Nat’l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT
`
`§ 571.111
`
`§ 571.111 Standard No. 111; Rearview
`mirrors.
`S1. Scope. This standard specifies re-
`quirements for the performance and lo-
`cation of rearview mirrors.
`S2. Purpose. The purpose of this
`standard is to reduce the number of
`deaths and injuries that occur when
`the driver of a motor vehicle does not
`have a clear and reasonably unob-
`structed view to the rear.
`S3. Application. This standard applies
`to passenger cars, multipurpose pas-
`senger
`vehicles,
`trucks,
`buses,
`schoolbuses and motorcycles.
`S4. Definitions.
`Convex mirror means a mirror having
`a curved reflective surface whose shape
`is the same as that of the exterior sur-
`face of a section of a sphere.
`Effective mirror surface means the por-
`tions of a mirror that reflect images,
`excluding the mirror rim or mounting
`brackets.
`Unit magnification mirror means a
`plane or flat mirror with a reflective
`surface through which the angular
`height and width of the image of an ob-
`ject is equal to the angular height and
`width of the object when viewed di-
`rectly at the same distance except for
`flaws that do not exceed normal manu-
`facturing tolerances. For the purposes
`of this regulation a prismatic day-
`night adjustment rearview mirror one
`of whose positions provides unit mag-
`nification is considered a unit mag-
`nification mirror.
`S5. Requirements for passenger cars.
`S5.1 Inside rearview mirror. Each pas-
`senger car shall have an inside rear-
`view mirror of unit magnification.
`S5.1.1 Field of view. Except as pro-
`vided in S5.3, the mirror shall provide a
`field of view with an included hori-
`zontal angle measured from the pro-
`jected eye point of at least 20 degrees,
`and a sufficient vertical angle to pro-
`vide a view of a level road surface ex-
`tending to the horizon beginning at a
`point not greater than 61 m to the rear
`of the vehicle when the vehicle is occu-
`pied by the driver and four passengers
`or the designated occupant capacity, if
`less, based on an average occupant
`weight of 68 kg. The line of sight may
`be partially obscured by seated occu-
`pants or by head restraints. The loca-
`tion of the driver’s eye reference points
`
`shall be those established in Motor Ve-
`hicle Safety Standard No. 104 (§ 571.104)
`or a nominal location appropriate for
`any 95th percentile male driver.
`S5.1.2 Mounting. The mirror mount-
`ing shall provide a stable support for
`the mirror, and shall provide for mirror
`adjustment by tilting in both the hori-
`zontal and vertical directions. If the
`mirror is in the head impact area, the
`mounting shall deflect, collapse or
`break away without leaving sharp
`edges when the reflective surface of the
`mirror is subjected to a force of 400 N
`in any forward direction that is not
`more than 45° from the forward longi-
`tudinal direction.
`S5.2 Outside rearview mirror—driver’s
`side.
`S5.2.1 Field of view. Each passenger
`car shall have an outside mirror of unit
`magnification. The mirror shall pro-
`vide the driver a view of a level road
`surface extending to the horizon from a
`line, perpendicular to a longitudinal
`plane tangent to the driver’s side of the
`vehicle at the widest point, extending
`2.4 m out from the tangent plane 10.7 m
`behind the driver’s eyes, with the seat
`in the rearmost position. The line of
`sight may be partially obscured by rear
`body or fender contours. The location
`of the driver’s eye reference points
`shall be those established in Motor Ve-
`hicle Safety Standard No. 104 (§ 571.104)
`or a nominal location appropriate for
`any 95th percentile male driver.
`S5.2.2 Mounting. The mirror mount-
`ing shall provide a stable support for
`the mirror, and neither the mirror nor
`the mounting shall protrude farther
`than the widest part of the vehicle
`body except to the extent necessary to
`produce a field of view meeting or ex-
`ceeding the requirements of S5.2.1. The
`mirror shall not be obscured by the
`unwiped portion of the windshield, and
`shall be adjustable by tilting in both
`horizontal and vertical directions from
`the driver’s seated position. The mirror
`and mounting shall be free of sharp
`points or edges that could contribute
`to pedestrian injury.
`S5.3 Outside
`rearview mirror pas-
`senger’s side. Each passenger car whose
`inside rearview mirror does not meet
`the field of view requirements of S5.1.1
`shall have an outside mirror of unit
`
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`

`§ 571.111
`
`49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)
`
`magnification or a convex mirror in-
`stalled on the passenger’s side. The
`mirror mounting shall provide a stable
`support and be free of sharp points or
`edges that could contribute to pedes-
`trian injury. The mirror need not be
`adjustable from the driver’s seat but
`shall be capable of adjustment by tilt-
`ing in both horizontal and vertical di-
`rections.
`S5.4 Convex mirror requirements. Each
`motor vehicle using a convex mirror to
`meet the requirements of S5.3 shall
`comply with the following require-
`ments:
`S5.4.1 When each convex mirror is
`tested in accordance with the proce-
`dures specified in S12. of this standard,
`none of the radii of curvature readings
`shall deviate from the average radius
`of curvature by more than plus or
`minus 12.5 percent.
`S5.4.2 Each convex mirror shall
`have
`permanently
`and
`indelibly
`marked at the lower edge of the mir-
`ror’s reflective surface, in letters not
`less than 4.8 mm nor more than 6.4 mm
`high the words ‘‘Objects in Mirror Are
`Closer Than They Appear.’’
`S5.4.3 The average radius of cur-
`vature of each such mirror, as deter-
`mined by using the procedure in S12.,
`shall be not less than 889 mm and not
`more than 1,651 mm.
`S6. Requirements for multipurpose pas-
`senger vehicles, trucks, and buses, other
`than school buses, with GVWR of 4,536 kg
`or less.
`S6.1 Each multipurpose passenger
`vehicle, truck and bus, other than a
`school bus, with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or
`less shall have either—
`(a) Mirrors that conform to the re-
`quirements of S5.; or
`(b) Outside mirrors of unit mag-
`nification, each with not less than 126
`cm of reflective surface, installed with
`stable supports on both sides of the ve-
`hicle, located so as to provide the driv-
`er a view to the rear along both sides of
`the vehicle, and adjustable in both the
`horizontal and vertical directions to
`view the rearward scene.
`S7. Requirements for multipurpose pas-
`senger vehicles and trucks with a GVWR
`of more than 4,536 kg and less than 11,340
`kg and buses, other than school buses,
`with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kg.
`
`S7.1 Each multipurpose passenger
`vehicle and truck with a GVWR of
`more than 4,536 kg and less than 11,340
`kg and each bus, other than a school
`bus, with a GVWR of more than 4,536
`kg shall have outside mirrors of unit
`magnification, each with not less than
`323 cm of reflective surface, installed
`with stable supports on both sides of
`the vehicle. The mirrors shall be lo-
`cated so as to provide the driver a view
`to the rear along both sides of the vehi-
`cle and shall be adjustable both in the
`horizontal and vertical directions to
`view the rearward scene.
`S8. Requirements for multipurpose pas-
`senger vehicles and trucks with a GVWR
`of 11,340 kg or more.
`S8.1 Each multipurpose passenger
`vehicle and truck with a GVWR of
`11,340 kg or more shall have outside
`mirrors of unit magnification, each
`with not less than 323 cm of reflective
`surface, installed with stable supports
`on both sides of the vehicle. The mir-
`rors shall be located so as to provide
`the driver a view to the rear along both
`sides of the vehicle and shall be adjust-
`able both in the horizontal and vertical
`directions to view the rearward scene.
`S9. Requirements for School Buses.
`When a school bus is tested in accord-
`ance with the procedures of S13, it
`shall meet the requirements of S9.1
`through S9.4.
`S9.1 Outside Rearview Mirrors. Each
`school bus shall have two outside rear-
`view mirror systems: System A and
`System B.
`S9.2. System A shall be located with
`stable supports so that the portion of
`the system on the bus’s left side, and
`the portion on its right side, each:
`(a) Includes at least one mirror of
`unit magnification with not less than
`323 cm of reflective surface; and
`(b) Includes one or more mirrors
`which together provide, at the driver’s
`eye location, a view of:
`(1) For the mirror system on the
`right side of the bus, the entire top sur-
`face of cylinder N in Figure 2, and that
`area of the ground which extends rear-
`ward from cylinder N to a point not
`less than 61 meters from the mirror
`surface.
`(2) For the mirror system on the left
`side of the bus, the entire top surface
`of cylinder M in Figure 2, and that area
`
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`

`Nat’l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT
`
`§ 571.111
`
`of the ground which extends rearward
`from cylinder M to a point not less
`than 61 meters from the mirror surface.
`S9.3(a) For each of the cylinders A
`through P whose entire top surface is
`not directly visible from the driver’s
`eye location, System B shall provide,
`at that location:
`(1) A view of the entire top surface of
`that cylinder.
`(2) A view of the ground that overlaps
`with the view of the ground provided
`by System A.
`(b) Each mirror installed in compli-
`ance with S9.3(a) shall meet the fol-
`lowing requirements:
`(1) Each mirror shall have a projected
`area of at least 258 cm , as measured on
`a plane at a right angle to the mirror’s
`axis.
`(2) Each mirror shall be located such
`that the distance from the center point
`of the eye location of a 25th percentile
`adult female seated in the driver’s seat
`to the center of the mirror shall be at
`least 95 cm.
`(3) Each mirror shall have no dis-
`continuities in the slope of the surface
`of the mirror.
`(4) Each mirror shall be installed
`with a stable support.
`(c) Each school bus which has a mir-
`ror installed in compliance with S9.3(a)
`that has an average radius of curvature
`of less than 889 mm, as determined
`under S12, shall have a label visible to
`the seated driver. The label shall be
`printed in a type face and color that
`are clear and conspicuous. The label
`shall state the following:
`
`‘‘USE CROSS VIEW MIRRORS TO
`VIEW PEDESTRIANS WHILE BUS IS
`STOPPED. DO NOT USE THESE MIR-
`RORS TO VIEW TRAFFIC WHILE BUS
`IS MOVING. IMAGES IN SUCH MIR-
`RORS DO NOT ACCURATELY SHOW
`ANOTHER VEHICLE’S LOCATION.’’
`S9.4(a) Each
`image required by
`S9.3(a)(1) to be visible at the driver’s
`eye location shall be separated from
`the edge of the effective mirror surface
`of the mirror providing that image by
`a distance of not less than 3 minutes of
`arc.
`(b) The image required by S9.3(a)(1)
`of cylinder P shall meet the following
`requirements:
`(1) The angular size of the shortest
`dimension of that cylinder’s image
`
`shall be not less than 3 minutes of arc;
`and
`(2) The angular size of the longest di-
`mension of that cylinder’s image shall
`be not less than 9 minutes of arc.
`S10. Requirements for motorcycles.
`S10.1 Each motorcycle shall have ei-
`ther a mirror of unit magnification
`with not less than 8065 mm of reflec-
`tive surface, or a convex mirror with
`not less than 6450 mm of reflective
`surface and an average radius of cur-
`vature not less than 508 mm and not
`greater than 1524 mm, installed with a
`stable support, and mounted so that
`the horizontal center of the reflective
`surface is at least 279 mm outward of
`the longitudinal centerline of the mo-
`torcycle. The mirror shall be adjust-
`able by tilting in both the horizontal
`and vertical directions.
`S11. Mirror Construction. The average
`reflectance of any mirror required by
`this standard shall be determined in
`accordance with SAE Recommended
`Practice J964, OCT84. All single reflec-
`tance mirrors shall have an average re-
`flectance of at least 35 percent. If a
`mirror is capable of multiple reflec-
`tance levels, the minimum reflectance
`level in the day mode shall be at least
`35 percent and the minimum reflec-
`tance level in the night mode shall be
`at least 4 percent. A multiple reflec-
`tance mirror shall either be equipped
`with a means for the driver to adjust
`the mirror to a reflectance level of at
`least 35 percent in the event of elec-
`trical failure, or achieve such reflec-
`tance level automatically in the event
`of electrical failure.
`S12. Determination of radius of cur-
`vature.
`S12.1 To determine the average ra-
`dius of curvature of a convex mirror,
`use a 3-point linear spherometer, which
`meets the requirements of S12.2, at the
`10 test positions shown in Figure 1 and
`record the readings for each position.
`S12.2 The 3-point linear spherometer
`has two outer fixed legs 38 mm apart
`and one inner movable leg at the mid-
`point. The spherometer has a dial indi-
`cator with a scale that can be read ac-
`curately to .0025 mm, with the zero
`reading being a flat surface.
`S12.3 The 10 test positions on the
`image display consist of two positions
`at right angles to each other at each of
`
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`

`§ 571.111
`
`49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)
`
`five locations as shown in Figure 1. The
`locations are at the center of the mir-
`ror, at the left and right ends of a hori-
`zontal line that bisects the mirror and
`at the top and bottom ends of a
`vertical line that bisects the mirror.
`None of the readings are within a 6.4
`mm border on the edge of the image
`display.
`S12.4 At each position, the spherom-
`eter is held perpendicular to the convex
`mirror-surface and a record is made of
`the reading on the dial indicator to the
`nearest .0025 mm.
`S12.5 Convert the dial reading data
`for each of the 10 test positions to ra-
`dius of curvature calculations using
`
`Table I. Consider the change as linear
`for dial readings that fall between two
`numbers in Table I.
`S12.6 Calculate the average radius
`of curvature by adding all 10 radius of
`curvature calculations and dividing by
`ten.
`S12.7 Determine the numerical dif-
`ference between the average radius of
`curvature and each of the 10 individual
`radius of curvature calculations deter-
`mined in S12.5.
`S12.8 Calculate the greatest per-
`centage deviation by dividing the
`greatest numerical difference deter-
`mined in S12.7 by the average radius of
`curvature and multiply by 100.
`
`TABLE I—CONVERSION TABLE FROM SPHEROM-
`ETER DIAL READING TO RADIUS OF CUR-
`VATURE
`
`TABLE I—CONVERSION TABLE FROM SPHEROM-
`ETER DIAL READING TO RADIUS OF CUR-
`VATURE—Continued
`
`Dial reading
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(Inches)
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(mm)
`
`Dial reading
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(Inches)
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(mm)
`
`.00330 ........................................
`.00350 ........................................
`.00374 ........................................
`.00402 ........................................
`.00416 ........................................
`.00432 ........................................
`.00450 ........................................
`.00468 ........................................
`.00476 ........................................
`
`85.2
`80.4
`75.2
`70.0
`67.6
`65.1
`62.5
`60.1
`59.1
`
`2164.1
`2042.92
`1910.1
`1778.0
`1717.0
`1653.5
`1587.5
`1526.5
`1501.1
`
`.00484 ........................................
`.00492 ........................................
`.00502 ........................................
`.00512 ........................................
`.00522 ........................................
`.00536 ........................................
`.00544 ........................................
`.00554 ........................................
`.00566 ........................................
`
`58.1
`57.2
`56.0
`54.9
`53.9
`52.5
`51.7
`50.8
`49.7
`
`1475.7
`1452.9
`1422.4
`1394.5
`1369.1
`1333.5
`1313.2
`1290.3
`1262.4
`
`562
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`

`Nat’l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT
`
`§ 571.111
`
`TABLE I—CONVERSION TABLE FROM SPHEROM-
`ETER DIAL READING TO RADIUS OF CUR-
`VATURE—Continued
`
`Dial reading
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(Inches)
`
`Radius of
`curvature
`(mm)
`
`.00580 ........................................
`.00592 ........................................
`.00606 ........................................
`.00622 ........................................
`.00636 ........................................
`.00654 ........................................
`.00668 ........................................
`.00686 ........................................
`.00694 ........................................
`.00720 ........................................
`.00740 ........................................
`.00760 ........................................
`.00780 ........................................
`.00802 ........................................
`.00822 ........................................
`.00850 ........................................
`.00878 ........................................
`.00906 ........................................
`.00922 ........................................
`.00938 ........................................
`.00960 ........................................
`.00980 ........................................
`.01004 ........................................
`.01022 ........................................
`.01042 ........................................
`.01060 ........................................
`.01080 ........................................
`.01110 ........................................
`.01130 ........................................
`.01170 ........................................
`.01200 ........................................
`.01240 ........................................
`.01280 ........................................
`.01310 ........................................
`.01360 ........................................
`.01400 ........................................
`.01430 ........................................
`.01480 ........................................
`.01540 ........................................
`.01570 ........................................
`.01610 ........................................
`.01650 ........................................
`.01700 ........................................
`.01750 ........................................
`.01800 ........................................
`.01860 ........................................
`.01910 ........................................
`.01980 ........................................
`.02040 ........................................
`.02100 ........................................
`.02160 ........................................
`.02250 ........................................
`.02340 ........................................
`.02450 ........................................
`.02560 ........................................
`.02680 ........................................
`.02810 ........................................
`.02960 ........................................
`.03130 ........................................
`.03310 ........................................
`
`48.5
`47.5
`46.4
`45.2
`44.2
`43.0
`42.1
`41.0
`40.5
`39.1
`38.0
`37.0
`36.1
`35.1
`34.2
`33.1
`32.0
`31.0
`30.5
`30.0
`29.3
`28.7
`28.0
`27.5
`27.0
`26.5
`26.0
`25.3
`24.9
`24.0
`23.4
`22.7
`22.0
`21.5
`20.7
`20.1
`19.7
`19.0
`18.3
`17.9
`17.5
`17.1
`16.6
`16.1
`15.6
`15.1
`14.7
`14.2
`13.8
`13.4
`13.0
`12.5
`12.0
`11.5
`11.0
`10.5
`10.0
`9.5
`9.0
`8.5
`
`1231.9
`1206.5
`1178.6
`1148.1
`1122.7
`1092.2
`1069.3
`1041.4
`1028.7
`993.1
`965.2
`939.8
`916.9
`891.5
`868.7
`840.7
`812.8
`787.4
`774.7
`762.0
`744.2
`729.0
`711.2
`698.5
`685.8
`673.1
`660.4
`642.6
`632.5
`609.6
`594.4
`576.6
`558.8
`546.1
`525.8
`510.5
`500.4
`482.6
`464.8
`454.7
`444.5
`434.3
`421.6
`408.9
`396.2
`383.5
`373.4
`360.7
`350.5
`340.4
`330.2
`317.5
`304.8
`292.1
`279.4
`266.7
`254.0
`241.3
`228.6
`215.9
`
`S13. School bus mirror test procedures.
`The requirements of S9.1 through S9.4
`shall be met when the vehicle is tested
`in accordance with the following condi-
`tions.
`
`S13.1 The cylinders shall be a color
`which provides a high contrast with
`the surface on which the bus is parked.
`S13.2 The cylinders are 0.3048 m high
`and 0.3048 m in diameter, except for
`cylinder P which is 0.9144 m high and
`0.3048 m in diameter.
`S13.3 Place cylinders at locations as
`specified in S13.3(a) through S13.3(g)
`and illustrated in Figure 2. Measure
`the distances shown in Figure 2 from a
`cylinder to another object from the
`center of the cylinder as viewed from
`above.
`(a) Place cylinders G, H, and I so that
`they are tangent to a transverse
`vertical plane tangent to the forward-
`most surface of the bus’s front bumper.
`Place cylinders D, E, F so that their
`centers are located in a transverse
`vertical plane that is 1.8288 meters (6
`feet) forward of a transverse vertical
`plane passing through the centers of
`cylinders G, H, and I. Place cylinders
`A, B, and C so that their centers are lo-
`cated in a transverse vertical plane
`that is 3.6576 meters (12 feet) forward of
`the transverse vertical plane passing
`through the centers of cylinders G, H,
`and I.
`(b) Place cylinders B, E, and H so
`that their centers are in a longitudinal
`vertical plane that passes through the
`bus’s longitudinal centerline.
`(c) Place cylinders A, D, and G so
`that their centers are in a longitudinal
`vertical plane that is tangent to the
`most outboard edge of the left side of
`the bus’s front bumper.
`(d) Place cylinders C, F, and I so that
`their centers are in a longitudinal
`vertical plane that is tangent to the
`most outboard edge of the right side of
`the bus’s front bumper.
`(e) Place cylinder J so that its center
`is in a longitudinal vertical plane 0.3048
`meters (1 foot) to the left of the longi-
`tudinal vertical plane passing through
`the centers of cylinders A, D, and G,
`and is in the transverse vertical plane
`that passes through the centerline of
`the bus’s front axle.
`(f) Place cylinder K so that its center
`is in a longitudinal vertical plane 0.3048
`meters (1 foot) to the right of the lon-
`gitudinal
`vertical
`plane
`passing
`through the centers of cylinders C, F,
`and I, and is in the transverse vertical
`
`563
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`

`§ 571.111
`
`49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)
`
`plane that passes through the center-
`line of the bus’s front axle.
`(g) Place cylinders L, M, N, O, and P
`so that their centers are in the trans-
`verse vertical plane
`that passes
`through the centerline of the bus’s rear
`axle. Place cylinder L so that its cen-
`ter is in a longitudinal vertical plane
`that is 1.8288 meters (6 feet) to the left
`of the longitudinal vertical plane tan-
`gent to the bus’s most outboard left
`surface (excluding the mirror system).
`Place cylinder M so that its center is
`in a longitudinal vertical plane that is
`0.3048 meters (1 foot) to the left of the
`longitudinal vertical plane tangent to
`
`the left side of the bus. Place cylinder
`N so that its center is in a longitudinal
`vertical plane that is 0.3048 meters (1
`foot) to the right of the longitudinal
`vertical plane tangent to the right side
`of the bus. Place cylinder O so that its
`center is in a longitudinal vertical
`plane that is 1.8288 meters (6 feet) to
`the right of the longitudinal vertical
`plane tangent to the right side of the
`bus. Place cylinder P so that its center
`is in a longitudinal vertical plane that
`is 3.6576 meters (12 feet) to the right of
`the longitudinal vertical plane tangent
`to the right side of the bus.
`
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`Nat’l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT
`
`§ 571.111
`
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`§ 571.111
`
`49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)
`
`S13.4 The driver’s eye location is
`the eye location of a 25th percentile
`adult female, when seated in the driv-
`er’s seat as follows:
`(a) The center point of the driver’s
`eye location is the point located 68.58
`centimeters
`(27
`inches) vertically
`above the intersection of the seat cush-
`
`ion and the seat back at the longitu-
`dinal centerline of the seat.
`(b) Adjust the driver’s seat to the
`midway point between the forward-
`most and rear-most positions, and if
`separately adjustable in the vertical
`direction, adjust to the lowest position.
`If an adjustment position does not
`
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`Nat’l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT
`
`§ 571.111
`
`exist at the midway point, use the clos-
`est adjustment position to the rear of
`the midpoint. If a seat back is adjust-
`able, adjust the seat back angle to the
`manufacturer’s nominal design riding
`position in accordance with the manu-
`facturer’s recommendations.
`S13.5 Adjustable mirrors are ad-
`justed before the test in accordance
`with the manufacturer’s recommenda-
`tions. Such mirrors are not moved or
`readjusted at any time during the test.
`13.6 Place a 35 mm or larger format
`camera, or video camera, so that its
`image plane is located at the center
`point of the driver’s eye location or at
`any single point within a semicircular
`area established by a 15.24 centimeter
`
`(6 inch) radius parallel to and forward
`of the center point (see figure 3). With
`the camera at any single location on or
`within that semicircle look through
`the camera and the windows of the bus
`and determine whether the entire top
`surface of each cylinder is directly visi-
`ble.
`S13.7 For each cylinder whose entire
`top surface is determined under para-
`graph 13.4 of this section not to be di-
`rectly visible at the driver’s eye loca-
`tion,
`(a) Place a comparison chart (see fig-
`ure 4) above the mirror that provides
`the fullest view of the cylinder in situ-
`ations where a cylinder is partially
`visible through more than one mirror.
`
`The width of the bars in Figure 4 in-
`dicating three minutes of arc and nine
`
`minutes of arc are derived from the fol-
`lowing formula:
`
`For 3 minutes of arc:
`
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`§ 571.112
`
`49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)
`
`X=D×0.000873,
`Where:
`X=the width of a line, in the unit of meas-
`urement D, representing 3 minutes of arc;
`D=distance from center point of driver’s eye
`location to the center of the mirror’s sur-
`face; and
`0.000873=tangent of 3 minutes of arc.
`For 9 minutes of arc:
`X=D×0.002618,
`Where:
`
`X=the width of a line, in the unit of meas-
`urement D, representing 9 minutes of arc;
`D=distance from center point of driver’s eye
`location to the center of the mirror’s sur-
`face; and
`0.002618=tangent of 9 minutes of arc.
`
`(b) Photograph each cylinder through
`the mirror(s) that provides a view of
`the cylinder. Photograph each cylinder
`with the camera located so that the
`view through its film or image plane is
`located at any single location within
`the semicircle established under 13.4,
`[POINT A,B,C, OR D] ensuring that the
`image of the mirror and comparison
`chart fill the camera’s view finder to
`the extent possible.
`13.8 Make all observations and take
`all photographs with the service/ entry
`door in the closed position and the stop
`signal arm(s) in the fully retracted po-
`sition.
`
`[41 FR 36025, Aug. 26, 1976, as amended at 41
`FR 56813, Dec. 30, 1976; 47 FR 38700, Sept. 2,
`1982; 48 FR 38844, Aug. 26, 1983; 48 FR 40262,
`Sept. 6, 1983; 56 FR 58516, Nov. 20, 1991; 57 FR
`57015, Dec. 2, 1992; 58 FR 60402, Nov. 16, 1993;
`60 FR 15692, Mar. 27, 1995; 63 FR 28929-28931,
`May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51000, Sept. 24, 1998; 69 FR
`18497, Apr. 8, 2004]
`
`§ 571.112 [Reserved]
`
`§ 571.113 Standard No. 113; Hood latch
`system.
`
`S1. Purpose and scope. This standard
`establishes the requirement for pro-
`viding a hood latch system or hood
`latch systems.
`S2. Application. This standard applies
`to passenger cars, multipurpose pas-
`senger vehicles, trucks, and buses.
`S3. Definitions. Hood means any exte-
`rior movable body panel forward of the
`windshield that is used to cover an en-
`gine, luggage, storage, or battery com-
`partment.
`S4. Requirements.
`
`S4.1 Each hood must be provided
`with a hood latch system.
`S4.2 A front opening hood which, in
`any open position, partially or com-
`pletely obstructs a driver’s forward
`view through the windshield must be
`provided with a second latch position
`on the hood latch system or with a sec-
`ond hood latch system.
`
`§ 571.114 Standard No. 114; Theft pro-
`tection and rollaway prevention.
`
`S1. Scope. This standard specifies ve-
`hicle performance requirements in-
`tended to reduce the incidence of
`crashes resulting from theft and acci-
`dental rollaway of motor vehicles.
`S2. Purpose. The purpose of this
`standard is to decrease the likelihood
`that a vehicle is stolen, or accidentally
`set in motion.
`S3. Application. This standard applies
`to all passenger cars, and to trucks and
`multipurpose passenger vehicles with a
`GVWR of
`4,536 kilograms
`(10,000
`pounds) or less. However, it does not
`apply to walk-in van-type vehicles. Ad-
`ditionally, paragraph S5.3 of this
`standard applies to all motor vehicles,
`except trailers and motorcycles, with a
`GVWR of
`4,536 kilograms
`(10,000
`pounds) or less.
`S4. Definitions.
`Combination means a variation of the
`key that permits the starting system
`of a particular vehicle to be operated.
`Key means a physical device or an
`electronic code which, when inserted
`into the starting system (by physical
`or electronic means), enables the vehi-
`cle operator to activate the engine or
`motor.
`Open-body type vehicle means a vehi-
`cle having no occupant compartment
`doors or vehicle having readily detach-
`able occupant compartment doors.
`Starting system means the vehicle sys-
`tem used in conjunction with the key
`to activate the engine or motor.
`Vehicle type, as used in S5.1.2, refers
`to passenger car, truck, or multipur-
`pose passenger vehicle, as those terms
`are defined in 49 CFR 571.3.
`S5 Requirements. Each vehicle sub-
`ject to this standard must meet the re-
`quirements of S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3.
`Open-body type vehicles are not re-
`quired to comply with S5.1.3.
`S5.1 Theft protection.
`
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