`Flex Logix Technologies v. Venkat Konda
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`A GENUINE lVIERRIAM-WEBSTER
`The name Webster alone is no guarantee of excellence. It is used by a
`number of publishers and may serve mainly to mislead an unwary
`buyer.
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`Merriam-I/VebsterTM is the name you should look for when you
`consider the purchase of dictionaries or other fine reference books.
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`It carries the reputation of a company that has been publishing since
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`Copyright © 2003 by Merriam—Webster, Incorporated
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`
`Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary. — Eleventh ed.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 0-87779-807—9 (Laminated unindexed : alk. paper). —« ISBN 0-87779-
`808-7 (Jacketed hardcover unindexed : alk. paper). — ISBN 0-87779-809—5 (Jacket—
`ed hardcover with CD-ROM : alk. paper). —- ISBN 0-87779-810-9 (Leatherlook
`with CD-ROM : alk. paper). —— 0—87779-813-3 (Canadian). — 0-87779-814—1 (inter—
`national).
`1. English language—Dictionaries.
`Merriam-Webster, Inc.
`PE1628.M36
`2003
`423—dc21
`
`I. Title: Collegiate dictionary.
`
`II.
`
`2003003674
`CIP
`
`COLLEGIATE is a registered trademark of Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book covered by the copyrights hereon may be
`reproduced or copied in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or
`mechanical, including photocopying, taping, or information storage and retrieval
`systems—without written permission of the publisher.
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`Made in the United States of America
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`2TT:QWVO3
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`u«5| \'plur-al\ adj [ME, fr. AF & L; AF plural, fr. Lpluralis, fr. plur-,
`Film more — more at PLUS] (14c)
`1 : of, relating to, or constituting a
`171355 of grammatical forms usu. used to denote more than one or in
`e
`e ]anguages more than two 2 : relating to, consisting of, or con—
`5
`more than one or more than one kind or class (a ~ society) —
`aln——Du-ra-y -a-é a v
`“m”
`I
`ll\ l\d
`: the holding of two or more
`1
`fllllfr'aplsm \‘pli'ir~o-,li-zoin\ n (1818)
`P {flats or positions (as benefices) at the same time 2 : the quality or
`Date of being plural 3 a : a theory that there are more than one or
`s are than two kinds of ultimate reality b : a theory that reality is
`aroused of a plurality of entities 4 o : a state of society in which
`embers of diverse ethnic, racial, religious, or socxal groups maintain
`it autonomous partiCipation iii and development of their traditional
`:Hnure or special interest within the confines of a common civilization
`; a concept, doctrine, or policy advocating this state -— plu-raI-ist
`-ti~k(9‘ 5 a V
`Hisnad/0)rin\—dPlU-I'aI-lS-1|C\IPlur-9-'liS-tik\at’fi — pIu-raI-is-ti-cal-
`I'm” 443/ \plu-'ra~la-té\ n, pl -tles (14c)
`1 a : the state of being plu-
`pm] b : the state of being numerous c : a large number or quantity 2
`,PLu'RALISM 1; also : a benefice held by pluralism 3 a : a number
`later than another b : an excess of votes over those cast for an op—
`using candidate c : a number of votes cast for a candidate in a. con-
`mt of more than two candidates that is greater than the number cast
`for any other candidate but not more than half the total votes cast
`, al.ize \'plur-a-,liz\ vt -Ized; -I
`In
`(1803) : to make plural or ex-
`plu I'
`9
`press in the plural form — plu-ral-i-zaution \,pll'!r-a-la-'za-shen\ n
`plu.rip-o-tent \plill-‘ri-pa-tont\ adj [Lplur—, plus more + Epotent] (1916)
`”lot fixed as to developmental potentialities; esp : capable of differen<
`tiaflng into one of many cell types <~ stem cells)
`‘
`.
`'pIUS \'plas\ ad] [L, adv., more. fr. neut. of plum plus, ad].; akin to Gk
`plgion more, L plenus full — more at FULL] (1579)
`1 : algebraically
`positive 2 : having, receiving, or being in addition to what is anticipat-
`ed 3 a 2 fallin'g'high in a specified range (Ia'grade ofC ~> b : greater
`than that Speclfleq .c : possesstng a specified quality to a high degree
`4 : electrically posxtivc 5 : relating to or being a particular one of the
`two mating types that are required for successful fertilization in sexual
`reproduction in some lower plantlike organisms (as a fungus)
`Iplus n, pl plus-es \'plo-saz\ also plus-59$ (1654)
`1
`: PLUS SIGN 2
`:an added quantity 3 : a positive factor or quality 4 : SURPLUS
`’plus prep (1668)
`1 : increased by : with the addition of (four ~ five)
`(principal ~ interest) 2 : BESIIZES ‘— uscd chiefly in speech and ca-
`sual writing <~ all this, as a sedative it has no equal ——Groucho Marx)
`‘plUS conj (ca. 1950)
`1 : AND (the Smyth Report, ~ an idea and some
`knowledge of bureaucracy, were all Ineeded -—Pat Frank) (eats alone,
`ahot_beef sandwich~ a BLT ~_apple pie —Garn'son Keillor) 2 : in
`addition to which (it was an achievement. Plus, Iwrote the story and
`she ves, ~ 1 smc s goo —-
`l
`1
`iovanni
`the] musicaltscorf1 —Jactl:kicN(_}k11:aSéJn)
`(it’s> also pretty on my open
`usage The prepositionplus has long been used with a meaning equiv-
`alent. to {1nd (as in “twoplus two"); it is not, therefore, very surprising
`that in time people have begun to use it as a conjunction much like
`is use
`c ie V in speec an in in orma writing.
`and, Sdcnfle éis conside1r1ed 1:1) be a? adverb by some commentators. It
`than ordinary knic ers
`plus fours n pl (1912(0) : loose sports knickers made four inches longer
`an
`ess ense
`an ve ve pi e
`-
`‘pluglil \‘p‘liosm 7:}[MFplelutchel] (1594) : a fabric with an even pile longer
`“plush adj (ca. 1645)
`1 : relating to, resembling, or made of plush 2 a
`paying
`a~,npew1ne —ID us -ya v—p us -nessn
`:lnotab;y<luxuriqus b :>RicH,IFU!HLI (tb; ~ sciunvi‘l1 of his saxophone
`or ccvere W11
`1) US
`I LUXURIOUS, SHO‘VY— 13 L15 -I-I'IeSS n
`plushy \‘péo-sh? zfdjtpluzsh-i-er; -est (1611)
`1 : haiilhghthe texture of
`plus/minus Sign 11 (1971) : the sign i used to indicate a quantity (as 2
`in ”the square root of 4 is :2") taking on both an algebraically positive
`value and its negative and to indicate a plus or minus quantity (as 4 in
`"the population age was 30 t 4 years”) — called also plus/minus symbol
`'plus or minus adj (1926) : indicating a quantity whose algebraically
`positive and negative values serve to bracket a range of values either
`alone or when added to and subtracted from a given number (mea-
`p us or minus
`years
`iilired With anlastbcuracy>ofplus or minus 3 feet.) (a mummy aged 3500
`2plus or minus adv (1849) : MORE on LESS, APPROXIMATELY (a dance
`for singlesplus or minus age 30)
`Plus-sage \'plo-sij\ ri (1924) : an amount over and above another
`amount
`plus Sign n (1841) : a sign + denoting addition or a positive quantity
`Plu-to \'pli.i-(,)té\ n [L Plutan-, Pluto, fr. Gk Ploutdn] (14c)
`1
`: the
`e at
`es mean is ancc rom c sun — see
`a
`e
`gregk tgfiid tof the usidterworld — aompare Dis
`i313:T Ehglplanct with
`Plu-toc-ra-Icy \plii-'tii~'kra-sé\. n, pl -cies [Gk ploutnkmtia, fr. plautos
`Wealth; akin to kalzin to sail, float — more at FLOW] (1652)
`1 : gov-
`ernment by the wealthy 2 : a controlling class of the wealthy — plu-
`o-cra -|-ca - y -ti-
`a- e a
`:o-cra: ypiul-fia-eraan )l—\plsfo-crat-ic \.plfi-ta-'kra—tik\ adj — plu-
`Flu-ton \'plii—.téin\ n [prob. back-formation fr. platonic] (1936) : a typi-
`cally large body of intrusive igneous rock
`C aract
`stic o
`uto or t e ower wor
`: 1N'FERNAL
`.
`Pig-to-nI-an \pl‘idl-g'ltfi-né-onh aldj, often (11:11” (1667) : of, relating to, or
`Piudon-m \pli‘i-‘ta-nik\ adj [L PIuran-, Pluto] (1833)
`1 : formed by so-
`~ roe
`0 en cap : PLUTONIAN
`lldiflcatlign 02f nfiagma deep within the earth and crystalline throughout
`D u-to-ni-um \plfi-‘to-né—am\ n N L, fr. Pluton-, Pluto, the planet Pluto]
`(1942) : a radioactive metallic element similar chemically to uranium
`that is formed as the isotope 239 by decay of neptunium and found in
`minute quantities in pitchblende, that undergoes slow disintegration
`With the emission of an alpha particle to form uranium 235, and that is
`a
`e
`{isliionable with slow neutrons to yield atomic energy —— see ELEMENT
`Pill-vi-al \'p11"1-vé-ol\ adj [L pluviali's, fr. pluvia rain, fr. fern. ofpluvius
`E 0 rain
`: c aracterize
`y a un ant rain
`0 a gen ogz'c c iange
`l"all'lty, fr. pluére tfi rain — n33? ainFLch] (ca. 16g6lf 1 a :l of orlrelat—
`2 : resulting from the action of rain
`PIUVIal n (1929) : a prolonged period of wet Climate
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`
`plural o -pnoea
`
`955
`
`1ply \'pli\ vb plied; ply-ing [ME plien, short for applien to apply] vt
`(14c)
`1 a : to use or wield diligently (busily ~ing his pen)
`b : to
`practice or perform diligently (~ 21 trade) 2 : to keep furnishing or
`supplying something to (plied us with liquor) 3 a : to make a practice
`of rowing or sailing over or on (the boat plies the river)
`b : to go or
`travel regularly over, on, or through (jets Haing the skies) ~ vi
`1 : to
`apply oneself steadily 2 : to go or travel regularly
`2ply n, pl plies [3ply] (1532)
`1 a : one of several layers (as of cloth) usu.
`sewn or laminated together b : one of the strands in a yarn c : one of
`the veneer sheets forming plywood d : a layer of apaper or cardboard
`2 : mociNAnoN, BIAS
`aply vt plied; ply-mg [ME plien to fold, fr. AF plier, pleier, fr. L plimre;
`akin to OHG flehran to braid, L pleatere, Gk plekein] (ca. 1909) : to
`twist together (N two single yarns)
`Plym-Outh Flock \'pli-moth~\ n [Plymouth Rock, on which the Pilgrims
`are supposed to have landed in 1620] (1849) : any of a US. breed of
`medium-sized single-combed domestic chickens raised for eggs and
`meat
`plyo-met-rics \,pli—:—'me-iriks\ n pl but sing orpl in canstr [pi-ob. irreg.
`fr. pllo- + -metrlcs (as in isometricsfl (1981) : exercise involving repeat-
`ed rapid stretching and contracting of muscles (as by jumping and re-
`bounding) to increase muscle power — plyo-met~ric \-trik\ adj
`ply-wood \'pli—.wud\ it (1907) : a structural material consisting of
`sheets of wood glued or cemented together with the grains of adjacent
`layers arranged at right angles or at a wide angle
`pm abbr
`1 phase modulation 2 premium
`Pm symbol prometbiUm
`3 postmaster 4 post
`PM abbr
`1 paymaster 2 permanent magnet
`meridiem — often not cap and often punctuated 5 postmortem 6
`prime minister 7 provost marshal
`pmk abbr postmark
`PMS \.pé-(.)em—‘es\ n (1976) : PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME
`pmt abbr payment
`PN abbr promissory note
`—pnea or -pnoea n cambfqrm [NL, fr. Gk -pnoia, fr.pnoia, fr. pnein to
`breathe] : breath : breathing (hyperpnea) (apnoea)
`pneum- or pneumo- comb form fNL, partly fr. Gk pneum- (fr. pneu-
`ma); partly fr. Gk pneumu'ri lung]
`1 : air : gas (pneumathorax)
`2
`: lung (pneumoconlosis)
`3 : respiration (pneumagraph) 4 : pneu~
`mania <pneumococcus>
`pneu-ma Vino-ma, 'nyii-\ n [Gk] (1884) : SOUL, SPIRIT
`1
`pneumat- ar pneumato- comb farm [Gk, fr. pneumat—, pneuma]
`: air : vapor : gas (pneumatalytic)
`2 : respiration (pneumataphorc)
`pneu-mat-Ic \nt'i-‘ma—tilc, nyi‘l-\ adj [L pneumaticus, fr. Gk pneumati-
`kos, fr. pneumat—, pneumzz air, breath, spirit, fr. priei'n to breathe —
`more at SNEEZE] (1659)
`1 : of, relating to, or using gas (as air or
`wind): a : moved or Worked by air pressure b (1) : adapted for bold-
`ing or inflated with compressed air
`(2) : having air-filled cavities
`2
`: of or relating to the pneuma : SPIRITUAL
`3 : having a well=
`proportioned femininc figure; esp : having a full bust — pneu-mat-i-
`cal-IV \-ti-k(a-)le\ adv — pneu-ma-tic-i-tv \.nti-ma-'ti—so-t5, .nyii-\ n
`pneu-ma-tol-o-gy \.nii~mo—'téi~la-jé,
`.nyii-\ n [NL pneumatolagi'a, fr.
`G1(pneumat~, pneuma + NL Jagia -logy] (1678) : the study of spiritual
`beings or phenomena
`pneu-ma~to-Iyt-lc \.nu-mo—ta-'li-tik,
`.nyii-; (.)n(y)u-,ma-\ adj
`[ISV]
`
`(1896) : formed or forming by hot vapors or superheated liquids under
`pressure
`used esp. of minerals and ores
`-
`pneu-mat-o'phore \nfi-‘ma—ta-.for, nyu-\ Ii [ISV] (1859)
`1 : a muscu-
`lar gas-containing sac that serves as a float on a siphonophore colony
`2 : a usu. partially exposed root of a wetland plant (as a mangrove) that
`functions esp. in the intake of oxygen from the atmosphere
`pneu-mo-coc-cus \.nfi-me-'ka-i<es, .nyu-\ n, pl -coc-ci \-'1<ak-.Si, -.sé;
`-'ka~,ki, -,ké\ [NL] (1890) : a bacterium (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
`
`that causes an acute pneumonia involving one or more lobes of the
`lung — pneu-mo-coc-cal\
`"—kal\ adj
`
`pneu-mo-co-ni-o-sis \.nii~rn6
`6-hé-‘6—sas, .nyii-\ n, pl -o-ses \~.sEz\
`L'NL, fr.1meum- + Gk lamis dust -— more at l'NCl'NERATE] (1881) : a dis—
`ease of the lungs caused by the habitual inhalation of irritants (as min-
`eral or metallic particles) — compare BLACK LUNG, SILICOSIS
`Pneu-mo~cys-tis ca-ri-nii pneumonia \,nfi-mo-‘sis-tas~ka-‘ri-né-.é-,
`.nyil-\ n [NL Pneumocystis carinii, species name] (1964) : a pneumonia
`chiefly affecting immunocomprormsed individuals that is caused by a
`microorganism (Pneumacystis carinii), attacks esp. the interstitial and
`alveolar tissues of the lungs, and is characterized esp. by a nonproduc-
`tive cough, shortness of breath, and fever —— abbr. PCP
`pneu-mo-graph \'ni.'i—m9-,graf,
`'nyii-\ n [ISV] (1878) : an instrument
`for recording thoracic movements or volume change during respira-
`tion
`pneu‘mo-nee-to-my \.nii-ma-'nek—ta—mé,
`.nyi'i-\ n, pl -mles [Gk
`pneumdn + ISV ~ectomy] (1890) : excision of an entire lung or of one or
`more lobes of a lung
`pneu-mo-nia \ntl-‘mé-nya, nyu-\n [NL, fr. Gk, fr.pneum5n lung, alter.
`of pleumén — more at PULMONARY] (1603) : a disease of the lungs
`characterized esp. by inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue
`followed by resolution and by fever, chills, cough, and difficulty in
`breathing and that is caused esp, by infection
`DHEU-mon-ic \ni’i-‘ma-nik, nyu-\ adj [NL pneumonicus. fr. Gk pneu-
`monikm, fr. pneumfin] (1675)
`1 : of, relating to, or affecting the lungs
`(~ plague): PULMDNIC, PULMONARY 2 : of, relating to, or affected
`with pneumonia
`pneu-mo-ni-tis \,nii-mo-'ni-tas,
`,nyfl-\ n [NL, fr. Gk pneumdn] (ca.
`1834) : inflammation of the lungs
`pneu‘modho-rax \.ni.'i~m9-'thor-.aks,
`.nyii~\ 21 [NL] (1821) : a condi-
`tion in which air or other gas is present in the pleural cavity and which
`occurs spontaneously as a result of disease or injury of lung tissue, rup-
`ture of air-filled pulmonary cysts, or puncture of the chest wall or is in-
`duced as a therapeutic measure to collapse the lung
`
`\e\ abut \°\ kitten, F table \ar\ further \a\ ash \5.\ ace \a\ mop, mar
`\au\ out
`\ch\ chin‘ \e\ bet
`\E\ easy \g\ go \i\ hit
`\i\ ice
`\j\job
`\n\ sing \6\ go \6\ law \oi\ boy \th\ thin \th\ the \t'i\ loot \u\ foot
`\y\ yet
`\zh\ vision, beige \lg, ", as, us, y\ See Guide to Pronunciation
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