`
`AFFIDAVIT OF CHRISTOPHER BUTLER
`
`www.archive.org
`415.561.6767
`415.840-0391 e-fax
`
`Internet Archive
`300 Funston Avenue
`
`San Francisco, CA 94118
`
`1. 1 am the Office Managerat the Internet Archive, located in San Francisco,
`California. I make this declaration of my own personal knowledge.
`2. The Internet Archive is a website that provides accessto a digital library of
`Internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. Like a paper library, we provide
`free accessto researchers, historians, scholars, and the general public. The Internet
`Archive has partnered with and receives support from variousinstitutions, including the
`Library of Congress.
`3. The Internet Archive has created a service known as the Wayback Machine. The
`Wayback Machine makesit possible to surf more than 450 billion pages stored in the
`Internet Archive's web archive. Visitors to the Wayback Machine can search archives
`by URL(i.e., a website address). If archived records for a URL are available, the visitor
`will be presented withalist of available dates. The visitor may select one of those
`dates, and then begin surfing on an archived version of the Web. Thelinks on the
`archived files, when served by the Wayback Machine,pointto other archivedfiles
`(whether HTML pagesor images). If a visitor clicks on a link on an archived page,the
`Wayback Machinewill serve the archivedfile with the closest available date to the page
`upon which the link appeared and wasclicked.
`4. The archived data made viewable and browseable by the Wayback Machineis
`compiled using software programs knownas crawlers, which surf the Web and
`automatically store copies of webfiles, preserving these files as theyexist at the point of
`time of capture.
`5. The Internet Archive assigns a URLonits site to the archivedfiles in the format
`http://web.archive.org/web/[Year in yyyy][Month in mm][Day in dd][Time code in
`hh:mm:ss]/[Archived URL]. Thus, the Internet Archive URL
`http://web.archive.org/web/19970126045828/http://www.archive.org/ would be the
`URLfor the record of the Internet Archive home page HTML file
`(http://www.archive.org/) archived on January 26, 1997 at 4:58 a.m. and 28 seconds
`(1997/01/26 at 04:58:28). A web browser maybesetsuch that a printout from it will
`display the URL of a web pagein the printout’s footer. The date assigned bythe Internet
`Archive applies to the HTML file but not to imagefiles linked therein. Thus imagesthat
`appear on a page maynot have been archived on the samedate as the HTML file.
`Likewise,if a website is designed with "frames," the date assigned bythe Internet
`Archive applies to the frameset as a whole, and notthe individual pages within each
`frame.
`6. Attached hereto as Exhibit A are true and accurate copies ofprintouts ofthe
`Internet Archive's records of the HTML files or PDF files for the URLs andthe dates
`specified in the footer of the printout (HTML) orattached coversheet (PDF).
`7. | declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoingis true and correct.
`
`Ae
`DATE: G [17 (14
`
`~—
`4 x
`gee ean
`
`
`Christopher Butler
`
`0001
`
`Roku EX1049
`U.S. Patent No. 9,716,853
`
`Roku EX1049
`U.S. Patent No. 9,716,853
`
`0001
`
`

`

`
`Exhibit A
`
`Exhibit A
`
`0002
`
`

`

`9/17/2019
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`164 captures
`
`HDMI :: Manufacturer :: Specification
`
`APR JUN AUG
`
`21
`2008 2009 2010
`
`▾
`
`🗔 ⍰ ❎
`f 🐦
`
`specification
`
`home manufacturers
`Specification
`On Monday, June 8, 2009, HDMI Licensing, LLC issued a press release announcing the release of the HDMI
`Specification Ver.1.4, now available to Adopters. This latest version of the HDMI specification will, among other
`advancements, offer networking capabilities with Ethernet connectivity and add an Audio Return Channel to
`enable upstream audio connections via the HDMI cable.
`The HDMI Specification Ver.1.4 is now available for download by Adopters.
`For those who wish to download the HDMI Specification Ver.1.3a, please click here.
`
`© 2003-2009 HDMI Licensing, LLC. All rights reserved.
`
`About Us
`
`Terms
`
`Policies
`
`Contact Us
`
`https://web.archive.org/web/20090621022447/http://www.hdmi.org:80/manufacturer/specification.aspx
`
`1/1
`
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`9/17/2019
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`13 captures
`
`HDMI :: Press Release
`
`DEC FEB
`
`19
`2009 2010
`
`▾
`
`🗔 ⍰ ❎
`f 🐦
`
`home
`press
`Press
`FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 
` 
`MEDIA CONTACTS:
`Gabriele Collier
`Media Relations, HDMI Licensing, LLC
`Phone: 408-616-4088
`gcollier@hdmi.org
`Shannon Giusti
`Ogilvy Public Relations for HDMI Licensing, LLC
`Phone: 303-382-2443
`shannon.giusti@ogilvypr.com
`HDMI LICENSING, LLC RELEASES HDMI SPECIFICATION VERSION 1.4 
`SUNNYVALE, Calif., June 8, 2009 – HDMI Licensing, LLC, the agent responsible for licensing the High-
`Definition Multimedia Interface® (HDMI®) specification, today announced the availability to adopters of the
`HDMI 1.4 technology specification.  This latest version of the HDMI specification will, among other
`advancements, offer networking capabilities with Ethernet connectivity and will add an Audio Return Channel to
`enable upstream audio connections via the HDMI cable.  The HDMI specification 1.4 is now available for
`download by adopters on the HDMI Licensing, LLC website at http://www.hdmi.org/.  For details on the HDMI
`1.4 specification features please refer to the press announcement made on May 27, 2009
`(http://www.hdmi.org/press/press_release.aspx?prid=101).
`
`About HDMI Licensing, LLC
`HDMI Licensing, LLC is the agent responsible for licensing the HDMI specification, promoting the HDMI
`standard and providing education on the benefits of the HDMI specification to adopters, retailers and
`consumers.  The HDMI specification was developed by Hitachi, Panasonic Corporation, Philips, Silicon Image,
`Sony, Thomson and Toshiba as the all-digital interface standard for the consumer electronics and personal
`computer markets.  The HDMI specification combines uncompressed high-definition video and multi-channel
`audio in a single digital interface to provide crystal-clear digital quality over a single cable. HDMI Licensing, LLC
`is a wholly owned subsidiary of Silicon Image, Inc. For more information about the HDMI specification, please
`visit www.hdmi.org. 
`Forward-looking Statements
`This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws and
`regulations, including, but not limited to, statements regarding the HDMI 1.4 technology and its anticipated
`capabilities. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including those risks and
`uncertainties described from time to time in Silicon Image’s filings with the Securities and Exchange
`Commission (SEC). These risks and uncertainties could cause the actual results to differ materially from those
`anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained in this news release. Silicon Image assumes no
`obligation to update any forward-looking statement. 
`HDMI, the HDMI logo, and High-Definition Multimedia Interface are trademarks or registered trademarks of
`HDMI Licensing, LLC in the United States and/or other countries.  All other trademarks and registered
`trademarks are the property of their respective owners in the Unites States and/or other countries.
`# # #
`
`© 2003-2009 HDMI Licensing, LLC. All rights reserved.
`
`About Us
`
`Terms
`
`Policies
`
`Contact Us
`
`https://web.archive.org/web/20091219230238/http:/www.hdmi.org/press/press_release.aspx?prid=102
`
`1/1
`
`0004
`
`

`

`https://web.archive.org/web/20091123043215/https://www.quantumdata.com/
`pdf/CEC_White_Paper.pdf
`
`
`0005
`
`

`

`CEC is coming to HDMI.
`quantum data white paper
`
`Designing CEC into your next HDMI Product
`
`There is a little-known one-wire bus snaking its way through your HDMI products. The
`bus, known as the consumer electronics control (CEC) bus, is the basis for a new level of
`automatic control in HDMI-interfaced systems. With the recent release of a CEC compli-
`ance test specification and commercial CEC test equipment, consumer electronic com-
`panies are now poised to implement CEC in their products. In fact, new CEC-enabled
`products are expected to begin shipping in April 2006.
`
`The basic technology of the CEC bus originated in Europe, on the SCART interface,
`where it’s been used with great success for many years. HDMI borrows and improves on
`the basic SCART technology, allowing AV products to discover and communicate with
`one another across a system. CEC makes possible global controls, which build on exist-
`ing point-to-point E-DDC-based “plug & play” automation to minimize the number of IR
`remotes and key-presses required for basic operation of a system.
`
`CEC assumes that all AV source products in a system are directly or indirectly connected
`to a “root” display. HDMI connections form an up-side-down tree, with a display as the
`“root”, switches as “branches”, and various source products as “leaf” nodes. For example,
`CEC allows users to connect a mix of AV products as shown in Figure 1, place a DVD into
`the player, press PLAY, and let CEC handle the rest.
`
`The CEC bus allows all
`products in the system
`to potentially discover
`and communicate with
`each other
`
`CEC enables global sim-
`plified (single remote)
`system control in HDMI-
`interfaced systems
`
`
`Figure 1 – HDMI CEC System
`
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0006
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`CEC will automatically power-on the appropriate products, route the DVD player’s audio
`
`output through the AVR to attached speakers, and route the player’s motion picture to the
`Digital TV. Likewise, selecting a channel on the set-top-box will cause television audio
`to replace movie audio on the speakers and a television picture to replace the motion
`picture on the Digital TV. Further, pressing the RECORD button on the recording device
`will cause the television program on the “root” to be automatically routed to and recorded
`on that device. In short, CEC enables automatic equip-ment discovery and simple “one
`touch” operation in HDMI-interfaced systems.
`
`CEC Technical Overview
`The CEC bus is a one-wire, “party line” that connects up to ten (10) AV devices through
`standard HDMI cabling. The CEC protocol includes automatic mechanisms for physical
`address (topology) discovery, (product type based) logical addressing, arbitration, retrans-
`mission, broadcasting, and routing control. Message opcodes support both device specific
`(e.g. set-top-box, DTV, and player) and general features (e.g. for power, signal routing,
`remote control pass-through, and on-screen display).
`
`Electrical Characteristics
`When idle, pull-ups within CEC devices lift the CEC bus voltage to between 2.5 and 3.63
`volts. CEC devices assert bits by pulling the bus down to between 0 and 0.6 volts. All de-
`vices monitor the logical state of the bus by comparing bus voltage with a state-dependent
`threshold, which provides approximately 400 millivolts of hysteresis. Rise and fall times
`may be purposely slowed to avoid ringing. Signal rise and fall times only need to be less
`than 250 and 50 microseconds, respectively. Maximum leakage current is limited to 1.8
`microamps to prevent devices from affecting the CEC bus, when they are disconnected
`from the power company. Since the CEC bus can include ten 100pF devices and nine
`700pF cables, the maximum bus capacitance is 7200pF.
`
`Bit-level Protocol
`Communication is always between an initiator and one (or more) follower(s). Both ini-
`tiator and follower(s) can assert bits. Initiator-asserted bits provide data, while follower-
`initiated bits provide acknowledgment. Bit-level communication is very slow by modern
`bus standards - with bit rates of less than 500 bits/second. Messages begin with one long
`start bit and are immediately followed by a number of shorter data bits. Start bits last 4.5
`milliseconds and have a low period of 3.7 milliseconds (Figure 2a).
`
`The HDMI-CEC bus
`connects up to 10 HDMI
`AV devices
`
`CEC enables one-
`wire “party-line”
`communications
`between all devices
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0007
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Figure 2a – HDMI-CEC Start Bit Timing
`Data bits only last for 2.4 milliseconds and have a low period that depends on the logical
`data value being communicated. Here, logical zero bits have a longer low state than logi-
`cal one bits (see Figure 2b).
`
`
`Figure 2b – HDMI-CEC Data Bit Timing
`
`
`
`Block-level Protocol
`Bits are grouped into 10-bit header and data blocks. Both header and data blocks include
`8-bits of data along with EOM and ACK bits. The EOM bit signals the final block in a
`message. A ‘0’ indicates that one or more blocks follow and a ‘1’ indicates the message is
`complete. When a single follower provides an ACK to an initiator, it does so by “overrid-
`ing” the output from the initiator (i.e. by pulling the bus to a logical ‘0’ while the Initiator
`sends a “passive” logical ‘1’). Broadcast messages have special rules for handling simul-
`taneous ACKs from multiple devices. Here, the logic is reversed and a group of followers
`ACK by not “overriding” the initiator (i.e. by allowing the Initiator to send a “passive”
`logical ‘1’).
`CEC devices have both physical and logical addresses. Normally, upon each hot-plug,
`each CEC source obtains a physical address by reading the EDID of the sink it is attached
`to. The physical address of each CEC device is expressed as four numbers and indicates
`where it is relative to the “root” display, whose address is always fixed at 0.0.0.0. For
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0008
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`example, a source attached to input #1 of the “root” display, will have a physical address
`of 1.0.0.0 (see Figure 1). Each CEC device also obtains a logical address - reflecting its
`product type - by
`
`negotiating with other CEC devices in the system. For example, the first STB in the
`system is always given the logical address 3.
`Header blocks contain the 4-bit logical address of the Initiator and 4-bit logical address
`of the Destination in their data bit field as shown in Fig. 3a.
`
`
`Figure 3a – HDMI CEC Header Block
`
`Data blocks contain 8-bits of arbitrary data as shown in see Figure 3b.
`
`
`Figure 3b – HDMI CEC Data Block
`
`Frame-level Protocol
`HDMI CEC messages are sent using frames. Each CEC frame consists of a start bit, a
`header block and possibly data blocks as shown in Figure 3c.
`
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0009
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Figure 3c – HDMI CEC Frame
`
`As an example, a message from a source device to a TV might display a text message on
`screen (On Screen Display – OSD). Such a message begins with a start bit, followed by a
`header block (with proper initiator /destination addresses), followed by data blocks con-
`taining an opcode 0x64 <set OSD string> and parameters to control the duration time and
`the text to be displayed. Each 10-bit block (except the last one) will have the EOM set to
`‘0’, while the last block will have it set to ‘1’. Each block sent by an Initiator must have its
`ACK bit “overridden” by the destination device. If the destination is address 15, the mes-
`sage is deemed a “broadcast” and all devices may ACK by not overriding the Initiator’s
`‘1’.
`
`Reliable communication is provided via frame retransmissions. If any block in a frame is
`not acknowledged - or other bus errors exist - initiators will sense the condition and may
`retransmit up to five (5) times. When destination devices withhold their ACKs, initiators
`retransmit.
`
`Since the CEC bus is a single wire, bus arbitration is very important. The CEC specifica-
`tion calls for a signal free time before sending. To allow other devices a chance to send,
`the time for a current initiator to send another frame is longer than that of a new initiator
`that wants to send a frame, and signal-free times for retransmissions are the shortest. If
`multiple devices try to send a message at the same time, a priority scheme is used to give a
`single initiator precedence.
`
`CEC Device Architecture
`As extensive as the HDMI-CEC specification is, it makes no recommendation regarding
`architecture for implementing a CEC device in a product. To some extent your architecture
`will depend on what, if any, off-the-shelf intellectual property is available. The corollary
`to this is how willing you are to develop your own components. But setting that aside, it
`is important to identify the layers in the architecture and how they will interface with one
`another. Figure 4 illustrates a typical layered archi-tecture, with options.
`
`You may want to
`use a layered CEC
`device architecture
` – it’s up to you
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0010
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Figure 4 – Example HDMI-CEC System Architecture
`
`At the bottom is a physical layer (PHY), which simultaneously drives and monitors the CEC
`bus. The PHY has a 1-bit control input and 1-bit monitor output. The control input tells the
`PHY when to pull the bus low, while the monitor output indicates the current logical state
`of the CEC bus.
`
`The dividing line
`between software
`and hardware
`depends on your
`microcontroller’s speed
`
`Above the PHY is a bit-level protocol layer, which is similar to a serial UART. The UART
`layer serializes and deserializes bit streams, while buffering transmit and receive byte strings.
`Here you have some options. If the speed of the product’s microcontroller is sufficiently
`fast (e.g. with less than 100 microsecond uncertainty), the UART might be implemented in
`code - as part of the microcontrollers firmware. If not, hardware logic may be required. In
`this case, UART logic might reside in a specialized peripheral IC – along with the PHY.
`
`Above the UART is a driver layer, which composes and interprets the standardized CEC
`messages defined by the HDMI standard. Above that is the main body of embedded product
`feature code, which implements the unique overall behavior of the product.
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0011
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Verifying Your Implementation
`Verifying a CEC implementation requires both general purpose and highly specialized test
`equipment.
`
`Test Point Adapters
`allow you to attach
`precision loads, bias
`voltages, and special-
`ized test equipment to
`the test target when
`needed
`
`Quiescent electrical performance is normally measured with a multimeter, while dynamic
`electrical performance is measured with an oscilloscope. Test Point Adapters (TPAs) are
`needed to connect these general-purpose instruments to the HDMI port of the device being
`tested. TPAs also attach precision loads, bias voltages, and specialized test equipment when
`needed. Dynamic electrical tests require a specialized product-emulating test instrument to
`coax messages from the device under test (see Figs. 5 & 6).
`
`
`Figure 5 – Dynamic PHY Electrical Test Point Adapter
`
`
`Figure 6 – Dynamic PHY Electrical Waveform
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0012
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Debug utilities are es-
`sential for verifying the
`CEC timing parameters
`and protocol rules
`
`Debug utilities that enable you to simulate a real-world environment are an essential part of
`any development system. There are several types of utilities that are useful for verifying the
`protocol layer. Debug utilities that can simulate timing errors, corrupt bits, invalid frames
`and blocks, and that can force errors to check for boundary conditions are particularly use-
`ful. Since the CEC bus is a shared bus, a utility for simulating arbitration errors and verify-
`ing proper operation would be useful as well.
`
`CEC bus monitors can
`help pinpoint timing and
`protocol errors
`
`An important complement to error simulation is the ability to monitor the CEC bus and
`log bus transactions. A CEC bus monitor enables you to pinpoint bit timing problems and
`protocol errors such as acknowledge-ments and end of message placement. A CEC monitor
`that displays bus traffic, decodes individual frames, and shows bit timing is invaluable.
`
`Multiple CEC device
`emulators are required
`to verify that the test
`target is a “good CEC
`bus citizen”
`
`While a device under test is being developed, multiple CEC devices are needed to verify that
`logical address allocation, bus arbitration, and broadcast message handling work correctly,
`along with other “good citizen” type testing. A wide variety of CEC compatible equipment
`is required to test networks that represent typical bus configurations. Another alternative is
`to use test equipment that can emulate multiple devices with different characteristics.
`
`A device emulator that can withhold ACKs, inject bit errors, or cause protocol violations by
`inserting extra EOM bits is required to verify correct operation.
`
`To verify an implementation, a CEC device emulator that can change timing and win arbi-
`tration is needed. Testing can be accomplished by either creating special test drivers to vary
`bit timing to the device under test, or using commercially available test equipment that pro-
`vides emulated CEC devices with the ability to change bit timing to determine if the device
`under test meets the specification.
`
`CEC Compliance Testing
`
`As you complete the implementation of your CEC device, your focus will shift to compli-
`ance testing. CEC compliance testing is governed by the HDMI LLC, which has published a
`CEC compliance test specification. There are now CEC certification test centers that certify
`proper CEC operation.
`
`An application that can
`simulate a compliance
`lab environment helps
`you avoid costly engi-
`neering and testing time
`
`The compliance process itself starts with a declaration of what features your device supports.
`Although this task is not difficult, assessing which specific tests in the CEC compliance test
`specification apply is not straightforward. An application that simulates the compliance test
`environment and can map high level supported features to the specific tests in the CEC
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0013
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`compliance test specification would be useful both at the early stages of development and
`just prior to compliance testing during internal prequalification.
`
`Typically about 10% of
`products submitted to
`the ATC pass on the
`initial test
`
`By knowing which specific tests apply prior to compliance testing, you can avoid failures of
`tests you did not anticipate. Alternatively you may have over engineered your product and
`added support for functions that really do not apply. Having access to a utility that compiles
`compliance tests based on product capabilities in the early engineering phase can reduce the
`risk of failure in the compliance lab and the additional cost incurred by designing in features
`that do not apply.
`
`Only about 10% of products submitted to HDMI compliance labs for testing gain com-
`pliance on the initial test series (according to an HDMI ATC representative). Delays for
`resubmission and retesting often extend time to market. To avoid costly resubmissions and
`delays that impact product launch, consider running all of the CEC tests in the HDMI Com-
`pliance Test Specification v1.2a before submitting. That can be a daunting task since the
`tests include dynamic and quiescent electrical tests and an extensive series of protocol tests.
`Interpreting the specification and building the required test jigs can be very time consuming
`and error prone.
`
`Quantum Data Tools
`
`Quantum Data has recently released an HDMI-CEC Development and Compliance Suite
`that includes all the essential utilities, applications and test point adapters for designing a
`CEC device into an HDMI product. The components of this test suite are listed below and
`referenced in the accompanying photograph (Figure 7).
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`HDMI-CEC core emulation. The 882CA contains three CEC cores that can emulate
`two HDMI-CEC source devices and one sink device.
`
`Interactive Troubleshooting Environment (ITE) is a debug utility used for simulating
`CEC timing and protocol errors. The ITE offers both a command line and graphical
`user interface application.
`
`Auxiliary Channel Analyzer (ACA) with CEC bus monitor is a graphical application
`that logs and displays CEC bus transactions in real time. Figure 8 shows a screen shot
`of this application while logging CEC bus activity.
`
`
`
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0014
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Test Management Environment (TME) is a graphical application used by the HDMI
`organization ATC lab for testing HDMI-CEC products for compliance. It is therefore
`an ideal application for running pre-compliance tests prior to submission to the ATC
`for compliance. The TME provides expert system-like functions for compiling the
`detailed test suite from the Capabilities Declaration Form (CDF) as well as executing
`the test suite. Figure 9 shows a screen shot of this application during a CEC electrical
`compliance test.
`
`Test Point Adapters (TPAs) are test fixtures used during compliance testing or devel-
`opment. They allow test instruments to be attached to the unit under test and apply
`calibrated loads as set forth in the HDMI-CEC specification. Figure 5 (above) shows a
`block diagram of a TPA.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`
`
`Figure 7 – Quantum Data HDMI-CEC Compliance Kit
`
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0015
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Figure 8 – Screen Capture of HDMI-CEC ACA Application with ITE GUI
`
`
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0016
`
`

`

`quantum data white paper
`
`Figure 9 – Screen Capture of HDMI-CEC TME Application
`
`
`* * *
`Quantum Data has been providing high quality test equipment for 27 years and has exten-
`sive expertise with CEC. Quantum Data equipment is recommended in the latest HDMI
`Compliance Test Specification and is used in the certification test labs. The tools provide
`help in all aspects of development and testing. Please give us a call if you need assistance in
`designing CEC into your next HDMI product.
`
`Quantum Data, Inc. 2111 Big Timber Road Elgin, IL 60123 USA Phone (847) 888-0450 Fax (847) 888-2802 www.quantumdata.com
`
`0017
`
`

`

`https://web.archive.org/web/20071006131512/http://www.hdmi.org/pdf/white
`paper/SilicaonImageHDMIWhitePaperv73(2).pdf
`
`
`0018
`
`

`

`
`
`W H I T E P A P E R
`H D M I ô : T h e D i g i t a l D i s p l a y L i n k
`Sponsored by: Silicon Image
`
`Bob O'Donnell
`December 2006
`
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`I D C O P I N I O N
`
`The transition of entertainment content from analog to digital form has sparked a
`revolution in the way that content is created, transported and consumed. This is true
`for every type of contentóvoice, images, music, TV, etc. óand the effect is profound
`for each player involved in providing and consuming this content. From the artists and
`studios creating the content, to service providers delivering it to homes and
`businesses, to consumer devices manufacturers and ultimately the consumer, the
`digital revolution presents exciting new opportunities as well as important challenges.
`Each of the players in this value chain is driven by the following common set of
`factors:
`
`! Quality, primarily a function of new formats (resolution, color depth, refresh,
`lossless audio) and the quantum performance improvements they enable
`
`! Flexibility in terms of the way content is distributed/obtained and played,
`exemplified by the way iTunes changed music and Tivo changed TV
`
`! Cost reductions related to content delivery, such as not having to print film or
`other packaged media, or not having to drive to the video store
`
`A critical enabler in this change is the mechanism by which devices that create, hold,
`playback or display this content are connected. The High-Definition Multimedia
`Interfaceô (HDMIô) is a digital connectivity standard capable of carrying the
`highest quality, uncompressed high-definition digital video content, up to 8 separate
`channels of uncompressed digital audio and device command controls all on a single
`cable.
`
`For consumers, HDMI means a simpler and higher-quality entertainment experience.
`For CE manufacturers, HDMI means a
`lower-cost, standardized way of
`interconnecting their devices that enables them to build differentiated products that
`deliver the best entertainment experience. For movie studios, HDMI in conjunction
`with HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Copy Protection) represents a way to expand top-
`line growth by bringing the theater experience homeóa key factor given that less
`than 20% of their revenue comes from theaters. Enhanced content protection
`represents another significant benefit for studios. For PC and monitor makers, HDMI
`is a means of bridging the gap between CE and PC video standards. Finally, for the
`market as a whole, the flexibility of the standard means that it can evolve to meet
`market needs, such as peripheral control of all attached devices.
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`Global Headquarters: 5 Speen Street Framingham, MA 01701 USA P.508.872.8200 F.508.935.4015 www.idc.com
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`0019
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`I N T H I S W H I T E P A P E R
`
`IDC examines the transition from analog to digital in the world of digital displays and
`connected devices and addresses critical implications of that change, particularly
`regarding connectivity standards. This White Paper examines these issues from the
`perspective of each player in the digital content value chain and the driving factors of
`quality, flexibility, ease of use and price. Within this context, we provide an overview
`of the HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) interface, which brings together all
`devices in the high-definition household value chain from set-top boxes and DVD
`players to flat-panel televisions and today's increasingly media-friendly consumer
`PCs, and even portable devices such as cameras and camcorders.
`
`S I T U A T I O N O V E R V I E W
`
`Today's consumers are entranced with the wealth of high-definition content being
`made available to them and are eagerly snapping up flat-panel LCD and plasma
`televisions, as well as large rear-projection TVs (RPTVs) in order to view it. According
`to IDC's research, the worldwide LCD TV market is expected to grow by 41% in 2007
`and plasma TVs should enjoy 40% growth. In some cases, purchases are being
`driven by a preference for thinner form factors. In others, they're driven by the desire
`for better picture quality or a combination of the two. In all cases, however, the
`underlying driver is the sweeping transition from analog to digital content. This
`transition has occurred on a number of highly visible fronts, from playback media
`(VCRs to DVDs) to TVs (analog to HDTV) to broadcasting (standard to digital). As it
`has unfolded, the costs associated with digital content deliveryóboth underlying
`semiconductors and the devices themselvesóhave predictably come down while
`their functionality and performance has steadily risen.
`
`As a result of these developments, consumers have access to an entertainment
`experience that is both more stimulating and more simplified than was previously
`available. One of the promises of the digital revolution is more intelligent consumer
`electronics devices and systems that can automatically configure themselves, correct
`errors and free the user from having to manage these new technologies. Sadly, up
`until now, this promise has gone unfulfilled. HDMI delivers the framework for enabling
`this, not only by drastically simplifying cabling, but also by delivering the potential for
`system wide intelligence (such as allowing the use a single remote control to integrate
`multiple devices into a unified system for "one touch playback" and o