid:173)
`rated herein by specific reference.
`According to the teachings of the present invention, the
`65 navigation related data includes cartographic data. The car(cid:173)
`tographic data includes a number of locations and data
`indicative of thoroughfares of a plurality of types connecting
`
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`US 6,850,844 Bl
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`
`7
`the
`certain ones of the locations. In one embodiment,
`navigation related data includes a calculated route between
`at least two of the number of locations. Further, according to
`the teachings of the present invention, the software stored or
`housed within memory 442 includes software operable to 5
`perform one or more applications for navigation. As used
`herein, software operable to perform one or more applica(cid:173)
`tions for navigation includes, but is not limited to, software
`operable to find points of interest. In one embodiment, the
`navigation related data includes navigation data selected
`from the group of a number of waypoints, a planned route,
`and points of interest. In one embodiment, the points of
`interest include points of interest selected from the group of
`geographical points of interest, entertainment venues, dining
`venues, historical points of interest, and lodging venues. In 15
`one embodiment, the navigation related data includes navi(cid:173)
`gation data selected from the group of automobile naviga(cid:173)
`tion data, marine craft navigation data, pedestrian navigation
`data, and hiking nav