`

`. Kurt K. Wendt Lii:>rnn/
`Urnwm:,;: 'of\ ;
`•1sin-Mndisam
`215 i\J. R nu
`I Avenue
`Madison, vJI 53706~ 1688
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`Petersen, Julie K.
`Data & telecommunications dictionary / Julie K. Petersen.
`p. cm .•• (Advanced and emerging communications technologies)
`Includes bibliographical references (p.
`).
`ISBN 0-8493-9591-7 (alk. paper)
`I. Telecommunication--Dictionaries. 2. Data transmission systems(cid:173)
`-Dictionaries. 3. Computer networks--Dictionaries. I. Title.
`II. TitJe: Data and telecommunications dictionary. III. Series.
`TK5102.P48 1999
`62 l .382'03-dc2 l
`
`98-46077
`CIP
`
`This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with
`permission, and sou rces a.re indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish
`reliable data and information. but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials
`or for the consequences of their use.
`Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
`including photocopying. microfilming. and recordi ng, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior
`permission in writing from the publisher.
`The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new
`works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLC for such copying.
`Direct all inquiries to CRC P.-ess LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W., Boca Raton, Florida 33431.
`
`Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are only used for
`identification and explanation, without intent to infringe.
`
`Text design and layout by the author.
`lllustrations and photos by the author unless otherwise credited.
`
`© 1999 by CRC Press LLC
`
`No claim to original U.S. Government works
`International Stnndard Book Number 0-8493-959 l-7
`Library of Congress Card Number 98-46077
`Printed in the United States of America I 2
`Printed on acid-free paper
`
`'.l 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00828
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1025 Page 0002
`
`

`

`

`

`

`

`software applications, security measures, ac(cid:173)
`cess to peripherals or external systems, etc.
`The server does not necessarily have to be an
`enhanced system, as servers can be special(cid:173)
`ized as print servers, mail servers, etc. (and
`there may be several servers on a system), but
`se1vers performing the bulk of centralized or
`generalized tasks often have more memory,
`processing speed, and storage than other sys(cid:173)
`tems on the network.
`The software is probably the most important
`aspect of a good server. Good network soft(cid:173)
`ware is robust, configurable, and usually fully
`multitasking. There are many well-tuned net(cid:173)
`work workstation options that are reliable and
`do not crash, except in the most unusual of
`circumstances. Shop around when selecting
`your network server software; if you pay a
`few hundred or a few thousand extra dollars
`initially, you may recoup it in only six months
`in terms of downtime, software reinstallation,
`and administrative costs that accrue on unreli(cid:173)
`able systems.
`server agent In se1ver/client systems, soft(cid:173)
`ware that handles the major processing or pro(cid:173)
`tocols and serves a request from a client as a
`Web server, mail server, or FTP server.
`Service Advertising Protocol See Service
`Location Protocol.
`Service Agent A network utility which, when
`queried, provides information about a network
`se1vice (printer, modem, etc.) such as its URL.
`service bureau A center providing services
`d1ac usually require specialized equipment and/
`or expertise. Copy centers, private postal cen(cid:173)
`ters, data entry se1vices, and facsimile centers
`are examples of common service bureaus.
`Service bureaus commonly arise when there
`is a se1vice occasionally required by many
`businesses or individuals, but those businesses
`or individuals don't have the equipment or
`the expertise to do the job themselves. See
`outsourcing.
`Service Control Point SCP. A point which
`provides access to the database in an Intelli(cid:173)
`gent Network (IN), which is connected to a
`Se1vice Management System (SMS), and which
`accesses Internet Protocol (IP) as needed. SCPs
`enable advanced services by processing the
`format or content of transmitted information.
`See Intelligent Network.
`Service Location Protocol SLP. An intelli(cid:173)
`gent resource discove1y and registration pro(cid:173)
`tocol developed in the mid-1990s. Described
`as a 'quieter' alternative co Service Advertising
`Protocol (SAP), SLP includes extended at-
`
`DATA & TEI.ECOMMUNICA'llONS DtCllONARY
`
`tributes information to reduce network traffic
`queries. Thus, a printer may be described in
`terms of its capabilities (such as duplex print(cid:173)
`ing, PostScript-capable, tabloid paper) and
`found transparently, without the user query(cid:173)
`ing for its IP address. See Service Advertising
`Protocol, Service Agent, SLIP, RFC 2165.
`Service Management System SMS. An in(cid:173)
`teractive computer system dedicated to coor(cid:173)
`dinating national 800 numbers, from Interna(cid:173)
`tional Business Machines (IBM).
`Service Profile Identifier When hooking up
`ISDN BRI se1vices, the carrier provides the user
`with a SPID for each number being installed,
`typically two. The SPID points to a memory
`location in the carrier's central office where
`ISDN parameters, including which services are
`enabled for a particular subscriber, are stored.
`As not all phone carriers have automatic SPID
`detection, some newer modems can determine
`what type of ISDN service is connected and
`configure the SPIDs accordingly. When con(cid:173)
`nected to carriers with automatic SPID detec(cid:173)
`tion, they can configure themselves whether
`or not a computer is attached to the modem.
`Modems with these capabilities help compen(cid:173)
`sate for some of the problems traditionally
`associated wid1 the installation of ISDN ser(cid:173)
`vices. It is recommended that the subscriber
`keep a record of SPID numbers filed away
`somewhere, as it's easier to look up a lost SPID
`than to have to gee it again from the phone
`carrier.
`service quality Standards of se1vice estab(cid:173)
`lished by businesses that include such things
`as se1vice without outages, available lines with(cid:173)
`out lag or busy signals, technical support avail(cid:173)
`ability, good data integrity, etc. This is not the
`same as quality of se1vice (QoS), which has a
`more specific meaning.
`Service Specific Convergence Sublayer See
`sscs.
`Service Switching Point SSP. A point which
`provides local access and an ISDN interface
`for a Signaling Transfer Point (STP), which, in
`turn, provides packet switching for message(cid:173)
`based signaling protocols in an Intell igent
`Network (IN). See Intelligent Network.
`services-on-demand SoD. Se1vices provided
`to an audience on a request basis, rather than
`on a scheduled broadcast basis. The concept
`is not new, in fact, it has been available for
`media services for over 100 years, but new
`digital technologies are providing automated
`services, thus making available cost-effective
`SoD delive1y options which were not previ-
`
`637
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00828
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1025 Page 0005
`
`