THE
`
`NEW SHORTER
`OXFORD ENGLISH
`
`DICTIONARY
`
`
`
`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
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`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 1
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`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
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`THE
`
`NEW SHORTER
`OXFORD ENGLISH
`DICTIONARY
`
`ON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES
`
`
`
`EDITED BY
`
`LESLEY BROWN
`
`
`
`VOLUME 2
`
`N-Z
`
`
`
`| BAKERBOTTS ur Dallas Librar
`
`CLARENDON PRESS : OXFORD
`
`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 2
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`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 2
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`

`

`
`
`Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford 0x2 6DP
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`© Oxford University Press 1973, 1993
`
`First Edition 1933
`Second Edition 1936
`Third Edition 1944
`Reprinted with Revised Etymologies and Enlarged Addenda 1973
`This Edition 1993
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`579 1086
`
`coos ay
`
`peZTORADAB:
`pea aan!=
`:
`yisilldead||
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`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
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`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 3
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`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
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`
`
`reliant
`
`2537
`
`relievo
`
`local community funds. LME. b
`State or
`Reinforcement or military support
`to those
`besieged or threatened; esp. the raising of a siege
`of a besieged town etc. M16. +c A fresh supply of
`some article of food or drink. L16-B18. 74
`Hunting. The seeking of food by a hare or deer.
`LME-m17. 5 Law. Release from or remission of
`an obligation or imposition; spec. (Sc.) a right to
`reimbursement of the expenses
`incurred by
`some obligation. L15. 6 Release from some
`occupation or post; spec.
`the replacement of a
`person or persons on duty by anotheror others.
`E16. b A person or body of people relieving
`another or others in this way; esp. a soldier or
`body of soldiers relieving another soldier or
`company on guard. £18. c A dish succeeding
`another. Now rare.
`18.
`d
`A_
`thing
`supplementing another in providing a service;
`esp. a train, bus, etc., providing an extra service
`at peak times. Usu. attrib. L19. 7 Alleviation of
`some pain, burden,etc., esp. taxation; spec. (a)
`remission of income tax due on a proportion of
`eamed income.
`E16.
`8
`(R-) A Scottish
`Presbyterian Church founded in 1761 in protest
`against
`the General Assembly
`and
`later
`amalgamated
`in
`the United
`Presbyterian
`Church. Chiefly as Relief Church, Church ofRelief
`obs, exc. Hist. M18.
`'
`2 L. M. Montcomery It would be a relief to sit
`down and have a good cry. R. Dani Mrs Pratchett
`was alive! The relief was tremendous. J. Briccs To
`her great relief she..had not been sent back to
`school. R. DinnaGEe Some just hoped for relief from
`misery. b H. Martineau A clumpofbeeches ,
`. were a
`telief to the eye. comic relief: see COMIC a. 3 SHARES.
`Hen. V Torelief of lazars and weak age... A hundred
`alms-houses. GOLDSMITH Prudence once more comes
`to my relief. A. Lewis He got..the dole and then
`parish relief. Sunday Telegraph School-children are to
`be asked to contribute money for famine relief. relief
`agency, organization, work, worker. on relief (chiefly
`US) receiving State assistance because of (financial)
`need. b GIBBON Stilicho .
`. advanced .
`. to the relief of
`the faithful city. P, WARNER He built two temporary
`wooden forts to cut off the castle from any external
`relief. 6 im relief Baseball as relief pitcher. b P.
`MatrTHiesseN My relief on bow watch .. failed to
`appear. d D. Lopcz The coach had broken down. .
`and a relief vehicle had taken an hour to arrive.
`Railway Magazine The 6.59 p.m... operated. .as a
`relief to the 7.10 p.m. from Hastings. 7 P. O’7DoNNELL
`If it’s a phony charity account. . they probably get tax
`relief, Money & Family Wealth Make full use of reliefs
`and allowances... at. , current incometax rates.
`Comb.: Relief Church:
`see sense 8 above; relief
`pitcher Baseball: who relieves another pitcher, spec.
`the openingpitcher, in a match; relief road: designed
`to divert traffic from congested areas; relief roll US a
`list of people receiving State relief; relief valve:
`serving to relieve excess pressure in a system; relief
`well: drilled to intersect an oil or gas well so as to
`provide a route for water or mud to stop a fire or
`blow-out.
`reliefer n. a person receiving financial relief M20.
`reliefless a. E18.
`
`sky. E. WHarTON The return to town threw into
`strongerrelief the charmsofthelife she was leaving. 3
`Nature These lavas form a faulted dissected plateau of
`considerablerelief.
`Comb.: relief map: that indicates the relief of an
`area, either by the analogous form ofits surface or by a
`system of colouring, shading, etc.; relief printing =
`letterpress (b) s.v. LETTER nt
`f. L
`relever
`[(O)Fr.
`relieve /ri'liiv/ v. ME.
`relevare raise again, succour,alleviate, f. as RE- +
`levare raise, f.
`levis light.] I v.t.
`1 Raise out of
`some ttfouble, difficulty, or danger; bring or
`provide
`aid or
`assistance
`to; deliver
`from
`something troublesome or oppressive. Now
`chiefly spec.
`(a) bring military support
`to (a
`besieged town etc.), free from siege; (b) supply
`(the poor) with moneyor other necessities. ME.
`tb Assist with munitions etc.; provide with fresh
`troops: LME-s17.
`fe Feed;
`supply with
`nourishment. LME-£17. d Law. Free from an
`obligation; give legal relief to. M16. 2 Ease or
`free from sorrow, fear, doubt, or other source of
`mental
`discomfort. Also,
`give
`relief
`from
`physical pain or discomfort. LME. b Ease (a
`device) by making slacker or wider. EI9. c reff.
`Defecate; urinate. M20. 3 Ease or mitigate (what
`is painful or oppressive); make less grievous or
`burdensome. LME.
`b Make
`less
`tedious,
`monotonous,or disagreeable by the introduction
`of variety or of something striking or pleasing.
`L18. 4a Set free, release. Chiefly Sc. Now rare.
`LME. b Release from a duty by acting as or
`providing a replacement. £17. ¢ Set free from,
`ease of, any task, burden, or responsibility;
`euphem. dismiss from a position, deprive of
`membership etc., deprive of by stealing. 117. d
`Replace (a dish of food) by another. rare. M18.
`+5 Lift or
`raise
`up
`(again); bring into
`prominence, make clear; exalt. LME-M17. +6
`Take up or hold (an estate)
`from a feudal
`superior (cf. RELIEF n.) 1). L15-E16. 7 Bring into
`relief; make (something) stand out. L18.
`1 Pore Behold the hand.,. Stretch’d to relieve the ..
`Poor. Sin W. Scotr Neither trees nor bushes to relieve
`the eye from the russet..of absolute sterility. D.
`Fraser The successes of convergent Allied Armies in
`North Africa would relieve Malta. relieving officer
`Hist. an official appointed by a parish or union to
`administer relief to the poor. 2 SHAKES. Temp. My
`ending is despair Unless I be reliev’d by prayer. R.
`Graves One smile relieves A heart that grieves. 3 J.
`Raban Relieved his feelings by throwing a rock at a
`stray goat. D. ATHILL The explosion had done nothing
`to relieve the tension between us. V. BRAMWELL
`Painkillers..help to relieve aches. relieving arch
`\Archit.: formed in a wall to distribute the weight of the
`structure. relieving tackle Naut.: used to prevent a
`ship overturning when being careened, or to ease the
`strain on the tiller in rough weather. b M. Moorcock
`The paleness of his face was relieved by his slightly
`pinkish eyes. A. Kenny The hearing of confessions
`consists of hours of tedium occasionally relieved by
`embarrassment. 4b K. GRAHAME Rat, whose turn it
`was to go on duty, went upstairs to relieve Badger.
`relieve guard: see GUARD n. c E. WauGH A steady
`stream of..imports.. relieved the Ishmaelites of the
`need to practise their few clumsy crafts: E. O’NBILL
`He relieves her of the pitcher and tumblers as she
`comes downthe steps. 7 R. L. StgveNSON He may see
`a group of washerwomenrelieved .. against the blue
`sea.
`
`
`
`dependence, confidence, trust. B17. 2A person
`« or thing on which one relics or depends. 118,
`1 Tennyson ‘Those in whomhe had reliance ,
`; Sold
`him unto shame, R. L. Stevenson I give these two
`versions 45 1 got them, But
`1 place little reliance on
`either. 2B. K, Kane Dogs, the indispensable reliance
`of the party.
`reliant/ri'lsisnt/‘a. Mrg. [f. as prec. + -aNnT’.]
`Having reliance (on).
`relic /'relik/n. & a. Also trelique, ME. [(O)Fr.
`religue (orig. pl.) f, L REtiquiag.] Aun, 1A part
`of the body, clothing, or belongings of a saint,
`martyr, or other deceased holy person, which is
`carefully preserved as. an object of veneration,
`esp,
`in the Roman Catholic and Orthodox
`Churches. ME,
`b Something kept
`ai
`a
`remembrance or souvenir of a person, thing, or
`place; a memento, #17, 2 (A part of) the body of
`a deceased person, @ person’s remains, Usu. in
`pl. ME. b An old person, Usu. w. old or similar
`adj. collog. Mtg. 3 Something which remainsor
`is left behind, esp. after destruction or decay; a
`fragment, remnant, or
`residue of something
`Usu.
`in p. ME. 4 Something surviving ds a
`memorial of an event, period, people, etc; a
`surviving trace ef some practice,
`idea, quality,
`ete, L15. b Biwi. A relict species. M2o, ¢ Ling, A
`relict
`form. mM2o.
`5 Any object
`interesting
`because of its antiquity or associations with the
`past. L15.
`1 N. Mownsarrat The relic..was a miniscule
`fragment of bone from the forearmof the blessed
`Saint. b Classical Quarterly Before she was to be
`sacrificed she gave her motherlocksof hair as a relic. 2
`. SHELLEY All
`round The mouldering relics of my
`kindred lay. 3 QuittER-CoucH The relics of supper
`lay on the .. table. R. FRAME Heneuth the temple may
`lie relics of an earlier pagan religious site. 4 C. HARE
`Titles ana peerages are interesting relics of the past. Jo
`Grimonp A hundred or so dairy farms, relics of the
`wars when the services needed milk. 5 SHaKus. Twel.
`N. What’s to do? Shall we go see the reliques of this
`town?
`the
`Comb.; relic area Ling. a region noted for
`survival ofrelict forms; Relic Sunday (obs. exc. Hist.)
`the third Sunday after Midsummer, on which the
`relics preserved in a church were specially venerated.
`“B attrib. or as adj. Chiefly Biol., Geol., Ling.,
`etc. = RELICT @. 2. LI9.
`relicary n. S€€
`RELIQUARY.
`relict /'relikt/ n. LME. [L relictus pa. pple of
`relinquere RELINQUISH.] 1 The widow of a man; a
`widow. Now arch. & Anglo-Ir. LME. 72 A
`reliquary. Sc. E16-L17. 3 = RELIC m. I, 2. Now
`rare or obs. M16. 4 = RELIC 7. 3, 4, 5. Now rare
`exc. as below. M16. 5a Chiefly Biol. & Geol. A
`species, structure, etc., surviving from a previous
`age or
`in changed circumstances after
`the
`disappearance‘of related species, structures,etc.
`B20. b Ling. A dialect, word, etc.,
`that
`is a
`survival of otherwise archaic or old forms. M20.
`1 E. Loncrorp Mollie..was now venerated as
`Erskine’s relict, 5a Nurture Rare plant species are often
`relicts surviving in résitricted ecological niches.
`relief /ri'li:f/ 2? 217. [Fr. f. It. rilievo, trilevo, f.
`rilevare raise, ult.
`f. L relevare RELIEVE v. Cf.
`relict /'relikt/ a. UME. [f 2s the #1.; in recent use
`RELIEVO n.1]
`1 A method of moulding, carving,
`Prob, attrib. use of the n.] {1 Left behind,
`stamping, etc., in which the design stands out
`remaining;
`left by death, surviving;
`(of land)
`from a plane surface so as to have a natural and
`Uncultivated, deserted. uME-n17.
`2 Chiefly
`solid appearance; the degree to which a design
`Biol. Geol., & Ling. That is a relict; surviving
`projects in this way. E17. b A composition or
`II v4. +8 Rise again; return; rally in battle.
`from-a previous age or in changed circumstances
`LME-m16. 9 Stand out
`in relief. H19.
`10
`design executed by such a method. L17. 2 The
`after the disappearance of related forms, L19.
`Baseball. Act as relief pitcher. M20.
`appearance ofsolidity or detachment given to a
`2-H. C. Danny Another example of relict names ds
`relievable a. that may be relieved or assisted; able to
`design or composition on a plane surface by the
`found on Dunsmore Heath. Scientific American Relict
`receive (esp. legal) relief: 117. reliever n. (a) a person
`Pypuliitions of. , salmon survive in lakes .. landlocked
`arrangement
`and disposition of
`the
`lines,
`who or thing which relieves someone or something;
`fot thousands of years.
`colours, shades, etc.; distinctness of outline due
`(b) (obs. exc. Hist.) a member of the Relief Church;
`to
`this;
`fig.
`vividness,
`distinctness,
`or
`Telief /rrlistn.1 MB, [AN relef, (O)Br.relief, £
`(c) Baseball a relief pitcher: LME.
`prominence
`due
`to
`contrast
`or
`artistic
`Never RELIEVE,|
`1 Law, A payment made tothe
`relieved /ri'li:vd/ a. £19. [f. prec. + -ED1,] That
`presentation, 118. 3 (The extent of) variation in
`Overlord by the heir of 4 feudal tenant.on taking
`has been relieved;
`esp. eased or
`freed from
`elevation of an area, geographical feature, etc.;
`UP possession of the vacant estate, (abs, exc. Sc.}
`anxiety or distress.
`difference
`in height
`from the
`surrounding
`MMi 2 The alleviation of or deliverance from
`q Earlier (M16) in UNRELIEVED.
`terrain. MIg.
`Pin, distress,
`anxiery, monotony, etc,;
`the
`1 A. Ure The face of the block .
`. is carvedin relief.
`relievedly /-vd-, -vid-/ adv,
`ee accompanying this; mental
`relaxation.
`with relief from anxiety £20.
`half-relief: in which figures etc. project to the extent
`i nas fn instance of this, LMB, b A.
`thing
`of half their true proportions. high (or low) relief: in
`-os. Also rilievo
`relievo /rili:vau/ n1 Pl.
`providing such,
`alleviation;
`a
`feature which
`which the projections of the design correspond more
`/ti'ljervou/. E17.
`[It.
`ritievo: see RELIEF #2) =
`Aue Up vistial or other tnonotony. £18, 3
`(or
`Jess) closely to those of the object depicted.
`RELIEF 77 I, 2.
`middle-relief = half-relief above. b M. BERGMANN In
`Shee given to a person oF person’
`in
`alto-relievo, basso-relievo, mezzo-relievo, etc.
`the Vatican Museum he comes across a relief of a
`io
`Stances of need, danger, wir, fiinine, or
`relievo /n'li:xvau/ n2 L19. [Prob. f. RELIEVE v. +
`young beauty lifting her hemline. 2 W. Irvinc A
`cr difficulty; aid, help, succour; spec. financial
`church with its dark spire in strong relief against the..
`-0.] A children’s
`seeking game in which a
`Other assistanee given tothe poor
`from
`
`
`
`in a relieved manner,
`
`For other words beginning with re- see the entry for re-
`
`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 4
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`MacNeil Exhibit 2049
`Yita v. MacNeil IP, IPR2020-01139
`Page 4
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