HomeRF:
`Bringing Wireless
`Connectivity Home
`
`Jim Lansford
`Wireless Systems Architect
`Intel Corporation
`Technical Committee Chair
`Home RF Working Group
`
`March 9, 1999
`
`®
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`1
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`Intel’s
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`Labs
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`Page 1 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
`Bringing Wireless
`Connectivity Home
`
`Jim Lansford
`Wireless Systems Architect
`Intel Corporation
`Technical Committee Chair
`Home RF Working Group
`
`March 9, 1999
`
`®
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`1
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`Intel’s
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`Labs
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`Page 1 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`Where does wireless fit?
`
` Part of the home intranet mix
`:K\(cid:3)ZLUHOHVV"(cid:3)(cid:3)3RUWDELOLW\(cid:3)DQG(cid:3)·1R(cid:3)QHZ(cid:3)ZLUHV(cid:181)
`
`• Core home networking capabilities, including internet,
`anywhere in and around the home
`• Share wireless voice and data
`• Review incoming messages
`• Activate other home electronic systems by voice
`• Needed in countries where phone lines cannot be
`used
`Intel’s
` Labs
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`®
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`Page 2 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Home Networking Solutions Designed
`for the Home User
`l“No new wires”
`lSimple to Install
`lEasy to Use
`lLow Cost: ~$200 for
`2 PCs
`lBandwidth To Support Common
`Home Applications
`lIndustry Standards
`
`Intel’s
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Home Networking Needs 1 Mbps
`100,000
`(100 Mbps)
`
`HDTV
`
`MPEG Video
`
`MP3 Audio
`
`Intel’s
` Labs
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`Real Audio G2
`
`Voice
`
`Gaming
`
`Drives
`
`Internet
`
`Printing
`
`First Home NW
`Applications
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`4
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`10,000
`(10 Mbps)
`
`1,000
`(1 Mbps)
`
`100
`
`10
`
`1
`
`Bandwidth (Kbps)
`
`®
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`Page 4 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`HomeRF™ Working Group
`Mission Statement
`
`To enable the existence of a broad
`range of interoperable consumer
`devices, by establishing an open
`industry specification for unlicensed
`RF digital communications for PCs
`and consumer devices anywhere, in
`and around the home.
`
`®
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Establishing SWAP-CA
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`Shared Wireless Access Protocol - Cordless Access
`
`Standards body
`e.g., ITU, IEEE, ANSI
`
`Industry leadership
`and dedicated forum
`e.g., IrDA, TAPI, USB
`
`SWAP-CA
`
`It happened one day
`e.g. ISA, Soundblaster(cid:228)
`
`®
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`Page 6 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`70+ Member Companies
`Broad, cross industry support
`l Communications
`l Consumer Electronics
`l Home Control/Home Automation
`l Networking
`l Peripherals
`l Personal Computer
`l Semiconductors/Components
`l Software
`
`®
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`Partial Membership Roster
`(70+ companies are now Participants)
`lIntel
`l Primax
`lIntellon
`l Philips Consumer
`Communications (PCC)
`lInterval Research
`l Proxim
`lIndustrial Tech. Research
`l Raytheon Wireless Solutions
`liReady Systems
`l RF Monolithics
`lKansai Denki
`l RF Micro Devices
`lLG Electronics
`l Rockwell Semiconductor
`lMatsushita Electronics
`Systems
`lMatsushita Works
`l Samsung Electronics
`lMicrosoft
`l Sharp
`lMitsubishi
`l ShareWave
`lMotorola
`l Siemens
`lNational Semiconductor
`l Siemens Microelectronics
`lNEC Corporation
`l Silicon Wave
`lNortel
`l Symbionics
`lOki
`l Symbol
`lOsitis Software
`l Texas Instruments
`l WebGear
`
`l 3COM
`l Alps
`l Advanced Micro Devices
`l Aironet
`l Apple
`l Broadcom Corporation
`l Butterfly
`Communications
`l Casio
`l Cirrus Logic
`l Cisco Systems
`l Compaq
`l Ericsson Enterprise
`Networks
`l Fujitsu
`l Harris Semiconductor
`l Hewlett-Packard
`l Hosiden
`l IBM
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`®
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`Page 8 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`SWAP Product
`Development
`The following member companies are
`developing SWAP products:
`
`l Butterfly
`Communications
`l Compaq
`l Hewlett-Packard
`l IBM
`l Intel
`l iReady
`
`l Microsoft
`l Motorola
`l Proxim
`l OTC Telecom
`l RF Monolithics
`l Samsung
`l Symbionics
`
`®
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`Page 9 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Enabling the Vision
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`HomeRF SWAP
`
`Grandma’s Brownies
`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`
`Control Point
`
`USB
`
`1394
`
`Camera
`
`Game Pad
`
`Printer
`
`Phone
`Cable
`
`Stereo
`
`VCR
`Camcorder
`Multimedia (e.g. 1394)
`
`TV
`
`®
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`10
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`HomePNA
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`Intel’s
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`Page 10 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`The SWAP Network
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`Internet
`
`TCP/IP Based
`Network of
`Asynchronous
`Peer-Peer
`Devices
`
`P
`
`P
`?
`
`?
`
`HomeRF
`Control Point
`
`PSTN
`
`USB
`
`Grandma’s Brownies
`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`
`Isochronous Clients
`
`®
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`11
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`Main Home PC
`
`Other Home Networks
`(HPNA,phone,AC)
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`Intel’s
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`Labs
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`Page 11 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`HomeRF Origins
`
`802.11
`Uses CSMA/CA
`Good for Data
`
`DECT
`Uses TDMA
`Good for Voice
`
`SWAP
`TDMA + CSMA/CA
`Good for Voice & Data
`Optimized for small networks (in home)
`Simplified radio & protocol to reduce cost
`B oth voice and data are important for home R F
`Intel’s
` Labs
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`®
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Why a new protocol?
`
`l It handles voice like DECT or PHS, but...
`uFrequency hopping
`u20 ms frames (better for data)
`uinterleaved up and down links
`uRetransmission (single)
`l It handles data like 802.11, but...
`uRelaxed PHY layer specs to reduce cost
`uBeacons to manage isochronous traffic
`uSimplified protocol (no PCF)
`•IP data at up to 2Mb/s and supports cordless telephony
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`®
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`SWAP Features
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`l Range: >50 meters indoors
`l Speed: dual speed - supports TCP/IP
`traffic at over 1Mb/s
`l Voice: High quality voice channels
`with retransmission
`uHigh quality cordless telephones
`uVoice recognition
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`®
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`14
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`Page 14 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`Device Types
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`Grandma’s
`
`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`1/2 cup chopped walnuts
`minutes.
`
`HOME
`
`INDEX
`
`Fridge pad
`Asynchronous (A node)
`> TCP/IP traffic
`
`Isochronous (I node)
`> minimum latency -
`telephones, etc.
`
`Cordless Telephone
`
`CP
`
`PSTN
`
`®
`
`•CP - Connection point…can manage a
`network or act as an A node
`• Can be USB, PCI, PC-Card, Device Bay, etc.
`• CP can place calls even when PC is down
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`15
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`Topology
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`CP
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`CSMA
`A Node
`
`HOME
`
`INDEX
`
`Grandma’s
`
`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`1/2 cup chopped walnuts
`minutes.
`
`HOME
`
`INDEX
`
`Fridge pad
`CSMA
`A Node
`
`TDMA
`I Node
`
`CP
`
`TDMA
`I Node
`
`CP
`
`CSMA
`A Node
`
`Connection Point*
`
`PSTN
`
`TDMA
`I Node
`
`CSMA & TDMA
`A/I Node
`
`SWAP Frame
`CSMA
`A Node
`• It’s a circuit switched, isochronous network
`• It’s a packet switched, asynchronous network
`• It’s both - I nodes get priority on bandwidth
`Intel’s
` Labs
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`Page 16 of 27
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`PHY Features
`l Nominal 100 mW transmit power
`l Minimum receiver sensitivity of -76 dBm
`(2FSK)
`u range >50 m in typical homes/yards
`u -85 dBm sensitivity typical
`l Cost effective filter requirements
`uUse MAC to reduce PHY cost
`uMakes single-chip integration simpler
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`®
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`17
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`Page 17 of 27
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`MAC Features
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`l MAC provides good support for voice and data
`l Leverages existing DECT technology for voice
`l Excellent integration with TCP/IP networking protocols
`u easy integration with Ethernet
`u Supports broadcast, multicast and fragmenting
`l Data security - Basic/Enhanced levels of encryption
`u Basic: 24-bit Network ID and Frequency Hopping
`u Enhanced: Basic + LFSR algorithm
`l Extensive power management for ultra-portable devices
`
`Optimizes existing technology for home use
`
`®
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`The PC interface
`
`l SWAP’s PC connection is designed for use under
`Windows 98* , Windows2000*, and beyond
`u Wake on ring
`u Connection Oriented NDIS (NDIS 5…for Windows2000*)
`u A nodes appear as Ethernet devices
`u I nodes become Connection Oriented clients
`
`®
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`* Third party brands and marks are
`property of their respective owners.
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`PC S oftware Architecture
`Diagram
`
`TAPI 3.0
`
`connection-
`oriented client
`
`Windows2000*
`DirectShow*
`
`connection-
`less client
`
`Windows2000*
`NDIS TAPI
`proxy
`
`Windows2000*
`RCA filter
`
`connection-oriented I/F
`
`connectionless I/F
`
`“Ethernet”
`MP/CM
`
`®
`
`* Third party brands and marks are
`property of their respective owners.
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`Labs
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`Page 20 of 27
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`Voice: Robust clarity
`
`Downlink Slots
`
`Control Point Beacon
`
`Service Slot
`
`• Service Slot used by nodes to
`Page Control Point
`
`Hop
`
`U1
`
`D4
`
`D3
`
`D2
`
`D1
`
`U4
`
`U3
`
`U2
`
`Contention period
`CSMA/CA access mechanism
`
`B
`
`D3
`
`D4
`
`U3
`
`U4
`
`Hop
`
`D3
`
`D2
`
`D1
`
`U3
`
`U2
`
`U1
`
`CFP #1
`
`Superframe - 20ms
`
`Contention free periods
`
`CFP #2
`
`Uplink Slots
`
`• Superframe structure controlled by Beacon
`• TDMA slot pairs allocated by the Control Point
`• Voice data transmitted in the slots in CFP #2
`• Any voice data to be retransmitted is sent:
`– In CFP1, after a hop
`– frequency/time diversity & low latency
`21
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`Data transmission
`
`Service Slot
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`Hop
`
`D4
`
`D3
`
`D2
`
`D1
`
`U4
`
`U3
`
`U2
`
`U1
`
`Contention period
`CSMA/CA access mechanism
`
`B D3
`
`D4
`
`U3
`
`U4
`
`Hop
`
`D3
`
`D2
`
`D1
`
`U3
`
`U2
`
`U1
`
`CFP #1
`
`Superframe - 20ms
`
`Contention free periods
`
`CFP #2
`
`• CSMA/CA during the contention period
`• Efficient for small networks
`• Tolerant of interference
`• Data for entire frame if no voice
`
`®
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`Encryption Algorithm
`
`l Open, royalty free - published in open
`literature over 30 years ago
`l Low gate count
`l Fast “warm up”
`l Required for CP in the US market, optional
`for other devices and geographies
`l Robust
`l Similar concept to GSM A5 algorithm, but
`“stronger”
`
`®
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`Usage - Voice Control
`
`TDMA
`I Node
`
`Grandma’s
`
`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`1/2 cup chopped walnuts
`minutes.
`
`HOME
`
`INDEX
`
`CSMA
`A Node
`
`• Handset initiates voice
`transfer to PC
`
`Application
`
`• Application accepts
`streaming audio from CP
`
`CP IWU
`
`Co-NDIS
`
`PC
`
`CP
`
`PSTN
`
`• Application performs speech
`recognition and sends
`commands back down stack
`
`• For automatic call
`placement, CP dials number
`and connects handset
`
`Fridge pad
`Data traffic can also be active
`
`®
`
`• Handset - PSTN
`connection remains until
`call teardown
`Intel’s
` Labs
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`Page 24 of 27
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`Usage - ISP Sharing
`
`Voice traffic can also be active
`TDMA
`I Node
`
`• PC initiates ISP connection
`(modem, ISDN, UDSL, Cable, etc.)
`
`Application
`
`• Applications on host PC can
`access ISP immediately
`
`CSMA
`A Node
`
`CP IWU
`
`Co-NDIS
`
`CP
`
`USB
`
`PC
`
`PSTN
`
`Grandma’s
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`3 cups flour
`1 cup grated chocolate
`1 cup sugar
`1 stick butter
`1/2 cup chopped walnuts
`minutes.
`
`HOME
`
`INDEX
`
`Fridge pad
`
`®
`
`CSMA
`A Node
`
`25
`
`• Remote A nodes access ISP
`through NAT and TCP/IP
`
`• Remote A nodes can also
`share files and printers
`
`• Ad hoc peer-peer transfers
`between nodes do not require
`resources of “server” PC
`Intel’s
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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`
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`Timeline
`
`‘98
`Q1
`
`‘98
`Q2
`
`‘98
`Q3
`
`‘98
`Q4
`
`‘99
`Q1
`
`‘99
`Q2
`
`‘99
`Q3
`
`‘99
`2H
`
`First Pro d ucts
`S W A P 1.1 Specification
`Sa m ple Physical Layer radios
`D efine Logo U sage R equire m ents
`S W A P 1.0 Provisional Specification
`Published R 0.5 (Functionally co m plete)
`R eached 50 m e m bers
`H o m e R F W orking Group Announced
`
`®
`
`www.homerf.org
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`HomeRF Summary
`
`l Home RF Working group developing
`open, royalty free spec
`l Over 80 member companies
`l NOW is the time to begin
`implementation plans
`l More info (including membership) at
`www.homerf.org
`l $4,800 membership fee
`
`®
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`27
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`Intel’s
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`Page 27 of 27
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`EXHIBIT 1008
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