1l.Q)A'JJD.1J.Q)Wl!.QMr'!lllfES!EJ ~11,\ESENl!J.~ Si!l?,'1111,{i10MIE!lj
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`United States Patent and Trademark Office
`
`September 16, 2019
`
`TIDS IS TO CERTIFY THAT ANNEXED IS A TRUE COPY FROM THE
`RECORDS OF TIDS OFFICE OF THE FILE WRAPPER AND CONTENTS
`OF:
`
`APPLICATI!)N NUMBER: 08/976,217
`FILING DATE: November 21, 1997
`PATENT NUMBER: 6,072,450
`...
`ISSUE DATE: June 06, 2000
`
`By Authority of the
`Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property
`and Director of the United Stat P, ent and Trademark Office
`
`y .~,.~:f «fJ
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 1/370
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`PATENT
`NUMBER.
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`8072460
`
`11111111111111111
`6072450
`
`i
`
`FILING DATE CLASS
`11/21/97
`345
`
`SUBCLASS
`
`GROUP ART UNIT
`~
`2771''
`
`EXAMINER
`.fC<,Y0f,.
`
`wHIROYASLI YAMADA, TOKYO, JAPAN, TOMOYLIKI SHIRASAKI, TOKYO,
`~YOSHIH!RO KAWAMURA~ TOKYO~
`.JAPAN.
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`DATA***** r!** ** *** :~;n';, *** **
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`-'(APAN,
`
`**FOREI8N 'APPLICATIONS************
`'f Pj
`VEF\I~;;D
`'
`JAPAN
`~ - JAPAN
`
`,
`/331388/1996
`/331389/1996
`
`11/28/96
`11/28/96
`
`STATE OR SHEETS TOTAL
`' AS
`FILED COUNTRY DRWGS, Cl.AIMS
`.JPX
`21
`......
`Examlner'Slnltlalsj
`VerlfledandAcknowl'.1dged
`FRISHALIF J,JOLTZ GiWODMAN LANSER & CHICK
`767 THIRD AVENUE 25TH FLOOR
`
`/
`0Cyes B ,n'o
`,35 USC119conditlonstr.P.t '111( _, 'no
`
`Foreign priority claimed
`
`I NEW YORK NY 10017
`
`17
`
`DISPLA APPARATUS
`
`PARTS OF APPUCATIONJ'/
`FILED SEPARATELY
`/
`NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED
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`FILING FEE:
`AlTORNEY'S
`INDEP.
`DOCKET NO •.
`CLAIMS RECEIVED
`$790.00 970719/U-1
`
`2
`
`U.S. DEPT. OF COMMJPAT. & TM-PT0-436L (Rev. 12-94)
`
`"7· Cl Ja
`
`Print Claim
`Ur/ (
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`~RAWING
`Sheets Drwg. ligs. Drwg. ·
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`Label
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`SUPERVISORY PATENT EXAMINER
`TECHNOLOGY CEIHER 2700
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`PREPARED FOR ISSUE
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`WARNING:' The"lnforrnatlon d!s~osed herein maybe restrlcled. Unauthorized dJsctosure·may be prohibited
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`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 2/370
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`· 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL NO. _ _ _ ,,.,,1,_..12:.;:,1/,..;;..·9.c..7 ·.c..· _
`
`.
`
`65705 U.S. pTO
`.. 08/916211
`
`U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`FEE RECORD SHEET
`
`,•,
`
`01/21/1998 BALEXAND 00000010 08976217
`01 FC:101
`790.00 OP
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`PT0-1556
`(5/87)
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 3/370
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`

`

`i, LANGER & CIDCK, P.C. Expr
`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOOD]
`ATIORN .• -AT LAW
`
`No.:
`
`iail Mailing Label
`
`,M fll3 058 619 US
`
`. 767 nuRD AVENUE. NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017-2023
`
`STEl'HEN H. FRISIIAUI'
`LEONAIU) ROLU:
`ffEIUIEII.T GOODMAN"
`WllLTMI It, WOODWARD (IP/4,19!1()
`nt0MASLAN02ll
`MAP.SHALL 1. cmci::
`lUCHAIU> s. aARm
`DOUCIIAS HOLTZ
`llODEJlT P, MICHAL
`TELEPHONE: (212) 319-4900
`FACS~MILE: (212) 319-5101
`
`DatCt1fDeposit: November 21, 1997
`
`I hereby certify that this paper is being deposited with
`the United States Postal Service "Express Mail Post
`Office to Addressee" service under 37 CFR 1.10 on
`the date indicated above an!l ls addressed to the AssL
`Commissioner for Patents, Washington, D.C. 20231
`
`~~-
`
`~ i l lan i
`
`Assistant Commissioiter for Patents
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`Transmitted herewitll for filing is the patent application of
`Hiroy~sµ YAMADA
`Inven~r(s):
`Tornoyuki SHIRASAKI
`Yoshihiro KAWAMURA
`
`Attorney DocketNo. 970719/LH
`
`TiUe:·
`·"DISJ?LAY APPARATus 11
`Prio!)ty Caim (35 y.s.c~ t'19) is made, based upon:
`N~. 331388)1996
`Japan
`No •. 331.38,9/1996
`Japan
`
`November 28, 1996
`November 28, 1996
`
`Enclosed herewith are:
`( X J Specification (Description, C!alms, Abstract): Pages 1 M ~ ; Number of claims 1 M ~
`[ X J Declaration arad Power of Attorney [K] executed; I ] aocxccuted (supplied for. information
`purposes)
`
`1
`
`•
`
`IX I
`[XI
`IX I
`I
`I
`
`~ Sheets of ·dra'~ings, Figure,? 1 M ~ [X .. J Formal [ J Informal
`Assignment and "Patents" Recordatlon Form Cover Sheet (PT.OM159S)
`
`Certified copy (ies): of priority document(s) Identified above
`J Form PT0-1449
`
`Information DisC:losure Slateme~t;
`
`. Preliminary Ame&dment
`
`Verified Statement(s) Claiming Small Entity Stat~s
`
`_I X ] Receipt Postcard
`
`Total Claims·
`
`Number Flied
`17
`
`. -20
`
`-
`
`Number Extra
`0
`
`Rate
`
`X $22.00
`
`Calculations
`$. _ _ _ _ _
`
`Independent Claims • _2_· - 3
`
`MULTIPLE DEPENDENT CLAIMS
`
`0
`
`ASSIGNMENT RECORDING FEE.
`
`X $82.00
`
`+$270.00 ~
`
`BASIC FEE
`
`Total of above Calculations
`
`$ - - -~ - -
`$. _ _ _ _ _
`
`S _790.00
`S
`40.00
`
`S 830.00
`
`·
`To tlle extent not tendered by check, auihorizatiOn is given to.charge any fees under 37 CFR 1.16 and 1.17 durit:lg
`pendcncy of the application, or to credit nny o,•crp~ymcnt, !o Deposit A::eount NO. 06M137S. Duplicate copy Of this letter I:
`enc1osed. .
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`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOODMAN, L GER & CHICK, P.C.
`
`LH:bv
`10//97
`
`By:
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 4/370
`
`

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`lliliillu> S. BARffl
`J)OIJGLAS HOLTZ
`- ~ iOBEJlT P. MICHAL
`lELEPHONE: (212) 319-4900
`FACSIMILE, (212) 3\9-5101
`
`.N, LANGER & C!IlCK, P.C. Ex1
`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOO'
`ATTOi\ A.,3ATLAW
`. :67 nmiD AVENUE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017-2023
`
`1ail Mailing Label
`
`I}
`
`No.:
`
`,M ,013 058 619 us
`Date of Deposit: November 21, 1997
`
`I hereby certify that this paper is being deposited with
`the United States Postal Service "Express Mail Post
`Office to Addresseett service under 37 CPR 1.10 on
`the date indicated above and is addressed to the Asst.
`Commissioner for Patents, Washington, D.C. 20231
`
`, , 4 '~~ -
`~ i l lan i
`
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`Transmitted herewith for filing is the patent application of
`Hiroyasu YAMADA
`IilVentor(s):
`Tomoyuki SHIRASAKI
`Yoshihiro KAWAMURA
`
`~
`}I
`
`Title:
`
`11DIS~LAY APPARAiilus 11
`
`Attorney DocketNo. 9 7 0 719 /LH
`
`PriO~ty Oaim (35 U.$.C. 119) Is made, based upon:
`
`Japan
`Japan
`
`No. 331388/1996
`No. 331389/1996
`
`November 28, 1996
`November 28, 1996
`
`~~
`
`Enclosed herewith are:
`· [ X J Specification (Description, (:laims, Abstract): Pages 1 -~ ; Number of claims 1 - ....!1
`[ x ] Declaration and Power of Attorney fK] executed; [ ,] 1111exccuted (supplied for information
`.
`purposes)
`
`[ X ] ~ Sheets of ci~awings, Figures 1 - ..l.L [X.J Formai [ J Informal
`[ X] Assignment and "Patents" Recordatlon Form Cover Sheet (PT0-1595)
`[ xrl Certified copy. des) of priority document(s) identified above
`J Form PT0-1449
`]
`Information Disclosure Statement;
`f Preliminary A~endment
`Verified Statement(s) Claiming Small Entity Statlls
`
`[ X ] Recei~t Postcard
`
`Total Claims
`
`Number Filed
`17
`
`-20
`
`Number Extra
`0
`
`Rate
`
`X $22.00
`
`-3
`Independent Clainis
`MULTIPLE DEPENDENT CLAIMS
`
`2
`
`0
`
`. ASSIGNMENT RECORDING FEE
`
`x$82.00
`+ $270.00
`BASIC FEE
`
`Total of above Calculations
`
`Calculations
`s
`
`s
`s
`s 790.00
`40.00
`$
`
`$830.00
`
`To the extent not tendered by check, authorization is given to charge any fees under 37 CFR 1.16 and 1,17 during
`·
`pendency of the application, or to credit any overpayment, to Deposit Account.No. 06-1378. Duplicate cop)' of this letter is
`\ enclosed.
`1
`•
`
`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOODMAN, LAN ER & CffiCK, P.C.
`
`LH:bv
`I0//97
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 5/370
`
`

`

`APPLICATION FOR
`
`UNITED STATES LETTERS PATENT
`
`S P E C I F I C A T I O N
`
`j.
`
`Inventors: Hiroyasu YAMADA
`
`Tornoyuki SHIRASAKI
`
`Yoshihiro KAWAMURA
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 6/370
`
`

`

`..
`
`1
`
`DISPLAY APPARATUS
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates to a display apparatus, and more particularly to an
`
`5
`
`electroluminescent (hereinafter referred to as EL) display apparatus with a matrix display
`
`panel including EL elements.
`
`Desaiption of the Related Art
`
`An EL display apparatus with organic EL elements, that is, display elements which
`
`emit light spontaneously and which are arranged in a matrix pattern, is known
`
`1 O conventionally. A passive matrix type EL display apparatus is available as such an EL
`
`display apparatus.
`
`In th_is type of EL display apparatus, parallel cathode lines serve as
`
`common lines, while parallel anode lines which are perpendicular to the cathode lines
`and which are made of rro (indium tin oxide) serve as data lines. An organic EL layer
`..
`j.
`.
`'
`is arranged between the set of the cathode lines and the set of the anode lines. A
`
`15
`
`positive voltage is applied to the data lines in each of c;athode selection periods, thereby
`
`driving organic EL elements located at the intersections of the common lines and the
`
`data lines. The display apparatus displays an image which corresponds to the voltage
`
`applied to the data lines.
`
`In the case of the passive matrix type EL display apparatus
`
`which displays an image by driving such organic EL elements, the larger the number of
`
`20
`
`common lines and/or the number of data lines, the shorter the selection period ( duty H)
`.
`per pixel.· The period of time over which the organic EL layer keeps emitting light even
`
`.
`
`.
`
`after the application of a voltage between the set of the cathode lines and the set of the
`
`anode lines is short
`
`In consideration of this, according to the conventional passive
`
`matrix type EL display apparatus, the instantaneous luminance of the organic EL layer of
`
`25
`
`each pixel during the selection periods is intensified so that the organic EL layer
`
`apparently emits light over 1 frame period. The organic EL layer can .emtt light at a high
`
`instantaneous luminance by applying a high voltage to the organic EL layer.
`
`In this
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`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 7/370
`
`

`

`•
`
`•
`
`2
`
`case, however, the organic EL layer can easily deteriorate.
`
`In the passive matrix 1ype EL display apparatus, the larger the number of common
`
`lines and data lines, the more possibility of the oocurrenoe of crosstalk This makes it
`
`difficult to enable the passive matrix 1ype EL display apparatus to display a highly precise
`
`5
`
`image.
`
`Proposed as a display apparatus free from the above-described problems is an
`
`active matrix type display apparatus which includes, as shCl'Ml in Fig. 22, pairs of thin film
`.
`.
`tram;;istors which µinfer a voltage storing capability on the pixels. Each of the pairs of
`
`thin film transistors consists of a selection transistor T1 and a drive transistor T2. The
`
`1 0
`
`selection transistor T1 is connected to a data line DL for supplying a data signal and a
`
`gate line GL for supplying a gate signal. , The gate electrode of the drive transistor T2 is
`
`connected to.the selection transistor T1. . The source of the drive transistor T2 is
`
`connected to a constant voltage line VI...
`/.
`.
`the thin filni transistors T1 and T2 are formed in a pixel area .on a glass substrate 101,
`
`In this display apparatus, as shown in Fig. 23,
`
`15
`
`and the gaieis of the thin film transistors are covered with .a gate insulation film 102.
`
`In
`
`an area adjacent to the thin film transistors T1 and T2, atransparent anode electrode
`· .....
`103 is provided on the gate insulation film 102. The transparent anode electrode 103 is
`
`connected to the drain of the drive transistor T2. A passivation film 104 covers the thin
`
`film transistors T1 and T2. A contact hole extending up to the transparent anode
`
`20
`
`electrode 1. 03 is formed in that part of the passivation film 104 which is located on the
`
`transparent anode electrode 103. An organic EL layer 106, which absorbs the energy
`
`.genefil!ed due to the recombination of electrons and holes when a current flows, is
`
`deposited in the contact hole 105 extending up to the transparent anode electrode 103.
`
`A cathode electrode 107, which reflects visible light and which extends over a plurality of
`
`25
`
`pixels, is laminated on the passivation film 104 and the organic EL layer 106.
`
`In this EL
`
`display apparatus, the efficiency of the injection of earners into the organic EL layer 106
`
`depends on the ionization potential of the anode electrode 103 and the electron affinity
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 8/370
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`(the work function) of the cathode electrode 107.
`
`In order to improve the light emitting
`
`efficiency of the organic EL layer 100 which depends on the canier injection efficiency,
`
`the cathode electrode 107 is formed using a material whose work function is low. Since
`
`the cathode electrode 107 is normally formed of a metal such as magnesium whose
`
`5 work function is low, the cathode electrode 107 reflects light having a wavelength in a
`
`range of wavelength of light which the organic EL layer 100 emits. Due to this, in the
`
`above EL di~play apparatus, the light emitted by the organic EL layer 100 travels
`
`through the anod~ electrode 103 and the substrate 101. The organic EL layer 100 is
`
`arranged so as not to overlap the thin film transistors T1 and T2. The purpose of thus
`
`1 O arranging the organic EL layer 100 is to prevent the light emitted by the orgariic EL layer
`
`100 from entering the thin film transistors T1 and 12.
`
`If the emitted_ light entered the thin
`
`film transistors T1 and 12, unnecessary photoelectromotive force would be generated in
`
`the channel regions of the thin film transistors T1 and 12, which entails the possibility of
`. l
`.
`. .
`the thin filni transistors T1 and 12 malfunctioning .
`
`15
`
`In the ~i:tive matrix type EL display apparatus described above, the light emitting
`
`area of each pixel in which a part of the organic EL layer 106 is located is limited to an
`
`area in which the thin film transistors T1 and 12 are not located, and therefore the ratio of
`
`the light emitting area to the pixel area is small.
`
`If the light emitting area is enlarged and
`
`if a voltage applied to the organic EL layer 100 is intensified to attain the desired
`
`20
`
`luminance, the organic EL layer 100 will be considerably deteriorated. The cathode
`
`electrode 107 is made of a metal, while the organic EL layer 106 is made of an organic
`
`material. Hence, it is difficult to join the cathode electrode 107 and the organic EL layer
`
`100 together in a preferred .condition. As time passes, a gap can easily occur between
`
`the cathode electrode 107 and the organic EL layer 100, which entails the possibility that
`
`25
`
`the organic EL layer 106 may become emit no lighl The organic EL layer can emit light
`
`at the same luminance as that of an inorganic EL layer even when the organic EL layer
`
`is formed as thin as 40nm to 250nm. The thicker the organic EL layer 100, the higher
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 9/370
`
`

`

`UNITED STI\TEs PATENT AND ThADEMARK OFFICE
`
`UNITED STATES DEPAR'n!ENT OF COMMERCE
`United State11 l'atent and Trademark Office
`Add:!m:GOMMlSSIOJ\U FUii. l'A1'.l!:NJ'8
`P.O. fl!>ll 14~0
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`tl'WW,lllP!O.!OV
`
`APPLICATION NUMBER
`
`PATENT NUMBER
`
`GROUP ART UNrr
`
`FILE WRAPPER LOCATION
`
`08/976,217
`
`6072450
`
`2778
`
`9200J 100421007105
`
`Correspondence Address/ Fee Address Change
`
`The following fields have been set to Customer Number 1933 on 04/22/2005
`
`• Correspondence Address
`
`The address of record for Customer Number 1933 isi
`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOODMAN & CHICK, PC
`767 THIRD AVENUE
`25TH FLOOR
`NEW YORK,NY 10017-2023
`I
`
`.•,
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 10/370
`
`

`

`UNITED SY.TES PATENT AND ThADEMARK OrnoE
`
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`United St.tel! Patent and Tradem11rk Office
`Addmo:COMMISSICl?slm tT.>R l'.'l.1.'.l!:N'f$
`P.O. llnx 14.~0
`Al=drie, Virginia 11313•U50
`'IYWl"',Uipto~
`
`APPLICATION NUMBER
`
`PAlENf NUMBER
`
`GROUP ART UNIT
`
`FILE WRAPPER LOCATION
`
`08/976,217
`
`6072450
`
`2778
`
`9200J 100421007105
`
`Correspondence Address/ Fee Address Change
`
`The following fields have been set to Customer Number 1933 on 04/25/2005
`
`• Correspondence Address
`
`The address of record for Customer Number 1933 Is!
`FRISHAUF, HOLTZ, GOODMAN & CHICK, PC
`767 THIRD AVENUE
`'
`25TH FLOOR
`NEW YORK,NY 10017-2023
`I
`
`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 11/370
`
`

`

`•
`
`4
`
`an effective voltage/a.irrent for causing the organic EL layer to emit light at the desired
`
`luminance. This limlts the range of value at which the thickness of the organic EL layer
`
`can be set Meanwhile, the thickness of the passivation film 104, which covers the thin
`
`film transistors T1 and T2, is set at such a value as to prevent the oca.irrence of a
`
`5
`
`parasitic capacitance in the thin film transistors T1 and T2. Owing to a difference in
`
`thickness between the passivation film 104 and the organic EL layer 100, a step is
`
`present on lt]e upper surfaces of the passivation film 104 and organic EL layer 100.
`
`There is the possjbilily that the cathode electrode 107 may break at that step.
`
`If the
`
`cathode electrode 107 breaks, the display apparatus cannot perform a display
`
`1 0
`
`operation.
`
`SUMMARY 0F THE INVENTION
`
`It is accordingly one object of the present invention to provide a display apparatus
`.
`.
`which has a light emitting area enlarged so as to eniit light at a satisfactorily high
`I,
`.
`.
`luminescence even though a voltage applied to an EL layer is low, and which has a long
`
`15
`
`luminance l~e.
`
`. It is another object of the present invention to provide a display apparatus which
`
`prevents light from entering active elements such as transistors, to thereby avoid the
`
`malfunction of the active elements.
`
`In order to achieve the above objects, a display apparatus a=rding to one aspect
`
`20
`
`of the present invention comprises:
`
`a substrate;
`
`active elements which are formed over the substrate and which are driven by an
`
`externally supplied signal;
`
`an insulation film formed over the substrate so as to cover the active el13ments and
`
`25
`
`having at least one oontact hole; ·
`
`at least one first electrode formed on the at least one insulation film so as to oover
`
`the active elements, and oonnected to the active elements through the at least one
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`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 12/370
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`
`5 •
`
`contact hole, the at least one first electrode being made of a material which shields .
`
`visible lighi
`
`an electroluminescent layer fanned on the at least one first electrode and including
`
`at least one layer which emits light in accordance with a voltage applied to the at least
`
`5
`
`one layer; and
`
`at least one second electrode fanned on the electroluminescent layer.
`
`In this di~play apparatus, the at least one first electrode is fanned so as to cover the
`
`active elements, and the electroluminescent layer and the at least one second electrode
`
`are laminated sequentially on the at least one first electrode. Under those conditions,
`the area occupied by an electroluminescent element, which is fanned of the at least one
`
`1 O
`
`first electrode, the electroluminescent layer and the at least one second electrode, is not
`limited by the.active elements, and a light emitting area can be enlarged acoordingly.
`'
`This enables the electroluminescent layer fa emit light at the same luminescence as that
`'
`'
`J,
`'
`'
`'
`of a conventional display apparatus, even though a voltage applied to the
`
`'
`
`'
`
`15
`
`electrolumiriesoent layer is low. · · In this case, the load on the electroluminescent layer is
`
`small, which ensures a long life to the display apparatus. Since the at least one fJrSt
`
`electrode is made of a-material which shields visible ligh~ the light emitted by the
`
`electroluminescent layer does not enter the active elements, and therefore the active
`
`elements do not malfunction due to the light
`
`20
`
`In order to achieve the above-described objects, a display apparatus acoordirig to
`
`the second aspect of the· present invention comprises:
`
`a substrate;
`
`selection transistors formed over the substrate and arranged in a matrix pattern;
`
`drive transistors fanned over the substrate and arranged in a matrix pattern, each of
`
`25
`
`the drive transistors being connected to one of the selection transistors;
`
`address lines connected to the selection transistors and through which a signal for
`
`turning on the selection transistors is supplied;
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`6 •
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`. data lines connected to the selection transistors, a signal which corresponds to
`
`image data being supplied to the drive transistors through the data lines and the
`
`selection transistors while the selection transistors is on;
`
`an insulation film formed over the substrate so as to cover the drive transistors, the
`
`5
`
`address lines and the data lines, the insulation film having contact holes formed in
`
`correspondence with the drive transistors;
`
`first electrodes made of a material which shields visible light, and
`
`formed on the
`
`insulation film so fiS to cover the election transistors and the drive transistors, the first
`
`· electrodes being arranged in a matrix pattern in areas surrounded by the address lines
`
`1 O . and the data lines, and being connected to !tie drive transistors through the contact
`
`holes;
`
`an electr:oluminesceJJ! layer formed on the first electrodes and including at least one
`
`layer which emits light in a=rdance with an applied voltage;
`/.
`.
`a serond electrode formed on the electroluminescent layer;
`
`15
`
`a first driver circuit for selectively supplying the adgress signal to the address Jines in
`
`sequence; and .
`
`a second driver circuit for supplying the image data to the data lines.
`
`In this display apparatus, the first electrodes are arranged in the areas surrounded
`
`by the address Jines and the data lines. Under this condition, electroluminescent
`
`20
`
`· elements, each being formed of one· of the first electrodes and the electroluminescent
`
`layer and the second electrode, do not overlap the address Jines or the data lines.
`
`Consequently, no parasttic capacitance CiccUrs between the address/data lines and the
`
`electrodes of the electroluminescent elements, thus preventing signal transmission from
`
`being slowed down.
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`/
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`·
`
`25
`
`BRIEF DESCRJry6N OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Fig. 1 is a plan vi= of an display apparatus a=rding to one err'bodiment of the
`
`present invention;
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`7
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`:L".,_J
`Fig. 2 is a cross section taken along the line~show in Fig. 1;
`
`Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an EL display circuit corresponding
`
`to one pixel;
`
`Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram which specifically shows the structure of the
`5 EL display circuit;
`Fig. 5 is a graph showing the electric characteristic of a drive transistor Q2;
`
`Fig. 6 is _a graph showing the luminance of an organic EL element;
`
`Fig. 7 is a diijgram illustrating driver circuits used in the display apparatus depicted
`
`inFig.1;
`
`1 O
`
`Fig. 8 is a diagram showing waveforms for driving the display apparatus;
`
`Fig. 9 is a sectional vifm of a display apparatus which includes cathode electrodes,
`
`an organic Et layer, and a dielectric film between the organic EL layer and the cathode
`
`electrodas;
`
`j
`Fig. 1 O is a .sectional vieN of a display apparatus having R, G and B wavelength
`
`15
`
`range conv"eirsion layers;
`
`Fig. 11 is a sectional vifm of a display apparatus having R and G wavelength range
`
`conversion layers;
`
`Fig. 12 is a sectional vifm of a display apparatus having R, G and B wavelength
`
`range conversion layers and colorfilter layers;
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`20
`
`Fig. 13 is a sectional vieN of a display apparatus having color filter layers;
`
`Fig. 14 is a sectional vifm of a display apparatus having Rand G wavelength range
`
`conversion layers and color filter layers;
`
`Fig. 15 is a sectional vifm of a display apparatus having concave R, G and B
`
`wavelength range convt;rsion layers and colorfilters;
`
`25
`
`Fig. 16 is a diagram showing driver circuits used in a display apparatus which
`
`includes drive transistors Q2 and anode electrodes connected to the drive transistors
`
`Q2;
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`•
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`8 •
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`Fig. 17 is a plan vieN of a display apparatus a=rding another embodiment of the
`
`present invention;
`
`J Fig. 18 is a cross section taken along the line lr-&shown in Fig. 17;
`
`12-rr
`l'f-/'I
`Fig. 19 is a cross section taken along the line,e-:e.shown in Fig. 17;
`
`5
`
`Fig. 20 is a diagram showing driver circuits used in the display apparatus illustrated
`
`inFig.17;
`
`Fig. 21 i~ a sectional vieN of a display apparatus including a cathode electrode
`
`having a rough s4rface;
`
`Fig. 22 is a plan vieN of a display apparatus a=rding to the related art; and
`
`1 0
`
`Fig. 23 is a sectional vieN of the display apparatus illustrated in Fig. 21.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT'
`
`Display apparatuses a=rding to embodiments of the present invention will now be
`
`described in detail, with reference to the a=mpanying drawings.
`j.
`.
`The structure of the display apparatus a=cling to one embodiment of the present
`invention wiir now be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a plan vieN of
`.,_-.)_)
`that part of the displ9y apparatus of this embodiment which corresponds to one pixel. ·
`./
`.
`.
`(I../ Fig. 2 is a cross section taken along the line 1'"=-K.shown in Fig. 1.
`In those drawings, a·
`
`15
`
`reference numeral 1 denotes the display apparatus. That part of the display apparatus
`
`1 which is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 includes a substrate 2, an n-channel transistor Q1,
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`20
`
`an n-channel transistor 02, an organic EL element 3, etc. which are formed over the
`
`substrate 2. The substrate 2 is made of glass or synthetic resin, and make visible light
`.
`.
`pass through. Then-channel transistor Q1 serves as a selection transistor, while then(cid:173)
`
`channel transistor Q2 serves as a drive transistor.
`The structure of the display apparatus 1 will be more specifically described.
`
`25
`
`Parallel address lines 4 extending in a predetermined direction are formed at equal
`
`intervals on the substrate 2 by patterning a gate metal film which is made of aluminum
`
`(Al) orlhe like. The selection transistor Q1 has a gate electrode 4A formed in
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`•
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`9
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`integration with one address line 4. The drive transistor Q2 has a gate electrode 48.
`
`Anodic oxidation films 5 are formed on the gate electrodes 4A and 48 and the address
`
`lines 4. A gate insulation film 6 which is mace of silicon nitride is formed so as to cover
`
`the address lines 4, the gate electrodes 4A and 48 and the substrate 2.
`5 Semiconductor layers 7 A and 78, which are made of amorphous silicon (a-Si) or
`polycrystalline silicon (p-5i), are patterned on the gate insulation film 6 covering the gate
`electrodes 4J\ and 48. Blocking layers BA and flB are formed on the middle portions of
`. · the semiconduct9r layers 7 A and 78, respectively, and extend in a channel widthwise
`direction. Ohmic layers 9A and 98 are formed on the semiconductor layer 7 A and are
`
`1 O
`
`isolated from each other at the blocking layer 8A The ohmic layer 9A is located on that
`
`side (the drain side) of the semiconductor layer? A which is dose to a drain, while the
`
`ohmic layer 98 is located on that side (the source side) of the semiconductor layer 7 A
`
`which is close to a source. Ohmic layers 9C and 90 are formed on the semiconductor
`.
`.
`. I
`layer 7E( and are isolated from each other at the blocking layer 88. · The ohmic layer
`
`15
`
`9C is locate'a on the.drain side of the semiconductor layer 78, while the ohmic layer90
`
`is located on the source side of the semiconductor layer 7R
`
`In the selection transistor
`
`Q1, a data line 1 DA is laminated on and connected to the ohmic layer 9A located on the
`
`drain side, and a source electrode 1 OB is laminated on and connected to the ohmic layer
`
`98 located on the source side. The source electrode 1 OB is connected to a contact
`
`20
`
`hole 11 formed in the gate insulation film 6 of the drive transistor Q2.
`
`In the drive
`
`transistor Q2, a constant voltage iine 12 which is set at a groLindpotential is laminated
`
`on and connected to the ohmic Jayer9C located on the.drain side, and a source
`.
`.
`.
`electrode 13 having two ends is laminated on the ohmic layer 90 located on the source
`.
`.
`side. One end of the source electrode 13 is connected to the ohmic layer 90, while the
`
`25
`
`other end of the source electrode 13 is connected to one of cathode electrodes15 of
`
`organic EL elements 3. The gate electrode 48, the constant voltage line 12 and the
`
`gate insulation film 6 therebetween form a capacitor Cp.
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`/D
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`•
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`···c
`i . ·ii:)
`····\i:l
`:. ~~
`',·.w
`i'V
`·~
`-.··-~.J
`.. '
`•· .. i,.
`·•. !,I,
`i Fil
`. I;!,
`··.·.~
`
`•
`
`10
`
`The structures of the organic EL elements 3 will now be described.
`
`In the entire
`
`display area of the display apparatus, a flat interlayer insulation film 14 is deposited to a
`
`thickness of about 400nm to 1200nm on selection transistors Q1, drive transistors Q2
`
`and the gate insulation film 6. Contact holes 14A are formed in those parts of the
`
`5
`
`interlayer insulation film 14 which are located at end portions of the source electrodes 13
`
`of the drive transistors Q2. Each of the oontact holes14A and a oorresponding one of
`
`the aforemer:tioned end portions of the source electrodes 13 are located almost in the
`
`center of one pix~! area The cathode electrodes 15 which are made of Mgln or the like
`
`are patterned on the interlayer insulation film 14. Each cathode electrode 15 has an
`
`10
`
`area and a shape (almost square in this embodiment) which are enough to cover the
`'
`most part of one pixel area surrounded by the adjacent data lines1 OA and the adjacent
`.
`.
`address linElS!-4. The selection transistors Q1 and the drive transistors Q2 are formed
`
`under the cathode electrodes 15.
`j.
`In the entire display area, an organic EL layer 16 is formed on the cathode·
`electrodes i 5 and the interlayer insulation film 14, and .a transparent anode electrode 17
`which is made of !TO (indium tin oxide) or IZnO (indium zinc oxide) is formed on the
`
`15
`
`organic EL layer 16. A driving pow.er source (not sho.vn) is connected to the anode
`
`electrode 17.
`
`The organic EL layer 16 includes an el~n canylng layer, a luminous layer and a
`
`20
`
`hole canying layer. . Of those layers included in the organic Ellayer 16, the electron
`
`canying layer is closest to the cathode electrodes 15, and the hole canying layer is ·
`
`farthest from the cathode electrodes 15. The electron canying layer is made of .
`
`. aluminum-Iris (8-hydroxyquinolinate) {hereinafter referred to as Alq3). The luminous
`
`layer is made of 96wt"A, 4,4'-bis (2,2-<liphenylvinylene)biphenyl (hereinafter referred to as
`
`25 DPVBi) and 4wt% 4,4!-bis((2-carbazole )vinylene)biphenyl (hereinafter referred to as
`
`BCzVBi). The hole canying layer is made of N,N' -<li( a-naphlhyl)-N,N'-<liphenyl-1, 1 ' -
`
`biphenyl-4,4'-<liamine (hereinafter referred to as a-NPD). The thickness of the organic
`
`II
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`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 18/370
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`•
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`11
`
`EL layer 16 is on the order of 40nm to 250nm.
`
`The constitutional formulas of Alq3, DPVBi, BCzVBi and o:-NPD are shown below:
`- - - - - -
`1)) [Formula 1]
`,,< o\
`, \ ) 5
`
`.
`
`[Formula 2]
`
`J.
`
`[Formula 3]
`
`0
`ro
`. '.O
`.\!
`i1i ru
`.1-i:
`"'.J
`j'.
`: i,;.
`!al:
`l'J
`':. '*
`11:l
`',..j
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`)L
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`SAMSUNG EX. 1002 - 19/370
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`12
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`' •
`[Fonnula4] Q N
`
`•
`
`0 N
`
`J
`
`5
`
`The organic EL layer 16 thus formed emits blue light upon the application of a
`
`1 O predetennined vo~e.
`
`When !he organic EL layer 16 belvJeen the anode electrode 17 and the cathode
`electrodes 1~ includes a luminous Jayerwhich can C8fJY electrons and which is made of
`·beryllium-bi5i(10-hyclroxybeinzo[h] qtiinolinate) (hereinafter referred to as Bebq2), and a
`hole canying layer made of o:-NPD, the organic EL layer 16 can emit green Jig,!.
`The cci'ristitutional formula of Bebq2 is shoM"l bel~
`[Formula 5]
`
`15
`
`20
`
`I N ,,
`
`I
`
`·.
`,,,
`0
`,,
`,,,,
`'Be
`.,.
`,,, ,,,
`0
`
`.
`
`IJI
`
`N
`I
`
`In the display apparatus 1 of this embodiment, each cathode electrode 15 covers
`
`25
`
`one pixel area surrounded by ttie adjacent data lines 10A and the adjacent address Jines
`
`4, and therefore each EL element 3 emits light over the entire!¥ of one pixel area This
`
`remarkably improves the aperture ratio per pixel in the display apparatus 1 of this
`
`I_)
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`•
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`13 •
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`embodiment over that of the convenfional active