DICTIONARY OF
`
`The HUTCHINSON
`COMPUTING
`MULTIMEDIA
`INTERNET
`THIRD EDITION
`
`AND THE
`
`~
`
`Helicon
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00828
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1026 Page 0001
`
`

`

`Text and original illustrations © Helicon Publishing Ltd 1997, 1998, 1999
`First Published 1997
`Second Edition 1998
`Third Edition 1999
`Reprinted 1999
`
`All rights r.eserved
`
`Helicon Publishing Ltd
`42 Hythe Bridge Street
`Oxford OX! 2EP
`e-mail: admin@heHcoo.co.uk
`Web Site: http://www.helicon.co.uk
`
`ISBN 1-85986-287-X
`
`British Cataloguing in Publication Data
`
`A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
`
`Terms which are known to be trademarks or service marks have been
`appropriately capitalized.
`
`The use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity or
`legal status of any proprietary rights which may be claimed in that trademark or
`service mark.
`
`Printed and bound in Great Britain by
`The Bath Press Ltd, Bath, Somerset
`
`Acknowledgements
`
`We would like to thank the following for screen shots of proprietory
`software: Adobe (Illustrator), MegaTech Software GmbH (MegaCAD),
`Microsoft Corp. (Excel, Internet Explorer, PowerPoint, Word),
`Netscape (Navigator); and the following WWW pages:
`AltaVista (http://www.altavista.digitial.com/),
`Infoseek (http://guide-p.infoseek.com/),
`Snap (http://www.snap.com/),
`Lycos (http://www.lycos.com/),
`Pepsi (http://www.pepsi.com/),
`Jennicam (http://www.jennicam.com/),
`Yahoo (http://www.yahoo.com/).
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00828
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1026 Page 0002
`
`

`

`A R CHIE
`
`15
`
`its sales from $10.9 billion in 1995 co $18.1 billion in 1997. In 1997, however,
`Micl'Osoft heavily invested in Apple.
`In 1977, Apple's founders Steve .:.?Jobs and Steve .:;:>Wozniak received backing
`from a rich venture capitalise, Mike Markkula, who backed the production of the
`Apple II. Apple's early market lead in personal computing was destroyed by the
`entry of the computer industry's behemoth, QfBM in 1981. Unfortunately Apple's
`imaginative response - the Macintosh, launched 1984 - was a proprietar}' design
`and was never able to gain enough market share to compete with thousands of
`firms malting computers compaLible with IBM's PCs. In 1994 Apple licensed the
`l\facintosh for the first time, thus enabling other manufacturers to make cheaper
`macl1ines, the first appearing in 1996. Unfortunately Apple proved unable to
`compete and reversed its licensing strategy, buying its license back from Power
`Computing, and leading Motorola to leave the clone business in 1997.
`Apple's long-term future is not assured. However, the Macintosh still has a
`very strong following in the creative world, particularly in the publishing and the
`multimedia industries, thanks to its ease of use and the availability of the most
`popular software for tl1ese applications. In 1997 Microsoft invested $150 million
`in Apple.
`
`applet mini-software application. Examples of applets include Microsoft WordPad,
`the simple word processor in Windows 95/98 or the single-purpose applications
`that in 1996 were begi1ming to appear on the World Wide Web, written in Java.
`These include: small animations such as a moving ticker tape of stock prices.
`
`application program or joh designed for the benefit of the end user. Examples
`of gene1·al pu1pose application programs include .:.-word processors, <;;>desktop
`publishing programs, .--databases, .:;:>spreadsheet packages, and ,;;;,graphics
`programs (see ,:;;CAD and .--cAM). Applicatio11-sJ,eciflc programs include
`payroll and stock control systems. Applications may also be custom desig1zed to
`solve a specific problem, not catered for in other types of application.
`The term is used to distinguish such programs from those that control the
`computer (<.:>systems programs) or assist tl1e programmer, such as a ,:;;compiler.
`
`applications package set of programs ancl relatecl documentation (such as
`instruction manuals) used in a particular application. For example, a typical
`payroll applications package would consist of separate programs for the encry of
`data, updating the master files, and printing the pay slips, plus documentation in
`rile form of program derails and instructions for use.
`
`Applications Program Interface API. standru·d environment, including tools,
`protocols, and other routines. in which programs can be written. An API ensures
`that all applications are consistent with the operating system and have a similar
`.:;)user interface.
`
`Archie software tool for locating information on the Q lnternet. It can be
`difficult to locate a particular file because of t11e relatively unstructured nanire of
`the Internet. A.rcJ1ie uses indexes of files and their locations on the Internet to
`find them quickly.
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00828
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1026 Page 0003
`
`